Aclaramiento de Un Farmaco

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CHIMBORAZO FACULT FACULTAD AD DE CIENCIAS CIENC IAS DE LA SALUD CARRERA DE ODONTOLOGÍA

FARMACOLOGIA TEMA: ACLARAMIENTO DE UN FARMACO

ESTUDIANTE: ESTEFANY CASTELO DOCENTE: Dra. SILV S ILVIA IA REINOSO SEMESTRE: QUINTO “B” FECHA: 25 DE NOVIEMBRE DEL 2016

ACLARAMIENTO DE UN FARMACO El aclara!"#$% % &"'(rac!)# &" (# F*rac% "+ la ca'ac!&a& &" (# )r,a#% 'ara "l!!#ar (# F*rac% "-'r"+a&a '%r "l #"r% &" !l!l!$r%+ /(" "+" )r,a#% aclara "+ &"c!r "l!!#a $%$al"#$" "l F*rac% '%r (#!&a& &" $!"'%.

Aclaramient He!"tic S" llaa aclaramient

#e!"tic al 3%l("# &" 'la+a /(" "l 4,a&% '("&" &"'(rar &" (#a

+(+$a#c!a &"$"r!#a&a '%r (#!&a& &" $!"'%. S" "-'r"+a ,"#"ral"#$" "# !l!l!$r%+ '%r  !#($%. C%# (c4a r"c("#c!a "+$" c%#c"'$% +" a'l!ca a la ca'ac!&a& &"l 4,a&% 'ara l!'!ar la +a#,r" % 'la+a &" (# &"$"r!#a&% *rac% % "&!ca"#$%. E+$" 'r%c"+% '("&" +"r  r"al!7a&% '%r "l 4,a&% "&!a#$" 2 "ca#!+%+ "-'(l+a#&% la +(+$a#c!a al $(8% &!,"+$!3% a $ra39+

&"

la 8!l!+

%

"$a8%l!7*#&%la

"&!a#$"

r"acc!%#"+

/(!ca+

'%r 

":"'l% %-!&ac!)# % 4!&r%l!+!+.

Aclaramient $la%m"tic El aclara!"#$% 'la+*$!c% Cl  c%#+$!$(;" (# 'ar*"$r% arac%c!#9$!c% /(" '"r!$" c(a#$!!car la ca'ac!&a& &" (# )r,a#% % c%#:(#$% &" )r,a#%+ 'ara "l!!#ar (# *rac%. <("&" &"!#!r+" c%% "l 3%l("# &" +a#,r" % 'la+a /(" "+ &"'(ra&% &" (#a +(+$a#c!a '%r  (#!&a& &" $!"'% "&!a#$" 'r%c"+%+ &" "l!!#ac!)#. S" "-'r"+a "# 3%l("# '%r (#!&a& &" $!"'% 4a8!$(al"#$" l!$r%+=4%ra % !l!l!$r%+=!#($%. El aclara!"#$% 'la+*$!c% &" (# *rac% '%r (# &"$"r!#a&% )r,a#% +" r"lac!%#a c%# la ca'ac!&a& (#c!%#al &"l !+% 'ara "l!!#arl% ; &"'"#&" &" ac$%r"+ !+!%l),!c%+. El Cl $%$al c%#+!&"ra &" %ra a&!$!3a "l aclara!"#$% &" ca&a (#% &" l%+ )r,a#%+ !'l!ca&%+ "# la "l!!#ac!)# &"l *rac%.

A+ 'ara (# *rac% /(" +" "l!!#" '%r 3a 4"'*$!ca ; r"#al "l aclara!"#$% 'la+*$!c% $%$al +"r* la +(a &"l aclara!"#$% 4"'*$!c% Clh ; "l aclara!"#$% r"#al Clr 

M&el% 'i%il()ic% &e aclaramient #e!"tic C%#+!&"ra#&% la !+!%l%,a &"l 4,a&% +" 4a# 'r%'("+$% l%+ +!,(!"#$"+ %&"l%+ !+!%l),!c%+ &" aclara!"#$% 4"'*$!c%>

M&el &el *compartimento bien agitado* E+$" %&"l% c%#+!&"ra al 4,a&% c%% (# $":!&% 4%%,9#"%. El 4,a&% "l!!#a "l *rac% a "&!&a /(" 9+$" a$ra3!"+a "l )r,a#% ; a+(" /(" la c%#c"#$rac!)# l!8r" &" *rac% "# +a#,r" a la +al!&a &"l 4,a&% "+ +!!lar a la c%#c"#$rac!)# l!8r" "# "l 4,a&% +(+c"'$!8l" &" +"r "$a8%l!7a&a % "-cr"$a&a "# la 8!l!+ ;a /(" la +a#,r" 'r%3"#!"#$" &" la ar$"r!a 4"'*$!ca % &" la 3"#a '%r$a +" +('%#"# '"r"c$a"#$" "7cla&a+ "# la+ +!#(+%!&"+ 4"'*$!ca+. E+ (# %&"l% +"#c!ll% ; $!l "# (c4%+ *rac%+.

