Jklstatutakl bastkry Ekvnrlgnlt ki Aldam mjt =1:> Tbn Hratasb ekvnrlgnlt al al krdnr tk tk aldujt tbn pnkpcn pnkpcn ki uldavadnd uldavadnd Aldam altk altk tbn mmars ki ekvnrlgnlt rst altrkdujnd pkcatajmc rnikrgs ki =161 tbnl altrkdujnd rnikrgs ki =1=1, hut tbnsn rnikrgsprkpksmc jkucd lkt smtasnd tbn Aldaml pnkpcn, tbnl tbn Hratasb ekvnrlgnlt al krdnr tk skcvn tbn jklstatutaklmc mld pkcatajmc prkhcng, suggklnd, rkuldtmhcn jklinrnljns al =1!6,=1!=,=1!" rnspnjtavncy al #kldkl, hut dun tk tbn lkl jkrpkrmtavn mttatudn ki Aldaml pkcatajmc pmrtans $pmrtajucmrcy jklernss% tbnsn jklinrnljn dad lkt mjbanvn tbnar dnsarn ekmcs& Tbn Hratasb ekvnrlgnlt tbnl assund m jklstatutaklmc pmj'men ikr uldavadnd suh jkltalnlt tbas pmj'mendkjugnlt as 'lk(l ms (batn pmpnr al )mrjb =1=! al (bajb jklstatutakl rnikrgs (nrn eavnl ikr uldavadnd suhjkltalnlts& Tbas rnikrgprkpksmc (nrn eavnl cnemc stmtus hy Hratasb pmrcamgnlt al =1!* (bnl kl + mueust =1!* tbn Hratasb pmrcamgnlt pmssnd ml mjt tbas mjt as 'lk(l ms tbn ekvnrlgnlt ki Aldam mjt =1!* mld tbas mjt bncd tbn stmtus ki tbn jklstatutakl ki uldavadnd Hratasb Aldam&
Zmcanlt inmturns ki tbn Ekvnrlgnlt mjt ki =1:> Indnrmc ikrg ki ekvnrlgnlt0 Al ekvnrlgnlt ki Aldam mjt =1!* m indnrmc ikrg ki ekvnrlgnlt (ms prkvadnd& Tbn indnrmc cneascmturn (ms hajmgnrmc cneascmturn& At jklsasts ki tbn 'ale tbn ck(nr bkusn $bkusn ki mssnghcy% mld tbn uppnr bkusn $jkuljac ki stmtn%& Tbn lughnrs ki gnghnr al ck(nr bkusn (nrn !-* kut ki (bajb "*6 (nrn rnprnsnltmtavn ki Hratasb mld ="* (nrn tbn rnprnsnltmtavn ki Aldaml stmtn& .ldnr tbn mjt ki =1!* tbn tnlurn ki bkusn ki mssnghcy (ms vn ynmrs (bacn jkuljac ki stmtn (ms m pnrgmlnlt alstatutakl& /ln tbard $=!% ki ats gnghnr (nrn tk rntarn nvnry ! ynmrs& Vrkvaljamc cneascmturn0 cneascmturn0 Al nvnry prkvaljn tbnrn (ms tk hn m cneascmturn (bajb (ms tk jklsast tbn 'ale rnprnsnltnd hy kvnrlkr mld skgn ki tbn prkvaljns bmd m hajmgnrmc cneascmturn cneascmturn ikr n8mgpcn )ughma mld gmdrms, Hnlemc ntj& mld skgn bmvn m ulajmgnrmc cneascmturn& Tbn indnrmc nxnjutavn0 Tbn n8njutavn mutbkraty ki tbn indnrmtakl as vnstnd al tbn ekvnrlkr enlnrmc ms bn (ms tbn rnprnsnltmtavn ki tbn jrk(l& Tbn ekvnrlkr enlnrmc as bnmd ki tbn indnrmc n8njutavn n8njutavn bmd suprngn jkggmld ki tbn gacatmry, lmvy, mar ikrjn& Tbas jkggmld bk(nvnr (ms suh:njt tk tbn pk(nr ki 'ale ki 4lecmld tk mppkalt jkggmldnr al jbani tk n8nrjasn al rncmtakl tk tbksn ikrjns sujb iuljtakl ms gaebt hn mssaelnd tk bag& >cc ktbnr n8njutavn pk(nr (ms tk hn n8nrjasnd hy tbn ekvnrlkr enlnrmc (atb tbn bncp mld mdvaskr jkuljac ki galastnr suh:njt tk tbn n8nrjasn hy tbn ekvnrlkr enlnrmc spnjamc pk(nr mld rnspklsahacatans& Tbn ekvnrlkr ekvnrlkr enlnrmc mt bms dasjrntakl dasjrntakl gaebt prnsadn prnsadn m gnntale $jkuljac $jkuljac ki galastnr% galastnr% tbn jkltrkc ki galastnr kvnr mdgalastrmtakl trmlsinrrnd dnpmrtgnlt suh:njt tk tbn ikcck(ale cagatmtakl
)uscag cm( jkccnen
9men =
Jklstatutakl bastkry )alastnr bms lk raebt tk tnldnr mdvajn kl gmttnr al rnspnjt ki (bajb tbn ekvnrlkr enlnrmc (ms rn5uarnd tk mjt ms bas dasjrntakl Al jmsn (bnrn al, (bajb ekvnrlkr enlnrmc (ms ngpk(nr tk n8nrjasn bas aldavadumc :udegnlt (bnl (bnl tbn ekvnrlkr ekvnrlkr enlnrmc mjtnd mjtnd al tbn n8nrjasn n8nrjasn ki ki pk(nrs nltrustnd nltrustnd tk bag al tbn dasjbmren ki bas spnjamc rnspklsahacaty n&e& tbn gmaltmalale ki pnmjn mld trml5uacaty , smin eumrdale ki tbn lmljamc stmhacaty ki , eumrdale tbn raebt ki galkratans, puhcaj snrvmlts ntj tbn ekvnrlkr enlnrmc (ms alvnstnd n8trm krdalmry pk(nr ki cneascmtakl mld jkucd assun krdalmljns bmvale tbn smgn ikrjn mld nnjts ms ml mjt ki tbn indnrmc cneascmturn&
Tbn indnrmc jkurt0 .ldnr tbn mjt ki =1!* m indnrmc jkurt (ms tk hn nstmhcasbnd at (ms tk hn altnrprntnr mld eumrdaml ki tbn jklstatutakl $mjt ki =1!*% mld m trahulmc ikr dntnrgalmtakl ki dasputn& .ldnr tbn Aldaml mjt ki =1!* tbn indnrmc jkurt (ms tk jklsast ki jbani :ustajn $mld ktbnr :udens lkt gkrn tbml sa8% (bk (nrn tk hn mppkaltnd hy tbn 'ale ki Hratmal tk rngmal al k2jn tacc * ynmr ki men& > :uden ki tbn indnrmc jkurt jkucd hn rngkvnd irkg bas k2jn hy tbn 'ale kl tbn erkuld ki gashnbmvakr kr alrgaty ki gald kr hkdy sagacmrcy mjt ki =1!* prkvadnd tbn baeb jkurt al nmjb prkvaljn Jkljcusakl tbn mjt ki =1!* (ms tbn rst dkjugnlt al tbn bastkry ki Aldam (bajb cmy dk(l tbn ikuldmtakl al tbn iuturn jklstatutakl gm'ale ki Aldam mld 9m'astml mld tbas jkucd raebtcy hn jmccnd ms gktbnr ki tbn jklstatutakl ki hktb Aldam mld 9m'astml ms hktb ln(cy jrnmtnd stmtns tkk' tbn hmsaj adnm ki mld strujturn ki tbnar rnspnjtavn jklstatutakl irkg irkg tbn ekvnrlgnlt mjt ki =1!*& Hut tbn ekvnrlgnlt mjt ki =1!* (ms lkt m pnrinjt panjn ki cneascmtakl skgn ki ats sbkrt jkgale kr drm(hmj's mrn ms uldnr Tbn Aldaml (nrn (nrn lkt eavnl eavnl jkltrkc jkltrkc kvnr tbn ekvnrlgnlt ekvnrlgnlt ki tbnar jkultry jkultry hnjmusn hnjmusn tbny jkucd lkt jbmlen kr mgnld tbnar jklstatutakl Aldaml rnsnltnd tbn jkltrkc (bajb (ms n8nrjasnd hy tbn snjrntmry ki stmtn ikr Aldam kvnr tbn Aldaml javac snrvajns ikr alstmljn tbn Aldaml pkcajn, mld ktbnr snrvajns& >ctbkueb cmren pkrtakl ki Aldaml mrgy ekt ats hudent irkg tbn Aldaml trnmsury hut lk jkltrkc (nrn eavnl tk tbn Aldaml pnkpcn kvnr tbn Aldaml mrgy& Tbn dasjrntakl dasjrntakl pk(nr ki tbn ekvnrlkr ekvnrlkr enlnrmc (nrn (nrn sk cmren cmren tbmt gmdn tbn prkvaljamc prkvaljamc cneascmturn alnnjtavn mld tbny (nrn vnry rnstrajtnd&
Tbn Aldaml aldnnldnljn mjt =1!" Tbn aldnpnldnljn aldnpnldnljn mjt =10- (ms nlmjtnd hy Hratasb pmrcamgnlt pmrcamgnlt al =+ ?ucy ?ucy =10- tk eavn nnjts tk ckrd gkult Hattnl pcml ki ! ?uln =10- bn ikrgmca3nd ikrgmca3nd mld cnemca3nd (bmt bmd hnnl bncd kut hy tbn Hratasb ekvnrlgnlt ms m prkgasn tk tbn pnkpcn ki
)uscag cm( jkccnen
9men "
Jklstatutakl bastkry Aldam& Tbas mjt prkvadnd ikr tbn pmrtatakl ki suh jkltalnlt mld rnsuctmltcy kl =0 mueust =10- 9m'astml mld kl =* mueust =10- Aldam jmgn altk hnale&
Zmcanlt inmturn ki aldnnldnljn mjt0 Tbn prkvasakl prkvasakl kr inmturns inmturns mrn mrn nlugnrmtnd ms hnck( > ekvnrlkr enlnrmc (ms prkvadnd ikr nmjb ln( dkgalakls (bk (ms tk hn mppkaltnd hy tbn Hratasb ekvt& suh:njt tk tbn cm( ki cneascmturn ki natbnr ki tbn ln( dkgalakl mcsk tbn smgn pnrskl jml hn ekvnrlkr enlnrmc enlnrmc ki hktb dkgalakl Tbn cneascmturns cneascmturns ki tbn tbn t(k ln( dkgalakls dkgalakls (nrn (nrn gmdn iuccy skvnrnael skvnrnael mld (nrn eavnl pk(nrs tk gm'n cm(s ki tbnar k(l& 7k mjt ki tbn pmrcamgnlt ki tbn .latnd
)uscag cm( jkccnen
9men !
Jklstatutakl bastkry #$%njt rnskcutakl ki =1!10 Tk Tk nld jklstatutaklmc jklstatutaklmc danrnljns danrnljns tbn tbml 9ragn )alastnr )alastnr #am5mt >ca 'bml ikrgnd m jkggattnn jkgprasale ki vmrakus gnghnrs ki tbn jklstatutaklmc mssnghcy& Tbn pragn :kh ki tbn jkggattnn (ms tk gm'n tbn hmsaj praljapcns ki tbn iuturn jklstatutakl, tbas jkggattnn jkgpacnd at prkpksmc mld tbksn prkpksmc (nrn put up hy tbn tbnl pragn galastnr #am5mt >ca 'bml al sbmpn ki rnskcutakl al tbn jklstatunlt mssnghcy kl )mrjb =" =101& Tbas rnskcutakl (ms mjjnptnd hy tbn jklstatunlt mssnghcy mld ms pkpucmrcy 'lk(l ms tbn kh:njt rnskcutakl& Tbas rnskcutakl cmad tbn ikuldmtakl ki jklstatutakl mld aldajmtnd tbn hrkmd kutcalns ki ats strujturn& at (ms dnsjrahnd ms tbn gkst agpkrtmlt kjjmsakl al tbn bastkry ki 9m'astml ln8t al agpkrtmljn tk tbn mjbanvngnlt ki aldnpnldnljn aldnpnldnljn tbn tn8t ki tbn rnskcutakl rnskcutakl (ms pmssnd hy tbn jklstatunlt mssnghcy (ms Al tbn lmgn ki >ccmb tbn hnlnjnlt tbn gnrjaiuc (bnrn ms skvnrnaelty kvnr tbn nltarn ulavnrsn hnckles tk mcgaebty >ccmb mckln, mld tbn mutbkraty tk hn n8nrjasnd hy tbn pnkpcn ki 9m'astml (atbal tbn cagat prnsjrahnd hy bag as m snjrnt trust, mld (bnrn ms at as tbn (acc ki tbn pnkpcn ki 9m'astml tk nstmhcasb krdnr (bnrn al tbn stmtn sbmcc n8nrjasnd ats pk(nr mld mutbkraty tbrkueb tbn jbksnl rnprnsnltmtavn ki tbn pnkpcn& Fbnrn al tbn praljapcns ki dngkjrmjy, irnndkg, n5umcaty, tkcnrmljn, mld skjamc :ustajn ms nluljamtnd hy Ascmg sbmcc hn iuccy khsnrvnd& Fbnrn al tbn )uscag sbmcc hn nlmhcnd tk krdnr tbnar cavns al tbn aldavadumccy mld jkccnjtavncy spbnrns al mjjkrdmljn (atb tbn tnmjbale mld rn5uarngnlts ki Ascmg ms snt kut al tbn ;kcy Murml mld ullmb& Fbnrn al mdn5umtn prkvasakls sbmcc hn gmdn ikr tbn galkraty irnncy tk prkinss mld prmjtajn tbnar rncaeakl mld dnvnckp tbnar jucturn& Fbnrnal tbn tnrratkrans lk( aljcudnd al kr al mjjnssakl (atb 9m'astml al sujb ktbnr tnrratkrans ms gmy bnrnmitnr hn aljcudnd al 9m'astml sbmcc ikrg m indnrmtakl& Fbnrnal tbn ulats gmy hn mutklkgkus (atb sujb hkuldmrans mld cagatmtakl mld pk(nr mld mutbkraty ms gmy hn prnsjrahnd& prnsjrahnd& Fbnrnal sbmcc hn eumrmltnnd iuldmgnltmc iuldmgnltmc raebts aljcudale n5umcaty ki stmtus ki kppkrtulaty mld hnikrn cm(, skjamc , njklkgaj, mld pkcatajmc :ustajn, mld irnndkg ki n8prnssakls, tbkuebts, hncani, imatb, (krsbap mld msskjamtakl suh:njt tk cm( mld puhcaj gkrmcaty& Fbnrnal mdn5umtn prkvasakl sbmcc hn gmdn tk smineumrd tbn cneatagmtn altnrnst ki galkraty mld hmj'(mrd mld dnprnssnd& Fbnrn al tbn aldnpnldnlt ki :udajamry sbmcc hn iuccy snjurnd& Fbnrnal tbn altneraty ki tbn tnrratkrans ki tbn indnrmtakl, ats aldnpnldnljn mld mcc ats raebts aljcudale ats skvnrnael raebt kl cmld, snm mar sbmcc hn smineumrdnd& k tbmt tbn pnkpcn ki 9m'astml gmy prkspnr mld mttmal tbnar raebtiuc mld bklkrmhcn pcmjn mgkle tbn lmtakls ki tbn (krcd mld gm'n tbnar iucc jkltrahutakl tk(mrds altnrlmtaklmc pnmjn mld prkernss mld bmppalnss ki bugmlaty& Tbn kh:njtavn rnskcutakl rnskcutakl (ms gmdn m suhstmltavn suhstmltavn pmrt ki tbn tbn jklstatutakl ki =1-! hy alsnrtale m ln( mrtajcn $"m% al tbn jklstatutakl ki =1-!&
Tbn $msaj raljacns ki jkggattnn mld ats altnrag rnkrt =1>&0 )uscag cm( jkccnen
9men 0
Jklstatutakl bastkry >itnr pmssale tbn kh:njtavn rnskcutakl ki =101 tbn jklstatunlt mssnghcy sntup m lughnr ki jkggattnn mld suh jkggattnns tk (kr' kut tbn dntmacs ki tbn jklstatutakl kl tbn praljapcns cmad dk(l hy tbn kh:njtavn rnskcutakl, mgkle tbnsn jkggattnns tbn hmsaj praljapcn jkggattnn (ms tbn gkst agpkrtmlt kln mt bmd "0 gnghnrs bk( (nrn lkt rn5uarnd tbmt ats gnghnr (nrn tk hn irkg jklstatunlt mssnghcy& Tbnsn jkggattnns mcsk sntup sk gmly suh jkggattnns tbn hmsaj praljapcns jkggattnn mcsk sntup m spnjamc jkggattnn (bajb jklsastnd ki rnputnd Ascmgaj sjbkcmrs tk mdvajn kl gmttnr mrasale kut ki tbn kh:njtavn rnskcutakl& Tbas jkggattnn (ms hmsajmccy snt up ikr tmcagmt A ascmgam & mlktbnr spnjamc jkggattnn (ms mssaelnd tbn tms' ki rnjkggnldale mpprkpramtn lkgnljcmturn, lmljamc mcckjmtakls 5umcajmtakl 5umcajmtakl ki tbn bnmd ki tbn stmtn ntj& tbas praljapcns jkggattnn prnpmrnd tbn =st drmit jklstatutakl (bajb (ms prnsnltnd tk tbn jkultry al tbn jklstatunlt mssnghcy hy tbn tbnl pragn galastnr #am5mt >ca 'bml at smcanlt inmturns mrn ms uldnr Tbn kh:njtavn rnskcutakl rnskcutakl (ms tk hn aljkrpkrmtnd aljkrpkrmtnd al tbn jklstatutakl jklstatutakl ms darnjtavn darnjtavn praljapcns ki tbn stmtn pkcajy mld (ms lkt tk prn:udajn al tbn jkrpkrmtakl ki iuldmgnltmc raebts al tbn jklstatutakl Tbnrn (ms tk hn bnmd ki tbn tbn stmtn ncnjtnd ikr ikr vn ynmrs $bn as jnmsnd tk hn hn m gnghnr ki tbn bkusn mitnr sncnjtakl% Tbn bnmd ki tbn tbn stmtn tk mppkalt mppkalt m gnghnr ki jnltrmc jnltrmc cneascmturn cneascmturn (bk jkggmldnd tbn jkldnljn ki hktb tbn bkusns ki jnltrmc cneascmturn ms m pragn galastnr mld mcsk galastnr (nrn tk hn mppkaltnd kl tbn mdvajn ki pragn galastnr& Tbn jnltrmc cneascmtur cneascmturn n (ms tk hn jklsastnd jklsastnd ki " bkusns bkusns Tbn bkusn ulat ulat rnprnsnltale rnprnsnltale tbn cneascmturn cneascmturn ki tbn ulats $prkvaljns% $prkvaljns% Tbn bkusn ki pnkpcn ncnjtnd hy hy tbn pnkpcn Tbnrn (ms tk hn m bnmd ki tbn prkvaljn prkvaljn ki nmjb prkvaljn prkvaljn tk hn ncnjtnd hy tbn bnmd ki tbn stmtn mld bn (ms tk bkcd bas k2jn uldnr tbn pcnmsurn ki bnmd ki tbn stmtn Tbn bnmd ki tbn tbn prkvaljn prkvaljn (ms tk hn mppkaltnd mppkaltnd ms jbani jbani galastnr m gnghnr gnghnr (bk jkggmldnd m gm:kraty al tbn prkvaljamc cneascmturn mld ktbnr galastnr (nrn tk hn mppkaltnd kl tbn mdvajn ki jbani galastnr Tbnrn (ms tk hn kln bkusn bkusn ki cneascmturn cneascmturn al nmjb prkvaljn prkvaljn ncnjtnd hy tbn pnkpcn pnkpcn ki tbmt prkvaljn ikr tbn pnrakd ki * ynmrs at jkucd hn dasskcvnd hy tbn mdvajn ki jbani galastnr Tbn bnmd ki stmtn stmtn mld prkvaljns prkvaljns (nrn (nrn eavnl tbn pk(nr pk(nr ki prkgucemtn prkgucemtn krdalmljns krdalmljns durale tbn pnrakd ki (bnl cneascmturn jkljnrlnd (ms lkt al snssakl
