INSTITUTO TECNOLÓGICO DE LEÓN
Auditoria energética
1
ÍNDICE OBJETIVO GENERAL........................................................................................................3 OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS............................................... ESPECÍFICOS............................................................................................... ................................................ 3 INTRODUCCIÓN................................................................................................................4 MARCO TEÓRICO..................................... TEÓRICO................................................................ ...................................................... .............................................. ................... 5 Audito!" #$%i&i'".............................................. #$%i&i'"......................................................................... ........................................................... ................................ .... ( Audito!" G$'$"%............................................... G$'$"%.......................................................................... ............................................................... .................................... ..( .. ( G"do d$ i')$*i+' d$ Audito!".............................................. Audito!"......................................................................... ..................................... ................. ....... , P%"'t$"&i$'to d$% #o-%$&"................................................. #o-%$&"............................................................................ ............................................... .................... , C"%ii/"/i+' $'$01ti/" d$ )i)i$'d"*.......................................... )i)i$'d"*..................................................................... ..........................................2 ...............2 Si*t$&"* $"&i$'t"* d$ /"%ii/"/i+' d$ $i/i$'/i" $'$01ti/" "&-i$'t"% $' M1i/o $% &u'do.............................................................................................................................2 Cu$*tio'$*........................................................................................................................67 Ot"* u$'t$* d$ $'$0!"......................................................................... $'$0!"................................................................................................... .......................... 68 DESARROLLO..................................................................................................................68 P"" u'" C"*" o0"........................................................................................................68 INVERSIONES EN CASA9:ABITACIÓN............... CASA9:ABITACIÓN.......................................... ...................................................... ................................. ......64 64 CONSEJOS ;TILES PARA PARA LA AUDITORIA..................... AUDITORIA................................................ .................................................62 ......................62 CONSEJOS PARA PARA A:ORRAR CASA :ABITAC :ABITACIÓN IÓN POR CFE....................................... 62 CONSEJOS PARA A:ORRAR A:ORRAR ENERGÍA POR SENER............................................... SENER............................................... ....86 I'*t"%"/i+' $%$/ti/".............................................. $%$/ti/"......................................................................... ............................................................. .................................. 86 I%u&i'"/i+'........................................................................................................................86 A#""to* $%$/todo&1*ti/o*..............................................................................................88 $%$/todo&1*ti/o*..............................................................................................88 A/o'di/io'"do d$ "i$......................................................................................................84 "i$......................................................................................................84 CONCLUSIONES....................................... CONCLUSIONES............ ....................................................... ....................................................... ........................................... ................85 85 REFERENCIAS.................................................................................................................8(
Auditoria energética
2
ÍNDICE OBJETIVO GENERAL........................................................................................................3 OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS............................................... ESPECÍFICOS............................................................................................... ................................................ 3 INTRODUCCIÓN................................................................................................................4 MARCO TEÓRICO..................................... TEÓRICO................................................................ ...................................................... .............................................. ................... 5 Audito!" #$%i&i'".............................................. #$%i&i'"......................................................................... ........................................................... ................................ .... ( Audito!" G$'$"%............................................... G$'$"%.......................................................................... ............................................................... .................................... ..( .. ( G"do d$ i')$*i+' d$ Audito!".............................................. Audito!"......................................................................... ..................................... ................. ....... , P%"'t$"&i$'to d$% #o-%$&"................................................. #o-%$&"............................................................................ ............................................... .................... , C"%ii/"/i+' $'$01ti/" d$ )i)i$'d"*.......................................... )i)i$'d"*..................................................................... ..........................................2 ...............2 Si*t$&"* $"&i$'t"* d$ /"%ii/"/i+' d$ $i/i$'/i" $'$01ti/" "&-i$'t"% $' M1i/o $% &u'do.............................................................................................................................2 Cu$*tio'$*........................................................................................................................67 Ot"* u$'t$* d$ $'$0!"......................................................................... $'$0!"................................................................................................... .......................... 68 DESARROLLO..................................................................................................................68 P"" u'" C"*" o0"........................................................................................................68 INVERSIONES EN CASA9:ABITACIÓN............... CASA9:ABITACIÓN.......................................... ...................................................... ................................. ......64 64 CONSEJOS ;TILES PARA PARA LA AUDITORIA..................... AUDITORIA................................................ .................................................62 ......................62 CONSEJOS PARA PARA A:ORRAR CASA :ABITAC :ABITACIÓN IÓN POR CFE....................................... 62 CONSEJOS PARA A:ORRAR A:ORRAR ENERGÍA POR SENER............................................... SENER............................................... ....86 I'*t"%"/i+' $%$/ti/".............................................. $%$/ti/"......................................................................... ............................................................. .................................. 86 I%u&i'"/i+'........................................................................................................................86 A#""to* $%$/todo&1*ti/o*..............................................................................................88 $%$/todo&1*ti/o*..............................................................................................88 A/o'di/io'"do d$ "i$......................................................................................................84 "i$......................................................................................................84 CONCLUSIONES....................................... CONCLUSIONES............ ....................................................... ....................................................... ........................................... ................85 85 REFERENCIAS.................................................................................................................8(
Auditoria energética
2
INDICE DE TABLAS TABLA 6 LISTADO DE APARATOS ELECTRÓNICOS EN CASA :ABITACIÓN..............................63 TABLA ABLA 8 CO CONS NSUM UMO O ENERG ENERG
OBJETIVO GENERAL Auditoria energética
3
E&#%$" u'" "uditoi" $'$01ti/" #"" di*&i'ui %o* 0"*to* $% /o'*u&o $'$01ti/o $*to *$ $"%i="" *i0ui$'do u'" &$todo%o0!" /o' $"&i$'t"* " 'u$*to "%/"'/$ /o' /o'o/i&i$'to o-t$'ido $' /u*o* "'t$io$* *o-$ t$&"* $'$01ti/o> $*to *$ %%$)"" " /"-o $' %" /"*" "-it"/i+' d$ %" "&i%i" Ro-%$do d$% #$*$'t$ *$&$*t$ #o $% "%u&'o Ro-%$do ?"/"i"*.
OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS • •
• •
•
R$/"-" tod" %" i'o&"/i+' d$ %o* 0"*to* $'$01ti/o $i*t$'t$* R$"%i=" "'@%i*i* d$ t1/'i/"* o $*t"t$0i"* %"* /u"%$* 'o* "ud$' " $du/i $% $/$*o d$ 0"*to* $'$01ti/o* R$"%i=" o i'i/i" /o' %"* o#/io'$* d$ "oo $'$01ti/"* C"&-i" $%$/todo&1*ti/o* d$$/tuo*o* #o 'u$)o* $' /o$/to u'/io'"&i$'to Bu*/" "ud" /o' #$*o'"* $*#$/i"%i="d"* $' $% t$&" #"" -u*/" "*$*o"&i$'to d$ ot"* #o*i-%$* *o%u/io'$* "*! /o&o /o'*u%t" %" $d "%0u'"* -i-%io0"!"*
Auditoria energética
4
INTRODUCCIÓN E% #$*$'t$ do/u&$'to 'o* &u$*t" u'" "uditoi" $'$01ti/" u$ *$ $"%i=+ " %" /"*" "-it"/i+'. D$-ido " $*t$ it&o d$ /$/i&i$'to d$ #$*o'"* $' $% &u'do *$ d$-$' to&" u'" *$i$ d$ "//io'$* u$ i&#id"' "u&$'t$ $% !'di/$ !*i/o d$% /o'*u&o $'$01ti/o> #"" $*to $*u%t" i&#$*/i'di-%$ id$'tii/" $#%ot" tod"* %"* $*$)"* '"tu"%$* "*! /o&o *o-$$#%ot"/i+' d$ %o* $/u*o*. E* @/i% #$/i-i u$ "%0o *$ $*t@ &"%0"*t"'do /u"'do *$ o-*$)" u'" %%")$ u$ /o'ti$'$ u'" u0"> #$o /u$*t" #$/i-i u$ $*t@ *u/$di$'do i0u"% /u"'do *$ d$" $'/$'did" u'" %@&#""> *$ ti$'$ %" "dio> $% t$%$)i*o $% /"%$'t"do d$ "0u" u'/io'"'do &i$'t"* *$ $*t@ $"%i="'do "%0u'" ot" "/ti)id"d %" /u"% 'o $ui$$ d$ $*to* "#""to*. L" $%$/ti/id"d $* $% i'"% d$ %" i'&$'*" /"d$'" u$ *$ oi0i'" $' %"* 0"'d$* /$'t"%$* d$ 0$'$"/i+' #"" u$ %%$0u$ "*t" u' o0" d$-$ *$ 0$'$"d" $' 0"'d$* /o*to*"* #%"'t"*> $' $% &i*&o i'*t"'t$ $' u$ *$ $ui$" t"'*#ot"d" "*t" %o* /$'to* #o-%"do*> $/oi$'do &u/o* i%+&$to* uti%i="'do i'&$'*"* to$*> t"'*o&"do$* /"'tid"d$* d$ /"-%$* di*ti-uid" $' &$'o$* -%ou$* d$ $'$0!"> "*t" $% o0"> i'du*ti"* /o&$/io*> uti%i="'do /i$'to* d$ t"'*o&"do$*> #o*t$* i%+&$to* d$ /"-%$. No o-*t"'t$ "u! *$ &u$*t"' t"'to $/o&$'d"/io'$* /o&o /"&-io* u$ *$ $"%i="o' d$'to d$% o-$to d$ $*tudio u$ $' $*t$ /"*o $* u'" /"*" #"" %%$0" " u' $*u%t"do %o &@* +#ti&o #o*i-%$. D$ $*t" &"'$" *o%o u$d" %" t"$" u$ u$d" #"" $% o&-$ $* *o%o "/$ /o'/i$'/i" d$ %o* "/to* u$ t$'$&o* "% uti%i=" %" $'$0!" u$ *i *$ d$*#$di/i" d$ u'" &"'$" /o't$*t$' $ i$*#o'*"-%$ *$ "/"-""
Auditoria energética
5
MARCO TEÓRICO U'" Audito!" E'$01ti/" $* u' $*tudio t1/'i/o d$ u'" u'id"d $&#$*"> )i)i$'d"> /o&$/io> $dii/io> $t/. #"" /o&#o-" *i %" 0$*ti+' $'$01ti/" $*t@ o#ti&i="d". E*to *i0'ii/" u$ $% $*tudio t1/'i/o $#%i/"@ *i *$ #u$d$ "o" $' 0"*to $'$01ti/o o 'o. $' /"*o d$ $i*ti &"0$' d$ "oo $#%i/"@ d+'d$ /+&o *$ #u$d$ /o'*$0ui. T"&-i1' *$ #u$d$' %%"&" $*tudio* d$ "oo $'$01ti/o o $*tudio* d$ /o*t$* $'$01ti/o*. E' $% H5 d$ %o* /"*o*> %" $"%i="/i+' d$ u'" Audito!" E'$01ti/" d" /o&o $*u%t"do u' #o*i-%$ "oo $'$01ti/o to&"'do u'" *$i$ d$ &$did"*. E*to "/$ u$ *i$&#$ *$" u'" -u$'" id$" $"%i=" u'" Audito!" E'$01ti/" i'd$#$'di$'t$&$'t$ d$% ti#o o t"&"o d$ %o/"%> )i)i$'d" o $&#$*". E% t1&i'o "udito!" $'$01ti/" $* /o&K'&$'t$ uti%i="do #"" d$*/i-i u' "&#%io $*#$/to d$ $*tudio* $'$01ti/o* u$ )"' d$*d$ u' @#ido #"*$o " t")1* d$ u' #o/$di&i$'to #"" id$'tii/" %o* #i'/i#"%$* #o-%$&"* " u' "'@%i*i* $"u*ti)o d$ %"* i&#%i/"/io'$* d$ ot"* &$did"* d$ $i/i$'/i" $'$01ti/" *ui/i$'t$* #"" *"ti*"/$ %o* /it$io* i'"'/i$o* *o%i/it"do* #o %o* i')$*o$*. T$* #o0"&"* /o&u'$* d$ "udito!" *$ d$*/i-$' $' &"o d$t"%%$ &@* "d$%"'t$> "u'u$ %"* t"$"* $"%i="d"* $% 'i)$% d$ $*u$=o #u$d$' )"i" /o' $% /o'*u%to u$ #$*t" *$)i/io* $' )itud d$ $*to* 0"'d$* "#"t"do*. L" K'i/" &"'$" d$ 0""'ti=" u$ u'" #o#u$*t" d$ "udito!" u$ *"ti*"0" *u* '$/$*id"d$* $*#$/!i/"* $* #$/i*" %o* $ui*ito* d$t"%%"do* $' u' @&-ito d$ t"-"o. To&"'do $% ti$&#o #"" #$#"" u'" *o%i/itud o&"% t"&-i1' "*$0u" "% #o#i$t"io d$% $dii/io u$ $/i-$' /o&#$titi)" /o&#""-%$ #o#u$*t"*. E' todo* %o* 'i)$%$* d$ "udito!"* *$ i'/%u$ u' #o/$*o d$ &$o" dii0ido "% #$*o'"% u$ t"-"" $' $*"* @$"*. C"&-io* $' $% *i*t$&" d$ /o'*u&o d$ $'$0!" i&#%i/"> /"&-io* d$ /o&#ot"&i$'to> /o'du/t"*> @-ito* /o*tu&-$* d$ %"* #$*o'"* u$ o#$"' o t"-""' $' $% @$" d$ i't$)$'/i+'. S$ /o'*id$"' /"#"/it"/io'$* $'t$'"&i$'to* "'t$*> du"'t$ "% i'"% d$ u'" i't$)$'/i+'> /u"%ui$" u$ *$" $% 'i)$% d$ %" "udito!".
