MAKALAH MATA KULIAH GANESA BAHAN GALIAN BATU BATU GRANIT GRANI T
OLEH
SIMPLISIUS N. SAWU SAWU (1206101020) MUHAMMAD IQBAL T. SAGALA (1206101005) LUKAS C. B. WANGA (1206107058)
URUSAN TEKNIK PERTAMBANGAN PERTAMBANGAN !AKULTAS SAINS DAN TEKNIK UNI"ERSITAS UNI"ERSITAS NUSA N USA CENDANA KUPANG 201#
KATA PENGANTAR
P$%& '$$* +,& $-++/ +&*+3 A44+ SWT +/ 34+ ,,*&+/ '++ *+,+3 +/ *+3/+ '&/+ ,++4+ &/& ++3 &'4'+&+/. M++4+ &/& +/ *%$$4 BATU GRANIT “.
D+4+, ',+3+/ &/& &&/+/4+ +,& $/3$ ,/$-++/ 3*&,+ +'& ++ *+/9*+/ +/ 34+ ,,+/3$ ,$+3+/ ,++4+ &/& ++* ++3 '4'+& 3+3 :+3$. A&*/+ /+/ /$ '++*+/ +:+ +4+, /$'$/+/ ,++4+ &/& ,+'& %+$ +*& ',$*/++/ +/ ,+'& 3*++3 $*+/+/9$*+/+/ +4+, ,++4+ &/&. N+,$/ +*++/ +,& /+/+ ,++4+ &/& ++3 *,+/;++3 +& &3+ ',$+ '*3+ ++3 ,/-++& '+'+*+/ +/ &3+ &/&/+/. H+'&4 ,++4+ &/& /+/+ ++3 ,/%+& ++/ &/;<*,+'& +3+$ /$/%+/ +& *+/9 *+/ $/3$ ,$+3+/ ,++4+ '4+/%$3/+. D,&&+/4+ ',<+ ,++4+ &/& ++3 *,+/;++3 +& ,+-+ $/3$ &$+/ '+*&9+*&.
K$+/= A*&4 201#
P/$4&'
DAFTAR ISI
H+4+,+/ $$4 ......................................................................................................& K+3+ P/+/3+*.................................................................................................. ....&& D+;3+* I'&................................................................................................................&&& BAB I > PENDAHULUAN...................................................................................1 1.1. 1.2.
L+3+* B4++/..............................................................................1 T$%$+/ +/ ,+/;++3.......................................................................1
BAB II > ISI...........................................................................................................? 2.1........................................................................................................ D;&/& '&....................................................................................................? 2.2........................................................................................................ P<3/' & B+3$ G*+/&3 & I/ PERTAMBANGAN..............................................................................5 ?.1........................................................................................................ T/& P*3+,+/+/.............................................................................5 BAB I" > PEMAN!AATAN.................................................................................7 #.1........................................................................................................ D& S3<* K PENUTUP..............................................................................................8 5.1. K'&,$4+/.........................................................................................8
DA!TAR PUSTAKA............................................................................................@
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
I.1
Latar Belakang
B+3$ ++4+ /+ ++3 +/ 3$+3 '-+*+ +4+,& +*& ,&/*+4 +/ +3+$ ,&/*+4<&. L+&'+/ 4$+* ++3 B$,&= 4&3<';*= 3*$+3 +*& +3$. D+4+, +3$+/ $,$,/+ ++4+ 3&+ %/&'= +&3$ +3$+/ $= '&,/= +/ ,3+,<*;. D+4+, +/$/+/ +3$ &+'+/+ &++& ++
I.2
Tujuan an !an"aat T$%$+/ +/ M+/;++3 +*& ,$+3+/ ,++4+ &/& +&3$ ,/3+$& ++
/*3&+/ +*& +3$ *+/&3 +/ %$+ '++& '$,* *;*/'& +& &3+ $/3$ ,,++,& ++&,+/+ -+*+ '4<*+'&= /+,+/+/ +/ /<4++/ B+3$ G*+/&3 /+/ +& +/ /+*.