)uscag cm( jkccnen
9men *
Jklstatutakl bastkry .rdu (ms tk hn lmtaklmc cmleumen ki tbn stmtn tbn rnmjtakl tk tbn =st drmit jklstatutakl (ms lkt imvkrmhcn hy nmst 9m'astml 9m'astml tbn gmal pkalt ki tbas rnsnltgnlt tbn 5umltug ki rnprnsnltmtakl al tbn purpksn jnltrmc cneascmturn hnjmusn at tbn tagn tbas drmit jklstatutakl (ms rnprnsnltnd tbn pkpucmtakl ki nmst 9m'astml, (ms gkrn tbml tbmt ki (nst 9m'astml hut tbnrn rnprnsnltmtakl al tbn jnltnr cneascmturn (ms cnss tbml tbn rnprnsnltmtakl ki (nst 9m'astml& Al tbas (ms tbn gmal rnsnltgnlt al tbn pnkpcn ki 4mst 9m'astml jurrnltcy 'lk(l ms Hmlecmdnsb&
'nkrt ki tbn jkggattnn kl tbn iuldmgnltmc raebts mld raebts ki galkratans0 Tbn jkggattnn kl tbn iuldmgnltmc iuldmgnltmc raebts ki tbn tbn jata3nl suhgattnd suhgattnd ats rnpkrt rnpkrt hnikrn hnikrn jklstatunlt mssnghcy (bajb (ms mjjnptnd al =1*6& Tbn prkpksn jklstatutaklmc jklstatutaklmc eumrmltnnd skgn iuldmgnltmc raebts raebts tk tbn jata3nl hktb )uscag mld lkl )uscag al 9m'astml, tbnsn raebts aljcudns n5umcaty ki mcc tbn jata3nl hnikrn cm(, n5umc prktnjtakl ki cm( tk mcc jata3nl, lk dasjragalmtakl kl tbn erkuld ki rncaeakl, rmjn, jmstn, sn8 kr pcmjn ki hartb (atb rnemrd tk mjjnss tk puhcaj pcmjn nltnrtmalgnlt, rnjrnmtakl, (ncimrn kr utacaty& agacmrcy at (ms mcsk eumrmltnnd irnndkg ki spnnjb, jklsjanljn, n8prnssakl, msskjamtakl, prkinssakl, kjjupmtakl, trmdn kr husalnss& 4vnry 5umcand jata3nl (kucd hn ncaeahcn ikr aldujtakl ikr tbn snrvajn ki tbn stmtn arrnspnjtavn arrnspnjtavn ki rncaeakl, jrnnd, sn8 ntj& sagacmrcy at (ms mcsk eumrmltnnd tbn lk jkggulaty (kucd hn prnvnltnd irkg prmjtajale mld khsnrvale at k(ls rncaeakl mld ats k(l pnrsklmc cm(& 7k pnrskl (kucd hn jkgpnccnd tk pmy mly spnjamc tm8ns tbn prkjnnds ki (bajb (kucd hn spnjajmccy mpprkpramtnd ikr tbn prkpmemtakl ki mly rncaeakl ktbnr tbml bas k(l rncaeakl& Al mddatakl tk tbnsn iuldmgnltmc raebts (bajb (nrn mppcajmhcn tk )uscag mld lkl )uscag mca'n spnjamc smineumrd (nrn mcsk prkvadnd al tbn jklstatutakl ikr galkratans& Tbnsn aljcudns tbmt Tbn galkratans sbkucd hn prktnjtnd prktnjtnd irkg irkg tbn tbrnmt ki pbysajmc pnrsnjutakl pnrsnjutakl Dncaeakus galkratans gust pkssnss irnndkg ki jklsjanljn mld ats (adnst snlsn )alkratans sbkucd bmvn tbn raebt tk khsnrvn tbnar k(l rncaeakus tbkuebts mld tk rul tbnar k(l sjbkkcs&
'nkrt ki tbn $msaj raljacns jkggattnn ki =1>(0 Tbn =st rnpkrt rnpkrt ki tbn hmsaj hmsaj praljapcn praljapcn jkggattnn (ms snvnrmccy snvnrmccy jrataja3nd jrataja3nd pmrtajucmrcy pmrtajucmrcy al nmst 9m'astml mld tbnrnikrn tbas rnpkrt (ms pkstpklnd mld tbn tbnl pragn galastnr #am5umt mca 'bml rninrrnd hmj' tbn rnpkrt tk tbn jklstatunlt mssnghcy kl (bajb tbny alvatnd prkpksmc mld sueenstakls irkg tbn puhcaj al$ :ml% =1*= mld m suhjkggattnn (ms mppkaltnd tk n8mgaln tbksn prkpksmc mld sueenstakls tbn suhjkggattnn gmdn ats rnpkrt tk tbn hmsaj praljapcn jkggattnn al ?ucy =1*" mld at (ms prnsnltnd ms tbn snjkld drmit tk tbn jklstatunlt mssnghcy tbn tbnl pragn galastnr
)uscag cm( jkccnen
9men
Jklstatutakl bastkry Inmturns0 Tbn kh:njtavn rnskcutakl rnskcutakl (ms mdkptnd ms m prnmghcn prnmghcn tk tbn prkpksnd prkpksnd jklstatutakl jklstatutakl Tbn bnmd ki stmtn stmtn (nrn rn5uarnd rn5uarnd tk hn )uscag mld tk hn ncnjtnd ikr ikr m tnrg ki vn vn ynmrs mt m :kalt snttale ki hktb tbn bkusns ki indnrmc cneascmturn tbn bnmd ki stmtn jkucd lkt bkcd k2jn jklsnjutavncy ikr t(k iucc tnrgs Tbn pragn galastnr galastnr (ms tk hn hn mppkaltnd hy tbn bnmd ki tbn tbn stmtn mld ktbnr galastnr (nrn tk hn mppkaltnd hy tbn bnmd ki tbn stmtn kl tbn mdvajn ki pragn galastnr tbn jkulsnc ki galastnr (ms tk hn jkccnjtavncy rnspklsahcn tk tbn bkusn ki tbn pnkpcn klcy Tbn prkpksnd prkpksnd indnrmc cneascmturn cneascmturn jkgprasnd t(k t(k bkusns ki tbn tbn pmrcamgnlt tbmt tbmt as tbn bkusn ki tbn pnkpcn mld tbn bkusn ki ulats $ck(nr mld uppnr bkusn rnspnjtavncy% tbn bkusn ki pnkpcn (ms tk hn jklsast ki 066 gnghnrs ki (bkg "66 (nrn tk hn darnjtcy ncnjtnd irkg nmst 9m'astml mld "66 irkg (nst 9m'astml& Tbn bkusn ki ulat (ms tk hn jklsastale ki ="6 gnghnrs& .ldnr tbas snjkld drmit tbn bkusn ki pnkpcn (ms tk nl:kynd rnmc mutbkraty tbn bkusn ki ulats jkucd klcy rnjkggnld rnvasakl ki tbn ulimvkrmhcn cneascmtakl, cneascmtakl, mcc gklny haccs bmd tk kraealmtnd al tbn bkusn ki pnkpcn nmts (nrn mcckjmtnd al sujb m gmllnr tk nlsurn tbmt mcc tbn jkggulaty al tbn indnrmtakl jkucd bmvn ms ikr ms n5umc pkssahcn lughnr ki vktns sagacmrcy tbn mcckjmtakl ki rnsnrvnd snmts ikr tbn galkratans (nrn nlsurn al tbn drmit Tbn jbani galastnr galastnr ki nmjb prkvaljn prkvaljn (ms (ms tk hn mppkaltnd mppkaltnd hy tbn bnmd bnmd ki tbn ulats mld ktbnr galastnr tk hn mppkaltnd kl tbn mdvajn ki tbn jbani galastnr Nkr nmjb ulat tbnrn (ms tk hn m ulajmgnrmc cneascmturn, jkgpksnd ki gnghnrs jbksnl darnjtcy hy ncnjtakls tbn lughnr ki tbn cneascmturn ki tbn ulat (ms vmry hnt(nnl -* mld !*6 ms dntnrgaln hy m cm( ki indnrmc cneascmturn 'nnpale al van( tbn pkpucmtakl ki nmjb ulat Nkr nmjb ki prkvaljn, stmtn pmrtajucmr tnrratkry, jmpatmc ki tbn indnrmtakl mld trahmc mrnm tbn (krd ulat (ms usnd tbnar (ms tk hn m bnmd ki ulat ikr nmjb mppkaltnd hy tbn bnmd ki tbn stmtn snrvale uldnr tbn pcnmsurn ki tbn bnmd ki tbn stmtn ikr gm8agug pnrakd ki * ynmrs mt m tagn Tbn bnmd (ms tk bmvn tbn pk(nr pk(nr tk prkgucemtn prkgucemtn krdalmljns krdalmljns durale durale tbn pnrakd ki ki (bnl indnrmc cneascmturn (ms lkt sattale bk(nvnr, mld krdalmljn (ms tk hn cmad hnikrn tbn indnrmc cneascmturn mld (kucd n8parn (nn's irkg ats prkgucemtakl& agacmr prkvasakl (nrn mcsk gmdn al rnspnjt al tbn bnmds ki tbn ulats rnemrdale prkgucemtakl ki krdalmljns Tbn mutbkraty mutbkraty tk dasskcvn tbn tbn bkusn ki pnkpcn pnkpcn (ms vnstnd al tbn bnmd ki ki tbn stmtn lkrgmccy tk hn n8nrjasnd kl tbn mdvajn ki tbn jkuljac ki galastnrs
)uscag cm( jkccnen
9men -
Jklstatutakl bastkry Tbn :udajamry :udajamry (ms tk hn bnmd bnmd hy tbn suprngn suprngn jkurt ki 9m'astml 9m'astml jklsastale jklsastale ki jbani jbani :ustajn mld " tk :udens &tbn jbani (ms (ms tk hn mppkaltnd mppkaltnd hy tbn prnsadnlt prnsadnlt mld ktbnr ktbnr (nrn tk hn mppkaltnd hy tbn bnmd ki tbn stmtn mitnr tm'ale altk jklsadnrmtakl mitnr tbn rnjkggnldmtakl gmdn hy tbn jbani :ustajn& Tbnrn (ms tk hn m baeb jkurt jkurt ikr nmjb ki tbn ulat ki nmst 9m'astml 9m'astml $9ul:mh $9ul:mh aldb hckj, hckj, 7FN9% nvnry :uden ki baeb jkurt (ms tk hn mppkaltnd hy bnmd ki tbn stmtn hy rnjkggnldmtakl ki jbani :ustajn ki suprngn jkurt (bk al tbn jmsn ki mppkaltgnlt ki :uden ktbnr tbnl tbn jbani :ustajn ki baeb baeb jkurt (ms rn5uarnd rn5uarnd tk jklsuct jklsuct tbn jbani :ustajn ki tbn tbn baeb jkurt jkljnrlnd hnikrn gm'ale gm'ale bas rnjkggnldmtakl rnjkggnldmtakl Tbnrn (nrn (nrn eumrmltnn tk hn hn prkvadnd tk tbn javac snrvmlts snrvmlts ki tbn indnrmtakl indnrmtakl mld tbn ulats memalst tbn dasgassmc rngkvmc kr rndujtakl al rml' (atbkut kppkrtulaty tk sbk( jmusn Iarnjtavn praljapcns ki stmtn pkcajy (nrn tk hn gmdn pmrt ki tbn prkpksnd jklstatutakl ca'n tbn =st drmit ki tbn jklstatutakl prnsnltnd al nptnghnr =1*6 tbn "ld drmit nvk'nd tbn smgn rnspklsn mld kh:njtakls& kgn ki tbn agpkrtmlt dninjts (bajb nvk'nd jratajasg mld kh:njtakl (nrn ms uldnr Tbn prkpksnd prkpksnd drmit drmit dad lkt mj'lk(cnden mj'lk(cnden al m dngkjrmtaj dngkjrmtaj (my tbn tbn imjt tbmt 4mst 4mst 9m'astml bmd m gm:kraty ki tbn tktmc pkpucmtakl ki tbn jkultry Tbas drmit drmit dad lkt pmy dun dun rnspnjt rnspnjt tk tbn imjt tbmt Fnst 9m'astml 9m'astml bmd tbn gm:kr gm:kr pmrt ki tbn jkultrans tnrratkry Hy eavale tbn uppnr bkusn m jkgpksatakl adnltajmc adnltajmc tk tbmt ki tbn ck(nr bkusn, at gmdn tbn ikrgnr m (nm' rnpcajm ki tbn bkusn ki tbn pnkpcn mld rndujnd ats utacaty Al tbn prkpksnd drmit tbnrn (ms lk spnjaj prkvasakl al tbn jmsn tbn t(k bkusns (nrn ulmhcn tk rnskcvn m jklEajt mld :kalt snssakl agacmrcy tbnrn (ms lk ckeaj al trnmtale nmst 9m'astml n5umc agpkrtmljn (atb mcc ktbnr ulats put tk emtbnr mld ats (ms rnemrdnd pmrtajucmrcy 9ul:mh ms m vakcmtakl ki tbn indnrmc praljapcns uldnr (bajb mcc tbn ulats cmrenr kr sgmccnr sbkucd ent n5umc rnprnsnltmtakl al tbn uppnr bkusn ms as tbn jmsn al tbn ulatnd stmtn al skgn ktbnr indnrmtakl al kutnr (krcd
Tbn jklstatutakl ki =1>)0 Tbn "ld jklstatunlt jklstatunlt mssnghcy mssnghcy dasjussnd dasjussnd tbn rnpkrts rnpkrts suhgattnd hy tbn =st mssnghcy mssnghcy mld kl "1tb Nnhrumry =1* mpprkvnd m drmit tbnl tbas drmit jklstatutakl (ms snlt tk tbn ekvnrlkr enlnrmc& enlnrmc& nlnrmc gm:kr a'mldnr a'mldnr )ar3m (bk rmtand rmtand at kl "ld gmrjb =1*& Tbus tbn =st jklstatutakl ki 9m'astml (ms irmgnd 1 ynmrs mitnr tbn aldnpnldnljn aldnpnldnljn ki tbn lmtakl
Zmcanlt inmturns ki =1>) jklstatutakl0 )uscag cm( jkccnen
9men +
Jklstatutakl bastkry *rattnl tbn =1* jklstatutakl (ms m (rattnl dkjugnlt& At jklsast ki m prnmghcn, "!0 mrtajcns, =! pmrts $jbmptnr% mld sjbnducns Znga raead at (ms m snga raead jklstatutakl ulca'n ulca'n tbn jklstatutakl ki .> at (ms lkt vnry da2juct tk gm'n mgnldgnlts al at t(k tbard $"!% gm:kraty ki tbn mssnghcy jkucd gm'n mgnldgnlt tk jklstatutakl Vrnmg$cn tbn jklstatutakl ki =1* hneal (atb prnmghcn (bajb jkgprasnd ki kh:njtavn rnskcutakl ki =101 mjjkrdale tk tbn prkvasakls ki tbn prnmghcn mcc skvnrnaelty skvnrnaelty hnckles tk mcgaebty >ccmb Indnrmc s+stng tbn jklstatutakl ki =1* prkvadnd ki indnrmc systng ki ekvnrlgnlt al tbn jkultry (bajb jklsastnd ki tbn ikcck(ale alstatutakl m% tbn prnsadnlt prnsadnlt h% indnrmc ekvnrlgnlt j% indnrmc pmrcamgnlt& Tbn rnsadnlt mjjkrdale tk jklstatutakl ki =1* tbn prnsadnlt (ms bnmd ki stmtn& ;n gust hn )uscag ncnjtnd hy lmtaklmc mssnghcy ikr pnrakd ki * ynmrs bn nl:kys tbn ikcck(ale pk(nrs ;n jkucd lkgalmtn tbn pragn galastnr ;n jkucd mppkalt mdvkjmtn enlnrmc ;n jkucd jmcc m snssakl ki lmtaklmc mssnghcy mld mutbkra3nd tk dasskcvn at ;n (ms mutbkra3nd tk prkgucemtn krdalmljns durale tbn pnrakd (bnl tbn lmtaklmc mssnghcy (ms lkt al snssakl ;n jkucd rndujn kr jkldkln tbn pulasbgnlt m(mrdnd hy tbn jkurt ;n jkucd dnjcmrn ngnrenljy al tbn jkultry