Auditoria energética
6
Audito!" #$%i&i'" E% "'t$#o$/to d$ "udito!" o u'" *i&#%$ %%"&"d" d$ "udito!"> di"0'+*ti/o o "udito!" d$ $/oido $* $% &@* *i&#%$ &@* @#ido ti#o d$ "udito!". S$ t"t" d$ u' &!'i&o d$ $'t$)i*t"* /o' *itio $- #$*o'"% d$ o#$"/i+'> u'" -$)$ $*$" d$ i'*t"%"/i+' d$ "/tu"* d$ *$)i/io* #K-%i/o* oto* d"to* d$ $#%ot"/i+'> u'" /"&i'"t" " t")1* d$ %" i'*t"%"/i+' #"" "&i%i"i="*$ /o' %" /o'*tu//i+' o#$"/i+' #"" id$'tii/" /u"%ui$ =o'"* d$ d$*#$di/io d$ $'$0!" o d$ i'$i/i$'/i".
T!#i/"&$'t$> *+%o %"* #i'/i#"%$* @$"* #o-%$&@ti/"* *$ d$*/u-$' du"'t$ $*t$ ti#o d$ "udito!". L"* &$did"* /o$/ti)"* *$ d$*/i-$' -$)$&$'t$> @#id" "#%i/"/i+' d$ $*ti&"/io'$* d$ /o*to*> $% #ot$'/i"% d$ "oo d$ /o*t$* d$ $#%ot"/i+'> *i&#%$ #$!odo* d$ "&oti="/i+'. E*t$ 'i)$% d$ d$t"%%$> "u'u$ 'o *ui/i$'t$ #"" %%$0" " u'" d$/i*i+' i'"% *o-$ %" $$/u/i+' d$ u' #o$/to d$ &$did"*> $* *ui/i$'t$ #"" d" #ioid"d " #o$/to* d$ $i/i$'/i" $'$01ti/" #"" d$t$&i'" %" '$/$*id"d d$ u'" "udito!" &@* d$t"%%"d". L"* "udito!"* $'$01ti/"* $*t@' /o&#u$*t"* d$ di)$*o* ti#o* d$ $*tudio* %o* /u"%$* *o' i&#%$&$'t"do* "% $dii/io "% u$ *$ %$ $*t@ $"%i="'do %" "udito!"
Audito!" G$'$"% L" "udito!" 0$'$"% %%"&"d" "%t$'"ti)"&$'t$ u'" &i'i9"udito!"> %" "udito!" $'$01ti/" *itio o *itio /o&#%$to "udito!" $'$01ti/" *$ $#"'d$ *o-$ $% "'t$#o$/to d$ "udito!" *$ " d$*/ito "'t$io&$'t$ &$di"'t$ %" $/o#i%"/i+' d$ i'o&"/i+' &@* d$t"%%"d" *o-$ %" i'*t"%"/i+' o#$"/i+' d$ $"%i=" u'" $)"%u"/i+' &@* d$t"%%"d" d$ &$did"* d$ /o'*$)"/i+' d$ $'$0!". F"/tu"* d$ *$)i/io* #K-%i/o* *$ $/o0$' #o 68 " 3( &$*$* #"" #$&iti u$ $% "udito #u$d" $)"%u" %" i'*t"%"/i+'> %" d$&"'d" d$ $'$0!" %"* t"*"* d$ u*o *$0K' #$i%$* d$ $'$0!". Si *$ di*#o'$ d$ d"to*> %o* #$i%$* d$t"%%"do* d$ $'$0!" u$ $*o* d"to* *$ "/$' #o*i-%$> *$ t"t"@ d$ "'"%i=" %o* *i0'o* d$ d$o/$ $'$01ti/o. Adi/io'"%$* $*#$/!i/o* d$ &$di/i+' d$ %" $'$0!" u$ /o'*u&$' %o* *i*t$&"* *$ $"%i=" " &$'udo #"" /o&#%$t" %o* d"to* d$ uti%id"d. E't$)i*t"* $' #ou'did"d /o' $% #$*o'"% d$ o#$"/i+' d$ %"* i'*t"%"/io'$* *$ %%$)"' " /"-o #"" #o#o/io'" u'" &$o /o&#$'*i+' d$ %o* #i'/i#"%$* /o'*u&ido$* d$ $'$0!" *i*t$&"* #"" /o'o/$ " /oto %"0o #%"=o %o* #"to'$* d$ /o'*u&o d$ $'$0!". E*t$ ti#o d$ "udito!" *$@ /"#"= d$ id$'tii/" tod" %" $'$0!" d$ %"* &$did"* d$ /o'*$)"/i+' "d$/u"d"* #"" %" i'*t"%"/i+'> "-id" /u$'t" d$ *u* #"@&$to* d$ u'/io'"&i$'to. U' d$t"%%"do "'@%i*i* i'"'/i$o *$ $"%i=" #"" /"d" u'" d$ %"*
Auditoria energética
7
&$did"* -"*"d"* $' %" "#%i/"/i+' d$t"%%"d" %"* $*ti&"/io'$* d$ /o*t$*> *itio $*#$/!i/o d$ "oo d$ /o*t$* d$ $#%ot"/i+'> $% /%i$'t$ %" i')$*i+' d$ /it$io*. Sui/i$'t$ d$t"%%$ /+&o *$ #$*$'t" #"" u*tii/" %" $$/u/i+' d$% #o$/to.
G"do d$ i')$*i+' d$ Audito!" E' %" &"o!" d$ %"* $&#$*"* %o* "u*t$* o "/tu"%i="/io'$* " u'" i'*t"%"/i+' $'$01ti/" d$-$' /o&#$ti #o %" i'"'/i"/i+' /o' /"#it"% 'o $%"/io'"do* /o' %"* i')$*io'$* $' $'$0!". T"'to %" $'$0!" /o'*u&id" %" $'$0!" " "o" d$-$' *$ $)"%u"do* /o' u' /it$io i'"'/i$o #"" $*to $' %o* #o$/to* d$ &$o"&i$'to $i/i$'/i" $'$01ti/" *$ uti%i=" %" t"*" d$ $to'o d$ %" i')$*i+' TIR #"" $)"%u" %" /o')$'i$'/i" d$ %" i')$*i+'. E% "oo #o$/t"do d$ u'/io'"&i$'to d$ %" "#%i/"/i+' d$ #o$/to* d$ $'$0!" d$-$' d$*"o%%"*$ d$ t"% &"'$" u$ #o#o/io'$ u' "%to 'i)$% d$ /o'i"'=". D$ $/o> %o* i')$*o$* " &$'udo d$&"'d"' u' "oo 0""'ti="do.
E% 0"do d$ i')$*i+' d$ "udito!" %%"&"do* "%t$'"ti)"&$'t$ u'" "udito!" /o&#%$t"> d$t"%%"d" "udito!"> &"i d$ "udito!"> "'@%i*i* t1/'i/o o d$ "udito!" *$ $#"'d$ *o-$ %" "udito!" 0$'$"% *$ " d$*/ito "'t$io&$'t$ &$di"'t$ $% *u&i'i*to d$ u' &od$%o di'@&i/o d$ %" $'$0!" d$ u*o /""/t$!*ti/"* d$ %"* i'*t"%"/io'$* $i*t$'t$* tod"* %"* &$did"* d$ /o'*$)"/i+' d$ $'$0!" id$'tii/"do*. E% $dii/io &od$%o $*t@ /"%i-"do /o't" %" $"% uti%id"d d$ d"to* #"" #o#o/io'" u'" %!'$" d$ -"*$ $"%i*t" u$ #$&it" /"%/u%" %o* "oo* d$ u'/io'"&i$'to d$ %"* &$did"* #o#u$*t"*. A&#%i" "t$'/i+' *$ d" " $'t$'d$ 'o *+%o %"* /""/t$!*ti/"* d$ u'/io'"&i$'to d$ tod" %" $'$0!" u$ /o'*u&$' %o* *i*t$&"*> *i'o t"&-i1' *itu"/io'$* u$ /"u*"' %"* )"i"/io'$* d$ #$i% d$ /"0" " /oto %"0o #%"=o %"* -"*$* #o $$&#%o> di"i"> *$&"'"%> &$'*u"%> "'u"%. Lo* d"to* "/tu"%$* d$ uti%id"d *$ /o&#%$&$'t"' /o' %" d$ %o* #i'/i#"%$* /o'*u&ido$* d$ $'$0!" *i*t$&"* d$ )i0i%"'/i" d$ %"* /""/t$!*ti/"* d$% *i*t$&" o#$"ti)o. L"* "udito!"* $'$01ti/"* i'i/i"%&$'t$ *$ i/i$o' #o#u%"$* $' d" $*#u$*t" " %" /i*i* $'$01ti/" d$ 6H,3 "o* #o*t$io$*. E% i't$1* $' %"* "udito!"* $'$01ti/"* " "u&$'t"do $/i$'t$&$'t$ /o&o $*u%t"do d$ %" /$/i$'t$ /o&#$'*i+' d$% i&#"/to u&"'o *o-$ /"%$'t"&i$'to 0%o-"% $% /"&-io /%i&@ti/o. U'" 'u$)" t$'d$'/i" $' %" "uit$/tu" %%"&"d" Auit$/tu" *u*t$'t"-%$ to&" $*t" t1/'i/" /o&o u'" d$ *u* #i'/i#"%$* $"&i$'t"* #"" o-t$'$ d"to* /u"'tit"ti)o* 'o &$"&$'t$ /o'/$#tu"%$* $' %" -K*u$d" d$ u' @-it"t *o*t$'i-%$.