BAB II ISI
2.1. De"#n#$#
G*+/&3 ++4+ +3$+/ 3*<<'+/ +/ 3*%+& ,4+4$& *<'' ,$+/ ,+,+ & *,$++/ $,& /+/ 3,*+3$* +/ '3+&4.
B+3$ *+/&3 ,,&4&& '&;+3 +'+, *$3&* +'+* &/+ '+/ '*3+ :+*/+ 3*+/ +$+/= -<4+3+/= +/ ,*++/. S4+&/ &3$= +3$ *+/&3 ,*$++/ %/&' +3$+/ &/3*$'&; = ;4'& = &/$' +/ $,$, +/ +/+ &3,$+/. G*+/&3 +/++/ '+*= *+' +/ $+3= +/ <4 +*/+ &3$ +/+ &$/++/ '++& +3$+/ $/3$
.
2.2 %ara Terja#
G*+/&3 &3,$+/ +4+, 4$3
,&/*+4 '+*. P4$3
•
G*+/&3 3*3$ +*& $3&*+/9$3&*+/ ,&/*+4 '+* +/ *'+3$ *+3. G*+/&3 '4+4$ 3*&*& +3+' ,&/*+4 $+*'+ +/ ;4'+*= /+/ +3+$ 3+/+ %/&'
•
,&/*+4 4+&/ & +4+,/+. H+,&* ',$+ %/&' *+/&3 */3$ $ +/ 4$3
•
$3&*+/ ++ +3$ *+/&3 ,*$++/ $3& <3/3& +'+4 4$3
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o B+3$+/ $ +'+, *$3&* +'+*. o B+3$+/ *+/&3 *:+*/+ 4+$ +/ 3*++3 &/3&9&/3& &3+,. o M&/*+4 ,/3$/+ *:+*/+ 3*+/ (K$+*'+ O*3<4+'). P*<'' ,$+//+ *4++/ +/ %+$ +*& *,$++/ $,&. o S$'$/+/ &,&+/+ 3*&*& +*& A42O?= S&O2= T&O2= K2O= !2O?= MO= o
o
C+O= M/O= !O= N+2O= H2OF= P2O5. B+3$+/ *+/&3 */3$ ++3 3+ *+'& /+/ +'+, '$4;+3= *,$++/ +'+*= *+3= 3&+ ,$+ +/-$*= +/ *&4+$.
2.&. P'ten$# (atu gran#t # In'ne$#a
K3*++3+/ +3$ *+/&3 & I/
BAB III PERTA!BANGAN
&.1 Tekn#k Pena)(angan
T/& /,+/+/ *+/&3 +3+$ *+/<&<*&3 &4+$+/ '*3& ++ /+,+/+/ +/'&3. M,*3&,+/+/ :+*/+ +/ 3'3$* *+/&3 +3+$ *+/<&<*&3 4& &/+ &+/&/ /+/ +/'&3= /+,+/+/ +4+, /3$ +4< $/3$ '4+/%$3/+ &<3
&.1.1. Ek$*l'ra$#
P/4$'$*+/
3*++3+/
/++/
+3$
*+/&3
&4+$+/
/+/
,,4+%+* '3*$3$* <4<& +3$+/ & +*+ '&3+* %+4$* $/$/ +&= +/3+*+ 4+&/ /+/ ,/-+*& '&/++/9'&/++/ /+/ <4&'3*& +3+$ ,4+$+/ /<*+/
+/ ,$+3+/
*++
'$,$*
$%&.
