PROPUESTA PARA VIRTUALIZAR ACTIVIDADES LÚDICAS COMO APOYO AL LABORATORIO DE INGENIERÍA INDUSTRIAL DE LA UNIDAD CENTRAL DEL VALLE DEL CAUCA
WILMER ALEXANDER VINASCO CASTAÑO CASTAÑO MANUEL ALEJANDRO ORDOÑEZ CASTRO
UNIDAD CENTRAL DEL VALLE DEL CAUCA FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍAS INGENIERÍA INDUSTRIAL INGENIERÍA DE SISTEMAS TULUÁ - VALLE DEL CAUCA 20!
PROPUESTA PARA VIRTUALIZAR ACTIVIDADES LÚDICAS COMO APOYO AL LABORATORIO DE INGENIERÍA INDUSTRIAL DE LA UNIDAD CENTRAL DEL VALLE DEL CAUCA
WILMER ALEXANDER VINASCO CASTAÑO CASTAÑO MANUEL ALEJANDRO ORDOÑEZ CASTRO
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UNIDAD CENTRAL DEL VALLE DEL CAUCA FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍAS INGENIERÍA INDUSTRIAL INGENIERÍA DE SISTEMAS TULUÁ - VALLE DEL CAUCA 20!
CONTENIDO
pág. INTRODUCCIN111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111112 1 DEFINICIN DEL PROBLEMA111111111111111 PROBLEMA111111111111111111111111 111111111111111111 111111111111111111 11111111111111111 111111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111111111 1 DESCRIPCIN DEL PROBLEMA11111111111111111 PROBLEMA1111111111111111111111111 11111111111111111 111111111111111111 111111111111111111 1111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111 12 FORMULACIN DEL PROBLEMA1111111111111111111111 PROBLEMA1111111111111111111111111111111 111111111111111111 111111111111111111111111111111111113 111111111111111111111111113 21 JUSTIFICACIN111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111114 !1 OBJETIVOS1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111115 !1 OBJETIVO OBJETIV O GENERAL111111111111111111 GENERAL 1111111111111111111111111111111111111 11111111111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111111111111111111111 11111111111111111111111111 1111111111115 11115 !12 OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS111111111111111111111 ESPECÍFICOS111111111111111111111111111111 111111111111111111 111111111111111111 11111111111111111111111111111111111115 11111111111111111111111111115 1 MARCO REFERENCIAL111111111111111 REFERENCIAL111111111111111111111111 111111111111111111 111111111111111111 111111111111111111 11111111111111111 11111111111111111111111111111111116 111111111111111111111111116 1 MARCO TERICO1111111111111 TERICO1111111111111111111111 111111111111111111 111111111111111111 111111111111111111 11111111111111111 11111111111111111 11111111111111111111111111111111116 11111111111111111111111116 11 T(&"7#. '*'8+,*+#. 