Auditoria energética
8
P%"'t$"&i$'to d$% #o-%$&" Co' $% ti$&#o *$ "' ido /$"'do di*ti'to* ti#o* d$ $'$0!"* *$0K' %"* '$/$*id"d$* d$% *$ u&"'o t"'to "*! u$ %"* " uti%i="do /o&o u' &1todo d$ *"ti*"//i+' o &$o di/o #"" *"ti*"/$ %"* '$/$*id"d$* #o#i"* d$ t"% &"'$" u$ %"* " %%$)"do "* *u #o#io o0". Do'd$ %"* #od$&o* $'/o't" $' %" %u= $%1/ti/"> $% "0u"> $% 0"* "o" 'u$)"&$'t$ " $)o%u/io'"do to&"'do %" $'$0!" d$% $t$io #o $$&#%o $% *o% $% /u"% " $* uti%i="do #"" di*ti'to* #o#+*ito*. D$ i0u"% &"'$" $*to " ido $)o%u/io'"'do $*#$/to " %" $'o&$ #o-%"/i+' d$% #%"'$t" *$"' to&"do 'u$)"* #o#u$*t" #o$/to* #"" *o%)$'t" u' #o-%$&" $% /u"% *$ d$*0%o*" d!" " d!" $*#$/to "% &"% u*o d$ %"* $'$0!"* $* d$/i u$ *$ " ido $)o%u/io'"do $' $*t" "&" 'o *o%o #o $% i'0$'io d$% o&-$ *i'o #o $% d$*/uido d$% &i*&o. E% d$*/uido> &"% "#o)$/"&i$'to> d$*#i%"o d$ $'$0!" o /o&o &$o *$ ui$" )$ " %%$)"do "% *$ u&"'o " $*t" $' "%$t" o"> %o u$ *$ $i$$ $* u$ /o' $% ti$&#o %"* i'du*ti"* 0"'d$* $*t"-%$/i&i$'to /o&o /o&$/io* "*t" $' 'u$*to* o0"$* $i*t$ u' &"% u*o d$ %" $'$0!". E' %o* o0"$* d$-ido "% /"*i$'to d$ %" t$/'o%o0!" $% /o'*u&o $%1/ti/o " "u&$'t"do d$ u'" &"'$" i&#$*io'"'t$> %o* $%$/todo&1*ti/o *o' d$ 0"' uti%id"d "/i%it"' &u/o %"* /o*"* $' o0" *i' $&-"0o $% /o'*u&$ u$ #odu/$' $* d$&"*i"do $' "%0u'o* d$ %o* /"*o*> d$-ido " $*to *$ $"%i="" u' $*tudio d$% d$*#$di/io d$ $'$0!". C"%ii/"/i+' $'$01ti/" d$ )i)i$'d"* U'" /"%ii/"/i+' $'$01ti/" #"" )i)i$'d"* $* u'" &$did" d$ /u"' $'$01ti/"&$'t$ $i/i$'t$ $* u'" /"*"> uti%i="do #i'/i#"%&$'t$ $' %o* #"!*$* d$*"o%%"do*. L" /"%ii/"/i+' d$ $'$0!" #u$d$ *$ uti%i="d" t"'to #"" %"* )i)i$'d"* $i*t$'t$* o 'u$)"*. Si u'" )i)i$'d" $i*t$'t$ #o*$$ u'" /"%ii/"/i+' $'$01ti/" *$@ &@* *$'/i%%o i&#%$&$'t" &$o"* #"" "u&$'t" *u $i/i$'/i" $'$01ti/". Lo* #o#i$t"io* #od@' uti%i=" $% i'o&$ #"" d$t$&i'" %"* o&"* &@* $i/"/$* $' %o* u$ #u$d$ &$o"*$ %" $i/i$'/i" $'$01ti/". U'" )i)i$'d" 'u$)" u$ /u$'t$ /o' /"%ii/"/i+' $'$01ti/" #$&it$ " %o* /o&#"do$* /o&#"" %" $i/i$'/i" $'$01ti/" d$ %o* o0"$* u$ $*t@' $*tudi"'do %" #o*i-i%id"d d$ /o&#". Si*t$&"* $"&i$'t"* d$ /"%ii/"/i+' d$ $i/i$'/i" $'$01ti/" "&-i$'t"% $' M1i/o $% &u'do. E' %o* K%ti&o* "o*> "'t$ %" '$/$*id"d d$ /u"'tii/" $% i&#"/to "&-i$'t"%> &iti0"%o 0$'$" /o'*tu//io'$* )$d$* o *u*t$'t"-%$*> "' *u0ido di$$'t$* Auditoria energética
9
*i*t$&"* d$ $)"%u"/i+' o /"%ii/"/i+' #"" di)$*o* ti#o* d$ /o'*tu//i+'. D$ "/u$do " %" O0"'i="/i+' d$ Coo#$"/i+' D$*"o%%o E/o'+&i/o* OCDE u'" /o'*tu//i+' )$d$ o *u*t$'t"-%$> *$ d$i'$ /o&o "u$%%" $dii/"/i+' u$ ti$'$ u' &!'i&o i&#"/to $' $% &$dio "&-i$'t$ OECD> 8773. E% Co'*$o Au*t"%i"'o #"" %" Co'*tu//i+' Su*t$'t"-%$ %o d$i'$ /o&o "u$%%" /o'*tu//i+' u$ i'/o#o" $' *u di*$o> #o/$*o /o'*tu/ti)o o#$"/i+'> $*t"t$0i"* u$ $du/$' *i0'ii/"ti)"&$'t$ o $%i&i'"' $% i&#"/to '$0"ti)o $' $% &$dio "&-i$'t$ $' *u* "-it"'t$*> t"%$* /o&o :$*> 877, Ei/i$'/i" $'$01ti/" R$du//i+' d$ $&i*io'$* d$ 0"*> Co'*$)"/i+' d$% "0u"> R$du//i+'> $9u*o $/i/%"$ d$ $*iduo*> R$du//i+' d$ 'i)$%$* d$ /o't"&i'"/i+' $' uido> "0u"> "i$> ti$" %u=> Pot$//i+' " %" -iodi)$*id"d> R$*ti//i+' $' $% u*o /o'*u&o d$ $/u*o* '"tu"%$*> A&-i$'t$* *"%ud"-%$* $*#"/io* $/$"ti)o*. L" &"o!" d$ %o* *i*t$&"* *$ $'o/"' o d"' #ioid"d " %" &$di/i+' d$ $i/i$'/i" $'$01ti/" d$ %" )i)i$'d". E*to* *i*t$&"* -u*/"' /u&#%i /o' %o* *i0ui$'t$* o-$ti)o* 6. Po)$$ $/o'o/i&i$'to $' $% &$/"do " "u$%%"* /o'*tu//io'$* /o' u' -"o i&#"/to "&-i$'t"%. 8. G""'ti=" %" i'/%u*i+' d$ &$o$* #@/ti/"* *u*t$'t"-%$* $' $% di*$o> /o'*tu//i+' o#$"/i+' d$ u'" /o'*tu//i+'. 3. Po&o)$ %" $i/i$'/i" $'$01ti/" &$di"'t$ %" $'t$0" d$ i'o&"/i+' o-$ti)" *o-$ %"* /""/t$!*ti/"* $'$01ti/"* d$ u'" /o'*tu//i+'. 4. E' "%0u'o* /"*o*> 0""'ti=" u$ %"* /o'*tu//io'$* /u&#%"' /o' 'i)$%$* $*#$/!i/o* d$ $i/i$'/i" $'$01ti/" "&-i$'t"% u$ 'o $-"*$' u'" /"'tid"d d$t$&i'"d" d$ $&i*io'$* d$ 0"*$* $$/to i')$'"d$o. Lo* #i&$o* *i*t$&"* d$ /"%ii/"/i+' u$o' di*$"do* #"" $)"%u" $% d$*$&#$o $'$01ti/o d$ $dii/io* /o&$/i"%$*. A K%ti&"* $/"*> $% *$/to " /o&$'="do " "do#t" $*t$ ti#o d$ /"%ii/"/io'$* #"" #o&o)$ %" $i/i$'/i" $'$01ti/" d$'to d$ %" )i)i$'d". L" $i/i$'/i" $'$01ti/" d$ u'" )i)i$'d" *$ $'ti$'d$ /o&o %" /"'tid"d d$ $'$0!"
Auditoria energética
10
&!'i&" '$/$*"i" #"" *"ti*"/$ %"* di*ti't"* '$/$*id"d$* "*o/i"d"* " u' u*o $*t@'d" d$ %" )i)i$'d"> &"'t$'i$'do o &$o"'do $% 'i)$% d$ /o'ot. E' 0$'$"% %"* '$/$*id"d$* $'$01ti/"* d$ u'" /o'*tu//i+' o )i)i$'d" *o' %"* d$ /"%$"//i+'> $i0$"/i+'> i%u&i'"/i+'> "0u" /"%i$'t$ *"'it"i"> i0i$'$ #$#""/i+' d$ %o* "%i&$'to*. A &$did" u$ %" )i)i$'d" $ui$" u'" &$'o /"'tid"d d$ $'$0!" #"" *"ti*"/$ $*t"* '$/$*id"d$*> *$@ &@* $i/i$'t$ $'$01ti/"&$'t$. 6. E*/"%" d$ $i/i$'/i" E*to* *i*t$&"* d$i'$' u'" %!'$" -"*$ " #"ti d$ %" $*ti&"/i+' d$ %" d$&"'d" d$ $'$0!" u$ ti$'$ u'" )i)i$'d" $' t1&i'o* d$ i%u&i'"/i+' /"%$'t"&i$'to d$ "0u". E' %" &"o #"t$ d$ %o* /"*o*> t"&-i1' *$ /o'*id$" %" d$&"'d" d$ $'$0!" #"" $i0$"/i+' o /"%$"//i+' d$ "/u$do " %" =o'" /%i&@ti/" do'd$ *$ u-i/" %" )i)i$'d". L" /o'*tu//i+' d$ %" $*/"%" d$ $i/i$'/i" $'$01ti/" /o'*id$" "#oi&"/io'$* /@%/u%o* d$ /o'*u&o* &!'i&o*> &@i&o* +#ti&o* d$ "/u$do " di$$'t$* ti#o%o0!"* d$ )i)i$'d" $0io'$* -io/%i&@ti/"*. Po %o 0$'$"% %"* $*ti&"/io'$* *$ &id$' $' Qi%o"tt*o" #o &$to /u"d"do Q&8. 8. C@%/u%o d$ #u't"$ E' $*to* *i*t$&"* 'o *$ d$i'$ u'" $*/"%" *o-$ %o* 'i)$%$* d$ /o'*u&o d$ $'$0!" "0u"> *i'o u$ *$ /"%ii/" %" #$*$'/i" d$ $%$&$'to* *u*t$'t"-%$* "*i0'"'do u' #u't"$ " /"d" u'o. G$'$"%&$'t$> $*to* $%$&$'to* $*t@' *u$to* " 'o&"ti)"* &!'i&"* d$ $i/i$'/i" $'$01ti/" "&-i$'t"%. U' &"o #u't"$ /o$*#o'd$ t$+i/"&$'t$ " u' &"o 0"do d$ $i/i$'/i" *u*t$'t"-i%id"d $' %" /o'*tu//i+'. E*to* *i*t$&"* 'o&"%&$'t$ i'/o#o"' oto* $%$&$'to* $%"/io'"do* /o' %" *u*t$'t"-i%id"d d$ %" )i)i$'d" /o&o t"'*#ot$> $ui#"&i$'to d$% $'to'o> "*#$/to* *u*t$'t"-%$* d$% /o'u'to "-it"/io'"%> $'t$ oto*.