Indnrmc ekvnrlgnlt uldnr tbn =1* jklstatutakl tbn indnrmc ekvnrlgnlt jkgprasnd ki tbn prnsadnlt lmtaklmc mssnghcy jbani ki mrgy mld mar ikrjn lmvy tbn pragn galastnr tbn indnrmc jmhalnt tbn indnrmtakl ki 9m'astml jkgprasnd ki 0 prkvaljns N>T> mld tbnrn (nrn tbrnn casts al tbn jklstatutakl a&n& indnrmc cast prkvaljamc cast mld jkljurrnlt cast Indnrmc cneascmturn tbn indnrmc pmrcamgnlt ki 9m'astml uldnr tbn =1* jklstatutakl (ms ulajmgnrmc cneascmturn jmccnd tbn lmtaklmc mssnghcy& 7mtaklmc mssnghcy (ms tk hn jklsast ki ! buldrnd gnghnrs bmci ncnjtnd hy jklstatunljans jklstatunljans al 4mst 9m'astml mld bmci jklstatunljans hy Fnst 9m'astml =6 mddataklmc snmts (nrn prkvadnd ikr (kgml * irkg 4mst 9m'astml mld * irkg Fnst 9m'astml ikr m pnrakd ki =6 ynmrs Vmrcamgnltmr+ s+stng =1* jklstatutakl altrkdujn altrkdujn pmrcamgnltmry systng al tbn jkultry mjjkrdale tk tbas systng pragn galastnr (ms bnmd ki tbn ekvnrlgnlt bn (ms mssastnd hy m jmhalnt (bajb jkgprasnd ki galastnrs (bk (nrn mppkaltnd mgkle )uscag cm( jkccnen
9men 1
Jklstatutakl bastkry tbn gnghnr ki lmtaklmc mssnghcy, sagacmrcy tbn prkvaljamc ekvnrlgnlt ekvnrlgnlt jkgprasnd ki tbn prkvaljamc ekvnrlkrs, jbani galastnrs mld prkvaljamc mssnghcy bmvale m prkvaljamc jmhalnt ki prkvaljamc galastnrs
Aldnnldnljn ki %udajamr+ tbn =1* jklstatutakl nstmhcasbnd ml aldnpnldnlt :udajamry al tbn jkultry (bajb (bajb jkgprasnd jkgprasnd ki tbn ikcck(ale ikcck(ale jkurts& jkurts& >%uprngn >%uprngn jkurt ki 9m'astml H% baeb jkurts kln al 4mst 9m'astml mld kln al Fnst 9m'astml $Imjjm mld #mbkrn% J% ck(nr jkurts Tbn uprngn uprngn Jkurt (ms tbn baebnst jkurt jkurt al tbn jkultry jkultry at lkt klcy klcy bnmrd mppnmcs mppnmcs irkg tbn ck(nr jkurt hut mcsk altnrprntnd tbn jklstatutakl mt tbn rn5unst ki tbn indnrmc kr prkvaljamc mutbkratans& agacmrcy " baeb jkurts (nrn nstmhcasbnd kln al Imjjm mld kln al
,msaj raebts tbn =1* jklstatutakl prkvadns tbn ikcck(ale hmsaj raebts tk mcc jata3nl ki 9m'astml arrnspnjtavn ki tbnar rncaeakl jmstn jrnnds njuraty ki pnrskl mld prkpnrty mineumrd memalst mrrnst mld dntnltakl mineumrd memalst ikrjnd cmhkr Nrnndkg ki gkvngnlt mld spnnjb Nrnndkg ki mssnghcy mld msskjamtakl Nrnndkg ki rncaeakl Nrnndkg tk nmrl cavncabkkd n&tj&
-mtaklmc cmleumen .ldnr tbn jklstatutakl ki =1* jklstatutakl hktb .rdu mld Hnlemca (nrn ermltnd tbn stmtus ki lmtaklmc cmleumens bk(nvnr at (ms dnjadnd tbmt 4lecasb (kucd hn usnd ms k2jamc cmleumen ikr ln8t "* ynmrs& Ascmgaj rkvasakls Tbn jklstatutakl ki =1* aljcudns tbn ikcck(ale Ascmgaj prkvasakls mjjkrdale tk jklstatutakl $>% Tbn lmgn ki tbn jkultry (ms Ascmgaj rnpuhcaj ki 9m'astml& $H% Tbn kh:njtavn rnskcutakl (ms gmdn m pmrt ki tbn jklstatutakl (bajb dnjcmrnd tbmt skvnrnaelty ki ulavnrsn hnckles tk >ccmb $J% >jjkrdale tk mrtajcn !" ki tbn jklstatutakl prnsadnlt ki 9m'astml (kucd hn )uscag $ I% mjjkrdale tk mrtajcn =+ jata3nl ki 9m'astml (kucd hn mt cahnrty tk prkinss mld prmjtajn rncaeakl
)uscag cm( jkccnen
9men =6
Jklstatutakl bastkry $4% Hrktbnrcy rncmtaklsbap (atb )uscag jkultrans $N% 7k .lascmgaj cm( (kucd hn nlmjtnd al 9m'astml $ % nstmhcasbgnlt ki Ascmgaj rnsnmrjb alstatutakl $;% ntup ml Ascmgaj mdvaskry jkuljac ntj
.gnrenlj+ rkvasakls mjjkrdale tk =1* jklstatutakl tbn prnsadnlt ki 9m'astml jkucd dnjcmrn stmtn ki ngnrenljy al tbn jkultry al krdnr tk gnnt altnrlmc mld n8tnrlmc tbrnmts al tbn jkultry gkrn kvnr bn nl:kynd tbn mutbkraty tk agpksn ekvnrlkr rucns al mly prkvaljn /gnldgnlt tk tbn jklstatutakl =1* jklstatutakl as snga raead jklstatutakl tbn prkjndurn ikr gm'ale mgnldgnlts (ms lnatbnr vnry nmsy lkr vnry da2juct t(k tbard $"!% gm:kraty ki tbn lmtaklmc mssnghcy jkucd gm'n lnjnssmry mgnldgnlts tk tbn jklstatutakl Jmusns ki tbn imacurn ki =1>) tbn jklstatutakl ki =1* (ms mhrkemtnd al =1*+ tbn jmusns ki ats imacurn mrn ms uldnr Tbn gucta pmrty pmrty systng (ms kln kln ki tbn gmal jmusns jmusns ki ats imacurn imacurn Tbn pnkpcn ki 9m'astml 9m'astml (nrn dnpravnd dnpravnd ki enlnrmc enlnrmc ncnjtakls up tk =1*+ jklsn5unltcy jklsn5unltcy tbn pmrcamgnltmry systng stra'ns rkkts al tbn jkultry Tbn pkcatajaml pkcatajaml (nrn alsaljnrn alsaljnrn mld prninrrnd prninrrnd tbnar pnrsklmc emals emals kvnr lmtaklmc lmtaklmc altnrnst Tbn pnrakd ki ki =1* tk =1*+ (ms (ms m pnrakd ki ki pkcatajmc alstmhacaty alstmhacaty tbnsn tbnsn jarjugstmljns jarjugstmljns (nrn lkt jkldujavn tk dngkjrmjy al uctagmtncy hnjkgn tbn jmusn ki imacurn imacurn ki =1* jklstatutakl Tbn =1* jklstatutakl jklstatutakl (ms gkdncnd kl tbn kln ulat ki Fnst Fnst 9m'astml 9m'astml mld kppklnlts kppklnlts ki tbn kln ulat jrnmtnd bmtrnd memalst tbn jklstatutakl Arrnspklsahcn mld ulpmtraktaj mjts ki bucmg )kbmggmd tbn "ld ekvnrlkr enlnrmc dnstmhaca3nd dngkjrmtaj dngkjrmtaj prkjnss al tbn jkultry bn nvnl dad lkt bnsatmtn tk dasskcvn tbn =st jklstatutakl mssnghcy =1*0 sagacmrcy tbn indnrmc jkurt (ms prnssurnd tk eavn vnrdajt memalst tbn aldb baeb jkurt (bajb (ms m gkj'nry ki dngkjrmjy cmtnr kl a'mldmr )ar3m iurtbnr prkgktnd tbn smgn tmjtajs ms tbrnmt ki bucmg )kbmggmd (bajb mcsk jmusnd tbn imacurn ki tbn jklstatutakl ki =1* agacmrcy al tbn nmrcy =1*6 tbn pkcatajmc enkermpbajmc gacatmry mld mdgalastrmtavn prkhcngs ki 9m'astml hrkuebt njklkgaj dnprnssakl al tbn jkultry tbnsn jarjugstmljns jarjugstmljns cnd tk ulngpckygnlt mld hrahnry tbn pkcatajaml n8pckatnd tbn satumtakl mt tbn jkst ki dngkjrmtaj vmcun tbus tbn pnkpcn ckst imatb al jklstatutakl ki =1* mld jklsn5unltcy tbnsn jarjugstmljns jklvaljnd tbn gacatmry rneagn tbmt tbn )uscag cm( jkccnen
9men ==
Jklstatutakl bastkry jklstatutakl ki =1* (ms aljmpmhcn ki gnntale tbn jbmccnlens ki tbn dmy mld tbnrnikrn tbn tbnl jkggmldnr al J)J nlnrmc >yuh 'bml prkjcmag gmrtamc cm( al tbn jkultry kl kjt - =1*+ tbn jklstatutakl ki =1* (ms mhrkemtnd mld mcc tbn jnltrmc mld prkvaljamc mssnghcans as dasskcvnd
Zbmb$uddal jkggassakl ki =1)&0 /l =- Nnhrumry =16 tbn tbnl jbani gmrtamc cm( mdgalastrmtkr enlnrmc >yuh 'bml mppkaltnd m jklstatutakl jkggassakl (atb tbn ikrgnr jbani :ustajn ki 9m'astml :ustajn bmbhuddal ms at jbmargml tk n8mgaln tbn jmusns ki tbn imacurn ki tbn =1* jklstatutakl mld tbn pmrcamgnltmry systng al 9m'astml& Tbn tnrgs ki rninrnljn rninrnljn $tbn gmldmtn ki tbn jkggassakl% (nrn Tk Tk n8mgaln tbn tbn prkernssavn prkernssavn imacurn imacurn ki pmrcamgnltmry pmrcamgnltmry ikrg ki ekvnrlgnlt ekvnrlgnlt al 9m'astml 9m'astml cnmdale tk tbn mhrkemtakl ki tbn =1* jklstatutakl mld tk dntnrgaln tbn jmusn mld lmturn ki tbn imacurn Tk Tk jklsadnr bk( hnst tbn smad smad kr ca'n ca'n jmusns gmy hn adnltand mld tbnrn tbnrn rnjurrnl rnjurrnljn jn prnvnltnd Tbn jkggassakl jkggassakl (ms mcsk tk tk suhgat jklstatutakl jklstatutakl prkpksmcs prkpksmcs magnd magnd mt eavale tbn tbn jkultry m stmhcn mld rg ekvnrlgnlt tbn jklstatutakl jkggassakl gmdn m dntmacnd study ki pmrcamgnltmry systng al 9m'astml up tk tbn tagn (bnl gmrtamc cm( (ms agpksnd cnmdale tk tbn mhrkemtakl ki tbn jklstatutakl ki =1* mld jmgn tk tbn jkljcusakl tbmt tbn pmrcamgnltmry ikrg ki ekvnrlgnlt bmd prkvnd m imacurn mld lktnd tbn ikcck(ale jmusns ki ats imacurn #mj' ki prkpnr ncnjtakl prkjndurn mld dninmts al tbn cmtn jklstatutakl .ldun altnrinrnljn altnrinrnljn hy tbn bnmd ki tbn stmtn al tbn galastnrs mld pkcatajmc pmrtans mld altnrinrnljn al tbn mmars ki tbn prkvaljamc ekvnrlgnlt #mj' ki (ncc kremla3nd mld dasjapcalnd pkcatajmc pmrtans mld tbn enlnrmc cmj' ki jbmrmjtnr al tbn pkcatajamls bmvale jkgn tk tbn jkljcusakl tbmt tbn pmrcamgnltmry ikrg ki imacurn tbn jkggassakl rnjkggnldnd m prnsadnltamc ikrg ki ekvnrlgnlt tk hn tbn adnmc systng ki ekvnrlgnlt al tbn iuturn jklstatutakl mld rnjkggnldnd m ikrg ki ekvnrlgnlt (bnrn tbnrn (kucd hn klcy kln pnrskl mt tbn bncgs ki mmars hut (atb al nnjtavn rnstrmalt n8nrjasnd kl bag hy aldnpnldnlt cneascmturn& k imr tbn pk(nr mld dutans ki prnsadnlt mrn jkljnrlnd tbn jkggassakl nlugnrmtnd hrkmdcy ms ikcck(s m%48njutakl ki cm( h% >ppkaltgnlt ki ekvnrlkr jnltrmc galastnr, mudatkr enlnrmc, jbani ncnjtakl jkggassaklnr, mld mghmssmdkrs,
)uscag cm( jkccnen
9men ="
Jklstatutakl bastkry $j% >ppkaltgnlt ki :udens ki tbn uprngn Jkurt mld baeb jkurts, jbmargnl mld gnghnr ki tbn puhcaj snrvajn jkggassakl $I% Dngkvmc ki tbn ekvnrlkrBs galastnrBs mghmssmdkrBs :udens ki baeb jkurts $4% Dnjnavale ikrnael nlvkys mld galastnrs $N% )m'ale trnmtans suh:njt tk tbn rmtajmtakl mpprkvmc hy tbn pmrcamgnlt $% ;kcdale suprngn jkggmld ki tbn mrgy lmvy mld mar ikrjn $;% avale kr (atb bkcdale ki mssnlt al rnspnjt ki haccs pmssnd hy tbn pmrcamgnlt A% lkgalmtale + gnghnrs ki tbn snlmtn
,ajmgnrmc cneascmturn0 Tbn jkggassakl jkggassakl rnjkggnldale rnjkggnldale hajmgnrmc hajmgnrmc cneascmturn cneascmturn jklsastale ki ck(nr bkusn tk hn 'lk(l ms bkusn ki pnkpcn mld uppnr bkusn 'lk(l ms snlmtn tbn jkggassakl rnjkggnldnd tbn lnnd ki ml uppnr bkusn al tbn cneascmturn (bajb (kucd hn mhcn tk 'nnp m jbnj' ki cneascmtakl hy tbn ck(nr bkusn mcsk tbn jkggassakl rnjkggnldnd mld uppnr bkusn ms m hkdy ki ncdnr stmtnsgnl sncnjtnd irkg jmtnekrans ki pnkpcn rmtbnr tbml ki gnghnrs ncnjtnd kl tnrratkramc tnrratkramc hmsas Indnrmc ikrg ki ekvnrlgnlt0 Tbn jkggassakl rninrs tk tbn inncales mt tbn tagn al nmst 9m'astml, ki hnale trnmtnd ms m jkckly dnspatn ki hnale gkrn pkpucmr mld nmrl gkrn ikrnael n8jbmlen tbn jkggassakl jkljcudnd tbmt ai (n agpksn m ulatmry ikrg ki ekvnrlgnlt aelkrale tbn stmtn ki inncale al nmst 9m'astml tbas (kucd mgkult tk m snlsn ki dnpravmtakl bnljn tbn jkggassakl rnjkggnldnd rnjkggnldnd m indnrmc ikrg ki ekvnrlgnlt ms ml adnmc systng ki ekvnrlgnlt 'njkggnldmtakl rncmtale tk ncnjtkrmtns0 Tbn jkggassakl jkggassakl pkaltnd kut vmrakus dninjts al tbn ncnjtkrmtn systng ki tbn jkultry mld jmgn tk tbn jkljcusakl tbmt tbn pnrjnltmen pnrjnltmen ki catnrmjy (ms vnry ck( mld pkaltnd kut tbmt (n (kucd hn tm'ale m ermvn ras' ai al tbn gmttnr ki ncnjtakl ki tbn prnsadnlt vajn prnsadnlt bkusn ki pnkpcn mld prkvaljamc mssnghcy (n mdkpt ulavnrsmc irmljbasn al kur prnsnlt stmtn ki accatnrmjy mgkle tbn pnkpcn (bksn pmtanljn jml nmsacy hn alEunljnd at rnjkggnldnd tbn aggndamtn mppkaltgnlt ki irmljbasn jkggattnn tk suhgat ats rnpkrt (atbal kln ynmr tk dntnrgaln tbn rn5uarnd stmldmrds sagacmrcy tbn jkggassakl rnjkggnldnd tbn prnsadnlt sbkucd hn ncnjtnd hy pnkpcn darnjtcy kl tbn hmsas ki rnstrajtnd rnstrajtnd irmljbasn sagacmrcy tbn jkggassakl rnjkggnldnd tbmt gnghnrs ki tbn cneascmturn hktb prkvaljamc mld jnltrmc sbkucd hn ncnjtnd darnjtcy hy tbn pnkpcn& 'njkggnldmtakl 'njkggnldmtakl rncmtale tk rnvavmc ki kcatajmc mrtans0 Tbn jkggassakl jkggassakl rninr tk tbn (bkcn ki pkcatajmc pmrtans al tbn prkjnss ki dasjkvnrale tnstale mld jbkksale jmldadmtn mld at mdgattnd tbmt al m jkultry ca'n 9m'astml (bnrn m snlsn ki pkcatajmc rnspklsahacaty bmd ynt tk hn iuccy dnvnckpnd tbn jkggassakl rnmjb tk tbn jkljcusakl
)uscag cm( jkccnen
9men =!
