AMPLIFICADOR BASE COMUN.doc

LABORATORIO 5

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARCOS

201 5

EL AMPLIFICADOR BASE COMUN 

ALUMNO: VALQUE VILCA CESAR JESUS.



CODIGO: 12190055.



PROFEZOR:



CURSO: LABOR LA BORA ATORIO DE CIRCUITOS ELECTRONICOS 1.

Miércoles 11 de noviembre del 2015

LABORATORIO DE CIRCUITOS ELECTRONICOS 1

Objetivo: construir un amplifcador base común y sus características de uncionamiento

0

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARCOS

201 5

EL AMPLIFICADOR EN BASE COMÚN OBJETIVO: Con!"#$" #n %&'($)*%+o" ,n -%, *o&n / *o&'"o-%" '"*!$*%&,n!, # *%"%*!,"!$*% ,(*!"$*% !%(, *o&o Z$3 Zo3 A4 / A$. BASE COMUN L% *on)#"%*$6n ,n -%, *o&n. E!% *on)#"%*$6n no '"o+#*, %n% %n%n* n*$% $% +, *o"" *o""$, $,n! n!,3 ,3 '," ',"o  +, (% !,n !,n$6 $6n n / %+,& %+,&  !$,n !$,n, , '"o'$,+%+, !$(, ,n %(!% 7",*#,n*$%.

En (% '"* '"*!$ !$*% *%33 (o (o 4%(o 4%(o"", +, (o (o '%" '%"&, &,!" !"o o no , o-!$ o-!$,n ,n,n ,n n,*, n,*,% %"$ "$%& %&,n ,n!, !, 'o" 'o" &,+$ &,+$o o +, (% (% ',n+ ',n+$, $,n! n!, , +, (% (% *#"4 *#"4% %.. F",*#,n!,&,n!, , #%n 4%(o", !%-#(%+o +, (o '%"&,!"o3 '%"% #n '#n!o +, o',"%*$6n +%+o. S, '#,+, o-,"4%" 8#, '%"% *%+% '%"&,!"o , +% #n 4%(o" *,n!"%( +, +$,o *o&o !%&-$n 4%(o", &$&o / &n$&o. Lo $n!,"4%(o +, 4%(o", '%"% *%+% '%"&,!"o $n+$*%n 8#, ,n (% '"*!$*% , "%;on%-(, <%*," %(#n% %'" %'"o$&% $&%**$on, $on,. . L% L% B%, o E&$o"?3 E&$o"?3 ',"o *on!$,n,n *on!$,n,n (% *#"4% *%"%*!,"! *%"%*!,"!$*% $*% ,!!$*% +, *o(,*!o" +, (% *on,$on, ,&$o" / -%, *o&n3 '%"% #n% !,&',"%!#"% %&-$,n!, +%+%. En n#,!"o n#,!"o *%o , ",%($;%"n ",%($;%"n !o+o !o+o (o *(*#(o *(*#(o %'o/n+o %'o/n+ono no ,n n#,!" n#,!"% % *#"4% *#"4% *%"%*!, *%"%*!," "!$* !$*% % +,( !"%n$ !"%n$!o" !o" % #!$($ #!$($;%" ;%" / *on (% *#"4% +, !"%n*on+#*!%n*$%. MODELO DEL AMPLIFICADOR EN B.C. A *on! *on!$n $n#%* #%*$6 $6n n , &o! &o!"%" "%"  ,( %&'( %&'($) $)*% *%+o +o"" ,n -%, -%, *o& *o&n: n: IMPLEMENTANDO IMPLEMENTANDO EL CIRCUITO NUMERO 1

LABORATORIO DE CIRCUITOS ELECTRONICOS 1

1

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARCOS

201 5

A
>Co"",'on+, %( %n($$ +, *$"*#$!o +, 'o(%"$;%*$6n 'o" +$4$o" +, 4o(!%=,.? A *on!$n#%*$6n , &o!"%" ,( *$"*#$!o ,8#$4%(,n!, +, CA

F$#"% @. C$"*#$!o ,8#$4%(,n!, +, C.A.