9 '( #:"('*;#%(11111111111111111111111 #:"('*;#%(11111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111111111111111111111116 1111111111111111111111111111116 111 C&)*,*<*./&1111111111111111 C&)*,*<*./&1111111111111111111111111 111111111111111111 111111111111111111 111111111111111111 11111111111111111 11111111111111111 111111111111111111111111111111111116 111111111111111111111111116 1112 C&'=+,*./&11111111111111111 C&'=+,*./&11111111111111111111111111 111111111111111111 111111111111111111 11111111111111111 11111111111111111 111111111111111111 111111111111111111 111111111111111111111111120 111111111111111120 111! R('=++*&*./&1111111111111111111 R('=++*&*./&1111111111111111111111111111 11111111111111111 11111111111111111 111111111111111111 111111111111111111 111111111111111111111111111111111111122 111111111111111111111111111122 111 C&.,"=+,*<*./&111111111111111111 C&.,"=+,*<*./&111111111111111111111111111 11111111111111111 11111111111111111 111111111111111111 111111111111111111 111111111111111111111111111111111111122 111111111111111111111111111122 112 M(,&'&>&)7#. '( #:"('*;#%(11111111111111111111 #:"('*;#%(11111111111111111111111111111 111111111111111111 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111123 111111111111111111111111111111111123
1121 A:"('*;#%( $#.#'& ( :"&$>(/#. ?ABP@1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111124 11212 A:"('*;#%( #+,*<&111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111!0 1121! A:"('*;#%( .*)**+#,*<&11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111!2 1121 A:"('*;#%( <*",=#> ?E-learning @111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111! 11! D*.(& *.,"=++*&#> ?DI@1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111!4 11!1 M&'(>&. '( '*.(& *.,"=++*&#>1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111!6 11!11 M&'(>& '( G#)111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111! 11!112 M&'(>& '( G#) 9 B"*)).11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111110 11!11! M&'(>& ASSURE1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 11!11 M&'(>& '( D*+ 9 C#"(911111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 11!113 M&'(>& '( J&#..(11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111114 11!114 M&'(>& ADDIE111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111116 11 L'*+# +&/& (""#/*(,# '( #:"('*;#%(11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 12 MARCO CONCEPTUAL1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111132 1! MARCO ESPACIAL11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111133 1!1 U*'#' C(,"#> '(> V#>>( '(> C#=+# ?UCEVA@1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111133 1!12 G"=:& '( E.,='*& ( I<(.,*)#+*H '( ># P"&'=++*H ?GEIPRO@1111111111111111111136 1 MARCO ISTRICO1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111113 13 MARCO TECNOLGICO1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111114