Figura 1 Calificación Energética De Viviendas
Auditoria energética
11
Fuente: (The Buildings Regulation 2! 2"#
Cu$*tio'$* C+&o 'o* d"&o* /u$'t" d$ u$ '$/$*it"&o* $"%i=" u'" "udito!" No* #od$&o* d" /u$'t" d$ &"$"* &u *$'/i%%"* *i&#%$&$'t$ $' %o* #$/io* d$ %" $'$0!" /u"'do *$ /o&i$'=" " #"0" &u/o o $' $% #o/o $'di&i$'to d$ %o* /o&-u*ti-%$* #o $$&#%o $% 0"* /u"'do *u ti$&#o d$ )id" $' &u /oto $t/. u1 *$ '$/$*it" *"-$ #"" "/$ u'" "uditoi" $'$01ti/" Pi&$o u$ '"d" $% /o'*u&o d$ /"d" $%$/todo&1*ti/o d$ tu o0" $"%i=" u' %i*t"do d$ $%%o* do'd$ *$"%$* $% /o'*u&o $% ti$&#o u$ $*t@ t"-""'do du"'t$ $% d!" Cu@% $* $% -$'$i/io d$ %" "uditoi" $'$01ti/" M"*u$ '"d" $* "oo $/o'+&i/o " %" %"0" $* d$/i "% $"%i=" u'" "udito!" $'$01ti/" $* u'" i')$*i+' u$ t"d$ u$ t$&#"'o *$ $/u#$" *i' #$did"* "%0u'" D$ u1 &"'$" #od!" "$/t" u'" &"%" "uditoi" O 'o "/$ u'" "uditoi" U'" &"%" "uditoi" $' %u0" d$ u' -u$' -$'1i/o t$'d!" *$io* #$ui/io* $' #o/"* #"%"-"* *$ #$d$@ &@* di'$o $' $'$0!"* E% 'o $"%i=" u'" "udito!" t$'d$" " %" &i*&" /o'*$/u$'/i" u1 *$ "'"%i=" $' u'" "udito!" $'$01ti/" E' /$"> $*#$/i"%i*t"* $' $i/i$'/i" "oo $'$01ti/o "'"%i="&o* $% %u0" " "udit" " o'do /o' %" "ud" d$ $ui#o* d$ &$di/i+' d$ K%ti&" t$/'o%o0!" $"%i="&o* u' di"0'+*ti/o $'$01ti/o d$ %" i'*t"%"/i+' •
@-ito* d$ /o'*u&o
•
$ui#o* d$ /"%$"//i+' /%i&"ti="/i+'
•
$ui#o* $%1/ti/o*
•
$ui#o* d$ i%u&i'"/i+'
Auditoria energética
12
•
"i*%"&i$'to t1&i/o d$ %" i'*t"%"/i+'
S"-1 /u@'to #u$do "o" /o' %" "udito!" $'$01ti/" T"* $% "'@%i*i*> 'u$*to $ui#o t1/'i/o $d"/t" u'" -"t$!" d$ &$did"* #"" /o$0i $% $/$*o d$ /o'*u&o $'$01ti/o. C"d" u'" d$ %"* &$did"* *$ /%"*ii/" *$0K' $% "oo $'$01ti/o> $% "oo $/o'+&i/o u$ *u#o'd!"> %" i')$*i+' '$/$*"i" #"" i&#%$&$'t"%" *u #$iodo d$ $to'o $/o'+&i/o. M$ $/o&i$'d"' $% u*o d$ $'$0!"* $'o)"-%$* $' %" "udito!" $'$01ti/" C$"@> $*#$/i"%i*t"* $' $i/i$'/i" "oo $'$01ti/o $*tudi" %" #o*i-i%id"d d$ %%$)" " /"-o i'*t"%"/io'$* d$ $'$0!" $'o)"-%$> di*$@'do%" $' $% %u0" &@* "d$/u"do /o' %" t$/'o%o0!" u$ &@* *$ "d"#t" " %"* '$/$*id"d$* d$ /"d" i'*t"%"/i+'. Pu$do -$'$i/i"&$ d$ %"* *u-)$'/io'$* #"" "udito!" $'$01ti/" C$"@> $*#$/i"%i*t"* $' $i/i$'/i" "oo $'$01ti/o "*$*o" $' %" -K*u$d" 0$*ti+' d$ %"* *u-)$'/io'$* "ud"* d$*ti'"d"* " $*tudio* d$ "udito!" $'$01ti/". Nu$*t" -"*$ d$ d"to* /o&#$'d$ #o0"&"* d$ "ud"* " 'i)$% '"/io'"% "uto'+&i/o.
Ot"* u$'t$* d$ $'$0!" E'$0!" &$/@'i/" S$ d$-$ " %" #o*i/i+' $% &o)i$'t$ d$ u' /u$#o "#%i/"do $* %" *u&" d$ %" $'$0!" #ot$'/i"% /i'1ti/" $*t@ti/". E'$0!" t1&i/" E* %" u$=" %i-$"d" $' o&" d$ /"%o #u$d$ o-t$'$*$ &$di"'t$ %" '"tu"%$=" E'$0!" $+%i/" E*t$ ti#o d$ $'$0!" $* o-t$'id" &$di"'t$ "%" u$=" d$% "i$ E'$0!" *o%"
Auditoria energética
13
L" $'$0!" *o%" *$ " /o')$tido $' u'" &u -u$'" o#/i+' d$ $'$0!" "%t$'"ti)" #"" %o* u&"'o* d$ u'" "#o)$/"d" d$ u'" &"'$" "*o&-o*" #"" $% -$'$i/io d$% &i*&o.
DESARROLLO P$%$ &'$ C$($ )*+$% E' $% o0" #"" %o* *$$* u&"'o* $* u'o d$ %o* %u0"$* &@* !'ti&o* do'd$ *$ *i$'t$' &$o #o di/"* /o&odid"d$* %"* /u$%$* ti$'$' "-%"'do d$ $*to %"* '$/$*id"d$* d$% o&-$ "' "u&$'t"do /o' $% ti$&#o t"&-i1' " -u*/"do %" o&" d$ *o%u/io'"%"* "*i$'do *u )id" u' #o/o &@* @/i% #o d$/i%o "*! *i' $&-"0o di/"* /o&odid"d$* #%"/$$* /u$*t" $' $*t$ /"*o %"* $'$0!"*. Co'*u&i $'$0!" $* *i'+'i&o d$ "/ti)id"d> d$ t"'*o&"/i+' d$ #o0$*o> *i$&#$ u$ $*$ /o'*u&o $*t1 "u*t"do " 'u$*t"* '$/$*id"d$* t"t$ d$ "#o)$/" "% &@i&o %"* #o*i-i%id"d$* /o't$'id"* $' %" $'$0!". D$*d$ %"* '$/$*id"d$* &@* -@*i/"* #i&iti)"* /"%$'t"*$ /o' u'" o0u$" o /o/i'" %o* "%i&$'to*> " %"* &@* &od$'"* *oi*ti/"d"* /o'*$)" $*o* &i*&o* "%i&$'to* du"'t$ )"io* &$*$* o $')i" &$'*"$* #o $*/ito " t")1* d$ u' "> %" &$o" d$ %"* /o'di/io'$* d$ )id" d$ %o* o&-$* o d$ *u 'i)$% d$ -i$'$*t" "' $i0ido *i$&#$ di*#o'$ d$ u' $/$d$'t$ d$ $'$0!" u$ #udi$*$ *$ /o'*u&ido. E% /o'*u&o d$ $'$0!"> t"&-i1' $' $% o0"> $* #o t"'to *i'+'i&o d$ #o0$*o> d$ "u&$'to d$ %" i'"$*tu/tu"> %o* -i$'$* *$)i/io* di*#o'i-%$* d$ %" *"ti*"//i+' d$ %"* '$/$*id"d$*. U' #i'/i#io $*$'/i"% #"" $% "oo d$ $'$0!" /o'*i*t$ $' /o'o/$ /+&o u'/io'"' %o* $ui#o* "#""to* $' $% o0"> %o* di$$'t$* ti#o* d$ $'$0!" u$ /o'*u&$' $% di*ti'to "#o)$/"&i$'to u$ #od$&o* o-t$'$ d$ $%%o*. E* i&#ot"'t!*i&o t$'$ $' /u$'t" u$ %" t"*/$'d$'/i" %" /o&#%$id"d u$ o $' d!" *u#o'$ $% /o'*u&o d$ $'$0!" $' $% i't$io d$ %o* o0"$*> 'o *+%o 'o $*t@' $id"* *i'o todo %o /o't"io> /o' %" #o*i-i%id"d d$ "/$ u' -u$' u*o d$ $*t" $'$0!" uti%i="%" /o' %" &"o $i/i$'/i". D$ u'" &"'$" $' %" /u"% t$'0"&o* /o&o o-$ti)o "#o)$/" %o &@* u$ *$ #u$d" di/" $'$0!" *i$'do "*! $% "oo $du//i+' d$ 0"*to* $/o'+&i/o* $' $% o0"
Auditoria energética
14
Ta$la 1 %&'TD) DE *RT)' E%ECTR+,&C)' E, C' -B&TC&+,
TV6 TV8 L"#to# DVD Co&#ut"do" T$"to $' /"*" R$i0$"do :o'o d$ &i/oo'd"* Li/u"do" 6, o/o*
Pot$'/i"
Ti$&#o d$ Ti$&#o d$ Pot$'/i" u*o di" u*o &$* &$*
,2 687 H.6 82 867
2 3 8 8 8.5
H2 H7 (7 2 85
(6.65 38.4 6.7H .442 63.685
887 482
6.5 84
2 ,87
8.(4 ,.3H
682 667 ,5
7.78 7.6 (
6 3 627
8.5( 7.33 26
Pot$'/i" tot"%
"%
878.633
TB% 2 C),'./) E,ER0T&C) DE E%ECTR)D)/'T&C)' E, /)D) E'*ER ) C),'./) /&,&/)
TV6 TV8 L"#to# DVD Co&#ut"do" T$"to $' /"*" R$i0$"do :o'o Li/u"do" 6, o/o*
Pot$'/i"
Ti$&#o d$ Ti$&#o d$ Pot$'/i" u*o di" u*o &$* &$*
.H2 6.8 .(6 .3 867
6( 86 87 , 8
427 (37 (77 82 63
,.5( 65.2, ,.3 .52 5.4(
6.5 827 .5( 667 ,5
, 7 83.2 83.H 7
82 7 ,64 ,6, 7
.8H4 7 38.63 83.(( 7
Pot$'/i" tot"%
Auditoria energética
15
(8.684
"%
INVERSIONES EN CASA9:ABITACIÓN E' %" *i0ui$'t$ t"-%" *$ &u$*t"' %o* "#""to* o $%$&$'to* u$ *$ #o#o'$' #"" "o" du"'t$ $% "o #"" " %" -"*" "-it"/i+' TB% TB% DE C)/*RC&+, DE *REC&)'
P$/i o
Eui#o
L@&#""* Ao"do"* d$ E'$0!" 65 4( L@&#""* Ao"do"* d$ E'$0!" 87 H2 Mu%ti/o't"/to*
53
R$i0$"do
2,77
TB% 3 0RF&C DE C),'./) /E,'.% C' -B&TC&+, Chart Title 900 800
780
700 600 500
540
500 Serie 1
Serie 2 390
400 300
150
180 108
100 1 1 Semana 1
Auditoria energética
16
380 320
278
240
200
0
Serie 3 470
2 2 semana 2
32
67 3 3
semana 3
4 4 semana4
30
5 5
semana 5
TB% 4 C),'./) E,ER0T&C) ,.% C'5-B&TC&+, Chart Title 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 julio-ago sto
se ptiemre-octure Serie 1
no!iemre-diciemre Serie 2
ene ro-"erero
Serie 3
L" i&#%$&$'t"/i+' i "dui*i/i+' d$ %"* %@&#""* "o"do"* d$ $'$0!" d$ 65 #"" *u*titui " %"* %@&#""* i'/"'d$*/$'t$* d$ ,5 t$'d!" $% /o'*to *i0ui$'t$
CW /o*to NW 'K&$o d$ #i$="* PW #$/io CWN X P CW 6,X,7 W Y ,28 L" i')$*i+' i'i/i"% *$i" d$ Y ,28.77 A't$io &$'t$ /o' %o* o/o* i'/"'d$*/$'t$* u$ *$ uti%i="-"' $% $/i-o d$ %u= $*t" $' u' "'0o d$ 887 857 #$*o* -i&$*t"%$* d"do %" /%"*$ 8 #"" CFE.
Auditoria energética
17
D$*#u1* d$% /"&-io d$ o/o* #o %@&#""* $' #$/io -"o Y57 %o u$ *i0'ii/" u$ %" i')$*i+' *$ $/u#$"" 6( &$*$* &$dio " #"ti d$ $*$ ti$&#o *$@ u' "oo d$ $'$0!" di'$o 16.2 81
( $ 250 ) =$ 50
$ 782 $ 50
=15.64 meses
D$-ido " u$ $% $i0$"do "/tu"% " *$ $'/o't"-" $' u' u'/io'"&i$'to i'"d$/u"do o i'$i/i$'t$ " u$ *$ *o-$/"%$'t"-" /o'0$%"-" $' $/$*o "u' /u"'do *$ "u*t"-" $% t$&o*t"to $' di$$'t$* o/"*io'$* *$ o#t+ #o "duii u'o 'u$)o d"d"* %"* $/o&$'d"/io'$* u$ *$ #$*$'t"' $' $*t$ do/u&$'to. E' $*t$ /"*o *$ i')$ti@ $' &u%ti/o't"/to* #"" "&#%i" %"* /o'$io'$* t$'$ u' &$o *$)i/io "d$&@* d$ u$ *$@ &@* /+&odo *$0uo #"" %o* "#""to* $%$/t+'i/o* do'd$ *$ #ot$0$@ " di$$'t$* #i/o* d$ )o%t"$ "*i /o&o /o't"/to* $0u%"do* $* #@/ti/o #"" %"* #$*o'"*. CWN X P Co*toW 2 X 45 W 3(7
L" i')$*i+' *$i" d$ Y 3(7.77
S$ i')$ti@' Y3(7 #$*o* %o u$ /o' %%$)" " u$ 0$'$"%&$'t$ 'o *$ o-t$'d@ u'" 0"'"'/i" #o't" 'i "#o#i"d" #o $% &o&$'to d$ i0u"% &"'$" $* u'" i')$*i+' u$ "u'u$ *$" $' u' ti$&#o %$"'o *$ $/u#$"" *$@ $'t"-%$ #u$* $* &$o t$'$ #ot$0ido* %o* $%$/todo&1*ti/o* "*! /o&o *$ #u$d$ "/$ )"%id" %" 0""'t!".