Jklstatutakl bastkry ai (n (mlt tk bmvn m ikrg ki ekvt& (n sbkucd jrnmtn jkldatakls al (bajb m pmrty hmsnd kl praljapcns ml ngnrend&
'njkggnldmtakl 'njkggnldmtakl rncmtnd tk Ascmgaj rkvasakl0 Tbn jkggassakl jkggassakl spnjajmccy rmasnd tbn 5unstakl ki (bntbnr tbn prnmghcn tk tbn cmst jklstatutakl sbkucd hn rntmalnd al tbn prkpksnd jklstatutakl at imvkrnd tbn rntnltakl ki tbn prnmghcn mld ktbnr Ascmgaj prkvasakls ki tbn cmtn jklstatutakl jklstatutakl hut sueenstnd jnrtmal jbmlens mld agprkvngnlts (atb rnemrd tk tbn Ascmgaj rnsnmrjb alstatutn, tbn mppkaltgnlt ki Ascmgaj adnkckey jkggassakl 'njkggnldmtakl rncmtale tk %udajamr+0 Tbn jkggassakl jkggassakl sueenstnd dntmacnd prkvasakls tk snjurn tbn aldnpnldnljn ki :udajamry mld dasjuss smcmry tnlurn ki tbn k2jn, gntbkd ki mppkaltgnlt, mld pk(nr ki tbn :udens, tbn jkggassakl mcsk prninrrnd prninrrnd m systng ki agpnmjbgnlt tk rngkvn tbn jbani :ustajn mld ktbnr :udens ki tbn suprngn jkurt tbn rnskcutakl ikr tbn agpnmjbgnlt (nrn tk hn saelnd hy lkt cnss tbml =0tb ki tbn tktmc lughnr ki gnghnrs ki tbn bkusn ki pnkpcn =0 dmys lktajn tbnrnki sbkucd hn eavnl hnikrn ats hnale gkvnd rnemrdale tbn mppkaltgnlt ki :udens ki tbn tbn suprngn jkurt tbn jkggassakl jkggassakl mernnd mernnd (atb tbn cm( jkggassakl tbmt tbmt tbn rnjkggnldmtakl ikr m :udensbap ki tbn suprngn jkurt sbkucd ngmlmtn irkg tbn jbani :ustajn mitnr jklsuctmtakl (atb bas iranlds mld tbn prnsadnlt sbkucd mjjnpt bas rnjkggnldmtakls rnemrdale mppkaltgnlt ki :udens ki baeb jkurt tbn jkggassakl rnjkggnldnd tbmt m prkvaljamc jbani :ustajn sbkucd al jklsuctmtakl (atb bas pnrgmlnlt :udens snld bas rnjkggnldmtakl tk tbn ekvnrlkr mld tk tbn jbani :ustajn ki 9m'astml mt tbn smgn tagn mld tbny sbkucd n8prnss tbnar kpalakl tk tbn prnsadnlt ai tbn jbani :ustajn mernnd (atb prkvaljamc jbani :ustajn tbn rnjkggnldmtakl sbkucd hn mjjnptnd ulcnss tbn prnsadnlt al jklsuctmtakl (atb ekvnrlkr ki prkvaljn sbkucd rmasn ml kh:njtakl mld eavn kppkrtulaty tk tbn :udens :ustajn tk gnnt tbng ai tbn jbani :ustajn jkljnrl sbkucd dasmernn al tbn gmttnr tbn jmsn jkucd hn pcmjnd al irklt ki suprngn jkurt mld tbn van( ki gm:kraty sbkucd prnvmac ulcnss tbn prnsadnlt mld tbn ekvnrlkr rmasnd snrakus kh:njtakl tk tbn prkpksnd mppkaltgnlt al (bajb jmsn tbn suprngn jkurt sbkucd hn eavnl kppkrtulaty tk gnnt tbksn kh:njtakl Iuldmgnltmc raebts mld darnjtavn raljacns ki kcaj+0 Tbn jklstatutakl jklstatutakl ki =1* aljcudale m ckle cast ki iuldmgnltmc raebts mld darnjtavn praljapcns ki stmtn pkcajy tbn jkggassakl al5uarnd (bntbnr tbn prkvasakl ki cmst jklstatutakl rnemrdale iuldmgnltmc raebt sbkucd hn aljkrpkrmtnd aljkrpkrmtnd al tbn ln( kln kr lkt mld tbn jkggassakl lktnd mld rnjkggnldnd tbmt iuldmgnltmc raebts sbkucd hn aljkrpkrmtnd al tbn ln( jklstatutakl tk hn nlikrjnmhcn hy tbn jkurts mld ai mly cm( pmssnd hy tbn cneascmturn (bajb (kucd jkltrmvnln mly ki tbn prkvasakl ki iuldmgnltmc raebt jkucd hn dnjcmrnd vkad tk tbn n8tnlt ki aljklsastnljy& agacmrcy tbn jkggassakl imvkr tbn rntnltakl ki darnjtavn praljapcn praljapcn ki stmtn pkcajy ms cmad dk(l al tbn =1* jklstatutakl al lutsbncc lutsbncc tbn jklstatutakl jkggassakl bmd dkln m jkggnldmhcn tms' ki prkdujale mld lmca3ale m jkgprnbnlsavn rnpkrt kl "1 >prac =1= al jkgpmssale vnry agpkrtmlt assun ki jklstatutakl agpkrtmljn&
)uscag cm( jkccnen
9men =0
Jklstatutakl bastkry Jklstatutakl ki =1)(0 Tbn bmbhuddal bmbhuddal jkggassakl jkggassakl (bajb (ms (ms jklstatutnd hy tbn ncd gmrsbmc gmrsbmc >yuh >yuh 'bml al krdnr tk ld kut tbn jmusn ki tbn imacurn ki =1* jklstatutakl suhgattnd ats rnpkrt tk tbn prnsadnlt kl tb gmy =1= kl tbn hmsas ki tbas rnpkrt m ln( jklstatutakl (ms irmgnd (bajb (ms nlikrjnd al 9m'astml kl + ?uln =1"
Zmcanlt inmturns ki =1)( jklstatutakl0 *rattnl jklstatutakl tbn jklstatutakl ki =1" (ms m (rattnl dkjugnlt (bajb jkgprasnd ki "*6 mrtajcns mld * sjbnducns 'aead jklstatutakl =1" jklstatutakl (ms m raead mld at (ms lkt nmsy tk gm'n mgnldgnlts tk at& > "! gm:kraty ki mcc tbn gnghnrs ki lmtaklmc mssnghcy (ms rn5uarnd ikr mly mgnldgnlt sagacmrcy ai tbn mgnldgnlt jkljnrlnd mly prkvaljn tbnl at (ms lnjnssmry tbmt t(k tbard "!% gnghnrs ki tbn jkljnrl prkvaljamc mssnghcy sbkucd mpprkvn tbn prkpksnd mgnldgnlt& Nalmccy tbn prnsadnlt bmd tbn mutbkraty tk usn bms raebt ki vntk memalst tbn mgnldgnlt al sujb ca'n jmsns tbn mssnghcy jkucd pmss tbn mgnldgnlt (atb m !0tb gm:kraty hut tbn prnsadnlt nl:kynd tbn pk(nr tk vntk at memal mld tk ms' ikr m rninrnldug hy tbn +6666 gnghnrs ki hmsaj dngkjrmjy Indnrmc s+stng tbn jklstatutakl ki ki =1" nstmhcasbnd nstmhcasbnd m indnrmc systng al 9m'astml 9m'astml (bajb jkgprasnd ki jnltrmc ekvnrlgnlt m indnrmc mrnm mld prkvaljamc kvt mcc pk(nr bmd hnnl davadnd altk indnrmc mld prkvaljamc cast Vrnsadnltamc ikrg ki ekvnrlgnlt tbn jklstatutakl ki =1" altrkdujnd m prnsadnltamc ikrg ki ekvnrlgnlt al tbn jkultry mjjkrdale tk tbas systng, prnsadnlt (ms tbn bnmd ki tbn n8njutavn mld (ms mutbkra3nd tk lkgalmtn tbn gnghnrs ki bas jmhalnt mcsk tbn prnsadnlt (ms lkt mls(nrmhcn tk tbn pmrcamgnlt 6lajmgnrmc cneascmturn tbn jklstatutakl ki =1" nstmhcasb m ulajmgnrmc cneascmturn cneascmturn al tbn jkultry (bajb alatamccy ki =* gnghnrs, cmtnr kl tbas lughnr (ms aljrnmsnd tk "=+ kut ki (bajb "66 (nrn ncnjtnd =6 (nrn lkgalmtnd hy ekvnrlgnlt mld + (nrn rnsnrvnd ikr (kgnlBs tbas mssnghcy (ms jmccnd lmtaklmc mssnghcy Vrkvaljamc ekvnrlgnlt mjjkrdale tk =1" jklstatutakl prkvaljamc ekvnrlgnlt (nrn nstmhcasbnd al hktb (ales ki tbn jkultry nmjb prkvaljamc ekvnrlgnlt (ms bnmdnd hy tbn ekvnrlkr, (bk (ms mutbkra3nd tk mppkalt prkvaljamc galastnr (atb tbn mpprkvmc ki prnsadnlt Vraljacns ki kcaj+ al =1" jklstatutakl tbn ikcck(ale praljapcns ki pkcajy (nrn aljcudnd 7k cm( sbmcc hn irmgnd al tbn jkultry (bajb as memalst Murml mld ullmb Accatnrmjy (acc hn (apnd kut irkg tbn jkultry )uscag cm( jkccnen
9men =*
Jklstatutakl bastkry Tbn raebts ki ki tbn galkraty (ms tk hn prktnjtnd prktnjtnd Hktb (ales ki tbn jkultry (acc nl:ky n5umc raebts Nranldcy rncmtakl (acc hn nstmhcasb (atb tbn )uscag jkultry Tbnrn (acc (acc hn prkbahatakl prkbahatakl ki drues drues al tbn tbn jkultry Tbn scmldnrnd scmldnrnd ki cavale ki pnkpcn (acc (acc hn rmasnd pnjamc mttnltakl (acc hn eavnl tk(mrds tbn ndujmtakl bnmctb mld (ncimrn ki pnkpcn
Aldarnjt ncnjtakl =1" jklstatutakl altrkdujn m systng ki aldarnjt ncnjtakl al tbn jkultry mjjkrdale mjjkrdale tk tbas systng, 4cnjtkrmc Jkccnen jkgprasale +6,666 gnghnrs ki hmsaj dngkjrmjy irkg hktb (ales, ncnjtnd prnsadnlt ki tbn jkultry mld gnghnrs ki tbn lmtaklmc mssnghcy Iuldmgnltmc raebts tbn jklstatutakl ki =1" eumrmltnnd tk tbn nltarn jata3nl tbnrn iuldmgnltmc raebts ki spnnjb, pnmjniuc mssnghcy, irnn gkvngnlt al tbnar jkultry raebt ki prkpnrty mld raebt tk prkinss rncaeakl udajamr+ mjjkrdale tk =1" jklstatutakl ml altnermtnd :udajamc systng (ms altrkdujn al tbn jkultry (bajb jklsast ki baebnr mld ck(nr jkurts suprngn jkurt (ms tbn baebnst jkurt al 9m'astml at nl:kynd pk(nrs tk bnmr mppnmc memalst tbn dnjasakl ki ck(nr jkurt tbn ck(nr jkurt aljcudnd " baeb jkurts dastrajt jkurt mld snrvajn trahulmcs Ascmgaj rkvasakls =1" jklstatutakl jkltmal tbn ikcck(ale Ascmgaj prkvasakls Tbn kh:njtavn rnskcutakl rnskcutakl (ms gmdn pmrt ki tbn jklstatutakl mjjkrdale mjjkrdale tk (bajb skvnrnaelty ki tbn ulavnrsn hnckles tk >ccmb mcgaebty Alatamccy uldnr tbn jklstatutakl tbn jkultry (ms lmgn ms rnpuhcaj ki 9m'astml hut dun tk strkle prktnst irkg tbn rncaeakus pmrtans, mld mgnldgnlt (ms gmdn al tbn jklstatutakl mld tbn jkultry (ms lmgnd ms Ascmgaj rnpuhcaj ki 9m'astml >jjkrdale tk =1" jklstatutakl m )uscag jkucd hnjkgn tbn prnsadnlt ki 9m'astml mcsk hurnmu ki Ascmgaj rnsnmrjb (ms nstmhcasbnd .ldnr tbn jklstatutakl tbn prnsadnlt (ms rn5uarnd tk nstmhcasb Ascmgaj mdvaskry jkuljac jkgprasale ki =" .cmggmb (bajb (ms rn5uarn tk mdvajn tbn prnsadnlt kl Ascmgaj gmttnrs At (ms cmad dk(l al tbn jklstatutakl tbmt lk cm( jkucd hn irmgnd (bajb vakcmtn tbn tnmjbale ki Murml mld ullmb
Alstatutakls tbn =1" jklstatutakl nstmhcasb tbn ikcck(ale alstatutakl al tbn jkultry 7mtaklmc njklkgaj jkuljac, ncnjtakl jkggassakl, lmtaklmc lmljn jkggassakl ntj )uscag cm( jkccnen
9men =
Jklstatutakl bastkry 8nemc irmgn kr4 krdnr =1"&0 Fbnl tbn prnsadnlt >yuh 'bml (ms ikrjnd tk stnp dk(l ms prnsadnlt ki 9m'astml kl "* )mrjb =11, bn bmldnd kvnr tbn rnals ki pk(nr tk tbn tbnl mrgy jbani enlnrmc mbym mbym 'bml& nlnrmc nlnrmc mbym mbym 'bml pcmjnd pcmjnd tbn jkultry jkultry uldnr gmrtamc cm( (atb aggndamtn nnjt mld mhrkemtnd tbn jklstatutakl mld dasskcvns tbn lmtaklmc mssnghcy mld tbn prkvaljamc mssnghcy& mbym 'bml mssugnd tbn pk(nrs ki jbani gmrtamc cm( mdgalastrmtkr bn mcsk mppkaltnd dnputy mrgy jbani mar ikrjn jbani mld lmvmc jbani ms dnputy jbani gmrtamc cm( mdgalastrmtkrs& mdgalastrmtkrs& "* gmrtamc cm( rneucmtakls (nrn assun kl tbn smgn dmy& mbym 'bml prkgasnd tbn rnturl ki tbn jklstatutaklmc ekvnrlgnlt mld darnjt ncnjtakls hmsnd kl ulavnrsmc mduct irmljbasn mld m jklstatutakl tbmt (kucd hn irmgnd hy tbn ncnjtnd rnprnsnltmtavn ki tbn pnkpcn kl !6 )mrjb =1-6 tbn ekvnrlgnlt assund m cnemc irmgn (kr' krdnr (bajb (ms tk snvnr ms tbn hmsas ikr tbn jklstatutakl gm'ale al tbn jkultry& Tbn tbnl jbani gmrtamc cm( mdgalastrmtkr mbym 'bml prkgasnd tbmt tbn kln ulat systng (kucd nld hy tbn =st ?ucy al Fnst Fnst 9m'astml, 9m'astml, tbmt tbn lmtaklmc mssnghcy mssnghcy (kucd jklsast jklsast ki !=! gnghnrs ki (bajb =! (kucd hn rnsnrvnd ikr (kgnl mld !66 (kucd hn ncnjtnd tk cc enlnrmc snmts& 4mst 9m'astml 9m'astml (ms mcckjmtnd =" enlnrmc snmts mld - snmts ikr tbn (kgnl& Tbn 9ul:mh 9ul:mh (ms mcckjmtnd mcckjmtnd +" enlnrmc snmts snmts mld ! snmts snmts ikr (kgnl& aldb (ms mcckjmtnd "- enlnrmc snmts mld kln ikr (kgml& 7FN9 (ms mcckjmtnd =+ enlnrmc snmts mld = snmt ikr (kgml& Hmcujbastml (ms mcckjmtnd 0 enlnrmc snmts mld kln ikr (kgnl& Tbn trahmc mrnms (nrn mcckjmtnd - enlnrmc snmts& Tbnrn (kucd hn m prkvaljamc mssnghcy mjjkrdale tk tbn #N/ =1-6 ikr nmjb prkvaljn tbnrn (kucd hn prkvaljamc mssnghcy jklsastale ki m lughnr ki gnghnrs ncnjtnd tk cc enlnrmc snmts mld m lughnr tk cc snmts rnsnrvnd ikr (kgnl& 4mst 9m'astml memal bkcd tbn cmrenst lughnr ki snmts tbn snmts (nrn mcckjmtnd ms uldnr nlnrmc snmts Fkgnl snmts 4mst 9m'astml !66 =6 pul:mh =+6 saldb 6 " 7FN9 06 " hmcjkbastml "6 = 9kccale 9kccale ikr ncnjtakl tk tbn lmtaklmc mssnghcy (kucd jkggnljn kl * /jtkhnr =1-6 mld ikr tbn prkvaljamc mssnghcans lkt cmtnr tbml "" /jtkhnr =1-6 Tbn jklstatutakl jklstatutakl (kucd hn hn sk irmgnd tk nghkdy nghkdy tbn ikcck(ale ikcck(ale iuldmgnltmc iuldmgnltmc praljapcns 9m'astml sbkucd hn m indnrmc rnpuhcaj tk hn 'lk(l ms Ascmgaj rnpuhcaj ki 9m'astml Ascmgaj tbnkckey (bajb as tbn hmsas ikr tbn jrnmtakl ki 9m'astml (kucd hn prnsnrvnd Tbn bnmd ki stmtn stmtn (kucd hn )uscag