131 Moodle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ÑO METODOLGICO1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111154 41 OPERACIONALIZACIN DE LOS OBJETIVOS11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111154 412 TIPO DE ESTUDIO11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111156 41! FUENTES DE INFORMACIN11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111156 41!1 F=(,(. :"*/#"*#.11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111156 41!12 F=(,(. .(+='#"*#.111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111156 51 EJECUTORES Y COLABORADORES1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111115
61 RECURSOS DISPONIBLES111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111160 1 CRONOGRAMA DE ACTIVIDADES11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111116 BIBLIOGRAFÍA111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111116!
LISTA DE CUADROS pág. C=#'"& 1 D*("(+*#. (,"( (> #:"('*;#%( +&<(+*&#> 9 (> ABP111111111111111111111111126 C=#'"& 21 D*.(& /(,&'&>H)*+& '(> (.,='*&11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111154 C=#'"& !1 E%(+=,&"(. '(> (.,='*&11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111115 C=#'"& 1 C&>#$&"#'&"(. '(> (.,='*&11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111115 C=#'"& 31 R(+=".&. '*.:&*$>(.11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111160 C=#'"& 41 C"&&)"#/# '( #+,*<*'#'(.111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111116
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!. DEFINICIÓN DEL PROBLEMA !.! DESCRIPCIÓ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
!." FORMULACIÓN DEL PROBLEMA E> "(.=>,#'& '( (.,( ,"#$#%& '( )"#'& .("8 "(.:&'(" (> .*)=*(,( *,(""&)#,(Q ¿De qué manera generar una propuesta de virtualización de las actividades lúdicas desde el grupo GEIPR! de tal "orma que se pueda "acilitar el proceso de ense#anza-aprendiza$e % ser co&erente con la evolución &acia una educación virtual'
3
". JUSTIFICACIÓN E> :"*+*:#> $((*+*#"*& +& >&. "(.=>,#'&. '( (.,( ,"#$#%& '( )"#'& 9 .= */:>(/(,#+*H .("8 (> >#$&"#,&"*& '( I)(*("7# I'=.,"*#> 9 (> )"=:& GEIPRO 9# =( >#. #+,*<*'#'(. >'*+#. ,*(( /=+# */:&",#+*# '(,"& '(> :"&+(.& '( #:"('*;#%( +&/& I)(*("&. I'=.,"*#>(. :&"=( #$&"'# ,(/#. ,"/*&. 9 +&+(:,&. :"&:*&. '( >#. #.*)#,="#. =( .( *>=.,"# ( +#'# =# '( >#. (>>#.1 A>)=&. '( >&. $((*+*&. #> &"(+(" = '(.#""&>>& '( >#. #+,*<*'#'(. >'*+#. '( /#("# <*",=#> .( :"(.(,# # +&,*=#+*HQ [ A+&)*'# '( = /("& /#9&" '( :#",*+*:#,(. ( ># >'*+# :"(.(+*#> .&>#/(,( .( :=('( ,"#$#%#" +& )"=:&. '( 20 #.,# !0 :#",*+*:#,(. /*(,"#. =( +& =# /(,&'&>&)7# <*",=#> .( :=('( #$#"+#" = /#9&" /("& '( :(".&#.1 [ S( :=('( #+*>*,#" ># :"&='*;#+*H '( =& & <#"*&. +&+(:,&. ( (> :"&+(.& '( (.(#;# ( (> .#>H '( +>#.(. (.,& #+*>*,# ># >#$&" '(> '&+(,(1 E &,"#. :#>#$"#. +&/:>(/(,# (> :"&+(.& '( (.(#;#-#:"('*;#%(1 [ E> ,*(/:& '( (%(+=+*H :=('( '*./*=*" (.,& .* .( :=('( >>()#" # &:,*/*;#" & # /**/*;#"1 L# ('=+#+*H <*",=#> &"(+( #'(/8. '(,("/*#'#. <(,#%#. =( ,"#( +&.