Fundamentals of heat exchangers, types of heat exchangers and certain formulas Any suggestions would be accepted.
Heat exchangers
Heat exchangers
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an introduction to the design and construction of shell and tube heat exchangersDescription complète
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QUESTION ON hEAT eXCHANGER
ferloFull description
HEAT EXCHANGERS
HEAT EXCHANGERSDescrição completa
heat exchangers
design of plate heat exchangerDescription complète
design of plate heat exchangerDescripción completa
HEAT EXCHANGERS
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Helpful book.
Full description
Heat exchanger calculation
Double pipe Heat exchangers
rating heat exchangers in hysys
Air-Cooled Heat Exchangers
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
As the conclusion, conclusion, the objective of this experiment were to identify to identify the major component of the heat exchanger process control t raining system, to systematically startup the process, to study ON/OFF temperature control of electric heaters, and lastly to study temperature control in the heat exchanger using PID controller. There are some types of temperature controller to control the temperature of certain equipment. ON/OFF temperature controller is the simplest type of controller. The other one is Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) temperature controller, which applies the proportional, integral and derivatives of tuning. On-Off control is the simplest form of feedback control. , the set point for (TE62) in this experiment was 55 oC. The ON/OFF Controller (TIC62) parameter was set to high temperature limit (PO1) was 55 oC, the dead band (PO2) was 0.5 oC. Then, the X2 was 55.1 oC, the heater in T62 was off (DO1=1) and for the Annunciator TAH62 was on (DO2=1). The temperature in the tank T62 is maintained constant by ON/OFF controller. Based on the P/T Register and I/O Data the controller switches OFF the heater when the temperature is at 56°C and ON at 54°C. For the first (I) trial, the PID values are set as PB1 = 15%, TI1 = 35 secs, and TD1 = 8 secs. The setpoint value (SV) was at 40 °C. For the second (II) tri al, the PID values of controller are altered to PB = 10%, TI1 = 30 secs, and TD1 = 7 secs. The setpoint value (SV) was at 42°C. Both of the flowrates are remained constant at 1.3 m3/hr. The Step response time for trial 1 is slower compare to trial 2. The trial 1 is more oscillatory than trial 2. Finally, load change was conducted as the next disturbance. The flow rate at FI61 was 2.7 m3/hr when valve MV61 is fully opened. The objectives of the experiment are achieved.
RECOMMENDATION
Due to several errors during running this experiment, there are several recommendations for increase the accuracy of this experiment, firstly ensure the valves were followed the procedure whether it should be fully open or not to avoid reading error. Second recommendation is to ensure that the flow rates obtained are measured accurately. There are two ways that this may be done. One way is install new digital flow meter, and the other is to manually measure each flow rate with great care. This is extremely important because without accurate flow rates the temperature data is worthless. Third in an effort to reduce the heat loss to the surroundings, it is recommended that the heat exchanger be well insulated. Presently the heat exchanger has no insulation and the ambient room temperature has a large effect on the results. It is likely that a cascade control system would improve the control scheme for the heat exchanger system. The cascade system would work by adding a second loop with a flow indicator and additional control of the valve position of the hot stream. This system would respond to disturbances in flow rate of the hot stream such as a pump failure or fluctuations in flow rate. Last but not least make sure that the lab manual well understood to avoid any error during running the experiment.