M&el &e *tubos paralelos* El 4,a&% "+ c%#+!&"ra&% c%% (# c%#:(#$% &" ?tubos paralelos? !&9#$!c%+ "# l%+ c(al"+ la &!+$r!8(c!)# &" la+ "#7!a+ "+ 4%%,9#"a. La ac$!3!&a& "#7!*$!ca $%$al &"l 4,a&% "+ !,(al a la +(a &" la+ ac$!3!&a&"+ "#7!*$!ca+ !#&!3!&(al"+ &" ca&a $(8%. La ca#$!&a& &" *rac% /(" '"#"$ra "# "l 4,a&% "# (# %"#$% &a&% +" ("3" a $ra39+ &"l )r,a#% a 3"l%c!&a&"+ !,(al"+ ; c%#+$a#$"+ "# l%+ $(8%+ 'aral"l%+ ; a'ar"c" "# la +a#,r" "l("#$" al !+% $!"'%. E/(!3al" a 'r"&"c!r l% /(" 'a+ara "# (# +%l% $(8%.

M&el *distribuido* E+$" %&"l% c%#+$!$(;" (#a a'l!ac!)# &"l %&"l% &" $(8%+ 'aral"l%+ ; $ra$a &" c%#+!&"rar  la 4"$"r%,"#"!&a& "# la '"r(+!)# +a#,(#"a &" la+ +!#(+%!&"+ 4"'*$!ca+. S" c%#+!&"ra al 4,a&% c%% (# c%#:(#$% &" $(8%+ 'aral"l%+ % +!#(+%!&"+ &%#&" ca&a (#% &" "ll%+ r"c!8" (#a racc!)# &"l l(:% +a#,(#"% $%$al +%8r" la 8a+" &" la c(r3a &" &!+$r!8(c!)# "+$a&+$!ca. Var!a#$"+ &" "+$" %&"l% !#cl(;"# $a8!9# (#a &!+$r!8(c!)# "+$a&+$!ca &"l c%#$"#!&% "#7!*$!c% &"#$r% &" ca&a +!#(+%!&". E+ 8a+$a#$" *+ c%'l":% /(" l%+ a#$"r!%r"+ %&"l%+.

M&el &e *dispersión* E+$" %&"l% /(" r"al!7a +('%+!c!%#"+ +!!lar"+ a la+ &"l %&"l% a#$"r!%r c%#+!&"ra la "-!+$"#c!a &" (# l(:% #% !&"al &"#$r% &"l )r,a#% &"!#!&% c%% 'r%c"+% &" &!+'"r+!)#.

Factre% +,e m&i'ican el aclaramient #e!"tic D"+&" "l '(#$% &" 3!+$a !+!%l),!c% l%+ ac$%r"+ /(" %&!!ca# "l aclara!"#$% 4"'*$!c% &" (# *rac% '("&"# r"+(!r+" "# l%+ +!,(!"#$"+> 1. Fl(:% +a#,(#"% 4"'*$!c%. 2. F!:ac!)# a 'r%$"#a+ 'la+*$!ca+. @. Ac$!3!&a& "#7!*$!ca &" l%+ 4"'a$%c!$%+. .
E# la 'r*c$!ca +( !#l("#c!a r"la$!3a &"'"#&"r* &" /(" +" $ra$" &" *rac%+ c%# al$a % 8a:a ca'ac!&a& &" "-$racc!)#. La "l!!#ac!)# &" l%+ *rac%+ "&!a#$" 8!%$ra#+%rac!)# "+$* c%#&!c!%#a&a '%r la ac$!3!&a& "#7!*$!ca &" la+ c9l(la+ 4"'*$!ca+. U#a carac$"r+$!ca &" la+ r"acc!%#"+ "#7!*$!ca+ "+ la ca'ac!&a& &" +a$(rac!)# &"l +!+$"a. La ca'ac!&a& /(" $!"#" (# )r,a#%  'ara &"'(rar (# *rac% "# (#a +!$(ac!)# &%#&" #% 4a;a #!#,# $!'% &" r"+$r!cc!)# "# l% /(" c%#c!"r#" al l(:% ; a la (#!)# a 'r%$"#a+ +" c%#%c" c%% aclara!"#$% !#$r#+"c% Cl i. El Cl! &"'"#&" &"l c%"!c!"#$" &" r"'ar$% &"l *rac% "#$r" l% 4"'a$%c!$%+ ; la +a#,r" &"l $aa% &"l 4,a&% ; &" la ac$!3!&a& "#7!*$!ca &" l%+ 4"'a$%c!$%+.

       c     i     t     "        c     i    t     "    !    e     H        t    n    e     i    m    a    r    a     l    c     A

RESUMEN

   m    % ACLARAMIENTO DE    a     l UN FARMACO 3%l("# &" 'la+a /("     $ "l 4!,a&% '("&" &"'(rar &" (#a