*)& "(.=>,#'&. :&.*,*<&.1 L# :&.*$*>*'#' '( #'#:,#" >#. >'*+#. '(> )"=:& GEIPRO # =# <(".*H <*",=#> :&'"7# #+*>*,#" #>)=&. #.:(+,&. +&/& (> #+&:>#/*(,& '(> ,*(/:& 9 >#. (+(.*'#'(. '(> (.,='*#,( #+*>*,# (> /#(%& '( ># *&"/#+*H 9 >&. ,(/#. =( .( '(.(# ,"#,#"1 E. */:&",#,( '(.,#+#" =( (> =.& '( ># ('=+#+*H <*",=#> (.,8 ( = +&.,#,( +"(+*/*(,& 9 (. =# /(,&'&>&)7# =,*>*;#'# :&" (.,='*#,(. 9 '&+(,(. =( '(.(# *+=".*&#" ( (> /='& ,(+&>H)*+& (> +=#> (. :"('&/*#,( ( /#9&"7# '( >#. *.,*,=+*&(. 9 +(,"&. ('=+#,*<&.1 A ,"#<. '( ># <*",=#>*;#+*H '( >#. >'*+#. '( GEIPRO .( :=('( /(%&"#" ># +&,*=*'#' # >&. :"&+(.&. '( (.(#;#-#:"('*;#%( ( (> :"&)"#/# '( I)(*("7# I'=.,"*#>1 E. */:&",#,( "(.+#,#" (> ,"#$#%& "(#>*;#'& :&" (> )"=:& '( *<(.,*)#+*H P*&("&. I\D :(",((+*(,( #> :"&)"#/# '( I)(*("7# '( S*.,(/#. '( ># U*'#' C(,"#> '(> V#>>( '(> C#=+# =*((. .( (+#")# '( >*'("#" >&. :"&9(+,&. '( *<(.,*)#+*H ( (.( :"&)"#/# '( ># #+=>,#' '( I)(*("7#1 E.,( :"&9(+,& +&.,*,=9( = ,"#$#%& *,("'*.+*:>*#"*& (,"( '&. :"&)"#/#. #+#'/*+&. +& (> * '( *&<#" 9 .#+#" (> /(%&" :"&<(+& '( >#. (""#/*(,#. ,(+&>H)*+#. 9 '( >&. (.:#+*&. =( ># =*<(".*'#' $"*'# :#"# .#+#" #'(>#,( :"&9(+,&. =( +&.,*,=9( :=,&. '( :#",*'# :#"# &",#>(+(" ># *<(.,*)#+*H &"/#,*<# 9 +*(,7*+# ( #/$&. :"&)"#/#. #+#'/*+&.1
4
#. OBJETIVOS #.! OBJETIVO GENERAL G(("#" =# :"&:=(.,# '( <*",=#>*;#+*H '( >#. #+,*<*'#'(. >'*+#. '(.'( GEIPRO +&/& #:&9& #> >#$&"#,&"*& '( I)(*("7# I'=.,"*#> '( ># U*'#' C(,"#> '(> V#>>( '(> C#=+#1
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
5
%. MARCO REFERENCIAL %.! MARCO TEÓRICO %.!.! T&'()*+ ,,á/*+ 0 ,& *p(&1,2*3& A ,"#<. '(> ,*(/:& # .=")*'& '*("(,(. &"*(,#+*&(. 9 ,(&"7#. '( #:"('*;#%( '( ># ('=+#+*H =( .( +&.&>*'#"& "8:*'#/(,( +& (> * '( *>=(+*#" ( /#9&" & /(&" /('*'# >#. ,('(+*#. :('#)H)*+#. 9 '*'8+,*+#. 9# (*.,(,(. ( (.( (,&+(.1 E,"( >#. /8. */:&",#,(. 9 >#. =( .( <# (:>*+#" # +&,*=#+*H .( (+=(,"# (> C&)*,*<*./& C&'=+,*./& R('=++*&*./& 9 C&.,"=+,*<*./& #==( ( ># #+,=#>*'#' (*.,( /=+#. /8.1
%.!.!.! C'g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
6
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
22
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`@1 S( ,*(( =( #$#'&#" ># +&+(:+*H '( =( (> +&&+*/*(,& .( )(("# # :#",*" '( ># (:("*(+*# ?^:"8+,*+#@ =( ># *+# (:("*(+*# <8>*'# (. ># (/:7"*+# 9 =( (> +&&+*/*(,& (. = (+#'(#/*(,& 4REDUCCIONISMO1 E L7(# 200!1 5 J= 20!1 D*.:&*$>( ( ># W($Q ,,:Q:>#,(#1:,*+1/(+1(.a%'(>=+#."('=++*&*./&1,/
5 BARRIGA ARCEO F"*'# D7#; 9 ERNÁNDES ROJAS G("#"'&1 D&+(,( '(> S*)>& XXI1 CH/& '(.#""&>>#" =# :"8+,*+# '&+(,( +&/:(,*,*<#1 E.,"#,()*#. '&+(,(. :#"# = #:"('*;#%( .*)**+#,*<&1 B&)&,8 D1C1Q M+G"#-*>> 2001 :1 1 ISBN 36--064-21
6 CARRETERO M#"*&1 ^b= (. (> C&.,"=+,*<*./& M*+& D1F1Q E'*,&"*#> P"&)"(.& 51 :1 21