)uscag cm( jkccnen
9men =-
Jklstatutakl bastkry >dbnrnljn tk iuldmgnltmc praljapcn ki dngkjrmjy (kucd hn nlsurn hy prkvadale darnjt mld irnn pnrakdajmc ncnjtakl tk tbn indnrmc mld prkvaljamc cneascmturn kl tbn hmsas ki pkpucmtakl mld mduct irmljbasn Tbn iuldmgnltmc iuldmgnltmc raebts ki tbn jata3nl (kucd (kucd hn cmad dk(l mld eumrmltnnd eumrmltnnd Tbn aldnpnldnljn aldnpnldnljn ki :udajamry :udajamry (kucd hn hn snjurnd >cc pk(nrs aljcudale cneascmtavn, mdgalastrmtavn, mdgalastrmtavn, mld lmljamc, (kucd hn sk dastrahutnd hnt(nnl tbn indnrmc ekvnrlgnlt mld tbn prkvaljns tbmt tbn prkvaljns bmvn gm8agug mutklkgy hut tbn indnrmc ekvnrlgnlt (kucd mcsk bmvn mdn5umtn pk(nrs tk dasjbmren ats rnspklsahacatans al rncmtakl tk n8tnrlmc mld altnrlmc mmars mld tk prnsnrvn tbn aldnpnldnljn aldnpnldnljn mld tnrratkramc tnrratkramc altneraty ki tbn jkultry At (kucd hn nlsurn tbmt tbn pnkpcn ki mcc mrnms al 9m'astml (kucd hn nlmhcnd tk pmrtajapmtn al mcc ikrg ki lmtaklmc mjtavatans mld njklkgaj mld mcc ktbnr daspmratans hnt(nnl tbn prkvaljns mld danrnlt mrnms al tbn prkvaljns (kucd hn rngkvnd hy tbn mdmptmtakl ki stmtutkry mld ktbnr gnmsurns Tbn jklstatutakl jklstatutakl (kucd jkltmal jkltmal al ats prnmghcn m2rgale m2rgale tbmt tbmt Tbn )uscag ki 9m'astml 9m'astml (kucd hn nlmhcnd, nlmhcnd, aldavadumccy aldavadumccy mld jkccnjtavncy, jkccnjtavncy, tk krdnr krdnr tbnar cavns al mjjkrdmljn (atb tbn tnmjbale ki Murml mld ullmb Tbn galkraty (kucd (kucd hn irnn irnn tk prkinss prkinss tbnar rncaeakl rncaeakl irnncy irnncy mld tk nl:ky nl:ky mcc raebts mld mld pravacnens mld prktnjtakl Tbn jklstatutakl jklstatutakl (kucd prkvadn prkvadn tbmt tbn lmtaklmc lmtaklmc mssnghcy mssnghcy jklstatutnd uldnr tbas krdnr (kucd hn tbn rst cneascmturn ki tbn jkultry ikr tbn iucc tnrg, tbn prkvaljamc mssnghcans ncnjtnd (atb mjjkrdmljn tk tbas krdnr sbkucd hn tbn =st cneascmturn ki tbn rnspnjtnd prkvaljns ikr tbn iucc tnrg tbn lmtaklmc mssnghcy (kucd irmgn tbn jklstatutakl al tbn ikrg ki hacc tk hn jmccnd tbn jklstatutakl hacc (atb al m pnrakd ki ="6 dmys irkg tbn dmtn ki ats rst gnntale mld kl ats imacurn tk dk sk (kucd stmld dasskcvnd& agacmrcy prkvasakls (nrn gmdn rneucmrcy suggklale ki tbn lmtaklmc mssnghcy mitnr ncnjtakl, ats spnm'nr mld dnputy spnm'nr pravacnens ki ats gnghnrs (nrn mcsk gmdn gkvn kvnr prkvasakls rnemrdale 5umcajmtakl mld das5umcajmtakl ikr hnale m gnghnr ki tbn lmtaklmc mssnghcy (nrn (nrn mcsk gmdn pkcatajmc pmrtans jkltnstale tbn ikrtb jkgale ncnjtakl (nrn rn5uarnd tk jkltnst tbn ncnjtakl (atb al tbn cagat ki tbn #N/ mld tk mjjnpt jkldatakl cmad dk(l al tbn #N/ )r& ?ustajn >hducsmtmr (ms mppkaltnd jbani ncnjtakl jkggassaklnr tk prnpmrn ikr mld bkcd ncnjtakl tk tbn lmtaklmc mld prkvaljamc mssnghcans
Tbn altnrag jklstatutakl ki =1"( /l tbn (atbdrm(mc ki tbn gmrtamc cm( tbn altnrag jklstatutakl (ms mdkptnd hy tbn lmtaklmc mssnghcy tbmt bmd hnnl ncnjtnd al Injnghnr =1-6 kl ml mcc 9m'astml hmsas mld tbn altnrag jklstatutakl (ms ikrgmccy jmgn altk ikrjn kl "= >prac =1-" )uscag cm( jkccnen
9men =+
Jklstatutakl bastkry Zmcanlt inmturns ki =1"(0 9rnsadnltamc ikrg ki ekvnrlgnlt tbn altnrag jklstatutakl prkvadns ikr m prnsadnltamc ikrg ki ekvnrlgnlt tbn prnsadnlt (ms tk hn tbn bnmd ki tbn stmtn ms (ncc ms tbn bnmd ki tbn ekvnrlgnlt tbn prnsadnlt bmd tk hn m )uscag mt cnmst 06 ynmrs ki men, mld ktbnr(asn 5umcand tk hn ncnjtnd ms gnghnr ki lmtaklmc mssnghcy tbn prnsadnlt prnsadnlt tnrg ki k2jn (ms 8nd mt * ynmrs& Al jmsn ki vmjmljy al tbn k2jn ki prnsadnlt prnsadnlt tbn sujjnsskr (ms tk hn ncnjtnd hy tbn lmtaklmc mssnghcy al tbn gmllnr prkvadnd al tbn !rd sjbnducn& agacmrcy tbn prnsadnlt (ms tbn suprngn jkggmldnr ki tbn dninlsn snrvajns ki 9m'astml 9m'astml mld bmd tbn mutbkraty tk mppkalt snrvajns jbani ki tbn ! mrgnd ikrjns& Tbn altnrag jklstatutakl mcsk prkvadnd ikr tbn k2jn ki tbn vajn prnsadnlt (atb tbn smgn 5umcajmtakl ms ikr prnsadnlt
6lajmgnrmc cneascmturn tbn altnrag jklstatutakl ki =1-" prkvadnd ikr m ulajmgnrmc cneascmturn tbmt as kln bkusn ki tbn pmrcamgnlt jmccnd tbn lmtaklmc mssnghcy ms tbn indnrmc cneascmturn cneascmturn tbn lmtaklmc mssnghcy bmd tbn pk(nr tk cneascmtn kl mcc suh:njts gnltaklnd al tbn indnrmc mld jkljurrnlt cneascmtavn cast eavnl uldnr tbn 0tb sjbnducn Vmrcamgnltmr+ ikrg ki ekvnrlgnlt uldnr tbn altnrag jklstatutakl ki =1-" tbn pmrcamgnltmry ikrg ki ekvnrlgnlt (ms altrkdujnd mt tbn prkvaljamc cnvnc ekvnrlkr (nrn mppkaltnns ki tbn prnsadnlt mld snrvnd mt bas pcnmsurn tbn n8njutavn mutbkraty al tbn prkvaljn (ms n8nrjasnd hy tbn ekvnrlkr natbnr darnjtcy kr tbrkueb k2jnr suhkrdalmtn tk bag ikr tbn mdgalastrmtakl ki prkvaljamc mmars tbnrn (ms tk hn m jkuljac ki galastnrs bnmd hy tbn jbani galastnr tbn prkvaljamc cneascmturn (nrn mcsk ulajmgnrmc tbn jbani galastnr bncd k2jn durale tbn pcnmsurn ki tbn ekvnrlkr tbn prkvaljamc prkvaljamc mssnghcy bmd tbn pk(nr tk gm'n cm( kl tbn suh:njt nlugnrmtnd al tbn prkvaljamc cneascmtavn cast mld tbn jkljurrnlt cneascmtavn cast udajamr+0 tbn prkvasakls rnemrdale :udajmturn al tbn altnrag jklstatutakl ki =1-" (nrn sagacmr tk tbn jklstatutakl ki =1" n8jnpt mcc prkvasakls rnemrdale uprngn Jkurt mld baeb jkurts (nrn eavnl tk emtbnr tbnsn (nrn Tbn pnrgmlnlt pnrgmlnlt snmt ki uprngn uprngn Jkurt Jkurt (ms tk hn al Ascmgmhmd > jkggkl baeb jkurt ikr saldb mld Hmcujbastml (ms tk hn nstmhcasbnd uldnr tbn altnrag jklstatutakl Tbn galagug men men ikr tbn baeb jkurt :uden :uden (ms tk hn 8nd 8nd mt 06 ynmrs ikr ikr tbn rst tagn Tbn men ki rntarngnlt rntarngnlt ki ki baeb jkurt :uden (ms rmasnd rmasnd irkg irkg 6 tk " ynmrs >cc n8astale cm(s (nrn jkltalund al ikrjn (atb lnjnssmry mdmptmtakl& mcc gmrtamc cm( rneucmtakl mld gmrtamc cm( krdnrs n8jnpt tbksn spnjand al tbn -tb sjbnducn stkkd rnpnmcnd (atb mnjt irkg tbn jkggnljale dmy ki altnrag jklstatutakl tbn spnjand
)uscag cm( jkccnen
9men =1
Jklstatutakl bastkry gmrtamc cm( rneucmtakl mld gmrtamc cm( krdnr (nrn dnng tk bmvn tbn mjt ki prkpatamtn cneascmturn
Jklstatutakl ki =1":0 @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@&&
>tb mgnldgnlt al tbn jklstatutakl ki =1":0 *tb mgnldgnlt hacc (ms altrkdujn altrkdujn al lmtaklmc mssnghcy kl =st snp =1- prkvadale ikr tbn nstmhcasbgnlt ki m snpmrmtn baeb jkurt ikr Hmcujbastml mld aldb n8tnldale tbn pnrakd ki snpmrmtakl ki :udajamry irkg n8njutavn, 8nd tbn tnrgs ki tbn jbani :ustajn ki suprngn suprngn jkurt jkurt mld baeb jkurt, jkgpucskry jkgpucskry trmlsinr ki :udens irkg irkg kln baeb jkurt tk mlktbnr, pk(nr ki pulasbgnlt ikr jkltngpt ki jkurt, mld rnstrajtakl ki :urasdajtakl :urasdajtakl ki tbn baeb jkurt tk ermlt ermlt altnrag hacc& hacc& Tbas mgnldgnlt mgnldgnlt hacc (ms pmssnd pmssnd hy lmtaklmc mssnghcy kl *tb nptnghnr =1- hy === vktns tbn kppksatakl stmend m (mc' kut durale tbn "ld rnmdale ki tbn hacc& Tbn hacc (ms pmssnd hy tbn snlmtn kl + nptnghnr =1- mld hnjmgn ml mjt kl =* nptnghnr =1-& /l rnjnavale tbn mssnlt ki tbn prnsadnlt prnsadnlt tbn *tb mgnldgnlt hrkuebt mhkut tbn ikcck(ale gm:kr jbmlens al tbn jklstatutakl Tbn ekvnrlkr ekvnrlkr ki tbn prkvaljn prkvaljn (ms lkt lkt tk hn m pnrgmlnlt pnrgmlnlt rnsadnlt rnsadnlt ki tbmt prkvaljn prkvaljn Tbn pnrakd ikr ikr snpmrmtakl snpmrmtakl ki :udajamry :udajamry irkg n8njutavn n8njutavn (ms nlbmljnd nlbmljnd irkg irkg ! tk * ynmrs& Tbn jbani :ustajn :ustajn ki uprngn uprngn Jkurt ulcnss ulcnss bn rntarn rntarn nmrcanr kl mttmalale tbn men ki *, (kucd bkcd k2jn ikr m pnrakd ki * ynmrs Al tbn smgn gmllnr tbn jbani :ustajn ki baeb jkurt (kucd bkcd k2jn ikr m pnrakd ki 0 ynmrs /l tbn jkgpcntakl ki tbn tnrg ki k2jn ms tbn jbani :ustajn ki tbn suprngn jkurt kr baeb jkurt ms tbn jmsn gmy hn bn (kucd bmvn natbnr ki tbn t(k kptakls tk rntarn irkg bas k2jn mld rnjnavn tbn pnlsakl tk (bajb bn (kucd bmvn hnnl nltatcnd kr tk mssugn tbn k2jn ki tbn gkst snlakr ki tbn :udens ki tbn jkurt jkljnrlnd mld tk jkltalun tk rnjnavn tbn smgn smcmry (bajb bn (ms rnjnavale hn bkcdale tbn k2jn ki tbn jbani :ustajn > jbani :ustajn (bk jkltalund mitnr tbn jkgpcntakl ki bas tnrg ki k2jn ms snlakr gkst :udens jkucd lkt nvnl hn mppkaltnd ms mjtale jbani :ustajn Tbn tnrg ki k2jn ki tbn jbani jbani :ustajn (ms (ms tk mppcy tk tbksn tbksn jbani :ustajns :ustajns tk (bk (nrn mppkaltnd prakr tk tbn nlmjtgnlt ki *tb mgnldgnlt )uscag cm( jkccnen
9men "6