E' $% 0"* "'t$io &$'t$ " %" "uditoi" $'$01ti/" *$ *u )id" d$ u*o $' u' t"'u$ d$ 37 0 d$ 0"* $" d$ 3 &$*$* $% d$ 87 Q0 $" d$ 8 &$*$*
Auditoria energética
18
D$*#u1* d$ %" "uditoi" /o' %o* /o'*$o* &$'/io'"do* $% 0"* *i0u$ *i' #od$ )$ /o'*id$"-%$&$'t$ u'" $du//i+' $' $% /o'*u&o to&"'do $'/u$'t" d$ u$ $' $% o0" do'd$ *$ $"%i=+ %" "uditoi" $% -oi%$ #"" /"%$'t" $% "0u" #"" -""*$ 'o u'/io'" $% "0u" #"" /"%$'t" *$ $"%i=" $' %" $*tu" > *$ $*t@ $"%i="'do u'" /oti="/i+' /o' %o* du$o* d$ %" /"*" #"" %" o-t$'/i+' d$ u' /"%$'t"do *o%" #$o d$-ido " %" t$&#o"d" d$ i')i$'o u$ $* do'd$ *$ uti%i=" &"o&$'t$ $*t$ *i*t$&" 'o $* u'" o#/i+' )i"-%$ #o $% /o*to d$ i')$*i+' i'i/i"%.
CONSEJOS ;TILES PARA LA AUDITORIA R$$&#%"=o d$ o/o* #o %@&#""* "o"do"* $*t" "o""' u' #o/o &"* %" i%u&i'"/i+' $* u$ #o#o/io'"' $* &$o &$'o* /"'*"d" A*$0u"*$ d$ u$ "% do&i todo $% "%u&-"do d$% o0" $*t$ "#"0"do *o%o *i $* '$/$*"io #"" u' 'i)$% d$ *$0uid"d *o%o %o $*/$'/i"%. D$*/o'$/t" %o* "#""to* &i$'t"* 'o *$ $*t1' uti%i="'do " u$ "u'u$ 'o *$ $*t1' uti%i="'do #$o *i0"' /o'$/t"do* "%0u'o* "#""to* /o'*u&$' "*t" u' (7 d$ /u"'do $*t@' u'/io'"'do. E' $% #%"'/"do *$ $/o&i$'d" u$ *$ #%"'/$ u'" )$= #o *$&"'" tod" %" o#" /o&#%$t" /o&$'="'do #o %" o#" u$ $ui$$ &@* )"#o "*! *u/$*i)"&$'t$ E' $% %")"do $' %")"do" $* $/o&$'d"-%$ uti%i="%" $' *u /"#"/id"d tot"% #"" "*! #od$ %")" u'" -u$'" #"t$ d$ o#" $' &$'o ti$&#o
A% $*t@ )i$'do %" TV *i $' 8 o &@* "-it"/io'$* *$ $*t@ )i$'do u'" &i*&" t"*&i*i+' $* $/o&$'d"-%$ u$ *$ )$" $' u' *o%o "#""to Cu"'do *$ $*t@ uti%i="'do $% 0"* $' $*tu" o -oi%$ $* $/o&$'d"-%$ $' %" $*tu" t$'$ u'" %%"&" &$di" &i$'t"* t"'to $' $% -oi%$ "#"0"%o "% t$&i'"*$ d$ -"" o d$"%o $'/$'dido #o /i$to ti$&#o #"" u$ todo* *$ -"$' $' u'" *o%" )$= A%0u'o* oto* /o'*$o* d$ "oo $'$01ti/o #"" o0"$* /o' di*ti'to* "dit"&$'to* *o' %o* *i0ui$'t$*
CONSEJOS PARA A:ORRAR CASA :ABITACIÓN POR CFE
Auditoria energética
19
A,%- $*'/,,*'$/* 0 $1-2$,3': Uti%i=" %" )$0$t"/i+' " tu ")o #%"'t" @-o%$* $' #u'to* $*t"t10i/o* "ud" " d$*)i" %"* /oi$'t$* d$ "i$ !o $' i')i$'o " 0$'$" *o&-"* $' $% )$"'o. M$di"'t$ %" i'*t"%"/i+' d$ to%do* d$ %o'" o "%$o* i'/%i'"do*> #$*i"'"* d$ "%u&i'io> )idio* #o%"i="do*> $/u-i&i$'to*> &"%%"* #$%!/u%"* #%@*ti/"*> *$ $)it" u$ $% *o% %%$0u$ di$/t"&$'t$ "% i't$io. A*! *$ #u$d$' o-t$'$ "oo* $' $% /o'*u&o d$ $'$0!" $%1/ti/" #o $% u*o d$ "i$ "/o'di/io'"do. E% "i*%"&i$'to "d$/u"do d$ t$/o* #"$d$* "ud" " &"'t$'$ u'" t$&#$"tu" "0"d"-%$ $' %" /"*". Si uti%i="* u'id"d$* /$'t"%$* d$ "i$ "/o'di/io'"do> "!*%" t"&-i1' %o* du/to*. E* $%"ti)"&$'t$ *$'/i%%o *$%%" %"* )$'t"'"* #u$t"* d$ %" /"*" /o' #"*t" d$ *i%i/+'> #"" u$ 'o $'t$ $% !o $' %o* &$*$* d$ i')i$'o 'o *$ $*/"#$ $' %o* &$*$* /"%uo*o*. Cu"'do /o&#$* o $&#%"/$* $% $ui#o> )$ii/" u$ *$" $% "d$/u"do " tu* '$/$*id"d$*. D"%$ &"'t$'i&i$'to #$i+di/o %i&#i" %o* i%to* $0u%"&$'t$. Vi0i%" $% t$&o*t"to> #u$d$ *i0'ii/" u' "oo "di/io'"% d$ $'$0!" $%1/ti/" *i #$&"'$/$ " 62ZC (5ZF $' $% i')i$'o> " 85ZC ,2ZF $' )$"'o. E' /%i&" *$/o u*" $% /oo%$> $* &@* $/o'+&i/o /o'*u&$ &$'o* $'$0!" u$ $% "i$ "/o'di/io'"do.
A(4,%$/*%$: Lo* i%to* %o* d$#+*ito* d$ #o%)o -"*u" d$ %" "*#i"do" *"tu"d" "/$' u$ $% &oto t"-"$ *o-$/"0"do $du=/" *u )id" Kti%. C@&-i"%o* /"d" )$= u$ *$" '$/$*"io. V$ii/" u$ %" &"'0u$" %o* "//$*oio* $*t1' $' -u$' $*t"do.
A&/,* 0 56/-*: No d$$* $'/$'did"* %@&#""*> "dio*> t$%$)i*o$* u oto* "#""to* $%1/ti/o* /u"'do '"di$ %o* $*t@ uti%i="'do.
H*%'* 0 7*(7$/*%: M"'t1' *i$&#$ %i&#io* d$ $*iduo* $% o'o d$ &i/oo'd"*> $% o'o $%1/ti/o $% to*t"do> "*! du"@' &@* ti$&#o /o'*u&i@' &$'o* $'$0!".
I1&8,'$,3':
Auditoria energética
20
Uti%i=" %@&#""* %uo$*/$'t$* /o&#"/t"* $' *u*titu/i+' d$ o/o* i'/"'d$*/$'t$* 1*t"* #o#o/io'"' $% &i*&o 'i)$% d$ i%u&i'"/i+'> du"' di$= )$/$* &@* /o'*u&$' /u"to )$/$* &$'o* $'$0!" $%1/ti/". Pi't" $% i't$io d$ %" /"*" /o' /o%o$* /%"o*> %" %u= *$ $%$" $' $%%o* $ui$$* &$'o* $'$0!" #"" i%u&i'". I'(7$1$,3' -197%,$: Co&#u$-" u$ %" i'*t"%"/i+' $%1/ti/" 'o t$'0" u0"*. P"" $*o> d$*/o'$/t" todo* %o* "#""to* $%1/ti/o*> i'/%u$'do $%o$* ti&-$ "#"0" tod"* %"* %u/$* )$ii/" u$ $% di*/o d$% &$dido 'o 0i$ *i $% di*/o *i0u$ 0i"'do> &"'d" $)i*" %" i'*t"%"/i+'.
L$5$/*%$: C"0" %" %")"do" "% &@i&o #$&i*i-%$ /"d" )$=> "*! di*&i'ui@ $% 'K&$o d$ *$*io'$* d$ %")"do *$&"'"%. Uti%i=" *+%o $% d$t$0$'t$ '$/$*"io $% $/$*o #odu/$ &u/" $*#u&" "/$ t"-"" "% &oto &@* d$ %o /o')$'i$'t$.
L,&$/*%$: U'" %i/u"do" u$ t"-"" /o' "/i%id"d du" &@* 0"*t" &$'o* /o&#u$-" u$ %"* "*#"* *i$&#$ t$'0"' i%o 'o $*t1' u$-"d"*.
P1$')$: L" #%"'/" $* oto "#""to u$ /o'*u&$ &u/" $'$0!". Uti%i="%" d$ &"'$" od$'"d" #o0"&"d"> "o" $'$0!" $du/$ %o* 0"*to*. P%"'/" %" &"o /"'tid"d #o*i-%$ d$ o#" $' /"d" o/"*i+'> d"do u$ /o'$/t" &u/"* )$/$* %" #%"'/" o/"*io'" &@* 0"*to d$ $'$0!" u$ &"'t$'$%" $'/$'did" #o u' "to. P%"'/" #i&$o %" o#" 0u$*"> o u$ '$/$*it$ &@* /"%o> d$" #"" $% i'"% %" d$%0"d"> u$ $ui$$ &$'o* /"%o d$*/o'$/t" %" #%"'/" #o/o "'t$* d$ t$&i'" #"" "#o)$/" %" t$&#$"tu" "/u&u%"d". No d$$* %" #%"'/" /o'$/t"d" i''$/$*"i"&$'t$. R$)i*" %" *u#$i/i$ d$ %" #%"'/" #"" u$ $*t1 *i$&#$ t$*" %i&#i" "*! *$ t"'*&iti@ $% /"%o d$ &"'$" u'io&$. R$)i*" u$ $% /"-%$ %" /%")i" $*t1' $' -u$'"* /o'di/io'$*.
R-2%,+-%$/*%:
Auditoria energética
21
E% $i0$"do $* u'o d$ %o* "#""to* u$ /o'*u&$ &@* $'$0!" $' $% o0". SitK" $% $i0$"do "%$"do d$ %" $*tu" u$" d$% "%/"'/$ d$ %o* "o* d$% *o%. Co&#u$-" u$ %" #u$t" *$%%$ #$$/t"&$'t$ $)i*" #$i+di/"&$'t$ $% $&#"u$> *i 'o /i$" -i$' #u$d$ 0$'$" u' /o'*u&o "*t" t$* )$/$* &"o "% 'o&"%. D$" $'i" %o* "%i&$'to* "'t$* d$ $i0$"%o*. L" #o*i/i+' /o$/t" d$% t$&o*t"to $* $'t$ %o* 'K&$o* 8 3. E' /%i&" /"%uo*o> $'t$ %o* 'K&$o* 3 4. Si #i$'*"* /o&#" $i0$"do 'u$)o> *$%$//io'" $% u$ /o'*u&" &$'o* $'$0!" $%1/ti/". R$)i*" %" $tiu$t" d$ $i/i$'/i" $'$01ti/"> u$ i'di/" u$ $*$ "#""to /u&#%$ /o' %" No&" Oi/i"% M$i/"'" "o" $'$0!". R$/u$d" u$ %o* d$ d$*i$%o "uto&@ti/o /o'*u&$' 68 &@* d$ $%$/ti/id"d $*o *i0'ii/" &"o 0"*to. D$*/o'0$%" $% $i0$"do %i&#i" /o' u' #"o K&$do $% /o/"&-$ u$ *$ "/u&u%" $' %" #"t$ #o*t$io> #o %o &$'o* /"d" do* &$*$*. Li&#i" %o* tu-o* d$% /o'd$'*"do u-i/"do* $' %" #"t$ #o*t$io o i'$io d$% "#""to #o %o &$'o* do* )$/$* "% "o. • • •
L")" /o' "0u" "-o' $% $&#"u$ d$% $i0$"do Au&$'t" $' 6Z / #"" "u&$'t" %" $i/i$'/i" No &$t$ /o*"* /"%i$'t$*
Aoo* #o $% u*o d$ %u/$* LED
Ado'o* '")id$o*
Aoo d$ Aoo* Di*&i'u/i+' d$% Co'*u&o $'$0!" Co'*u&o $*ti&"do /o'*u&o /o' %u/$* $' /o' LEDX #o $% u*o #o $% u*o d$ i'/"'d$*/$'t$*X t$&#o"d" d$ LEDXX LED d$/$&-i'" Y
[-o% '")id$o /o' do* *$i$* d$ 377 %u/$* (77 %u/$*
48
68
37
Y8(.(5
,8
(7
Y53.38
,8
<#
=><.<>
>!?