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TAMAYO A>&.&1 T('(+*#. '( ># P('#)&)7# ( C&>&/$*#1 B&)&,8 D1C1 1 : 21
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F6&1/&: CÁVEZ RODRÍGUEZ J=.,& A1 DELER FERRERA G=.,#<& 9 SUÁREZ LORENZO A/:#"&1 P"*+*:#>(. +&""*(,(. 9 ,('(+*#. # **+*&. '(> .*)>& XXI '( ># P('#)&)7# 9 ># D*'8+,*+#1 C*='#' '( L# #$##Q I.,*,=,& C(,"#> '( C*(+*#. P('#)H)*+#. 20061 :1 1
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
23
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3
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32
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%." MARCO CONCEPTUAL C& (> 8*/& '( '#" +>#"*'#' 9 /#9&" &$%(,*<*'#' .&$"( (> ,(/# =( .( <# # '(.#""&>>#" ( (> :"&9(+,& .( #+( (+(.#"*& +&&+(" #>)=&. +&+(:,&. "(>#+*&#'&. +& (> :"&+(.& '( <*",=#>*;#+*H :#.&. # .()=*" 9 &,"&. ,(/#. '( *,(". =( #9='#"8 # =# /(%&" +&/:"(.*H :&" :#",( '(> >(+,&"1 E> :"&9(+,& 9 .= */:>(/(,#+*H .("8 :#"# (> $((*+*& '( >&. (.,='*#,(. :"&(.&"(. 9 '(/8. +&/=*'#' #+#'/*+# '( ># @nidad ;entral del Aalle del ;auca 9 /8. (.:(+7*+#/(,( :#"# (> :"&)"#/# '( Ingenier5a Industrial =( +=(,# +& = .(/*>>("& '( *<(.,*)#+*H >>#/#'& GEIPR +"(#'& ( (> #& 2005 9 =( .=")( :&" ># (+(.*'#' '( >>(<#" >&. +&+(:,&. ,(H"*+&. <*.,&. ( +>#.( # :"8+,*+#. '( >#$&"#,&"*& =( #+*>*,# (> +&&+*/*(,&1 E.,#. :"8+,*+#. .& '(&/*#'#. lúdicas 9 .*"<( :"*+*:#>/(,( +&/& (""#/*(,# :#"# &/(,#" (> aprendiza$e activo ( >&. (.,='*#,(.1 V*.,& '(.'( (> :=,& '( <*.,# '( >#. ,(&"7#. '*'8+,*+#. 9 '( #:"('*;#%( ( ># "(#>*;#+*H '( =# :"8+,*+# '( >#$&"#,&"*& ( GEIPR :#"# (.,( :"&9(+,& .( #:>*+# (> constructivismo =( :"&:&( ># (+(.*'#' '( '*.:&(" '( +*(",#. (""#/*(,#. :('#)H)*+#. 9 '*'8+,*+#. :#"# =( >&. (.,='*#,(. +&.,"=9# .=
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;. REVISIÓN DEL ESTADO DEL ARTE T)/67': Ca comunicación % la estética en los procesos de virtualización0 A6/'(9&+: ;&ristian elipe Cizarralde Gómez! (na Mar5a Cópez Ro$as0 A@': 3**0 R&+65&1: Pensar la comunicación en los conte
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T)/67': Airtualización de los semilleros de investigación) acaso un modelo de continuidad0
A6/'(9&+: Eduardo Navid ;orpas-Iguar1n0 A@': 3*0 R&+65&1: Cos semilleros de investigación "ungen como una iniciativa conce2ida con el propósito de coad%uvar al rompimiento de paradigmas de apre&ensión del conocimiento! soportados en un modelo intangi2le de discernimiento que supere el desa2rido método de aprendiza$e tradicional en el aula0 Ca idea es que ese conocimiento trascienda &acia percepciones cr5ticas trans"ormantes del entorno! 