Biomekanik Pergerakan Gigi

BIOMEKANIK PERGERAKAN GIGI Dwi Prijatmoko, DDS., PhD.

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Pendahuluan Daar !"rawata# orto$o#i a$a%ah a$a#&a  !ri#i! 'ahwa 'i%a (at( t"ka#a# $i'"rika# )(k(! %ama !a$a *i*i, aka# t"rja$i  !"r*"rakka# *i*i kar"#a t(%a#* $i"kitar *i*i m"#*a%ami r"mo$"%  +i*i m"%"kat !a$a t(%a#* a%"o%ar m"%a%(i  !"ra#taraa# %i*am"# !"ro$o#ta% 

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Apa yang diperlukan agar gigi dapat bergerak?

+i*i Jara#*a# !"rio$o#ta% %i*am"#t "hat T(%a#* t"ka#a# 

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Tulang 

P"ra#a# T(%a#*

Structural: Metabolic:

Tra'")(%ar 'o#" )o#ta#t t(r#o"r 

orti)a% 'o#" %ow t(r#o"r 

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Ot")%at

Bone Turnover 

Ot"o'%at

Diko#tro% o%"h aktor it"mik $a# %oka%

Mo#oit 

Ligamen periodontal T"'a% 0. mm  Kom!o#"##&a m"%i!(ti  S"ra'(t ko%a*"# &a#* t"rta#am $a%am "m"#t(m $a# t(%a#* !"rio$o#ta%  %"m"# "%(%"r  i'ro'%a, ot"o'%a, "m"#to'%a  4ak(%ariai  !"r&araa# 

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Elemen seluler i'ro'%a '"r(#*i m"m!"r'aiki matrik ko%a*"# !a$a %i*am"# !"rio$o#ta%  Ot"ok%a $a# "m"#tok%a m"r"or'i t(%a#* a%"o%ar $a# "m"#t(m  Ot"o'%a $a# "m"#tok%a m"m'"#t(k#&a k"m'a%i  aira# jari#*a# '"r(#*i "'a*ai !"r"$am *"tara#/t"ka#a# 

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Saat fungsi normal P normal 

S"%ama !"#*(#&aha# Saat *i*i a%i#* ko#tak, m"#*hai%ka# t"ka#a# "'"ar 172k* 8maka#a# %(#ak9 0k* 8maka#a# k"ra9.

Pa$a aat m"#*(#&ah t(%a#* a%"o%ar  '"r('ah '"#t(k $a# *i*i "$ikit '"r*"rak $a%am ok"t

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Te!anan "P# $esar  aira# jari#*a# k"%(ar $ari %i*am"#, "hi#**a *i*i m"#"ka# %i*am"#  !"rio$o#ta% $a# m"#im'(%ka# raa akit  Raa akit tim'(% kar"#a !"r&araa# t"rt"ka#  ;i%a '"r%a#*(#* %ama maka aka# t"rja$i #"kroi !a$a $a"rah &a#* t"rt"ka# kar"#a (!%& o2  '"rh"#ti 

:

Te!anan ringan % lama Da!at m"#**"rakka# *i*i  T"ka#a# o%"h %i$ah !a$a k"'iaaa# )ara #m"#"%a# a%ah $a# Makro*%oi  T"ka#a# 'i'ir !a$a
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Phenomena Erupsi Gigi +"raka# &a#* t"rja$i kar"#a a$a#&a t"ka#a# $a%am jari#*a# %i*am"#  !"rio$o#ta%  M"ka#im" "r(!i t"r*a#t(#* !a$a aktiita m"ta'o%im" &a#* '"rh('(#*a# $"#*a# ormai, !"ri%a#*a# $a#  !"m"#$"ka# "ra'(t7"ra'(t ko%a*"#.  Pro" i#i '"r%a#j(t am!ai t(a $a%am ka!aita &a#* m"#(r(#. 

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Respon ligamen periodontal thd te!anan alat ortodonsi R"!o# th$ P t"r( m"#"r( !a$a *i*i m"r(!aka# (#*i '"ar#&a ! 8t"ka#a#9.  P ;"rat  Tim'(% raa akit,  ="kroi "%"m"# "%(%"r T"rja$i (#$"rmi#i#* r"or!tio# $a# +i*i *o&a#*. 

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T"ka#a# 8P9 Ri#*a#  1. %"m"# "%(%"r t"ta! '"r(#*i $a#  '"r$""r"#iai h* t"rja$i !ro" r"mo$"%i#*. 2. Ti$ak a$a raa akit 3. T"rja$i ro#ta% r"or!tio#

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&ndermining Resorption R"or!i t(%a#* a%"o%ar $i'a%ik %ami#a $(ra &a#* t"rja$i kar"#a !ro" #"kroi.  ;i%a #"kroi m"%"'ar, %ami#a $(ra aka# ha#)(r $a# m"#*aki'atka# !"%"'ara# %i*am"# !"rio$o#ta%  +i*i aka# m"#ja$i *o&a#*  T"rja$i *"raka# Jump and delay 