Ado'o $' $t$io$* /o' do* &"'0u$"* d$ (77 %u/$* 6877 %u/$*
T*7$1-(
Auditoria energética
22
24
!
84
;
CONSEJOS PARA A:ORRAR ENERGÍA POR SENER I'*t"%"/i+' $%$/ti/" R$)i*$ u$ $' *u i'*t"%"/i+' 'o $i*t"' #u'to* /"%i$'t$* o \u0"* " ti$"\ #"" /o&#o-"%o> "#"0u$ tod"* %"* %u/$*> d$*/o'$/t$ todo* %o* "#""to* $%1/ti/o* )$iiu$ u$ $% di*/o d$% &$dido NO *i0" 0i"'do. Si %o "/$> $* '$/$*"io $)i*" %" i'*t"%"/i+'. R$/u$d$ u$ u'" \u0"\ d$ /oi$'t$ $* u'" u0" d$ di'$o. Nu'/" /o'$/t$ )"io* "#""to* $' u' &i*&o /o't"/to> " u$ $*to #odu/$ *o-$/"0" $' %" i'*t"%"/i+' #$%i0o d$ *o-$/"%$'t"&i$'to t"&-i1' #o)o/" u'" o#$"/i+' d$i/i$'t$> #o*i-%$* i't$u#/io'$*> /oto* /i/uito* d"o* " %"0o #%"=o. E' /"*o d$ /oto /i/uito> d$*/o'$/t$ i'&$di"t"&$'t$ $% "#""to u$ %o /"u*+ d$&@* "#""to* $%1/ti/o*> #o'0" $' "#"0"do o + /$o todo* %o* "#"0"do$* d$ %"* %@&#""*. Si %" i'*t"%"/i+' d$ *u /"*" ti$'$ i't$u#to t$&o &"0'1ti/o o d$ #"*ti%%"> $*t"-%$=/" %" /oi$'t$ &o)i$'do $% i't$u#to " #o*i/i+' d$ "#"0"do > #o*t$io&$'t$> " %" d$ $'/$'dido *i $' )$= d$ i't$u#to ti$'$ u'" /"" d$ u*i-%$*> -"$ $% i't$u#to 0$'$"% /"&-i$ $% u*i-%$ u'dido. E% "#""to /"u*"'t$ d$% /oto /i/uito d$-$ *$ $#""do #o #$*o'"% /"%ii/"do "'t$* d$ u*"%o 'u$)"&$'t$. J"&@* uti%i/$ &o'$d"*> "%"&-$*> #"#$% d$ $*t"o o d$ "%u&i'io $' %u0" d$ u*i-%$*. Po #ot$//i+'> uti%i/$ *i$&#$ %o* u*i-%$* "d$/u"do*. I%u&i'"/i+' Su*titu" *u* %@&#""* i'/"'d$*/$'t$* o/o* #o %@&#""* %uo$*/$'t$* /o&#"/t"* "o"do"* L" i%u&i'"/i+' $#$*$'t" u'" t$/$" #"t$ d$% /o'*u&o d$ $'$0!" $' %o* o0"$* > #o $'d$> d$ %o u$ *$ #"0" $' $% $/i-o #o /o'*u&o d$ $%$/ti/id"d. E% *u*titui %"* %@&#""* i'$i/i$'t$* #o $i/i$'t$* d" /o&o $*u%t"do u' "oo d$ $'$0!" d$ 57 " ,5 > "d$&@*> #odu/$' i0u"% o &"o i%u&i'"/i+'.
Du"' "*t" 67 )$/$* &@* A#ot"' &"o I%u&i'"/i+' Co'*u&$' u'" t$/$" #"t$ d$ $'$0!" A#ot"' &$'o* /"%o
Auditoria energética
23
TB% " TB% C)/*RT&V %./&,R& F1*&%-(-'7-*84$7$ I'$'/-(-'7-
%@&#"" $i/i$'t$
%@&#"" i'$i/i$'t$
677
8(
,5
87
(7
63
47
66
A#o)$/$ "% &@i&o %" %u= '"tu"% A#"0u$ %" i%u&i'"/i+' $' %"* @$"* do'd$ *$ t$'0" *ui/i$'t$ "#ot"/i+' d$ %u= '"tu"%> "*! /o&o $' %"* @$"* $t$io$*. R$"%i/$ u'" -u$'" %i&#i$=" $' %"* %@&#""* u$ *$ $'/u$'t$' *u/i"*> %o u$ &$o"@ $% 'i)$% d$ i%u&i'"/i+'. Si )i)$ $' u' %u0" d$ /%i&" /@%ido> /i$$ %"* /oti'"* o #$*i"'"* $' $% d!"> #u$* "% "-i%"* $'t"@ %" %u= '"tu"%> #$o t"&-i1' $% /"%o > $' todo /"*o> $% /o*to d$ %" i%u&i'"/i+' "tii/i"% $* &@* -"o u$ $% d$ /%i&"ti=" %" "-it"/i+'. Pi't$ %"* #"$d$* d$ *u o0" /o' /o%o$* /%"o* $*to "ud" " "#o)$/" &$o %" %u=> t"'to %" '"tu"% /o&o %" "tii/i"%. R$"%i/$ $% &"o 'K&$o d$ "/ti)id"d$* "#o)$/"'do %" %u= *o%". Pi$'*$ o "0" u'" %i*t" d$ todo %o u$ #u$d$ $"%i=" du"'t$ $% d!" 'o d$"%o #"" %" 'o/$. Po $$&#%o> $* &$o> #%"'/" "/$ $% "*$o du"'t$ $% d!" /o' %u= '"tu"%. A#""to* $%$/todo&1*ti/o* C"d" u'o d$ %o* "#""to* $%1/ti/o* u$ *$ u*"' $' $% o0" /o'*u&$' di$$'t$* /"'tid"d$* d$ $'$0!"> d$#$'di$'do d$ *u $i/i$'/i" $'$01ti/" d$ /u@'to ti$&#o %o* uti%i/$ u*t$d "% d!" o " %" *$&"'"> "*! /o&o d$ ot"* /o'di/io'$*. Po $$&#%o> $% to*t"do d$ #"' %" #%"'/" u'/io'"' /o'
Auditoria energética
24
$*i*t$'/i"* u$ /o')i$t$' %" $%$/ti/id"d $' /"%o /o'*u&$' &u/" $'$0!" *i' $&-"0o> $% to*t"do *$ uti%i=" *+%o du"'t$ "%0u'o* &i'uto*> &i$'t"* u$ %" #%"'/" *$ u*" &@* ti$&#o > #o %o &i*&o> /o'*u&$ &@* $%$/ti/id"d. Lo* &oto$* d$ %" %")"do" d$ o#"> d$ %" "*#i"do" %" %i/u"do" ti$'$' di$$'t$* #ot$'/i"* > #o $'d$> $* di$$'t$ *u 'i)$% d$ /o'*u&o $%1/ti/o. Lo &i*&o #od$&o* d$/i d$% "dio d$ %" t$%$)i*i+' *i "&-o* $*t@' $'/$'dido* &u/"* o"*> u*t$d #"0"@ &@* #o %o u$ /o'*u&" $% t$%$)i*o u$ #o $% "dio> " u$ $% #i&$o $* d$ u'" &"o #ot$'/i". C"-$ *$"%" u$ %" i%u&i'"/i+' $#$*$'t" %" t$/$" #"t$ d$% /o'*u&o d$ $'$0!" $%1/ti/" $' $% o0"> #$o *i u*t$d ti$'$ u' *i*t$&" "/o'di/io'"do d$ "i$ d$ $' *u /"*"> $% #"'o"&" #u$d$ *$ oto. E% $i0$"do $* t"&-i1' u'o d$ %o* "#""to* u$ &@* /o'*u&$' $'$0!" d$-ido " $%%o> $' $*t$ &i*&o #ot"% %$ $&o* d$di/"do u'" *$//i+' $*#$/i"%. E' u*o* 'o&"%$*> %o* "#""to* u$ &@* /o'*u&$' $'$0!" *$ $'%i*t"' " /o'ti'u"/i+' $' u' od$' d$/$/i$'t$> $% /u"% #u$d$ )"i" $' u'/i+' d$ %o* "tt* d$ #ot$'/i" d$ /"d" u'o d$% ti$&#o u$ u*t$d %o* uti%i/$ "% d!"> *$&"'" o &$* R$i0$"do
Co&#ut"do" t$%$)i*i+'
L")"do" #%"'/"
Audio )id$o
M@* "#""to* $%$/todo&1*ti/o*
M"'t$'0" *i$&#$ %i&#io* %o* "#""to* $%1/ti/o*> #i'/i#"%&$'t$ %o* d$ %" /o/i'". E%i&i'$ %o* $*iduo* d$ $' $% o'o d$ &i/oo'd"*> to*t"do> $t"/to> $t/. Co'*$)"%o* $' -u$' $*t"do #o%o'0" *u du"/i+' $du/$ $% /o'*u&o d$ $'$0!" %o* 0"*to*> /o&o t"&-i1' /o'ti-u$ " %" *$0uid"d d$ %" "&i%i". Uti%i/$ "#""to* d$ "/u$do /o' %"* $/o&$'d"/io'$* d$ u*o> &"'t$'i&i$'to *$0uid"d u$ "/o'*$$ $% "-i/"'t$. R$)i*$ /uid"do*"&$'t$ "u$%%o* "#""to* u$ "% /o'$/t"*$ #odu/$' /i*#"* o Auditoria energética
25
/"%i$'t"' $% /"-%$. No %o* u*$ "'t$* d$ $*o%)$ $% #o-%$&". E' todo /"*o> $* $/o&$'d"-%$ u$ $*to %o "0" u' t1/'i/o /"%ii/"do. A#"0u$ %o* "#""to* u$ #odu/$' /"%o "'t$* d$ t$&i'" d$ u*"%o* 9#%"'/". tu-o* o #i'="* #"" $% /"-$%%o> #"i%%"*> o%%"* $%1/ti/"*> /"%$"/to$*9 #"" "#o)$/" $% /"%o "/u&u%"do. D$*/o'$/t$ %o* "#""to* d$*d$ %" /%")i"> 'u'/" "%$ $% /"-%$. E* i&#ot"'t$ &"'t$'$ $' -u$' $*t"do t"'to $% /"-%$ /o&o $% $'/u$. E)it$ &"'t$'$ $'/$'dido* i''$/$*"i"&$'t$ t$%$)i*o$*> )id$o/"**$t$"*> $ui#o* d$ *o'ido todo* "u$%%o* "#""to* u$ 'o *$ $*t1' uti%i="'do> " u$ "d$&@* d$ d$*#$di/i" $'$0!"> %o* $ui#o* t$'d@' u' $')$$/i&i$'to &@* @#ido "/"-"@' #o 'o *$)i. Piu$ %" /o&id" "'t$* d$ %i/u"%"> "i%$ %"* "*#"* d$ %" %i/u"do" #$i+di/"&$'t$ /@&-i$%"* *i *$ o&#$'.