2a$o un espacio autónomo que aporte &erramientas para que el ente en "ormación logre una verdadera apropiación de competencias! en esencia cient5"icas! pero con criterio ético % compromiso social0 Bal concepción! sin em2argo! podr5a perci2irse locuaz! e incluso meta"órica al contraste de una realidad puramente vers1til! en la que el neó"ito no sólo pretende saciarse del "ruto del conocimiento! sino que adem1s requiere que se esgriman estrategias apropiadas de apre&ensión para alcanzarlo0 ?urge entonces! a partir de la entelequia "ormativa! el uso de &erramientas tecnológicas "undamentadas en los am2ientes virtuales de aprendiza$e! en aras de potenciar la motivación como alternativa "rente al desen"oque de perspectivas % la incipiente actividad dentro de algunos prototipos de semilleros! de actitud encallada! que en ocasiones no distan del modelo magistral0
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T)/67': Procesos de virtualización de la estética0 A6/'(9&+: ;&ristian elipe Cizarralde Gómez0 A@': 3+0 R&+65&1: El siguiente art5culo surge a partir del marco teórico propuesto para la investigación en Estética Digital! inscrita en el grupo de investigación ;;@E? 9;omunicación ;ultura % Estética: del programa de ;omunicación ?ocial Periodismo de la @niversidad ;atólica Popular del Risaralda! % en la Maestr5a en Educación Multimedia de la @niversidad de ;aldas0 Dic&a propuesta teórica &ace un recorrido por los conceptos que "undan la estética de los medios digitales! % adem1s estudia los "enómenos que con"iguran las nuevas "ormas de representación sim2ólicas % de producción de sentido! que dan lugar a la corriente estética denominada Media art! una nueva postura medi1tica % tecnológica cu%as caracter5sticas est1n enmarcadas en importantes categor5as como) los procesos de virtualización! la interactividad! la participación! la estructura in"ormativa % la retroalimentación constante entre productores % audiencias0
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T)/67': Cos sistemas virtuales) una alternativa estratégica para organizar la actividad económica0
A6/'(9&+: ernando E0 Garc5a Mui#a! Eva Pelec&ano Jara&ona! Isa2el ?oriano Pinar0
A@': 3,0 R&+65&1: El entorno competitivo actual as5 como el desarrollo de las tecnolog5as de la in"ormación % las comunicaciones &an provocado que las empresas se planteen la idoneidad de e
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T)/67': @na solución para la e"iciencia! seguridad % administración de Intranets0 A6/'(9&+: Diego Mart5n! Mónica Marrero! Nuli1n @r2ano! Eduardo Jarra! Nosé (ntonio Moreiro Gonz1lez0
A@': 3**0 R&+65&1: Ca virtualización es una tecnolog5a que permite a2straer la parte so"tHare de una computadora % desplegarla "1cilmente en otra donde puede &a2er al2ergadas m1s m1quinas virtualizadas0 Este mecanismo nos permite alo$ar m1s de una computadora virtual en una computadora "5sica0 @na intranet est1 "ormada por un con$unto de computadoras que "uncionan como servidores % que en la ma%or parte de los casos est1n in"rautilizadas0 ?e muestra la virtualización como una &erramienta que nos a%uda a tener una intranet m1s e"iciente al reducir el número de computadoras en ella6 m1s segura porque permite la realización de copias de seguridad de "orma automatizada % m1s "1cil de administrar porque centralizamos nuestros servicios en unos pocos servidores0 Bodo esto &ace que la virtualización nos permita a&orrar en &ardHare! electricidad % mantenimiento0