LABORATORIO DE CIRCUITOS ELECTRONICOS 1

2

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARCOS

201 5

F$#"% @.@ *$"*#$!o ,8#$4%(,n!, +,( %&'. B%, Co&n

+, CA

A *on!$n#%*$6n , &#,!"% (% ($!% +,( &%!,"$%( / ,8#$'o % #!$($;%" '%"% ,!% '"*!$*% − − − −

O*$(o*o'$o G,n,"%+o" +, ,%(, F#,n!, +, %($&,n!%*$6n V+* L% ($!% +, 4%(o", +, (o *o&'on,n!, >",$!,n*$% / *%'%*$!o",? 4%"$%" ",',*!o % (% *#"4% +,( !"%n$!o" !"%n$!o" 8#, , #!$($*, '%"% ",%($;%" ,!, %&'($)*%+o" >, ",*o&$,n+% #!$($;%" ,( !"%n$!o" 2N90@?.

EJEMPLO D$,%" #n %&'($)*%+o" ,n -%, *o&n *on #n !"%n$!o" 2N90@3 8#, *on!,n% (o *(*#(o +, (% $&',+%n*$% / %n%n*$% % *o&o ,( *(* *(*#( #(o o +, (o (o *%'%* *%'%*$! $!o" o", , '%"% '%"% ,( -#,n -#,n 7#n* 7#n*$o $on%& n%&$, $,n! n!o o +,( +,( %&'($)*%+o".

D,!,"&$n%" (o 4%(o", +, (o *o&'on,n!, '%"% ,( *$"*#$!o +, (% )#"% @.5. C%-, %*(%"%" 8#, '%"% 'o+," *%(*#(%" (o *o&'on,n!, % #!$($;%" ,n ,( *$"*#$!o +,-,&o ",%($;%" (o $#$,n!,: −

−

O-!,n," *on %/#+% +,( !"%;%+o" +, *#"4% (% 7%&$($% +, *#"4% *o"",'on+$,n!, %( !"%n$!o" % #!$($;%". #!$($;%".

I+,n!$)*%" ,n (% *#"4% (o 4%(o", I CQ3 VCEQ / <7, >4%, ,n (% )#"% @.?.

E(, E(,$" $",&o ,&o (% (% $# $#$, $,n! n!, , *on+ *on+$* $*$o $on, n, +, 'o(% 'o(%"$ "$;%* ;%*$6 $6n n '%"% '%"% ,( *$"*#$!o +, ,=,&'(o:  T"%n$!o"  T"%n$!o" 2N90@ RL  . "$  50 



LABORATORIO DE CIRCUITOS ELECTRONICOS 1



201 5

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARCOS

V**  124 ICQ  2.@&A VCEQ  V F  10; <7,  2@ VBE  0.4

F$#"% @.5 C$"*#$!o ,n -%, *o&n DESARROLLO S, +,*"$-$" ,( '"o*,+$&$,n!o '%"%: C%(*#(%" (o 4%(o", +, (o *o&'on,n!, 8#, 7o"&%"n ,( %&'($)*%+o" ,n -%, *o&n. C%(*#(%" (o '%"&,!"o '%"&, !"o +,( %&'($)*%+o". %&'($)*%+o". C%(*#(%" %+,& ,( 4%(o" &n$&o +, *%'%*$!%n*$% +, *%+% #no #no +, (o (o *%'% *%'%*$ *$!o !o", ", '%"% '%"% ,( -#,n -#,n 7#n* 7#n*$o $on%& n%&$, $,n! n!o o +,( %&'($)*%+o" ,n #n% 7",*#,n*$% +, 10;. −

− −

SOLUCIÓN: Co&o (% *on+$*$on, +, *.*. '%"% o-!,n," (o $#$,n!, '%"&,!"o on $#%(, 8#, ,n ,&$o" *o&n ,n!on*, !,n+",&o 8#,:

