CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT SULTAN AZLAN SHAH POLYTECHNIC
17 July 2013
Lecturer : Mrs.Nor Mazana Binti Ismail Department Of Civil Engineering
CHAPTER 1 : WATER RESOURCES AND QUALITY
Water is not the most essential commodity for the sustainance of life. Water makes everything grow but, there is a saying “water water every where but not a drop to drink.” It emphasises the importance of potable water. Water for human consumption ought to be pure & wholesome. Water plays an important role in making human life not only survive but comfortable & luxurious.
17 July 2013
Lecturer : Mrs.Nor Mazana Binti Ismail Department Of Civil Engineering
WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
The complete layout of getting water from the source, treating it for removing impurities and then, distributing it to the public for various uses, is called Water supply System
17 July 2013
Lecturer : Mrs.Nor Mazana Binti Ismail Department Of Civil Engineering
REQUIREMENTS OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM It should satisfy the following requirements : *Water should be available in adequate quantity. *Water to be supplied should be free from impurities & bacteria. *It should be cheap. *Water should be readily available to the consumers. *It must be readily disposed off after it has served its purpose 17 July 2013
Lecturer : Mrs.Nor Mazana Binti Ismail Department Of Civil Engineering
IMPORTANCE OF WATER SUPPLY ENGINEERING To ensure adequate supply of portable water a well organized water supply system is essential. The engineer has to work out the demand for domestic, commercial and public use and water for the source of supply which can provide adequate supply to meet the demand of the city.
17 July 2013
Lecturer : Mrs.Nor Mazana Binti Ismail Department Of Civil Engineering
IMPORTANCE OF WATER SUPPLY ENGINEERING Water supply is used for the following purpose : **Drinking & cooking **Bathing & washing **Street washing **Watering of lawns & gardens **Fire extinguishing **Swimming pools & display of fountains **Air-conditioning & heating system **Industries & irrigation **Disposal of household sewage **Recreational purpose 17 July 2013
Lecturer : Mrs.Nor Mazana Binti Ismail Department Of Civil Engineering
SOURCES OF WATER UNDER GROUND SOURCES
SURFACE SOURCES Rivers / streams
17 July 2013
Lakes
Ponds
Impounded reservoirs
Springs
Lecturer : Mrs.Nor Mazana Binti Ismail Department Of Civil Engineering
Wells
Artesian wells
QUALITY OF WATER FOR PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY Absolutely-pure water is never found in nature. Water served to the consumers must have the following qualities :*It should be cool & colourless. *It should be odourless & tasteless *It should be free from disease carriying bacteria. *It should contain dissolved oxygen & free carbonic acid *It should be fresh. *It should be free from excessive amounts do organic matter & mineral. *It should not corrode the pipe. *It should be free from poisonous materials. 17 July 2013
Lecturer : Mrs.Nor Mazana Binti Ismail Department Of Civil Engineering
QUALITY OF WATER POTABLE WATER :*It save to drink, suitable for domestic use & pleasant to taste POLLUTED WATER :*It contains undesirable substances, & is not fit for drinking & domestic use. CONTAMINATED WATER :*It contains disease bacteria. It is always polluted & unfit for use. INFECTED WATER :*Infected Water is water contaminated with pathogenic organisms. IMPURITIES IN WATER :*The common impurities present in water can be classified as follows: **Suspended Impurities **Colloidal Impurities
17 July 2013
Lecturer : Mrs.Nor Mazana Binti Ismail Department Of Civil Engineering
Lecturer : Mrs.Nor Mazana Binti Ismail Department Of Civil Engineering
HOW THE HUMAN CAN GIVE IMPACT ON REDUCTION OF FRESH WATER AND DEGRADATION OF WATER QUALITY
17 July 2013
Lecturer : Mrs.Nor Mazana Binti Ismail Department Of Civil Engineering
KEPENTINGAN REKOD BANCIAN PENDUDUK DALAM KERJA RAMALAN PERMINTAAN BEKALAN AIR MASA HADAPAN Rekod bancian penduduk amat penting kerana : Dapat mengelakkan berlakunya pembaziran kos pembinaan struktur2 paip, kolam simpanan dll. Cth; Utk 10 tahun akan dtg penduduk diramalkan bertambah kpd 100,000 org ttp struktur paip dibina dgn saiz yg kecil & tidak mampu untuk menampung pertambahan penduduk ini. Paip terpaksa dipecahkan/dibuat semula.
17 July 2013
Pensyarah : Pn.Nor Mazana Binti Ismail Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam Politeknik
SUMBER-SUMBER MAKLUMAT MENGENAI PENDUDUK DARI AGENSI PEJABAT PERANGKAAN
PEJABAT DAERAH
PEJABAT PERBADANAN KEMAJUAN EKONOMI NEGERI 17 July 2013
Pensyarah : Pn.Nor Mazana Binti Ismail Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam Politeknik
SUMBER-SUMBER MAKLUMAT MENGENAI PENDUDUK DARI AGENSI PEJABAT PERANCANGAN BANDAR & DESA UNIT PERANCANGAN EKONOMI PERSEKUTUAN & NEGERI LAPORAN-LAPORAN TEKNIKAL TERDAHULU 17 July 2013
Pensyarah : Pn.Nor Mazana Binti Ismail Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam Politeknik
Legislative System for Water Quality Management in Malaysia
17 July 2013
Pensyarah : Pn.Nor Mazana Binti Ismail Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam Politeknik
Law enforcement Monitoring Systems: Malaysia
DOE conducted visits to all premises covered under the Environmental Quality Act. This includes sewage treatment plants, factories and industries treatment facilities. DID monitors and maintains river conditions and hydraulic regimes with respect to river bank protection, river reserves, sedimentation, sand mining activity, solid waste and flood warning system. The Department of Forestry enforces the National Forestry Act with respect to Designated Forested Water Catchments Areas.
17 July 2013
Pensyarah : Pn.Nor Mazana Binti Ismail Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam Politeknik