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&ndermining Resorption

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'rontal Resorption R"or!i t(%a#* a%"o%ar !a$a !"rm(kaa# %ami#a $(ra &a#* t"rja$i kar"#a aktiita ot"ok%a h* t"rja$i r"mo$"%i#* t(%a#* .  >ami#a $(ra aka# $i'"#t(k k"m'a%i o%"h aktiita ot"o'%a.  +i*i ti$ak aka# m"#ja$i *o&a#*  T"rja$i *"raka# ko#ti#&( 

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Grafi! pergera!an gigi +"raka# *i*i 8mm9 ro#ta% R  ?#$"rmi#i#* R 

Wakt( 8hr9 15

Bagaimana $isa ter(adi proses remodeling tulang )  BIOLOGIC ELECTRICITY /  PIEZOELECTRIC THEORY ( BIOELEKTRIK)

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 PRESSURE TENSION BLOOD FLOW THEORY 

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 MICROFRACTURES 

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PIE*OELE+TRI+ T,EOR+"rakka# *i*i o%"h kar"#a hai% m"ta'o%im" t(%a#* &a#* $i!"#*ar(hi o%"h !"r('aha# a%ira# %itrik &a#* tim'(% aki'at %"#t(ra#7 %"#t(ra# &a#* t"rja$i !a$a t(%a#* a%"o%ar aki'at t"ka#a# !a$a *i*i 1:

 Aliran .Pie/oele0tri01 . hort $(ratio# ;"#$i#* o )o%%a*"# a#$ 'o#" r"(%t i# "%")tro# mo"m"#t withi# )r&ta% %atti)"  =o i*#a% @ 'o#" atro!h&

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Str"ami#* !ot"#tia% Mo"m"#t o *ro(#$ ('ta#)" r"(%t i# a  !ot"#tia% $i"r"#)" M(ata#  8$a"rah t"ka#a#9 M(ata# 7 8$a"rah r"*a#*a#9

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PRESS&RE TENSION BLOO2 'LO3 T,EOR1.

P"r*"rakka# *i*i kar"#a   !"r('aha# "%(%"r aki'at !"r('aha# t"ka#a# a%ira# $arah Da"rah t"ka#a# a$a !"#&"m!ita# PD Da"rah r"*a#*a# a$a P"%"'ara# PD

2. M"ra#*a#* t"rja$i#&a !"r('aha# "%"m"# "%(%"r $ari '"#t(k !ro*"#i#&a 21

Pergera!an gigi $ergantung pada ;"ar T"ka#a# &a#* $i'"rika#  >ama T"ka#a# $i'"rika# 

Light force/short duration  B 1 K* /B 1 $"tik9

or)" a'or'"$ '& PD> 7 #o "")t 8PD> i a)ti"%& ta'%" 7 710*9 Light force/long duration ! 1K* / )o#ti#(o( 9

Pro*r"i" tooth mo"m"#t o))(r 22

Tekanan Orthodonsi 

;"rat @ !ai#  (#$"rmi#i#* r"or!tio# I$"a% @ o)k"t r"mo$"%i#* 8ro#ta% r"or!tio#9

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Da%am Prakt"k 7 (#$"rmi#i#* r"or!tio# "ri#* t"rja$i

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Tipe Pergerakan Gigi Ti!!i#*  Tra#%atio#  Rotatio#  Ctr(io#  I#tr(io# 

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TIPPING "ergera#an orthodonsi sederhana

   T"rja$i !a$a )"#tr" o r"ita#)"    81/3 $ari a!ika%9

T"ka#a# !a$a $a"rah a!ika% $a# a%"o%ar kr"t '"ar,  M"#ja$i 0 !a$a )"#tr" o r"ita#)" 

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+entre of resistan0e "45 dari api!al#

or)" 7 075*

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Translation "Bodil6# Bodil$ %ove%ent ;"'a# $i$a"rah t"ka#a# $a# r"*a#*a# ama '"ar 

or)" 7 075*

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Rotation Rotasi7 Theoreti0all6 need high for0e

or)" 7 07100*

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E8trusion &era#an #e o#lusal  M"#)i!taka# $a"rah r"*a#*a# !a$a "ra'(t PD> 

or)" 7 0*

2:

Intrusion 'ertical %ove%ent  or)" )o#)"#trat"$ at root a!"C 

or)" 7 0*

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Orthodonti0 ad9erse affe0ts E Jari#*a# P(%!a  E Akar *i*i  E PD>  E T(%a#* 

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Pulpa Mini%al  Transient infla%%ator$ res(onse 

Da!at k"hi%a#*a# ita%ita  )om!romi"$ t""th  T"ka#a# '"ar   +"raka# &* a%ah 

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 A!ar gigi 

da resor(si dan re(osisi ce%entu%

T"r(tama t"rja$i !a$a !"rio$" Fr"tG  Pa#ja#* Akar 'iaa#&a '"rk(ra#* 172 mm 

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Ligamen periodontal *arang  K")(a%i T"ka#a# '"ar $a%am ja#*ka %ama 

A$a !"#&akit !"rio$o#ta%

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