S4+/%$3/+=
&$+3
3+
3<<*+;& +*+ +/ &*&*++/ ,/+/$/ /++/ +3$ +$/ /+/ '+4+ +/ '+* $/+ ,4+$+/ '4<*+'& 3+&4. E'4<*+'& 3+&4 *3$%$+/ $/3$ ,/3+$& $+4&3+' +/ $+/3&3+' -++/+/ /+/ 4& +'3&. M3< '4<*+'& +/ &$/++/ &+/3+*+/+ ++4+ /+/ /<*+/ (<* 3+/+/ +/ <* ,'&/) +3+$ /+/ ,$+3+/ '$,$* $%&. D+4+, ,//3$+/ ,3< ,+/+ +/ ++/ &++&= +*$' &4&+3
&$/++/ +4+, *&3$/+/
*/-+/++/ 3+,+/.
-++/+/
+/ ,$+3+/
&.1.2 Pena)(angan
P++ $,$,/+= /++/ +3$ *+/&3 3*43+ +3 *,$++/ $,&= '&/+ /+,+/+//+ &4+$+/ /+/ -+*+ 3+,+/ 3*$+ +/ '43&;. P/$+'+/ 3+/+ /$3$ ++3 &4+$+/
/+/ +4+39+4+3
'*+/+
('-+*+
,+/$+4) +3+$$/ /+/ +4+39+4+3 +/ ,+/&'= '*3& $44<*= '-*+*= +/ 4+&/94+&/. L+&'+/ /++/ +3$ +$//+ '/&*& ++3 &+4& /+/ ,/$/++/ excavator +/3+*+ 4+&/ buildozer +3+$ power shovel = 4+4$ &,$+3 4+/'$/ +4+, 3*$ $/3$ &+/$3 +*& /<4++/.
&.1.&. Peng'la+an
U/3$ ,/+'&4+/ +3$ *+/&3 /+/ $+4&3+' +/ ''$+& /+/ *'+*+3+/ '<* +3+$ $3$+/ & '-3<*
BAB I, PE!ANFAATAN
B+3$ *+/&3 4& +/+ &$/++/ & '3<*
-.1. D# $ekt'r k'n$truk$#
M+/;++3 +3$ *+/&3 +/3+*+ 4+&/ '++& ++/ +$ ,$+3+/ 34= +3$ &+'= '4+&/ &3$ 4,+*+/ *+/&3 +3+$ *+/<&<*&3 +/ '$+ &<4' ++3 &*$/++/ '++& 4+/3+& +3+$ <*/+,/ &/&/. B+3$+/ &/& ++&4+ 3*/+ '&/+* ,+3++*& +/ +&* $%+/ *4+3&; 4& *'&'3/ &+/&/ /+/ ,+*,*. D&'+,&/ &3$ *+/&3 +3+$ *+/<&<*&3 &,+/;++3+/ %$+ '++& ,%+ +/ 4+&//+. S&'+ <3
-.2. D# $ekt'r #nu$tr#
G*+/&3 &+'+/+ &$/++/ $/3$ +4+, &+/ &/$'3*& +/ *++'+= *+/&3 %$+ +/+ &++& '++& &+/ +-$+/ +4+, *++& /$$*+/ +/ +4+3 /$$*. H+4 &/& &+*/++/ *+/&3 *'&;+3 + +&*= +$ (*&&)= /
BAB , PENUTUP ,.1
Ke$#)*ulan
K'&,$4+/ +/ ++3 & +,&4 +*& ,++'+/ & +3+' ++4+> G*+/&3 ++4+ +3$+/ 3*<<'+/ +/ 3*%+& ,4+4$& *<'' ,$+/ ,+,+ & *,$++/ $,& /+/ 3,*+3$* +/ '3+&4. B+3$ *+/&3 ,,&4&& '&;+3 +'+, *$3&* +'+* &/+ '+/ '*3+ :+*/+ 3*+/ +$+/= -<4+3+/= +/ ,*++/. S4+&/ &3$= +3$ *+/&3 ,*$++/ %/&' +3$+/ &/3*$'&; = ;4'& = &/$' +/ $,$, +/ +/+ &3,$+/. G*+/&3 +/++/ '+*= *+' +/ $+3= +/ <4 +*/+ &3$ +/+ &$/++/ '++& +3$+/ $/3$
,<3