Jklstatutakl bastkry Tbn pk(nr ki tbn suprngn suprngn jkurt tk assun assun darnjtakl, darnjtakl, krdnrs, krdnrs, kr dnjrnns dnjrnns (ms gmdn suh:njt tk tbn mrtajcn =-*$"% ki tbn jklstatutakl (bajb stmtn tbmt lk jkurt sbmcc bmvn mly :urasdajtakl smvn ms as kr gmy hn jklinrrnd hy at hy jklstatutakl kr hy uldnr mly cm(& Tbus tbn uprngn Jkurt :urasdajtakl (ms rnstrajtnd tk (bmt (ms n8prnsscy ermltnd uldnr tbn jklstatutakl kr cm( Tbn jkggkl baeb baeb jkurt ikr aldb mld Hmcujbastml Hmcujbastml (ms (ms dasskcvnd mld snpmrmtn baeb jkurt ikr tbn t(k prkvaljns (nrn tk hn nstmhcasbnd Tbn uprngn uprngn Jkurt mld baeb baeb jkurt (nrn (nrn ikrhaddnl irkg irkg gm'ale mly krdnr krdnr uldnr mrtajcn =11 prkbahatale tbn gm'ale kr suspnldale tbn kpnrmtakl ki ml krdnr ikr tbn dntnltakl ki mly pnrskl uldnr mly cm( prkvadale ikr prnvnltavn dntnltakl >cc ktbnr krdnr (bntbnr gmdn hy suprngn jkurt kr baeb jkurt gm'ale ki (bajb (nrn ikrhaddnl uldnr tbn *tb mgnldgnlt (nrn tk hnjkgn alnnjtavn mitnr tbn jkggnljngnlt ki *tb mgnldgnlt mld mcc mppcajmtakl ikr sujb krdnr tk hn mhnt > :uden ki baeb jkurt jkucd hn trmlsinr irkg kln baeb jkurt tk mlktbnr baeb jkurt ikr m pnrakd ki kln ynmr (atbkut bas jklsnlt mld (atbkut tbn jklsuctmtakl ki tbn jbani :ustajn jkljnrlnd jkljnrlnd >rtajcn "60 ki tbn jklstatutakl (ms mgnldnd mld pk(nrs ki baeb jkurt tk pulasb m pnrskl ikr tbn jkltngpt ki jkurt (ms gmdn suh:njt tk krdalmry cm( > :uden ki baeb jkurt (bk rniusn tk mjjnpt mppkaltgnlt ms :uden ki tbn uprngn Jkurt (kucd hn dnngnd tk bmvn rntarn irkg bas k2jn
=9mucva tmga5uddal 4bml vs2 indnrmtakl ki Vm4astml0 Tbn jklstatunlt jklstatunlt mssnghcy al tbn smgn snssakl snssakl al (bajb (bajb tbn rnpkrt rnpkrt ki tbn hmsaj hmsaj praljapcns jkggattnn (ms mdkptnd " agpkrtmlt haccs kl "6 snp =1*0 at rnpnmcnd tbn puhcaj mld rnprnsnltmtavn k2jns das5umcajmtakl mjt ki =101 $9/DI> mjt% tbn " ld nlmjtgnlt (ms tbn mgnldgnlt ki snjtakl 1, =6 =6>, =6H, ki tbn ekvnrlgnlt ki Aldam mjt =1!* (bajb jurtmacnd tbn ekvnrlkr enlnrmc pk(nrs tk dasgassnd bas galastnrs (bk (kucd lk cklenr bkcd k2jn durale bas pcnmsurn hut (kucd alstnmd hn aldavadumccy mld jkccnjtavncy rnspklsahcn rnspklsahcn tk tbn indnrmc cneascmturn& cneascmturn& Tbas (ms m cmldgmr' dnvnckpgnlt tk(mrds tbn erk(tb ki pmrcamgnltmry pmrcamgnltmry dngkjrmjy al 9m'astml& Tbn tbnl ekvnrlkr ekvnrlkr enlnrmc bucmg )kbmggmd dasskcvns dasskcvns jklstatunlt jklstatunlt mssnghcy mssnghcy mld dnjcmrnd m stmtn ki ngnrenljy tbrkuebkut 9m'astml& )mucva Tmga3ddal 'bml tbn tbnl prnsadnlt ki jklstatunlt mssnghcy jbmccnlend tbn prkjcmgmtakl ki ngnrenljy ms uljklstatutaklmc, uljklstatutaklmc, accnemc, uctrm varus, (atbkut :urasdajtakl, alkpnrmtavn mld vkad mld ms'nd ikr m (rat ki gmldmgus tk rnstrmal tbn ekvnrlgnlt irkg altnrinrale (atb tbn n8nrjasn ki bas iuljtakl ms tbn prnsadnlt ki tbn mssnghcy mld ikr m (rat ki 5uk Fmrrmltk (atb m van( tk dntnrgaln tbn vmcadaty ki m jnrtmal mppkaltgnlts tk tbn ekvnrlkr enlnrmcs, jkuljac ki galastnrs al m jbani jkurt ki aldb& Tbn iucc hnljb ki tbn jbani jkurt ki aldb dnjadnd ulmlagkuscy al imvkr ki )ucva Tmga3uddal 'bml mld )uscag cm( jkccnen
9men "=
Jklstatutakl bastkry mcck(nd bas (rat pntatakls& Tbn jkurt al ats dnjasakl bncd tbmt tbn jklstatunlt mssnghcy bmd tbn skvnrnael pk(nr mld suprngn prnrkemtavn tk mgnld mld rnpnmc n8astale cm(s mld ikrg mld hrale mcsk ikrjn m ln( jklstatutakl& Tbn jkurt mcsk kvnr rucnd, tbn kh:njtakl tm'nl kl hnbmci ki indnrmc ekvnrlgnlt tbmt snjtakl ""!> ki ekvnrlgnlt ki Aldam mjt =1!* (bajb alvnstnd tbn jkurts (atb tbn pk(nr tk assun (rats ki gmldmgus mld 5uk (mrrmltk bmd lkt rnjnavnd tbn mssnlt ki tbn ekvnrlkr enlnrmc mld (ms tbus lkt m vmcad panjn ki cneascmtakl mld lk rncani (kucd tbus hn ermltnd hy tbn jbani jkurt tbnrn uldnr& /l tbn pk(nr ki ekvnrlkr enlnrmc tk dasskcvn tbn jklstatunlt mssnghcy at (ms bncd tbmt tbn Aldam aldnpnldnljn mjt dad lkt jkltmal mly n8prnss prkvasakl ikr dasskcutakl mssnghcy mld tbnrnikrn tbn ekvnrlkr enlnrmc bmd lk pk(nr ki mly 'ald tk dasskcvn tbn jklstatunlt mssnghcy& Tbn jbani jkurt jkurt ki aldb tbus assund assund 5uk (mrrmltk (mrrmltk tk tbn galastnr galastnr al tbn ln( jmhalnt prkbahatale tbng irkg n8nrjasale tbn k2jn ki galastnr mld mcsk m (rat ki gmldmgus rnstkrale )ucva Tmgga3uddal 'bml tk tbn k2jn ms prnsadnlt ki tbn jklstatunlt mssnghcy rnstrmalale rnspkldnlts irkg altnrinrale bas dutans mld khstrujtale bag al tbn n8nrjasn ki bas iuljtakls& >ppnmc tk tbn indnrmc jkurt memalst tbn dnjasakl ki aldb baeb jkurt (ms cnd hy tbn ekvnrlgnlt tbn indnrmc jkurt kl "= gmrjb =1** dnjadnd al imvkr ki ekvnrlgnlt mld rn:njtnd )ucva Tmgga3uddal 'bml pntatakl jbmccnleale tbn prkjcmgmtakl ki ngnrenljy hy tbn ekvnrlkr enlnrmc mld bncd al ats :udegnlt tbmt snjtakl snjtakl ""!> ki ki tbn ekvnrlgnlt ekvnrlgnlt ki Aldam mjt mjt =1!* ms mdkptnd mdkptnd al 9m'astml hy vartun ki (bajb tbn aldb jbani jkurt assund tbn (rat al imvkr ki tbn )ucva Tmgga3uddal Tmgga3uddal 'bml 'bml (ms lkt ynt m cm(, hnjmusn hnjmusn at bmd lkt rnjnavnd rnjnavnd tbn mssnlt mssnlt ki tbn ekvnrlkr enlnrmc mld tbnrnikrn tbn aldb jbani jkurt bmd lk pk(nr tk assun tbn (rat& Tbn dnjasakl dnjasakl ki tbn indnrmc indnrmc jkurt (ms hmsnd hmsnd kl alvmcadaty alvmcadaty ki snj ""!> ""!> ki tbn ekvnrlgnlt ki Aldam mjt =1!* ikr (mlt ki mssnlt ki tbn ekvnrlkr enlnrmc, tbnrnikrn, at dad lkt ek altk 5unstakl ki (bntbnr tbn jklstatunlt mssnghcy (ms raebtcy dasskcvnd hy tbn ekvnrlkr enlnrmc kr lkt&
(/sgm %acmla vs2 ekvnrlgnlt ki Vm4astml0 >itnr >itnr imcc ki Hmlecmdnsb vakcnlt dngklstrmtakls nruptnd memalst tbn gacatmry rneagns bnmdnd hy tbn tbnl jbani gmrtamc cm( mdgalastrmtkr mbym 'bml mld uctagmtncy ymbym 'bml (ms ikrjnd tk rnsael& Ouc5mr mca Hbuttk (ms suhsn5unltcy s(mrg al ms 9m'astml ln( prnsadnlt kl "6 Injnghnr =1-=& >t tbn tagn ki tm'ale kvnr Hbuttk mssugnd ultk bagsnci tbn dumc jmpmjaty ki tbn prnsadnlt mld jbani gmrtamc cm( mdgalastrmtkr& ;n (ms tbn = st mld klcy javacaml gmrtamc cm( mdgalastrmtkr mdgalastrmtkr al tbn bastkry ki 9m'astml tacc dmtn& Huttk assund snvnrmc krdnrs mld tkk' snvnrmc gnmsurns mcc tbn aldustrans (nrn lmtaklmca3nd bn ikrjnd snvnrmc k2jnr ki tbn mrgy tk rnsael )mca' ebucmg emcmla m pkcatajaml irkg #mbkrn mld >ctmi ;ussaml k(bmr ndatkr al jbani dm(l ln(spmpnr (nrn mrrnstnd mld pcmjnd uldnr prnvnltavn dntnltakl uldnr tbn dninlsn ki 9m'astml rucn mld gmrtamc cm( rneucmtakl lughnr -+& >sgm ?acmla tbn dmuebtnr ki bucmg ?acmla cnd m jklstatutaklmc pntatakl memalst tbn dntnltakl ki bnr imtbnr ucbmg ?acmla al tbn #mbkrn baeb jkurt (bajb (ms dasgassnd hy tbn #mbkrn baeb jkurt rncyale kl tbn dnjasakl ki uprngn Jkurt al tbn jmsn ki stmtn vs& Ikssk )uscag cm( jkccnen
9men ""
Jklstatutakl bastkry mld 'nncskl tbnkry ki lnjnssaty& >l mppnmc (ms prninrrnd tk tbn uprngn Jkurt memalst tbn dnjasakl ki baeb jkurt& Tbn prnjasn 5unstakl hnikrn tbn suprngn jkurt (ms (bntbnr tbn baeb jkurt bmd :urasdajtakl uldnr tbn =1" jklstatutakl tk nl5uarn altk tbn vmcadaty ki dntnltakl uldnr tbn gmrtamc cm( rneucmtakl lughnr -+ ki =1-= al van( ki tbn hmr jrnmtnd hy tbn prkvasakls ki tbn :urasdajtakl :urasdajtakl ki jkurt $rngkvmc ki dkuhts krdnr =11% mlktbnr 5unstakl (ms (bntbnr tbn dkjtraln ki nluljamtnd al tbn jmsn ki stmtn vs& Ikssk (ms jkrrnjt mld mppcajmhcn a&n& ai tbn tnrratkry mld tbn pnkpcn rngmal suhstmltamccy tbn smgn mld tbnrn as lk jbmlen al tbn altnrlmtaklmc nltaty ki tbn stmtn tbnl mjjkrdale tk altnrlmtaklmc cm( m sujjnssiuc rnvkcutakl hnjkgns tbn cneatagmtn ekvnrlgnlt mld tbn vmcad jklstatutakl ki tbn stmtn mitnr tm'ale m dntmacnd n8mgalmtakl ki tbn nvnlts mld jarjugstmljns cnmdale bmldale kvnr ki pk(nrs tk ymbym 'bml tbn jkurt jmgn tk jkljcusakl tbmt ymbym 'bml dad lkt mcck( tbn jklstatutakl gmjbalnry gmjbalnry tk jkgn altk nnjt alstnmd bn usurpnd tbn iuljtakl ki ekvnrlgnlt mld stmrtnd assuale mcc 'alds ki gmrtamc cm( rneucmtakl prnsadnltamc krdnr mld nvnl krdalmljns& Tbnrn (ms tbus lk 5unstakl tbmt tbn gacatmry rucn skuebt tk hn agpksnd upkl tbn jkultry hy mbym 'bml (ms nltarncy accnemc mld khsnrvnd tbmt >yuh 'bml bmd lk pk(nr uldnr =1" tk bmld kvnr pk(nr tk mbym 'bml alstnmd uldnr tbn =1" jklstatutakl bn jkucd bmvn rnsaelnd mld tbn spnm'nr ki lmtaklmc mssnghcy jkucd bmvn tm'nl ms mjtale prnsadnlt mitnr bmvale bncd mbym 'bml ms usurpnr mld mcc cm(s nlmjtnd al bas rneagn as accnemc tbn suprngn jkurt bncd tbn tbnkry ki lnjnssaty ms nluljamtnd al tbn Ikssk jmsn ms ulavnrsmccy lkt mppcajmhcn mppcajmhcn mld dkns lkt ld suppkrt irkg mly praljapcn ki altnrlmtaklmc cm( tbn :udegnlt ki tbn suprngn jkurt (ms vmcadcy mpprnjamtnd hut at (ms mcsk jrataja3nd hnjmusn at (ms eavnl mitnr tbn kvnr tbrkueb ki usurpnr tbn rnmc tnst ki aldnpnldnljn ki bn suprngn jkurt (kucd bmvn hnnl ai tbn :udegnlt bmvn hnnl gmdn (bacn mbym 'bml (ms stacc al pk(nr&
! kssk jmsn vs2 stmtn0 Tbn vnrdajt vnrdajt ki tbas jmsn jmsn as mlktbnr alstmljn alstmljn ki tbn tbn mrhatrmry stycn stycn ki (kr'ale ki :ustajn )ular, )ular, klcy tk pcnmsn pcnmsn tbn ln( gmstnr gmstnr ki tbn jkultry jkultry bn mdkptnd 'nncskl 'nncskl tbnkry ki lnjnssaty mctbkueb tbas tbnkry as hy lk gnmls mppcajmhcn tk m satumtakl ca'n mhrkemtakl ki tbn jklstatutakl mld agpksatakl ki gmrtamc cm( alstnmd 'nncskl tbnkry ki lnjnssaty as klcy mppcajmhcn tk tbn satumtakl ca'n Nrnljb rnvkcutakl Dussaml rnvkcutakl rnvkcutakl mld tbn rnvkcutakl ki Arml ntj& :ustajn )ular turlnd gmrtamc cm( ms rnvkcutakl mld ikr dkale sk& Nmjts Ikssk mld )ubmggmd 'bml (nrn jklvajtnd hy tbn dastrajt gmeastrmtn al tbn $#krmcma% spnjamc mrnm uldnr snj !- rnmd (atb snj ="$"% ki tbn irkltanr jragn rneucmtakl $NJD% =16= mld snltnljn tk * ynmrs raekrkus agprasklgnlt nmjb kl tbn hmsas ki ml m(mrd hy tbn ?arem $jragalmc jkulsnc% mld dntmalnd al :mac mt gmjb (bajb (ms kutsadn tbn spnjamc mrnm al (atbal tbn :urasdajtakl ki tbn baeb jkurt memalst tbas dnjasakl Ikssk mpprkmjb #mbkrn baeb jkurt (atb m (rat pntatakl ikr tbnrn hnale snt mt cahnrty kl tbn erkuld tbmt tbny (kucd hnale accnemccy dntmalnd tbn baeb jkurt bncd )uscag cm( jkccnen
9men "!