A*'/,,*'$/*% /- $,%E% "/o'di/io'"do d$ "i$ $* u'o d$ %o* $ui#o* o *i*t$&"* u$ &@* /o'*u&$' $'$0!". E' %u0"$* d$ /%i&" &u /@%ido *$ /o')i$t$ $' u' $ui#o i'di*#$'*"-%$ #"" %o* &i$&-o* d$% o0". Po $%%o $* '$/$*"io u$ u*t$d o-*$)$ %"* *i0ui$'t$* i'di/"/io'$* M"'t$'0" %" "-it"/i+' /$"d" &i$'t"* $*t1 u'/io'"'do $% "/o'di/io'"do d$ "i$. R$du=/" "% &!'i&o %"* $'di"* $'t$ #u$t" #i*o> $' )$'t"'"*> $t/. R$0u%$ %" t$&#$"tu" d$% "/o'di/io'"do d$ "i$ d$ t"% &"'$" u$ u*t$d #u$d" do&i *i' /o-i"*. Si *$ di*#o'$ d$ u' )$'ti%"do> $* $/o&$'d"-%$ "#"0" $% $ui#o> /u"'do %" "-it"/i+' $*t@ !"> $'/$'d$ $% )$'ti%"do> " u$ 1*t$ /o'*u&$ &u/o &$'o* $'$0!". :"0" u$ u' t1/'i/o *$ $'/"0u$ d$ %" $)i*i+' d$ %" $/"0" d$% $i0$"'t$> *i $* '$/$*"io "d$&@* d$ $"%i=" %i&#i$=" 0$'$"% &"'t$'i&i$'to. D" &"'t$'i&i$'to /"d" "o " todo $% $ui#o> %o u$ d$-$ $"%i=" u' t1/'i/o $*#$/i"%i="do. E*t@ /o&#o-"do u$ %o* "/o'di/io'"do$* d$ "i$ u$ ti$'$' do* "o* o &@* *i' &"'t$'i&i$'to> /o'*u&$' $% do-%$ d$ $'$0!". E)it$ "duii u' $ui#o "/o'di/io'"do d$ "i$ u*"do d$ *$0u'd" &"'o "u'u$ 1*t$ *$" i&#ot"do> #u$* *u "%to /o'*u&o d$ $'$0!" %$ *i0'ii/"@ " u*t$d u' /o'*id$"-%$ /o'*t"'t$ 0"*to> u$ " %" %"0" %$ *"%d@ &@* /"o u$ /o&#" u' $ui#o 'u$)o $i/i$'t$.
A,(1$'7-( 79%8,*( E% "i*%"&i$'to t1&i/o #$&it$ "o" "*t" 57 d$ %" $'$0!" u$ *$ uti%i=" #"" %" /"%$"//i+' o $% "i$ "/o'di/io'"do. P"" %o0"%o> #u$d$ $"%i=" %o *i0ui$'t$ M"'t$'0" #u$t"* )$'t"'"* /$"d"*. [-"%"* *+%o /u"'do *$" i'di*#$'*"-%$ $'o)" Auditoria energética
26
$% "i$> $% &$o &o&$'to #"" $'o)"%o $* /u"'do $% "i$ $t$io $*t@ $*/o. T"#$ *$%%$ todo ti#o d$ $'didu"* #"" "*$0u" u$ $% "i$ "/o'di/io'"do u$d$ #$$/t"&$'t$ "i*%"do /"&-i$ )idio* oto*> *$%%$ oii/io* #o %o* /u"%$* #u$d" $*/"#"*$ $% "i$. Lo0" u' +#ti&o "i*%"&i$'to t1&i/o #$&it$ #ot$0$*$ &$o d$% !o $' %" t$&#o"d" i')$'"%. R$)i*$ u$ todo* %o* du/to* $*t1' d$-id"&$'t$ "i*%"do* *i $% "/o'di/io'"&i$'to d$ "i$ $* i't$0"%. A!*%$ %" #"$d> 0$'$"%&$'t$ *$ $u$i@ 83 d$% $*#$*o u$ *$ "#%iu$ "% t$/o. L"* /o&odid"d$* u$ 0$'$"' %" /"%$"//i+' $% "i$ "/o'di/io'"do 'o* #$&it$' u$ %" )id" *$" "0"d"-%$ $' $% o0". Ad$&@*> /o' %o* "i*%"&i$'to* t1&i/o* "o"&o* $'$0!" $du/i&o* 0"*to*.
E'2%,$/*% -5$4*%$7,5* * @**1-% S$ $/o&i$'d" u*"%o $' /%i&"* /@%ido* d$ -"" u&$d"d "&-i$'t"%> $' %u0" d$% "i$ "/o'di/io'"do o $i0$"/i+'> " u$ *u /o*to $* &@* $/o'+&i/o /o'*u&$ &$'o* $'$0!". Si " /u$'t" u*t$d /o' u'o d$ $*to* "#""to* o #i$'*" "duii%o> "#%iu$ %o* *i0ui$'t$* /o'*$o* L!&#i$%o #!'t$%o /"d" )$= u$ %o $ui$"> /o' $% i' d$ $)it" %" oid"/i+'. E* '$/$*"io d" &"'t$'i&i$'to #$i+di/o "% &oto> /u&"/$"*> -"'d"*> #o%$"* -o&-"* d$ "0u". Co%ou$ $% "#""to $' %u0"$* *o&-$"do*. R$)i*$ u$ 'o "" o-*tu//io'$* $' %" /oi$'t$ d$ "i$. E* $/o&$'d"-%$ *u*titui #$i+di/"&$'t$ $% "*#$' o #"" d$ %"* #"$d$* d$% *i*t$&".
V-'7,1$/*% E* $% "#""to #"" /%i&"ti="/i+' u$ &$'o* $'$0!" 0"*t". Po'0" $' #@/ti/" %"* *i0ui$'t$* $/o&$'d"/io'$* M"'t1'0"%o $' -u$' $*t"do No %o d$$ $'/$'dido i''$/$*"i"&$'t$ Li&#i$ #$i+di/"&$'t$ %"* "*#"* Vi0i%$ %" i'*t"%"/i+' d$ %o* )$'ti%"do$* d$ t$/o> " u$ *i 1*t" $* i'"d$/u"d" $% )$'ti%"do \/"-$/$"\> #u$d$ $*u%t" #$%i0o*"> "d$&@* d$ /o'*u&i &@* $'$0!".
CONCLUSIONES
Auditoria energética
27
L" "udito!" $'$01ti/" $* u'" $"&i$'t" &u #od$o*" uti%i=" $' %"* i'du*ti"*> /$'to* /o&$/i"%$* "*t" $' %o* o0"$* d$ u'" &"'$" @/i% $' %" /u"% *$ o-ti$'$' -u$'o* $*u%t"do* &u *"ti*"/toio* M$di"'t$ %"* #o#u$*t"* u$ *$ di$o' *$ %o0+ t$'$ u' "oo d$ $'$0!" *i0'ii/"ti)o #$*$ " *$ #o#u$*t"* *$'/i%%"*> /o' %o u$ *$ #u$d$ o-*$)" u$ $' $% o0" *u$%$ d$*#$di/i"*$ &u/" $'$0!" $%1/ti/". L" i')$*i+' d$ %"* %@&#""* "o"do"* d$ $'$0!" #o#o/io'" u' &$'o 0"*to d$ $'$0!" $% /u"% $' *$ #u$d$ o-*$)" $' %"* t"-%"* "% /o&#" )$ /o&o /o' $% /"&-io *$ $duo $' &@* d$ %" &it"d d$ %" $'$0!" u$ *$ uti%i="-" /o' $% i' d$ i%u&i'". Ad$&@* d$ u$ %" i')$*i+' $/" *$ $/u#$+ $' $% 8 &$*> #o %o u$ *i *$ /"&-i""' %"* %@&#""* i'/"'d$*/$'t$* d$ %o* o0"$* *$ #od!" "o" &u/" $'$0!" "d$&@* *$!" u' "oo d$ di'$o #"" %"* #$*o'"*. E' /i$to* "#""to* d$% o0" 'o *$ #udo $du/i $% /o'*u&o d$ $'$0!" $%1/ti/"> "u' u$ di/o* "#""to* *o' d$ u*o '$/$*"io 'o *$ #u$d$ #$*/i'di d$ *u u*o /o&o %o $* $% $i0$"do> #o %o u$ *! $* u' $i0$"do )i$o *$ $/o&i$'d" u$ *$ /"&-i$ #o u'o &"* 'u$)o. E' $% "oo d$ %" $'$0!" u$ /o'*u&!"' %o* "#""to* $' $*t"do "#"0"do u$ *i0'ii/"ti)o> "u'u$ 'o *$ #udo $du/i "% 677 *u /o'*u&o> $*to $* d$-ido " u$ %"* #$*o'"* 'o $*t@' "/o*tu&-"do* " to&" $*t"* &$did"* &u/"* d$ %"* )$/$* *u$%$' o%)id" d$*/o'$/t" %o* "#""to* u$ 'o $*t@' $' u*o. D$ t"% &"'$" u$ "d$&@* d$ %" $"%i="/i+' d$ %" "uditoi" $'$01ti/" #o'$ $' &"/" %"* o#/io'$* d$ "oo t"&-i1' ti$'$ u$ )$ /o' %" /o'/i$'/i" d$% u&"'o $% $"%&$'t$ *$ /o'*/i$'t$* d$ u$ %" $'$0!" "%0K' d!" *$ )" " t$&i'" u$ *o%o 'o* /o'*t" /uid"%"
REFERENCIAS Ei/i$'/i" $'$01ti/" 9 Fu'd"/i+' Id$" tt#*$*.ii#$di".o0iiC"%ii/"/iC3B3']$'$0C3AHti/"]d$])i)i$'d"* tt#./$.0o-.&/"*"4]I'o&"/io'"%/%i$'t$P"0i'"*Aoo9d$9E'$0i"."*# tt#./o'u$$.0o-.&- tt#./o'u$$.0o-.&-Co'u$$"d&i'i*t"/io']#u-%i/"]$d$"%]8765
Auditoria energética
28
tt#./o'*tu/tio'86.o0$*#"'""ti/%$*$*/o&o9$"%i="9u'"9"uditoi"9$'$0$ti/"99 'o9#$d$*$.t&% tt#.$u$*#9#%u*.'$t*it$*d$"u%ti%$*$*ou/$M"'u"%87#o/$di&i$'to 87"uditoC3AD"*87$'$0C3AHt87I.PDF tt#.$i'#o$t"i%.$udo/*0ui"9d$9"uditoi"*9$'$0$ti/"*9$'9%o/"%$*9/o&$/i"%$*.#d tt#./$"".$*"uditoi"9$'$0$ti/".t&
ANE^OS TECNOLOGÍA FV EN M<^ICO L" i')$*ti0"/i+' d$*"o%%o $' %" t$/'o%o0!" oto)o%t"i/" ti$'$ u'" 0"' t"di/i+' $' $% #"!* *$ $&o't" "*t" %" d1/"d" d$ %o* ,7_* . E% CINVESTAV d$% I'*tituto Po%it1/'i/o N"/io'"% i'i/i+ %" &"'u"/tu" d$ /$%d"* FV *u $'*"&-%$ $' &+du%o*. E' 6H,2 *$ #u*o $' o#$"/i+' u'" #%"t" #i%oto #"" "-i/" 4 # #o "o. L" /"#"/id"d d$ %" #%"'t" #o*t$io&$'t$ u$ i'/$&$'t"d" "*t" %o 87 . A%0u'"* ot"* i'*titu/io'$* /o&o $% L"-o"toio d$ E'$0!" So%" d$ %" UNAM "' $"%i="do i')$*ti0"/i+' $' &"t$i"%$* #"" /$%d"* oto)o%t"i/"*. E% I'*tituto d$ I')$*ti0"/io'$* E%1/ti/"* i'i/i+ $' 6H,H i')$*ti0"/i+' $%"/io'"d" /o' %" i'0$'i$!" d$ #%"'t"* oto)o%t"i/"*. A #"ti d$ %o* H7_*> %" i')$*ti0"/i+' *$ dii0i+ "/i" #$u$"* "#%i/"/io'$* FV $' =o'"* "*i%"d"*. A/tu"%&$'t$ %o* t"-"o* d$ i')$*ti0"/i+' *$ "' dii0ido "/i" do* /"&#o* #i'/i#"%$* *i*t$&"* u$" d$ $d> u$ i'/%u$ %o* *i*t$&"* oto)o%t"i/o* do&i/i%i"io* #"" $%$/tii/"/i+' u"% %o* *i*t$&"* !-ido*> *o%"9$+%i/o9di$*$%. E' %o u$ $*#$/t" " *i*t$&"* FV /o'$/t"do* " %" $d $%1/ti/" %"* i')$*ti0"/io'$* *$ "' $'o/"do *i*t$&"* u$ #u$d$' *$ uti%i="do* #"" d" *o#ot$ "%i)io t1&i/o " %!'$"* d$ di*ti-u/i+' $' =o'"* /o' 0"'d$* #i/o* d$ d$&"'d" du"'t$ $% )$"'o> $% /u"% $* &oti)"do #i'/i#"%&$'t$ #o $% u*o d$ "i$ "/o'di/io'"do.