P%"% +,!,"&$n%" RE ",*o ",*o"+ "+%&o %&o 8#,

V  E  =

+$,o:  R E  =

V  E   I  EQ

=

V  E   I CQ

1(V CC  ) 10

'o" *on+$*$6n +,

= 2.7 k Ω

A
@

201 5

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARCOS

 RC  =

V  RC   I CQ

=

V CC −V CEQ − V  E   I CQ

= 2.2k Ω

Con <7, !,n+",&o (% ",$!,n*$% +, -%,:  R B =

1 10

β  R E  = 63.18k Ω

L% VBB , +,!,"&$n% 'o" (o !%n!o:  R  V  BB =  I CQ   B +  R E   + V  BE   β 



/ R1 ",#(!%" :  R1 =

 R B = 174k Ω V  BB

1−

V CC 

LABORATORIO DE CIRCUITOS ELECTRONICOS 1

5

201 5

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARCOS

!%&-$n R2 , o-!,n+" *on:  R2 =

V CC  V  BB

 R B = 98.6k Ω  ># 4%(o"

*o&,"*$%( ," +, 100



'%"% 'o+," *%(*#(%" n#,!"% Z$ !,n+",&o '"$&,"o 8#, +,!,"&$n%" <$,: hie = hfe

25mV    = 2500Ω  I CQ

C%(* C%(*#( #(%" %",& ,&o o (% $&', $&',+% +%n* n*$% $% +, ,n!" ,n!"%+ %+% % +,( +,( %&'( %&'($) $)*% *%+o +o"" +, (% $#$,n!, 7o"&%:

 Zi = hib =

hfe

hie 1 + hfe

=

V T   I CQ

1 + hfe

V T 

≈

 I CQ

≈ 10.63Ω

 Zi = hib  R E  ≈ hib

P%"% <7- / <$-: hfb =

− hfe = −.995 1 + hfe

hib =

hie 1 + hfe

= 10.6Ω

L% %n%n*$% +,( *$"*#$!o , o-!,n+" %:  Av =

V cb V eb

=

− (hfbie R2 ) − ie hib

% '%"!$" +, (o %n!,"$o":

 Av =

− hfbRc' hib

=

− hfe( R L ) − 1 + hfe hie

= + hfe

 RL ' hie

1 + hfe

+on+,:  Rc' =  Rc  R L

 AV   =

−

0.995 995(2.2k Ω 3.3k Ω) 10.6

LABORATORIO DE CIRCUITOS ELECTRONICOS 1



UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARCOS

201 5

A4 12.9

LABORATORIO DE CIRCUITOS ELECTRONICOS 1



201 5

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARCOS

A
,n!on*,: i L

=

ii

i  i   =  L  e   ie  ii    

−  Rc hfb  Rc +  R L

'o" (o !%n!o:

− ie ii

=

 R E   R E  + hib

+,-$+o % (o %n!,"$o" , !$,n,:  Ai

=

 RC  −  R E  (hfb) = −.3964  R E  + hib  RC  +  R2

Cálcul !" l# C$%$c&'("# Con (o $#$,n!, *(*#(o o-!,n+",&o ,( 4%(o" +, (o *%'%*$!o", 8#, ,"n +, "%n %/#+% '%"% n#,!"o %&'($)*%+o". %&'($)*%+o".