Jklstatutakl bastkry tbn prkvasakl ki NJD as vkad hnale rnpuelmlt tk mrtajcn * ki tbn jklstatutakl mld bncd tbmt tbn jklvajtakl ki Ikssk accnemc mld (atbkut :urasdajtakl hut tbny ikuld tbngsncvns ulmhcn tk snt tbng msadn ms tbn trmac bmd tm'nl pcmjn al spnjamc mrnm (bajb uldnr tbn mrtajcn =-+ ki tbn jklstatutakl (ms lkt (atbal tbnar :urasdajtakl mld bk(nvnr krdnr tbnrn rncnmsn kl tbn erkuld tbmt tbny (nrn accnemccy dntmalnd& Tbn indnrmc ekvnrlgnlt ccnd ml mppnmc memalst tbn vnrdajt ki #mbkrn baeb jkurt tk tbn suprngn jkurt ki 9m'astml (bacn mppnmc stkkd pmstnd tk tbn =! ki /jtkhnr ikr bnmrale tbn prnsadnlt a'mldmr )ar3m mhrkemtnd tbn jklstatutakl hy m prkjcmgmtakl assund kl tbn kjt =1*+ mld tbn kl tbn =6 6jt bn prkgucemtnd $tbn cm( jkltalumljn al ikrjn krdnr =1*+% (bajb ngpk(nrnd mcc tbn jkurts aln8astnljn aggndamtncy hnikrn tbn prkjcmgmtakl tk jkltalun mld n8nrjasn tbnar pk(nr suh:njt tk tbn prkvasakls ikr tbn smad krdnr mld mcsk tbn vmcadmtakl mld jkltalumljn ki cm(s ktbnr tbnl tbn jklstatutakl tbmt (nrn nlikrjn aggndamtncy hnikrn tbn prkjcmgmtakl mld rnstkrmtakl mld ki tbn :urasdajtakl ki mcc jkurts aljcudale tbmt jkurt baeb jkurt mld suprngn jkurt tk assund (rat tbn krdnr iurtbnr darnjtnd tbmt tbn jkultry tbnrn mitnr tk hn 'lk(l ms 9m'astml alstnmd ki Ascmgaj rnpuhcaj ki 9m'astml sbmcc hn ekvnrlnd ms lkrgmccy ms gmy hn al mjjkrdmljn ki tbn prnvakus jklstatutakl& Cnrdajt ki tbn suprngn jkurt (bacn dnjadale mppnmc Ikssk jmsn hy tbn suprngn jkurt :ustajn )ular mppcand 'nncsklsB tbnkry ki cm( ki lnjnssaty (bajb stmtnd tbmt > vajtkrakus rnvkcutakl rnvkcutakl as m cnemc gkdn ki jbmleale m jklstatutakl mld tbn lmtaklmc cnemc krdnr ikr ats vmcadaty dnpnlds upkl tbn (acc ki tbn ln( cm( jrnmtale kremls nvnl jkurts iuljtakls klcy tk tbn n8tnlt mld al tbn gmllnr dntnrgaln hy tbn ln( jklstatutaklmc krdnr m sujjnssiuc rnvkcutakl smtasns tbn tnst ki n2jmjy ai tbn ln( jklstatutaklmc jklstatutaklmc krdnr suspnlds tbn iuldmgnltmc raebts tbn pnldale mppcajmtakl ikr (rats kr (rats mcrnmdy assund hut suh:udajn al mppnmc hnikrn tbn suprngn jkurt kr rn5uarale nlikrjngnlt , mhnt al mly stmtutn dnjcalnd vkad kl tbn hmsas ki ats hnale aljklsastnlt tbnrn (atb sbmcc rnvnmcnd tbn suprngn jkurt bncd tbmt =% > vajtkrakus rnvkcutakl kr m sujjnssiuc $jkup dn ntmt% as ml altnrlmtaklmccy rnjkela3nd "%>itnr m jbmlen ki tbmt jbmrmjtnr bms tm'nl pcmjn tbn lmtaklmc cnemc krdnr gust ikr ats vmcadaty dnpnlds upkl tbn ln( cm( jrnmtale kremls nvnl jkurt cksn tbnar n8astale :urasdajtakl :urasdajtakl mld jml iuljtakl iuljtakl klcy tk tbn n8tnlt mld mld al tbn gmllnr dntnrgaln hy hy tbn ln( jklstatutakl !%Ai tbn tnrratkry mld tbn pnkpcn rngmal suhstmltamccy tbn smgn, tbnrn as , uldnr tbn gkdnrl :urastaj dkjtraln lk jbmlen al tbn jkrpus kr altnrlmtaklmc nltaty ki tbn stmtn mld tbn rnvkcutaklmry ekvnrlgnlt mld tbn ln( jklstatutakl mrn, mjjkrdale tk altnrlmtaklmc altnrlmtaklmc cm( tbn cneatagmtn ekvnrlgnlt mld tbn vmcad jklstatutakl ki tbn stmtn 0%(bnl rnvkcutakl rnvkcutakl as sujjnssiuc at smtasns tbn tnst ki n2jmjy mld hnjkgns hnst cm( jrnmtale imjt kl tbmt mssugptakl tbn cm(s jkltalumljn al ikrjn krdnr bk(nvnr trmlsatkry kr agpnrinjt (ms m ln( cnemc krdnr mld at (ms al mjjkrdmljn (atb tbmt )uscag cm( jkccnen
9men "0
Jklstatutakl bastkry krdnr tbmt vmcadaty ki tbn cm(s mld tbn jkrrnjtlnss ki :udajamc dnjasakl bmd tk hn dntnrgalnd *% >rtajcn " ki tbn cm( jkltalumljn al ikrjn krdnr =1*+ prkvadnd tbmt 9m'astml sbmcc hn ekvnrlnd ms lnmrcy ms gmy hn al mjjkrdmljn (atb tbn cmtn jklstatutakl hut tbas prkvasakl prkvasakl dad lkt bmvn tbn nnjt ki rnstkrale iuldmgnltmc raebt hnjmusn tbn rninrnljn tk ekvnrlgnlt al tbas mrtajcn (ms tk tbn strujturn mld kutcaln ki ekvnrlgnlt mld lkt tk tbn cm(s ki tbn cmtn jklstatutakl (bajb bmd hnnl n8prnsscy mhrkemtnd hy mrtajcn 0 % Tbn mppcajmtakl ikr (rat al tbn iuturn (acc dnpnld kl tbn erkuld tbmt mly kln kr gkrn ki tbn cm(s gnltakl al tbn mrtajcn 0 kr mly ktbnr raebt prnsnrvnd hy tbn cm(s jkltalumljn al ikrjn krdnr bms hnnl jkltrmvnlnd& al sbkrt suprngn jkurt jmljnccnd bn :udegnlt ki #mbkrn baeb jkurt vmcadmtnd tbn gmrtamc cm( cnemca3nd mld rnjkela3nd tbn cm( jkltalumljn nlikrjn krdnr ms m ln( cnemc krdnr al NJD =16= (ms mcsk tnrgnd vmcad tbas :udegnlt pmvnd tbn (my ikr iuturn dajtmtkrsbap hy tm'ale uldun mdvmltmen ki tbn 'nncskl tbnkry ki lnjnssaty ms nlvasmend hy :ustajn )ular al Ikssk jmsn&
> ,neug lusrmt ,buttk jmsn0 Nmjts Ouc5mr >ca Hbuttk mllkuljnd tbmt ncnjtakl (acc hn bncd kl - tb gmrjb =1--& Al krdnr tk dninmt Ouc5mr >ca Hbuttk bk( (ms tbn jbmargml ki 999 mccamljn ki tbn 1 pkcatajmc pmrtans kl tbn lmgn ki 9m'astml lmtaklmc mccamljn $97>% (ms gmdn& Al tbn ncnjtakl ikr tbn lmtaklmc mssnghcy 999 (kl =** snmts kut ki "66 mld 97> (kl ! snmts (bacn 1 snmts (nrn tm'nl hy aldnpnldnlt jmldadmtns& 9m'astml lmtaklmc mccamljn hcmgnd 999 ikr raeeale al tbn ncnjtakl mld dngmldnd rnsaelmtakl irkg Hbuttk, damckeuns (nrn (nrn mcsk gmdn hnt(nnl 999 mld 97> tk snttcn dasputn (bajb (nrn ulsujjnssiuc &97> dngmldnd rnsaelmtakl irkg Hbuttk hut bn rniusnd ms m rnsuct 97> hkyjkttnd irkg tbn ncnjtakl ki prkvaljamc mssnghcans mld m gmss gkvngnlt (ms stmrtnd memalst 999 tbrkuebkut tbn jkultry& /l * tb ?ucy =1-- tbn tbnl jbani ki mrgy stm agpksnd gmrtamc cm( al tbn jkultry mld mrrnstnd Ouc5mr >ca Hbuttk mckle (atb ktbnr prkgalnlt cnmdnrs ki tbn 999& Frat pntatakl hy 7usrmt Hbuttk tbn (ain ki Ouc5mr >ca Hbuttk hneug 7usmrt Hbuttk jbmccnlend tbn dntnltakl ki bnr bushmld mld cnd m (rat pntatakl al tbn suprngn jkurt ki 9m'astml uldnr mrtajcn =+0$!% ki tbn jklstatutakl ki =1-!& /l hnbmci ki 7usrmt Hbuttk, mbym Hm'taymr suhgattnd tbn ikcck(ale mreugnlts& =% Tbn jkurt sbkucd rncy kl >sgm ?ncmla ?ncmla jmsn al (bajb tbn tbn gmrtamc cm( cm( (ms dnjcmrnd lucc mld vkad "% Tbn jbani ki mrgy stm uldnr tbn jklstatutakl jklstatutakl ki =1-! bms lk mutbkraty mutbkraty tk agpksn gmrtamc cm( !% Tbn agpksatakl agpksatakl ki gmrtamc cm( cm( as ml mjt ki ki baeb trnmskl trnmskl uldnr tbn tbn jklstatutakl jklstatutakl mrtajcn ki =1-!
)uscag cm( jkccnen
9men "*
Jklstatutakl bastkry 0% Tbn gmrtam gmrtamcc cm( cm( kl kl tbn tbn *tb ?ucy =1--, tbn gmrtamc cm( rneucmtakl rneucmtakl krdnr lughnr =" mld dntnltakl ki Ouc5mr >ca Hbuttk (ms (atbkut cm(iuc mutbkraty mutbkraty *% Tbn mrrnsts mrrnsts mld dntnltakl ki 999 cnmdnrs (ms baebcy baebcy dasjragalmtale dasjragalmtale mld mld gmcmdn % Tbn dntnltakl ki Hbuttk mld ktbnr cnmdnrs as jkltrmry tk tbn iuldmgnltmc iuldmgnltmc raebts eavnl al tbn jklstatutakl ki =1-!& /l tbn ktbnr bmld >&' Hrkba jkltnldnd kl hnbmci ki indnrmtakl bn eavns tbn ikcck(ale mreugnlts al tbn rnhuttmc ki tbn mreugnlt ki mbym Hm'taymr& =% Tbn jkurt sbkucd rncy kl Ikssk jmsn jmsn alstnmd ki >sgm ?acmla ?acmla jmsn al (bajb gmrtamc cm( (ms dnjcmrnd vmcad hy tbn suprngn jkurt ki 9m'astml& "% ;n smad tbmt tbn tbn suprngn jkurt jkurt bms lk :urasdajtak :urasdajtakl l rnemrdale rnemrdale tbn vmcadaty vmcadaty ki gmrtamc cm( rneucmtakl hnjmusn ki tbn ln( krdnr $cm( jkltalumljn krdnr ki =1--% !% Dnemrdale Dnemrdale mrtajcn mrtajcn ki tbn jklstatutakl jklstatutakl tbmt tbmt Oam bmd jkggattnd jkggattnd baeb trnmskl trnmskl bn suhgattnd tbmt tbn mjtakl tm'nl hy enlnrmc Oamucbm5 (ms lnjnssmry hnjmusn ki tbn ikcck(ale rnmskls m% )mssavn )mssavn raeeal raeeale e al enlnrm enlnrmcc ncnjtakl ncnjtakl ki ki =1-h% Jkultry Jkultry (adn dngkls dngklstrmt trmtakl akl memalst memalst tbn smad smad raeeale raeeale j% Iun tk jkultry jkultry dngklstr dngklstrmtak mtakl l tbn (krsn cm( mld mld krdnr satumt satumtakl akl al tbn jkultry mld hrnm' dk(l ki jklstatutaklmc jklstatutaklmc gmjbalnry d% Invmstmtakl ki puhcaj puhcaj mld pravmtn prkpnrty prkpnrty durale durale dngklstrmtakl dngklstrmtakl ;n jkltnldnd tbmt tbnsn imjtkrs ikrjnd tbn tbnl jbani ki mrgy stm enlnrmc 3amucbm5 tk agpksn gmrtamc cm( al tbn jkultry tk tbn smvn tbn jkultry irkg jbmks& 0% >&' hrkb hrkbaa iurtbnr iurtbnr suhgatt suhgattnd nd tbmt tbmt up tk * tb :ucy =1--& 9m'astml (ms ekvnrl hy tbn =1-! jklstatutakl hut mitnr tbn ln( krdnr nlikrjnd hy enlnrmc 3amucbm5 tbn jklstatutakl (ms suspnldnd mld lk( tbn ln( krdnr (acc hn ikcck(nd *% mbym hm'btymr suhgattnd suhgattnd tbn pntatakl pntatakl ki hneug lusrmt lusrmt Hbuttk hut ><& Hrkba Hrkba suhgattnd tbmt uldnr tbn ln( cm( jkltalumljn nlikrjn krdnr =1--& Tbn raebt tk nlikrjn tbn iuldmgnltmc raebts tbrkueb jkurt (ms suspnldnd mld ikr tbmt rnmskl tbn pntatakl ki lusrmt Hbuttk (ms lkt gmaltmalmhcn& bmraiuddal 9ar3mdm tbn tbnl mttkrlny enlnrmc mcsk eavn bas mreugnlts al suppkrt ki tbn jbani ki mrgy stm mld tbn jarjugstmljns cnmdale tk tbn agpksatakl ki gmrtamc cm( mld stmtnd tbmt tbnsn jarjugstmljns iuccy mttrmjt tbn dkjtraln ki stmtn lnjnssaty ms stmtnd hy tbn jkurt al dkssk jmsn& ;n iurtbnr stmtnd tbmt smtn lnjnssaty as lkt klcy m (nstnrl jkljnpt hut at as mcsk rnjkela3nd hy tbn ;kcy Murml al urrmb >c Hm5mrm Cnrdajt ki tbn suprngn jkurt tbn suprngn jkurt bnmdnd hy jbani :ustajn >l(mrucbm5 eavn :udegnlt kl =6 lkv =1-- kl tbn hmsas ki tbnkry ki stmtn lnjnssaty al tbn imvkr ki mrgy stm mld dnjcmrnd tbn kustnd ki Ouc5mr mca Hbuttk irkg pk(nr mld bas dntnltakl ms vmcad mld tbn pntatakl ki 7usrmt Hbuttk (ms dasgassnd uldnr tbn gmrtamc cm( rneucmtakl lughnr =" ki =1--& )uscag cm( jkccnen
9men "
Jklstatutakl bastkry Tbn gmrtamc cm( agpksnd hy Oamucbm5 Oamucbm5 (ms vmcadmtnd vmcadmtnd kl tbn erkuld erkuld ki dkjtraln ki ki stmtn lnjnssaty mld kl tbn hmsas ki 'nncskls tbnkry (bajb (ms prnvakuscy dnjcmrnd lucc mld vkad hy tbn uprngn Jkurt al msgm :acmla jmsn mld (ms memal rnalstmtnd al tbas jmsn& Tbn dnjasakl al tbas jmsn (ms lktbale gkrn tbml tk gm'n strkle tbn bmlds ki m gacatmry dajtmtkr mld tk dngkcasb tbn dngkjrmjy&
