A Lesson Plan in Senior High School English (Research) By Mariju I. Pimentel I. Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to
1. paraphrase a statement 2. identify benefits of paraphrasing 3. appreciate the importance of paraphrasing 4. apply paraphrasing in writing II. Subject Matter: Paraphrasing
Reference: Fundamentals of Writing Research, pages 11-12 Material: PowerPoint presentation (PPT) Values: Develop a genuine love for writing; being candid and frank in uttering statements III. Procedures: A. Learning Activities
Teacher’s Activity
Student’s Activity
“Good morning, class.” class.”
“Good Morning, “Good Morning, Ma’am. Ma’am.”
“Let us pray first...”
(One student leads the prayer.)
(Check ing ing of attendance) “Say “Say Present if you are here.” here. ”
(Students raise their hand and say present as the teacher calls their names.)
“Please pick up the pieces of paper under your chair.” chair.”
(Students pick up the pieces of paper.)
“So, how was your weekend?”
“It was great sir! It sir! It was a lot of fun!” fun!”
“That’s good! “That’s good!””
“Yes sir!”
B. Lesson Proper
1. The teacher lets students examine or analyze the sentences or statements from the PowerPoint slides. The success of doing a research paper relies reli es on reading a lot about the topic.
Quality research paper needs much reading about the topic.
In research, significance of the study explains the importance of the research being conducted. The part of research that states why the study should be conducted is called significance of the study.
One form of plagiarism is copying from the original source without citing the author. Owning someone’s work instead of crediting it to the author is considered plagiarism.
2. The teacher solicits students’ analysis of the sentences or statements. 3. The teacher asks the difference between the original and paraphrased sentences. 4. The teacher asks the students to define paraphrasing in own words. 5. The teacher explains how to paraphrase sentences or st atements. 6. The teacher asks the practical uses of paraphrasing.
IV. Generalization
A paraphrase is • own rendition of essential information and ideas expressed by someone else, presented in a new form. • one legitimate way (when accompanied by accurate documentation) to borr ow from a source. • a more detailed restatement than a summary, which focuses concisely on a single main idea • using your own words to express someone else's message or ideas.
In a paraphrase, the ideas and meaning of the original source must be maintained; the main ideas need to come through, but the wording has to be your own. Ways to paraphrase • Read the original two or three times or until you are sure you understand it. • Put the original aside and try to write the main ideas in your own words. Say what the source says, but no more, and try to reproduce the source's order of ideas and emphasis. • Look closely at unfamiliar words, observing carefully the exact sense in which the writer uses the words. • Check your paraphrase, as often as needed, against the original for accurate
tone and meaning, changing any words or phrases that match the original too closely. If the wording of the paraphrase is too close to the wording of the original, then it is plagiarism. • Include a citation for the source of the information (including the page numbers) so that you can cite the source accurately. Even when you paraphrase, you must still give credit to the original author.
Paraphrasing is a valuable skill because... • it is better than quoting information from an undistinguished passage. • it helps you control the temptation to quote too much or pla giarize. • the mental process required for successful paraphrasing helps you to grasp the full meaning of the original. • it is a requirement in writing academic writing such as research.
V. Evaluation Direction: Paraphrase the following sentences and a paragraph.
1. Original sentence: Her life spanned years of incredible change for women.
Paraphrased sentence: She lived through an era of liberating reform for women.
2. Original sentence: Giraffes like Acacia leaves and hay, and they can consume 75 pounds of food a day.
Paraphrased sentence: A giraffe can eat up to 75 pounds of Acacia leaves and hay every day.
3. Original sentence:
Any trip to Italy should include a trip to Tuscany to sample its exquisite wines.
Paraphrased sentence:
Be sure to include a Tuscan wine-tasting experience when visiting Italy.
4. Original paragraph: Of the more than 1000 bicycling deaths each year, three-fourths are caused by head injuries. Half of those killed are school-age children. One study concluded that wearing a bike helmet can reduce the risk of head injury by 85 percent. In an accident, a bike helmet absorbs the shock and cushions the head. From “Bike Helmets: Unused Lifesavers,” Consumer Reports (May 1990): 348.
Paraphrased paragraph: The use of a helmet is the key to reducing bicycling fatalities, which are due to head injuries 75% of the time. By cushioning the head upon impact, a helmet can reduce accidental injury by as much as 85%, saving the lives of hundreds of victims annually, half of whom are school children (“Bike Helmets,” 348).