E1-7%,2,$,3' R&%$1 F*7*5*17$,$ Co' di)$*o* #o0"&"* 0u-$'"&$'t"%$*> *$ "' i'*t"%"do $' $% #"!* &@* d$ (7>777 *i*t$&"* oto)o%t"i/o* $' 87 $*t"do* d$% #"!*. E*t" "/ti)id"d " *ido %%$)"d" " /"-o d$'to d$ #o0"&"* "*i*t$'/i"%$* #o0"&"* #"" &$o" %" /"%id"d d$ )id" d$ /o&u'id"d$* &"0i'"d"* /"$'t$* d$ i'"$*tu/tu" -@*i/". E% I'*tituto d$ I')$*ti0"/io'$* E%1/ti/"* /o'ti-u+ $' $% #o0"&" -i'd"'do "#oo t1/'i/o " %" Co&i*i+' F$d$"% d$ E%$/ti/id"d $' %o $%"ti)o " /"#"/it"/i+' d$ #$*o'"% t1/'i/o %" $&i*i+' d$ $*#$/ii/"/io'$* t1/'i/"*> %"* /u"%$* "' o&"do #"t$ d$ %o* #"u$t$* %i/it"toio* $' #o0"&"* d$ $%$/tii/"/i+' u"% oto)o%t"i/" do'd$ %o* o'do* #"" *u $"%i="/i+' "' *ido "#ot"do* #o $% 0o-i$'o $d$"%. Po*#$/ti)" d$ %" T$/'o%o0!" So%" Foto)o%t"i/" Ot"* i'*titu/io'$* /o&o $% Fid$i/o&i*o d$ Ri$*0o Co&#"tido FIRCO d$ %" S$/$t"!" d$ A0i/u%tu" /o' $% A#oo d$% G%o-"% E')io&$'t"% F"/i%it> %%$)"o' " Auditoria energética
29
/"-o u' #o0"&" d$'o&i'"do E'$0!"* R$'o)"-%$* #"" %" A0i/u%tu". E*t$ #o0"&" -i'd" "#oo i'"'/i$o t1/'i/o " #odu/to$* d$% /"&#o #"" %" i'*t"%"/i+' d$ *i*t$&"* d$ -o&-$o> /$/"* $%1/ti/"*> + t"'u$* d$ $'i"&i$'to todo $%%o /o' $% i' d$ "u&$'t" %" #odu/ti)id"d $'t"-i%id"d d$ #o$/to* d$% /"&#o &$i/"'o. Adi/io'"%&$'t$> $% #o0"&" i'/%u+ %" /"#"/it"/i+' t1/'i/" #"" #$*o'"% d$% Fid$i/o&i*o> #$*o'"% d$ d$#$'d$'/i"* d$ 0o-i$'o* $*t"t"%$*> &u'i/i#"%$* %o* #o#io* -$'$i/i"io* d$% #o$/to. E' $% #"!* *$ " t$'ido t"&-i1' $#$i$'/i" /o' %o* *i*t$&"* !-ido* *o%"9$+%i/o #"" $%$/tii/" #o-%"do*. Uti%i="'do 1*t" t$/'o%o0!"> "/tu"%&$'t$ *$ *u&i'i*t" %" $'$0!" $%1/ti/" $' do* /o&u'id"d$* d$% $*t"do d$ B"" C"%io'i" Su> u' ot$% $' $% $*t"do d$ ui't"'" Roo u'" /"*" "-it"/i+' $' %"* i'&$di"/io'$* d$% Au*/o $' $% Di*tito F$d$"%. I'*titu/io'$* /o&o $% C$'to d$ I')$*ti0"/i+' $' E'$0!" d$ %" UNAM $% CINVESTAV d$% I'*tituto Po%it1/'i/o N"/io'"%> /o'ti'K"' $"%i="'do i')$*ti0"/i+' $' &"t$i"%$* #$%!/u%"* d$%0"d"*. A41,$,*'-( P%*2-(,*'$1-( D$*d$ %" d1/"d" d$ %o* H7_*> %" t$/'o%o0!" oto)o%t"i/" " *ido uti%i="d" #"" *u&i'i*t" $%$/ti/id"d " di$$'t$* "#%i/"/io'$* /o&o *i*t$&"* $*t"/io'$* $#$tido"* d$ &i/oo'd"*> t$%$o'!" *"t$%it"%> $du/"/i+' )!" *"t1%it$ t$%$o'!" /$%u%". E' PEME^ %o* *i*t$&"* oto)o%t"i/o* *o' uti%i="do* #"" *u&i'i*t" $'$0!" " $ui#o* d$ /o&u'i/"/i+'> *$0uid"d /o'to% $' #%"t"o&"* &"i'"* 'o ti#u%"d"*> "d$&@* d$ *$ uti%i="do* #"" %" #ot$//i+' /"t+di/" d$ tu-$!"* $*tu/tu"* &$t@%i/"*. Ot" "#%i/"/i+' i&#ot"'t$ " *ido %o* *i*t$&"* $% u*o d$ oto)o%t"i/o* i'*t"%"do* $' "'/o* i'/"* "0!/o%"* 0"'"d$"* $' %u0"$* "%$"do* d$ %" $d. S,(7-8$( FV C*'-7$/*( $ R-/ L" #i&$" $#$i$'/i" $' M1i/o d$ i't$/o'$i+' d$ u' *i*t$&" oto)o%t"i/o " %" $d $%1/ti/" *$ dio $' 6HH2 $' %"* i'*t"%"/io'$* d$% IIE. E' %" "/tu"%id"d> o#$"' 5 *i*t$&"* FV /o'$/t"do* " $d> /u"to d$ $%%o* #o)$$' #"/i"%&$'t$ %" $'$0!" $u$id" $' i0u"% 'K&$o d$ /"*"* $% $*t"'t$ #o#o/io'" $'$0!" " u' Qio*/o d$ u'" #%"=" #K-%i/" $' $% E*t"do d$ Nu$)o L$+'. M-%$/* FV E% /o&#ot"&i$'to d$% &$/"do oto)o%t"i/o #"" $% #$iodo 6HH8 ` 8774 "o* *$ #$*$'t" $' %" t"-%" (. E* i&#ot"'t$ "/$ 'ot" u$ "*t" $% &o&$'to $% #i'/i#"% &oto d$% &$/"do FV $' M1i/o " *ido %o* #o0"&"* 0u-$'"&$'t"%$* d$ $%$/tii/"/i+' u"%. L"* )$'t"* "'u"%$* d$ &+du%o* FV du"'t$ %o* K%ti&o* "o* "' *ido $' #o&$dio d$ "%$d$do d$ 6 M
C$%$7-%6(7,$( /- 1$ T-'*1*+6$ F*7*5*17$,$ Lo* di*#o*iti)o* FV *o' K'i/o* $' &u/o* *$'tido*> t$'i$'do %"* *i0ui$'t$* /""/t$!*ti/"* #i'/i#"%$* No ti$'$' #"t$* &+)i%$* u$ *$ d$*0"*t$'. No /o'ti$'$' %uido* o 0"*$* u$ #u$d"' d$"&"*$ o u0"*$. No /o'*u&$' /o&-u*ti-%$ #"" o#$". Ti$'$' u'" $*#u$*t" @#id"> "%/"'="'do #%$'" #odu//i+' $%1/ti/" i'*t"'t@'$"&$'t$. No #odu/$' /o't"&i'"/i+' "% 0$'$" $%$/ti/id"d. Auditoria energética
30
R$ui$$' #o/o &"'t$'i&i$'to *i $*t@' /o$/t"&$'t$ "-i/"do* $ i'*t"%"do* E% 25 d$ %"* /$%d"* FV *$ "-i/"' d$ *i%i/io> $% *$0u'do $%$&$'to &@* "-u'd"'t$ $' %" /ot$=" t$$*t$. So' &odu%"$*> #o %o u$ #$&it$' u' "&#%io "'0o d$ "#%i/"/io'$* *o%"$%1/ti/"* Ti$'$' u'" $i/i$'/i" d$ /o')$*i+' d$ %u= *o%" " $%$/ti/id"d $%"ti)"&$'t$ "%t" Ti$'$' "&#%io "'0o d$ /"#"/id"d d$ 0$'$"/i+'> d$ &i/o"t* " M$0""t*. Ti$'$' "%t" $%"/i+' d$ #ot$'/i" " #$*o. S$ #$*t"' #"" i'*t"%"/io'$* %o/"%$*> $*to $*> #ot$'/i" d$*/$'t"%i="d" o di*#$*". L,8,7$,*'-( /- 1*( S,(7-8$( FV: No *o' "K' $/o'+&i/"&$'t$ /o&#$titi)o* #"" %" &"o!" d$ %"* "#%i/"/io'$*> $*#$/i"%&$'t$ $' "#%i/"/io'$* d$ $*/"%" i't$&$di" 0"'d$. P"" %" &"'u"/tu" d$ /i$to ti#o d$ /$%d"* $ui$$ $% &"'$o d$ *u*t"'/i"* u$ #u$d$' *$ 'o/i)"* #"" $% "&-i$'t$ $' /"*o d$ d$*/"0"* "//id$'t"%$*. L"* t$/'o%o0!"* d$ #odu//i+' $*t@' /o'to%"d"* #o %o* #"!*$* i'du*ti"%i="do*.
SISTEMAS FOTOVOLTAICOS S,(7-8$( FV A&73'*8*( Lo* #$u$o* *i*t$&"* oto)o%t"i/o* "ut+'o&o* *o' uti%i="do* #i'/i#"%&$'t$ #"" $%$/tii/"/i+' u"% d$ #$u$"* /o&u'id"d$* "i*%"d"* /"$'t$* d$ i'"$*tu/tu" -@*i/" do'd$ $% 0"do d$ di*#$*i+' d$ %" #o-%"/i+' $* &u "%to> /""/t$!*ti/"* u$ /o&#"t$' &u/"* /o&u'id"d$* d$ Po*#$/ti)" d$ %" T$/'o%o0!" So%" Foto)o%t"i/" %o* #"!*$* $' d$*"o%%o. Lo* /o&#o'$'t$* -@*i/o* d$ 1*t$ ti#o d$ *i*t$&"* *o' $% 0$'$"do oto)o%t"i/o u$ /o')i$t$ %" %u= d$% *o% di$/t"&$'t$ $' $'$0!" $%1/ti/" $' /oi$'t$ di$/t" %" -"t$!" u$ "%&"/$'" %" $'$0!" #odu/id" #o $% &odu%o oto)o%t"i/o "d$&@* d$ #o#o/io'" "uto'o&!" du"'t$ %o* d!"* d$ #o/" i'*o%"/i+' $*t"-%$/$ $% )o%t"$ d$ o#$"/i+' d$% *i*t$&" $% /o'to%"do d$ /"0" /u" u'/i+' $* #ot$0$ " %" -"t$!"> #o#o/io'" i'o&"/i+' *o-$ $% $*t"do o#$"ti)o d$% *i*t$&"> "%-$0" #ot$//io'$* d$% *i*t$&". E' %o* /"*o* do'd$ *$ $ui$$ *u&i'i*t" /oi$'t$ "%t$'"> %o* *i*t$&"* i'/%u$' u' i')$*o d$ /oi$'t$.
F&gura 2 &nstalaciones fotovoltaicas en /é6ico 7or seg8entos de 8ercado 7ara el 7eriodo 19925 23
Auditoria energética
31