C%'%*$!o" C$:  RTH  = ri +  R E  / hib = 60.55

 Xci =

Ci =

1( RTH  ) 10 1 2π    fXCi

= 6.05Ω = 16 µ  F 

C%'%*$!o" Co: R T  RC H RL  5500





 Xco =

Co =

1 10

 RTH  = 550Ω

1 2π     fXco

= 28 .9nF 

LABORATORIO DE CIRCUITOS ELECTRONICOS 1



UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARCOS

201 5

C%'%*$!o" CB:  RTH  =  R B [ hie + (1 + hfe) ( ri + RE  ) ] =   11375  X CB =

1 10

RTH  = 1137 .5Ω

CB  1.9nF SE)UIDOR DE EMISOR

Un %&'($)*%+o" !%&-$n '#,+, #!$($;%" #n !"%n$!o" *on ,( *o(,*!o" *on, *on,*! *!%+ %+o o *o&o *o&o !," !,"&$n% &$n%(( *o& *o&n. n. E!, E!, *$" *$"*#$! *#$!o o , +,no +,no&$ &$n% n% ,n,"%( ,n,"%(&,n! &,n!, , *on ,( no&-" no&-", , +, ,&$o" ,&$o", ,#$+ #$+o"3 o"3 ,#"%& ,#"%&,n! ,n!, , 'o"8#, , %n(oo %( ,#$+o" *%!6+$*o +,( !#-o +, 4%*o. 4%*o. S, 'o+"% *",," 8#, ,( '"o*,+$&$,n!o +, %n($$ ,"$% ,( &$&o 8#, ,( ,#$+o '%"% (% *on,$on, ,n ,&$o" *o&n / ,n -%, *o&n3 ',"o ,!, no , ,( *%o. *%o. En ,!, *$"*#$ *$"*#$!o3 !o3 (% !,"&$n !,"&$n%( %( +, ,n!"%+% ,n!"%+% , ,( +, (% -%, -%, / (% !,"&$ !,"&$n% n%(( +, %($+% %($+% , ,( ,&$o ,&$o"". P%"% ,n*on ,n*on!" !"%" %" (o '%"&,!"o +,( %&'($)*%+o" +,( *o(,*!o" *o&n ")*%&,n!,3 , ",8#$,",n (% *#"4% *%"%*!,"!$*% +,( !"%n$!o" % #!$($;%". #!$($;%". L% *on) *on)# #"% "%*$ *$6n 6n ,n ,#$ ,#$+o +o"" +, ,&$ ,&$o" o" , *%"%* *%"%*!," !,"$; $;% % 'o" 'o" #n% #n% %n%n*$% %n%n*$% +, !,n$6n !,n$6n ($,"%&,n!, ($,"%&,n!, &,no" 8#, (% #n$+%+3 #n% ,(,4%+% ,(,4%+% $&',+%n* %n*$% +, ,n! ,n!"%+% %+% / #n% -%=% $&',+% ,+%n*$% +, %($+%. G,n,"%(&,n!, , #!$($;% *o&o !"%n7o"&%+o" +, $&',+%n*$% ,n (o *$"*#$!o +, ,n!"%+% / %($+% +, $!,&% $!,&% %&'($)*%+o",. %&'($)*%+o",. C#%n+o , $!% ,n ,( *$"*#$!o +, ,n!"%+%3 # ,(,4%+% $&',+%n*$% +, ,n!"%+% !"%+#*, !"%+#*, (% *%"% *%"% %'($*%+% %'($*%+% % (% 7#,n!, +, ,%(. ,%(. C#%n+o C#%n+o , $!% ,n ,( *$"*#$!o +, %($+% $"4, '%"% %$(%" +, (% *%"% (% ,!%'% '",*,+,n!, +,( %&'($)*%+o" / %+,&3 +% #n% -%=% $&',+%n*$% +, %($+%. MODELO DEL AMPLIFICADOR EN C.C. A *on!$n#%*$6n , &o!"%" ,( %&'($)*%+o" ,n , n *o(,*!o" *o&n:

LABORATORIO DE CIRCUITOS ELECTRONICOS 1

9

201 5

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARCOS

F$#"% @.. C$"*#$!o ,#$+o" +, ,&$o" A
F$#"% @. C$"*#$!o ,8#$4%(,n!, ,n CA I&',+%n*$% +, En!"%+% +,( %&'($)*%+o":  Zi = hie + ( I  + hfe ) R L ' R E 

I&',+%n*$% +, %($+% +,( %&'($)*%+o":  Zo =

r i + hie 1 + hfe

 R E 

+on+, "$"$RB

L% %n%n*$% +, 4o(!%=, , +,!,"&$n% 'o":  Av

=

V CC  V bC 

 Av =

=

ib (1 + hfe) R L ' ib [ hie + (1 + hfe) R L ']

1 + hfe( R L ' ) hie + (1 + hf  ) R L '

G,n,"%(&,n!, <$-KK RL 'o" (o !%n!o:

=

 R L ' hib +  R L '

A4

G%n%n*$% +, *o""$,n!, ,n ,( !"%n$!o": LABORATORIO DE CIRCUITOS ELECTRONICOS 1

10

201 5

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARCOS

 Ai =

ie

=

ib (1 + hfe)

ib

ib

En!on*,: A$  1H<7, G%n%n*$% +, *o""$,n!, +,( %&'($)*%+o":  Ai =

i L

=

ii

i L ie ib ib ib ii

% ",#(!%" 8#: i L ie

=

 R E 

;

ie

 R E  +  R L ib

= 1 + hfe

/ !%&-$n !,n+",&o 8#: i L ie

=

 R E 

;

ie

 R E  +  R L ib

= 1 + hfe

A (% %n%n*$% +, *o""$,n!, ,!%" +%+% 'o":  Ai =

 R E   R E  +  R L



   hie + (1 + hfe) R L '+ R B 

(1 + hfe) 