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T)/67': Modelos de dise#o instruccional utilizados en am2ientes tele"ormativos0 A6/'(9&+: Pa2lo ;ésar Mu#oz ;arril0 A@': 3*0 R&+65&1: El presente art5culo se enmarca en un estudio transversal de car1cter descriptivo! cu%o o2$etivo nuclear se centra en o2tener in"ormación relevante re"erida al pro"esorado de la @niversidad de la ;oru#a que utiliza sistemas de elearning en su pr1ctica docente0 En concreto! el art5culo pretende dar a conocer la in"ormación recopilada en la primera "ase de la mencionada investigación 9"ase inicial:! en la cual se &a procedido a realizar una revisión de la literatura cient5"ica mediante an1lisis documental! acerca de los principales modelos de dise#o instruccional utilizados en am2ientes de ense#anza-aprendiza$e 2a$o entornos virtuales0 En este sentido! el tra2a$o que presentamos analiza las caracter5sticas "undamentales de cinco tipos di"erentes de modelos instruccionales! as5 como la importancia que implica su uso docente en el dise#o de materiales % cursos online0 El art5culo trata de e
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T)/67': Dise#o instruccional) o"icio! "ase % proceso0 A6/'(9&+: (ndrés ;&iappe Caverde0 A@': 3/0 R&+65&1: El art5culo presenta una re"le
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ADEVA A#1 COMPUTING E L7(#1 6 '( #$"*> 202 '( %=>*& '( 20!1 D*.:&*$>( ( ># W($Q ,,:Q1+&/:=,*)1(.*"#(.,"=+,="#.(+=(,"&.033560060<*",=#>*;#+* &-:"*/("-:#.&-=$(11,/> A:"('*;#%( #+,*<& - S,='9 G=*'(. #' S,"#,()*(.1 E L7(# 2021 6 J= 20!1 D*.:&*$>( ( ># W($Q ,,:Q1.,='9).1(,(.:#&>#+,*<(>(#"1,/ A:"('*;#%( <*",=#> B((*+*&. '( ># ,(+&>&)7# ( (> +#/:& ('=+#,*<&1 E L7(# 2001 4 J= 20!1 D*.:&*$>( ( ># W($Q ,,:Q1(>(#"*)&".&:.1+&//&'=>(.1:: #/(N(.*>(#",*+>(.*'2! AUSUBEL D#<*' P#=> NOVAd J&.(: D&#>' 9 ANESIAN (>(1 P.*+&>&)7# E'=+#,*<#Q U :=,& '( <*.,# +&)&.+*,*<&1 2 ('1 E'1 T"*>>#.1 M*+& 6!1 BARRIGA ARCEO F"*'# D7#; 9 ERNÁNDES ROJAS G("#"'&1 D&+(,( '(> S*)>& XXI1 CH/& '(.#""&>>#" =# :"8+,*+# '&+(,( +&/:(,*,*<#1 E.,"#,()*#. '&+(,(. :#"# = #:"('*;#%( .*)**+#,*<&1 B&)&,8 D1C1Q M+G"#-*>> 2001 ISBN 36--064-21 BARROWS 1S1 A T#&&/9 & :"&$>(/-$#.(' >(#"*) /(,&'. ( M('*+#> E'=+#,*& 204 6c64 641 BENITEZ M1G1 E> /&'(>& '( '*.(& *.,"=++*&#> A..="( #:>*+#'& # ># ('=+#+*H # '*.,#+*#1 T>#,(/&#* R(<*.,# A+#'/*+# '( I<(.,*)#+*H f 2001 BRUNER J("&/(1 L# ('=+#+*H .=:("*&" ( A/"*+# L#,*#1 S#,*#)& '( C*>(Q ILPES 20051 BUNGE M#"*&1 D*++*&#"*& '( F*>&.&7#1 M*+& D1F1Q S*)>& XXI 2001 ISBN 56462!22541 CARRETERO M#"*&1 ^b= (. (> C&.,"=+,*<*./& M*+& D1F1Q E'*,&"*#> P"&)"(.& 51