+(+$a#c!a '%r (#!&a& &" 3%l("# &" +a#,r" % 'la+a /(" ca'ac!&a& &"&"$"r!#a&a (# )r,a#% $!"'%.  'ara "l!!#ar (# F*rac% "+ &"'(ra&% &" (#a +(+$a#c!a '%r "-'r"+a&a '%r "l #."r% &" (#!&a& &" $!"'% !l!l!$r%+ /(" "+" )r,a#% aclara

        t S" "-'r"+a   n "# !l!l!$r%+ '%r !#($% S" "-'r"+a "# l!$r%+=4%ra %    e !l!l!$r%+=!#($%     i

Aclaramient He!"tic

Aclaramient $la%m"tic

ca'ac!&a& &"l 45,a&% 'ara l!'!ar la +a#,r" % 'la+a

   m +" r"lac!%#a c%# la ca'ac!&a& 6(#c!%#al &"l !+% 'ara    a "l!!#arl% ; &"'"#&" &" 6ac$%r"+    r "-'(l+a#&% la +(+$a#c!a al $(8% 6!+!%l),!c%+ &!,"+$!3% a $ra39+ &" la 8!l!+    a  'ara (# 6*rac% /(" +" "l!!#" '%r     l 35a 4"'*$!ca ; r"#al1 +"r* la +(a    c "$a8%l!7*#&%la "&!a#$" &"l aclara!"#$% 4"'*$!c% 0 Clh2 ;     A

r"acc!%#"+ /(5!ca+

"l aclara!"#$% r"#al 0 Clr 2

M&el% 'i%il()ic% &e aclaramient #e!"tic

M&el &el

*compartimento bien agitado* M&el &e * tubos  paralelos*

M&el *distribuido*

  %   #   a  ,   r  )   l  "  a   +  "   !  3   a   r   $  a   "   $  +  9  "  (    /  a    &   !    &   "        a  %   c   a        r  *   6  l  "  a  #   !        !   l  "  %    &   a  ,   5  4   l   E .   C   %   "  #   9  ,   %        %   4  %    &   ! :  "   $  #   (  %        %   c  %    &   a  ,   5  4   l  a  a   r  "    &   !  +  #   %   c   C   a   "  #   9  ,   %        %   4  +  "  +  a        !  7  #   "  +  a   l  "    &  #   )   !  c  (   8   !  r   $  +   !    &  a   l   C   +  %   c   !   $  #   9    &   !  ?   s  o   l  e   l  a   r  a   p  s  o   b   u   t  ?   "    &  %   $  #   (  :  #   %   c  #   (  %        %   c  %    &   a   r  "    &   !  +  #   %   c  +  "  %    &   a  ,   5  4   l   E   C  .  +  a   c   !   $  *  '   "  4  +  "    &   !  %   +  (   #   !  +  +  a   l  "    &  a   "  #   5  (   ,   #   a   +   #   )   !  +  (   6   r  "  '  a   l  #   "   &   a    &   !  "  #   "  ,   %   r  "   $  "  4  a   l  a   r  "    &   !  +  #   %   c   C   +  %   l  "   l  a   r  a  '  +  %   8   (   $  "    &  %   l  "    &   %        l  "    &  #   )   !  c   a   !   l  '        a   C •

M&el &e *dispersión*

c%#+!&"ra la "-!+$"#c!a &" (# l(:% #% !&"al &"#$r% &"l )r,a#% &"!#!&% c%%  'r%c"+% &" &!+'"r+!)#.

Fl(:% +a#,(5#"% 4"'*$!c%.

F!:ac!)# a  'r%$"5#a+  'la+*$!ca+

COMENTARIO

Factre% +,e m&i'ican el aclaramient #e!"tic


Ac$!3!&a& "#7!*$!ca &" l%+ 4"'a$%c!$%+.

El aclara!"#$% &" (# F*rac% "+ (#&a"#$al "# "l "+$(&!% &" la arac%l%,a ;a /(" "+ la ca'ac!&a& &" (# )r,a#% 'ara "l!!#ar (# F*rac% "-'r"+a&a '%r "l #"r% &" !l!l!$r%+ "# (#a (#!&a& &" $!"'%. El aclara!"#$% 4"'*$!c% +" 3a a ll"3ar a ca8% "# 4,a&% ;a /(" "+$" )r,a#% 3a a l!'!ar la +a#,r" % 'la+a &" (# &"$"r!#a&% *rac% % "&!ca"#$%. El 4,a&% "l!!#a "&!ca"#$%+ "&!a#$" 2 %ra+> • •

E-'(l+a#&% la +(+$a#c!a al $(8% &!,"+$!3% a $ra39+ &" la 8!l!+ M"$a8%l!7*#&%la "&!a#$" r"acc!%#"+ /(!ca+

El aclara!"#$% 'la+*$!c%  "+ "l 3%l("# &" +a#,r" % 'la+a  /(" "+ &"'(ra&% &" (#a +(+$a#c!a '%r (#!&a& &" $!"'%. El aclara!"#$% 'la+*$!c% &" (# *rac% +" r"lac!%#a c%# la ca'ac!&a& (#c!%#al &" (# )r,a#% 'ara "l!!#ar (# "&!ca"#$% ; &"'"#&" &" ac$%r"+ !+!%l),!c%+

BIBLIOGRAFÍA •

•


V"la7/("7. 2005. Farmacología Básica Y Clínica. E&!$%r!al