 R B

A *on!$n#%*$6n , &#,!"% #n% ($!% +,( &%!,"$%( / ,8#$'o % #!$($;%" ,n ,!% '"*!$*%: − − −

O*$(o*o'$o. G,n,"%+o" +, ,%(,. F#,n!, +, %($&,n!%*$6n V+*.

LABORATORIO DE CIRCUITOS ELECTRONICOS 1

11

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARCOS

−

201 5

L% ($!% +, 4%(o", +, (o *o&'on,n!, >",$!,n*$% / *%'%*$!o",? 4%"$%" ",',*!o % (% *#"4% +,( !"%n$!o" !"%n$!o" 8#, , #!$($*, '%"% ",%($;%" ,!, %&'($)*%+o" >, ",*o&$,n+% #!$($;%" ,( !"%n$!o" 2N90@?.

EJEMPLO D$, D$,% %"" #n %&'( %&'($) $)*% *%+o +o"" ,n *o(, *o(,*! *!o" o" *o& *o&n n *on *on #n !"%n !"%n$ $! !o" o" 2N90@3 8#, *on!,n% (o *(*#(o +, (% $&',+%n*$% / %n%n*$% % *o&o ( *(*#(o +, (o *%'%*$!o", *%'%*$!o", '%"% ,( -#,n 7#n*$on%&$ 7#n*$on%&$,n!o ,n!o +,( %&'($)*%+o".

D,!,"&$n%" (o 4%(o", +, (o *o&'on,n!, '%"% ,( *$"*#$!o +, (% )#"% @.9. C%-, %*(%"%" 8#, '%"% 'o+," *%(*#(%" (o *o&'on,n!, % #!$($;%" ,n ,( *$"*#$!o +,-,&o ",%($;%" (o $#$,n!,: −

−

O-!,n," *on %/#+% +,( !"%;%+o" +, *#"4% (% 7%&$($% +, *#"4% *o"",'on+$,n!, %( !"%n$!o" % #!$($;%". #!$($;%". I+,n!$)*%" ,n (% *#"4% (o 4%(o", I CQ3 VCEQ / <7, >4%, ,n (% )#"% @.10?.

E(, E(,$" $",&o ,&o (% (% $# $#$, $,n! n!, , *on+ *on+$* $*$o $on, n, +, 'o(% 'o(%"$ "$;%* ;%*$6 $6n n '%"% '%"% ,( *$"*#$!o +, ,=,&'(o:  T"%n$!o"  T"%n$!o" 2N90@ RL  . "$  50 V**  124 ICQ  2.2&A VCEQ  V F  10; <7,  22 VBE  0.4 



En ,#$+% , &#,!"% ,( *$"*#$!o %&'($)*%+o" ,n *o(,*!o" *o&n:

LABORATORIO DE CIRCUITOS ELECTRONICOS 1

12

201 5

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARCOS

F$#"% @.9 C$"*#$!o %&'($)*%+o" *o(,*!o" *o&n DESARROLLO S, +,*"$-$" ,( '"o*,+$&$,n!o '%"%: C%(*#(%" (o 4%(o", +, (o *o&'on,n!, 8#, 7o"&%"n ,( %&'($)*%+o" ,n *o(,*!o" *o&n. C%(*#(%" (o '%"&,!"o '%"&, !"o +,( %&'($)*%+o". %&'($)*%+o". C%(*#(%" %+,& ,( 4%(o" &n$&o +, *%'%*$!%n*$% +, *%+% #no #no +, (o (o *%'% *%'%*$ *$!o !o", ", '%"% '%"% ,( -#,n -#,n 7#n* 7#n*$o $on%& n%&$, $,n! n!o o +,( %&'($)*%+o" ,n #n% 7",*#,n*$% +, 10;. −