64
CÁVEZ RODRÍGUEZ J=.,& A1 DELER FERRERA G=.,#<& 9 SUÁREZ LORENZO A/:#"&1 P"*+*:#>(. +&""*(,(. 9 ,('(+*#. # **+*&. '(> .*)>& XXI '( ># P('#)&)7# 9 ># D*'8+,*+#1 C*='#' '( L# #$##Q I.,*,=,& C(,"#> '( C*(+*#. P('#)H)*+#. 20061 CÁVEZ URIBE A>&.&1 M1CQ E> P#"#'*)/# C&)*,*<& ( ># P.*+&>&)7# E'=+#,*<#1 U*<(".*'#' '( C&>*/# F#+=>,#' '( C*(+*#. '( ># E'=+#+*H L*+(+*#,="# ( E'=+#+*H E.:(+*#>1 P.*+&>&)7# E'=+#,*<# 2005 ,,:Q+&/(*&1*>(.1&"':"(..1+&/20050+&)*,*<&1:' CIAPPE A'".1 D*.(& *.,"=++*&#>Q &*+*& #.( 9 :"&+(.&1 V&>1 1 N 2 20061 :1 22-2!1 DE MIGUEL M1 ?+&&"'1@1 M(,&'&>&)7#. '( (.(#;# :#"# (> '(.#""&>>& '( +&/:(,(+*#.1 O"*(,#+*&(. :#"# (> :"&(.&"#'& =*<(".*,#"*& #,( (> E.:#+*& E="&:(& '( E'=+#+*H S=:("*&"1 M#'"*'Q A>*#;# 20031 E> A:"('*;#%( B#.#'& ( P"&$>(/#. +&/& ,+*+# '*'8+,*+#1 E L7(# 201 5 J= 20!1 D*.:&*$>( ( ># W($Q ,,:Q1=$1('=/("+#,*#$:1:' E> A:"('*;#%( S*)**+#,*<&1 E L7(# 20061 J= 20!1 D*.:&*$>( ( ># W($Q ,,:Q=#:"('*;#%(.*)**+#,*<&1$>&).:&,1+&/ E.,*>&. 9 M(,&'&>&)7#. '( A:"('*;#%(1 E L7(# 20041 5 J= 20!1 D*.:&*$>( ( ># W($Q ,,:Q/('*+*#1=.#+1('=1),#.('&+=-#:&9&-#.(*</(,&1:' GEIPRO c U+(<#1 E L7(# 4 J= 20!1 D*.:&*$>( ( ># W($Q ,,:Q1=+(<#1('=1+&Q606!#+=>,#'(.*'(1::.(/*>>("&.*)(*("*#..(/*>>("&-)(*:"&
GONZÁLEZ GALVIS V*<*## M#"+(># 9 ("8'(; Y(:(. A'"(#1 GEIPRO =# :"&:=(.,# >'*+# :#"# ># (.(#;# ( (> :"&)"#/# '( I)(*("7# I'=.,"*#> '( ># UCEVA1 T"#$#%& '( )"#'& I)(*("& I'=.,"*#>1 T=>=8 V#>>( '(> C#=+#Q U*'#' C(,"#> '(> V#>>( '(> C#=+#1 F#+=>,#' '( I)(*("7#. 2001 65
G=7# '( >#$&"#,&"*& GEIPRO U*'#' C(,"#> '(> V#>>( '(> C#=+# ?UCEVA@1 UIZINGA J &/& >='(.1 T"#'=+*'& :&" E=)(*& I/#;1 M#'"*'1 A>*#;# E'*,&"*#>E/(+ E'*,&"(. 521 ISBN 56-6-204-!3!-21 JONASSEN D11 D(.*)*) +&.,"=+,*<*., >(#"*) (<*"&/(,.1 I R(*)(>=, C1M1 ?E'1@ I.,"=+,*&#>-D(.*) T(&"*(. #' M&'(>. V&>1 21 L#"(+( E">$#=/ 1 dENLEY R=..(>>1 P"&$>(/ B#.(' L(#"*)Q *,* # ,"#'*,*&#> ,(#+*) (<*"&/(,1 F#+=>,9 & A"+*,(+,="( #' B=*>'*)1 U*<(".*,9 & M(>$&="( 1 L# C&/=*+#+*H 9 L# E.,,*+# ( L&. P"&+(.&. '( V*",=#>*;#+*H1 E L7(# 20 25 J=*& '(> 20! D*.:&*$>( ( ># W($Q ,,:Q1.+*(>&1&")1+&.+*(>&1::.+"*:,.+*h#",,(,:*'S02062!2000020005>#):, L&. .*.,(/#. <*",=#>(.Q =# #>,("#,*<# (.,"#,)*+# :#"# &")#*;#" ># #+,*<*'#' (+&H/*+#1 E L7(# 20041 26 %= 20! D*.:&*$>( ( ># ($Q ,,:Q'*#>(,1=*"*&%#1(..("<>(,#",*+=>&+&'*)&202!! MARTÍNEZ CAMPOBLANCO R##(> A>(%#'"&1 EL BLOG DE RAFA E L7(#1 2 '( &<*(/$"( '( 20 '( %=>*& '( 20!1 D*.:&*$>( ( ># W($Q ,,:Q,*;#<*",=#>1$>&).:&,1+&/20<*",=#>*;#+*&-'(-:"&+(.&.1,/> MINISTERIO DE EDUCACIN NACIONAL REPÚBLICA DE COLOMBIA1 E L7(#1 '( J=>*& '( 200 20 '( %=>*& '( 20!1 D*.:&*$>( ( ># W($Q ,,:Q1/*('=+#+*&1)&<1+&42#",*+>(-421,/>
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