− −

Sluc&*+: Co&o (% *on+$*$on, +, *.*. '%"% o-!,n," (o $#$,n!, '%"&,!"o on $#%(, 8#, ,n ,&$o" *o&n ,n!on*, !,n+",&o 8#,:

VCEQ  4 ,n!on*, VRE4  R E  =

V  RE 

≈

 I  EQ

V  RE   I CQ

= 2.6k Ω

Con ,!o +,+#*$",&o 8#, RB ,:  R B =

1 10

β  R E  = 60 k Ω

Po" (o !%n!o *on R B / RE o-!,n+",&o V  EE  =  I CQ ( R E  / β  +  R E  ) + V  BE  = 7.296v

A
 R B = 153k Ω V  BB

1−

V CC 

En!on*,: LABORATORIO DE CIRCUITOS ELECTRONICOS 1

1

201 5

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARCOS

 R2 =

V CC  ( R B ) V  BB

= 98.67 K Ω

P%"% ( *(*#(o +, (% $&',+%n*$% +, ,n!"%+% , o-!,n+": hie =

hfe( 25mV )  I CQ

= 2.5k Ω

 %  % *on ,!o 'o+",&o *%(*#(%" (% Z$:  Zi = hib =

hie

1 + hfe

= 10.9Ω

Po" (o !%n!o (% Zo ,":  Zo =

ri  RB + hie 1 + hfe

= 11.13Ω

  (% %n%n*$% +, 4o(!%=, ,:  Av =

 R L hib +  R L '

=

 R E   R L hib +  R E   R L

=

6k Ω 3.3k Ω 25 + (6.6k Ω 3.3k Ω)

= .992

C(*#(o +,( *%'%*$!o" C$:  RTH  = ri +  Zi = 60.91k Ω  Xci = 1 Ci =

 RTH  = 6.09k Ω

1 = 2.61nF  2π     fXCi

C(*#(o +,( *%'%*$!o" Co:  RTH  =  Zo +  R L = 3311Ω

 Xco = 1  RTH  = 331.1Ω Co =

1 = 48nF    fXCo 2π  

LABORATORIO DE CIRCUITOS ELECTRONICOS 1

1@

201 5

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARCOS

TABLA DE PAR,METROS M,S IMPORTANTES DE LAS TRES CONFI)URACIONES CONFI)URACIONES B,SICAS.

E&$o" *o&n G%n%n*$% I&',+%n*$% +, ,n!"%+% I&',+%n*$% +, %($+%

A$

CONFIGURACIN S,#$+o" +, ,&$o"

<7,

A4



25 * 10 −3 ) hfe ( hie =  I  EQ

1 10

〉10 4



B%, *o&n  Ai = − hfb =

 Zi = hie + (hfe + 1) Re

 Zo = hib +

hib =

ri '

1

hfe + 1

hob

=

− hfe 1 + hfe

hie 1 + hfe

 1 + hfe

hoe

C$"*#$!o ,8#$4%(,n!, & ,n*$((o

ESTABILIDAD DE POLARIZACION: -. ESTABILIDAD S, ,n*%"% +, &,+$" (% ,n$-$($+%+ +, #n% ",+ % (% 4%"$%*$6n +, # '%"& '%"&,! ,!"o "o ,n *#%( *#%(8# 8#$, $,"" %&'( %&'($) $)*% *%+o" +o" 8#, 8#, ,&'( ,&'(,% ,% #n !"%n !"%n$ $! !o" o" (% *o" *o""$,n "$,n!, !, +,( +,( *o(,* o(,*!o !o"" I* ,n ,n$$-((, % *%+ *%+% #no #no +, (o $# $#$$,n! ,n!, '%"&,!"o: •

: , $n*",&,n!% *on ,( $n*",&,n!o +, (% !,&',"%!#"%.

LABORATORIO DE CIRCUITOS ELECTRONICOS 1

15

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARCOS

•

•

201 5

VBE: , ",+# ",+#*, *, %'"o %'"o$ $&%+ &%+%&, %&,n! n!, , 2.5& 2.5&V V 'o" 'o" "%+o "%+o C,( C,($# $# +, $n*",&,n!o +, (% !,&',"%!#"%. I

LABORATORIO DE CIRCUITOS ELECTRONICOS 1

1