5) HNLMPA HN LMPAX X HB^TTK Y/Z VXNZADNL VXNZ ADNLT T KI VMOAZ VMOAZTM TML. L. (VCD =112-ZJ-:2:) Ms m rnsuct ki Enlnrmc Ncnjtakl =11:, tbn VVV snjurn 29 snmts ml tbn V!C-" snjurn #: snmts$ %l matakl, V!C-& (&ula'k) snjurn 9 snmts ml ikrn mccamljn atb tbn VVV mt tbn jnltnr ml Vul'm* atb tbn bnc+ ki %ln+nlnlts n*nrs ml skn smcc +mrtans, nlmar buttk ms ncnjtn Vran !alastnr kl =1 .jtk*nr =11:$ Mitnr tbn ikrmtakl ki tbn /k6nrlnlt tbn lnt stn+ ms tbn ncnjtakl ki tbn +rnsanlt, bajb ms bnc kl =: "k6n*nr =11:$ %latamcc8, m n*nr ki jmlamtns, aljcual/ cnmal/ +kcatajmc ia/urns can ikrnr i krnr Vrnsanlt Ebucm%sbm4 >bml, "mm*mm"msruccmb >bml, "mm* M*mr bu/t8, Mar !mrtamc (5) Ms/bmr >bml ntj, iacn tbnar lkalmtakl +m+nrs$ Cmttnr kl bkn6nr, tbn8 rmit kut ki tbn rmjn kln *8 kln ml klc 8 tk jmlamtns nrn cnit al tbn ianc, mjtakl Vrnsanlt msaZm''m, msaZm''m, m lkalnn ki tbn V!C-" ml mrk4 Mbm >bml Cm/bmra tbn lkalnn ki tbn VVV$ mrk4 Mbm Mbm >bml Cm/bmra ms ncnjtn atb 6ktns jmst al bas im6kr m/malst =92 6ktns +kccn jmst al im6kr ki msaZm''m$ msaZm''m$ nikrn nikrn nlma nlmarr tkk tkk k6nr k6nr ms Vran Vran !alast !alastnr nr al =11:$ =11:$ Zbn +rka +rkasn sn rnikr rnikrss rn/mr rn/mral/ al/ tbn m++kaltnlt ki &u/ns bk kuc al iuturn *n mn kl mtn$ ut at a lkt tmn bnr ckl/ tk rnln/n kl bnr +rkasn$ %t as a+krtmlt tk ulnrstmlal/ tbn n+nranljal/ atb tbn 'uajamr8 tbmt a/bt bm6n sbm+n bnr k+alakl, mttatun ml bnr +kcajans tkmrs tbn su+nrakr 'uajamr8$ 0bmt as tbn tan ki bnr imtbnr ucia4mr Mca buttk bajb sbn turln ms 'uajamc urnr al bnr kk ?Dmu/btnr ki tbn Nmst3 ml sbn tbas +nrjna6n tbn 'uajamr8 ms aljcusakl aljcusakl atb tbn !mrtamc cm cm rn/an Enlnrmc amuc7m4 amuc7m4 bajb kustn ki bnr imtbnr$ imtbnr$ Mitnr tbas tbn VVV /k6nrlnlt mats kl m rm+m/n m/malst tbn 'uajamr8$ M Jbani &ustajns ki Cmbkrn ml Zalb 7a/b Jkurt, bk tbn /k6nrlnlt *ncan6n tk *n m +kst tk tbn VVV kr s8+mtbntaj tk tbn +kcatajmc +mrt8 al k++ksatakl nrn rnk6n ml m++kaltn nnrmc Zbmramb Jkurt al tbn nmlbacn aiinrnljns bms *nnl *rm6al/ *ntnnl Vrnsanlt Cm/bmra ml Vran !alastnr nlmar buttk$ %t cnt tk k+nl jklirkltmtakls *ntnnl tbn tk bajb *njmn +u*caj kl tbn iacal/ ki tbn Vrnsanlts rninrnljn "k$ <; ki =119 =119 kl ;= Zn+tn Zn+tn*nr *nr$$ M +mrt irk tbn jklia jkliarm rmtak takl l ki tbn tbn Vrnsa Vrnsanlt nlt Cm/bmra Cm/bmra tbnrn tbnrn nrn nrn ktbnr ktbnr n6nck+nlt tbmt mn nlmar /k6nrlnlt 6nlnrm*cn$ !ass /k6nrlmljn *8 nlmar ms lk snjrnt$ 0bn 5k+a (5s) ms *nnl rm+ac8 n6mcun ml tbn *mcmljn ki +m8nlts ms *njkal/ aljrnmsal/c8 m6nrsn rnsuctmltc8 Vrnsanlt Cm/bmrastruj al tbn la/bt *ntnnl F H "k6n*nr *8 asskc6al/ tbn "mtaklmc Mssn*c8 ulnr Mrtajcn H2(;)(*) ki tbn Jklstatutakl tbnrn*8 asassal/ tbn /k6nrlnlt$ $ >bmca m ikrnr n*nr ki tbn VVV, m ikrnr s+nmnr ki tbn "mtaklmc Mssn*c8 ml ikrnr Jbani !alastnr ki Vul'm* ms m++kalt ms jmrn tmnr Vran !alastnr$ !alastnr$
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9men "-
Jklstatutakl bastkry 0bn krnr ki tbn asskcutakl ki "mtaklmc Mssn*c8 ms *msn kl ikcckal/ /rkuls= ; : F H 9
0bkusmls 0bkusmls ki +nrskls +nrskls nrn nrn accn accn al >mrmjba >mrmjba al Vkcajn Vkcajn justk8 justk8 ml ml imcsn imcsn Vkcajn Vkcajn al jkultnr jkultnr$$ 0bn nnrmc nnrmc /k6nrl /k6nrlnlt nlt al tbn Vrk6al Vrk6aljam jamcc /k6nrl /k6nrlnl nltt ki Zalb, Zalb, Vul'm* Vul'm* ml "$$ "$$$V $V imacn imacn tk maltmal cm ml krnr tk stk+ tbn jrans ntrm 'uajamc accal/$ Vran !alast !alastnr nr nlmar nlmar buttk buttk imcsnc8 imcsnc8 alsalum alsalumtn tn tbmt tbmt tbn Vrnsanl Vrnsanltt ml ktbnr ktbnr m/nljans m/nljans ki tbn tbn stmtn stmtn ms al6kc6n al jkls+armj8 tbmt rnsuctn al tbn urnrn !ar !urtmm buttk$ Vran !alast !alastnr nr raajucn raajucn 'u/ 'u/nlt nlt ki Zu+rnn Zu+rnn Jkurt Jkurt al tbn tbn &u/ns &u/ns jmsn jmsn ml nca*nr nca*nrmtnc8 mtnc8 ncm8 ncm8n n ats a+cnnltmtakl a +cnnltmtakl$$ Jkrru+tak Jkrru+takl, l, ln+ktas ln+ktas ml ml 6akcmtak 6akcmtakl l ki rucns rucns al tbn malast malastrmtak rmtakl l ki miimars miimars ki tbn tbn /k6nrlnl /k6nrlnltt ml ats 6mrakus *kans$ 0bn jklstat jklstatutak utaklmc lmc rn4uarn rn4uarnnlts nlts tbmt tbmt tbn jm*alnt jm*alnt tk/ntbn tk/ntbnrr atb tbn tbn alastnrs alastnrs ki tbn tbn stmtn sbkuc sbkuc *n *n jkccnjta6nc8 rns+klsa*cn tk tbn "mtaklmc Mssn*c8 bm *nnl 6akcmtn$ nlmar nlmar buttk buttk Jbmccnl/n Jbmccnl/n tbn asskcutakl asskcutakl ki "mtaklmc "mtaklmc Mssn*c8 Mssn*c8 ml tbn asassmc asassmc ki bnr /k6nrlnlt *8 tbn Vrnsanlt ulnr Mrtajcn Mrtajcn H2(;)(*) ki tbn Jklstatutakl =1#:$ mrrastnr Mntam7msml mr/un kl *nbmci ki nlmar buttk, bn stmtn *nikrn tbmt Mrtajcn H2(;)(*) ki tbn Jklstatutakl ki Vmastml lk ku*t al +knr tbn Vrnsanlt tk tmn mjtakl *ut tbn Vrnsanlt kns lkt +kssnss ulinttnrn ulnr tbn sma Mrtajcn$ %ts rnstrajtn ml jarjusjra*n *8 +rnjklatakl$ arst bn bms tbn tk ikr ml k+alakl k*'njta6nc8 kl tbn mtnramc *nikrn ba bm6al/ lnus atb tbn +rnjklatakl cma kl *8 tbn Mrtajcn H2(;)(*) suiiajanlt tk smtasian ml8 +runlt m8 ki lkrmc altncca/nljn tbmt tbn /k6nrlnlt jmllkt *n jmrran kl al mjjkrmljn atb tbn +rk6asakl ki tbn jklstatutakl ml m++nmc tk ncnjtkrmtn ms lnjnssmr8$ lnjnssmr8$ 0bnrnmitnr, tbn Vrnsanlt m8 nnrjasn tbn +knrs ulnr Mrtajcn H2(;) (*) mcsk bn su*attn *nikrn tbn Zu+rnn Jkurt tbmt tbn Vrnsanlt jml al6kn Mrtajcn H2(;) (*) tk asskc6n tbn "mtaklmc Mssn*c8 klc8 al sujb m /rm6n satumtakl al bajb mtnramc cm jml *n a+ksn ms al =1## ml tbnrn as jk+cntn *rnmkl ki jklstatutakl mjbalnr8 *ut al tbn jurrnlt jmsn tbnrn nrn lk sujb irnn jklatakl al tbn Vrnsanlt bms rkl/c8 m++can ulnr Mrtajcn H2(;) (*) ki tbn Jklstatutakl ml tbn Vntataklnr mcsk su*attn tbmt tbn jmsn ki nlmar buttk as anltajmc atb tbn jmsn ki "mm Zbmrai, bnljn sbn as mcsk nltatcn tk tbn smn rncani ki rnstkrmtakl ms ms /a6nl al tbmt jmsn$ @udegnlt k t!n Zu"#ngn $ku#t% 0bn Zu+rnn Jkurt njcmrn ats 'u/nlt tbn ialal/ ki Zu+rnn Jkurt ms ulnr= 0bn Zu+rnn Zu+rnn Jkurt Jkurt bnc tbmt tbmt tbn Vrnsan Vrnsanlt lt jml al6kn al6kn Mrtajc Mrtajcnn H2(;) (*) (*) tk asskc6n asskc6n tbn tbn "mtakl "mtakl Mssn*c8 bnl tbnrn as al bas k+alakl m satumtakl as mrasal/ al bajb tbn /k6nrlnlt ki innrmtakl atb tbn +rk6asakl ki Jklstatutakl ml m++nmc tk tbn ncnjtkrmtn ms lnjnssmr8 al sujb can satumtakl ms 6nr8 ujb +rnsnlt al tbn Nmstnr jmsn$ ; Zu+rn Zu+rnnn Jkurt Jkurt rn'njtn rn'njtn tbn +cnm ki Mnta Mntam m 7mssml 7mssml ikr tbn rnstkrm rnstkrmtak takl l ki /k6nrl /k6nrlnl nltt ki nlmar buttk ms ms kln al tbn jmsn ki "mm Zbmrai *njmusn tbnrn nrn 6nr8 ujb aiinrnljns al tbn tk jmsns can ntrm 'uajamc jatanl ki >mrmjba al imn Vkcajn aljkultnr n6nl bnr *rktbnr (!urtmm buttk) ms accn al kln sujb aljkultnr$ ncmtn a+cnnltmtakl ki tbn 'u/nlt al tbn jmsn ki m++kaltnlt ki 'u/ns bajb as tbn 6akcmtakl ki Mrtajcn =1< ml Mrtajcn ;(m) ki tbn Jklstatutakl$ 0bnrn nrn suiiajanlt mtnramc m6macm*cn kl tbn rnjkr tbn tncn+bkln ki tbn &u/ns ki Zu+rnn Jkurt cnmnrs ki tbn +kcatajmc +mrt8 ml ba/b rmlal/ ki !acatmr8 ml ja6ac kiiajamc nrn *nal/ tm+n ml snl tk tbn +ntataklnr ikr rnmal/ tbnrn nrn mssa6n jkrru+takl, ln+ktas ml 6akcmtakl ki rucns "ns+m+nr juttal/, nrn rncan u+kl bas mtnramc su++krt ki tbn asskcutakl ml ikr tbksn imjts ml rnmskl m*k6n tbn Zu+rnn Jkurt
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9men "+
Jklstatutakl bastkry u+bkc u+bkc tbn krnr krnr ki asskc asskcuta utakl kl +mssn +mssn *8 tbn Vrnsa Vrnsanlt nlt ml asa asassn ssn tbn tbn +ntata +ntatakl kl ki +ntataklnr$ +ntataklnr$
&)$'(n '* L'*'+ Z!'#, -( V#n(,dnlt k V',(t'l Alt#kdut,kl
Mitnr aln+nlnljn, Vmastml +k+ucmr ats nm +kcatajmc alstatutakls ml +knriuc Mr8$ Zk, tbnsn m'kr imjtkrs, Vmastml lkt jklstatutaklmc n6nck+nlt ml ml8 ja6ac Ek6nrlnlts bm6n *nnl asassn$ bnl "mtaklmc Mssn*c8 bms *nnl asskc6n ml Vran !alastnr bms *nnl snlt bkn, tbml tbn +kcatajmc cnmnr bm6n iacn jmsns al su+nrakr jkurts m/malst sujb ulnkjrmtaj stn+s ml &uajamr8 +cm8s m 6nr8 a+krtmlt rkcn al tbn altnr+rntmtakl ki tbn cm$ 0bn a+krtmlt ml cnmal/ jmsn al tbn 7astkr8 ki Vmastml as !ubmm "mm Zbmrai 6s Vrnsanlt ki Vmastml jmsn as kln ki tbn$ Hnl! k Zu"#ngn $ku#t •
$!,n @u(t,n% Lmsag Bmssml Zbmb Zbmb
@u(t,n% Zbmia-ur-Xnbgml
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@u(t,n% Zmmd Zmkkd @ml
@u(t,n% Mhduc ]mdnnr Jbmudbmry Jbmudbmry
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@u(t,n% M`gmc Gaml
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@u(t,n% Zm``md Mca Zbmb
@u(t,n% Gubmggmd Xmiaqun Xmiaqun Tmrmr Tmrmr
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@u(t,n% Zmcnng Mb!nr
@u(t,n% Zmnnd uz "mgml Zaddaqua
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%bml @u(t,n% #mzmc $cmba %bml
Mizmc Ckln @u(t,n% Gubmggmd Mizmc
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kcckal/ mrn tbn imjts ki jmsn "mm Zbmrai 6s Vrnsanlt ki Vmastml 6. D,n#nln( *,t! V#n(,dnlt
Mctb Mc tbku ku/b /b *k *ktb tb Vr Vra ann !a !ala last stnr nr "m "mm m Zb Zbmr mrai ai ml ml Vr Vrns nsa anl nltt Eb Ebuc ucm m %s %sbm bm4 4 >b >bml ml n nrn rn jklsnr6mta6ns, 8nt aiinrnljn k6nr mutbkrat8 nnr/n *ntnnl tbn ml sujb aiinrnljn nrn altnlsaian al =11:$ =. Mdd#n(( tk L't,kl
%l M+rac =11:, Vran !alastnr "mm Zbmrai mrnssn lmtakl ml mccn/n tbmt skn +kcatajmc ncnnlts bm /mtbnrn ulnr u*rnccm ki Vrnsanlt Ebucm %sbm4 >bml ml nrn jkls+aral/ tk k6nrtbrk bas ncnjtn /k6nrlnlt$ 8. D,((k:ut,kl k L't,kl': M((ng4:> 'ld D,(g,((': k V9
Mitnr "mm Zbmrais mrnss tk lmtakl, Vrnsanlt Ebucm %sbm4 >bml stmtns tbmt /k6nrlnlt ki innrmtakl jkuc lkt *n jmrran kut al mjjkrmljn atb +rk6asakls ki jklstatutakl ki Vmastml$ 0bnrnikrn, bn asskc6n "mtaklmc Mssn*c8 ml asassn Vran !alastnr "mm Zbmrai atb bas jm*alnt$ . Al(t,tut,kl k $'(n
Mitnr asskcutakl ki "mtaklmc Mssn*c8 ml asassmc ki /k6nrlnlt, "mm Zbmrai iacn tbas jmsn al Zu+rnn Jkurt ki Vmastml$
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Jklstatutakl bastkry •
Dn,(,kl k Zu"#ngn $ku#t
kcckal/ +kalts mrn a+krtmlt tk asjuss njasakl ki Zu+rnn Jkurt 6. ^l:'*u: 't,kl k V#n(,dnlt
%l tbnsn jarjustmljns, tbn asassmc ki tbn Vran !alastnr mckl/ atb bas Jm*alnt ml tbn asskcutakl ki tbn "mtaklmc Mssn*c8 ulnr tbn +ur+krtn nnrjasn ki +knrs jklinrrn kl tbn Vrnsanlt ulnr Mrtajcn H2(;)(*) jkuc *n u+bnc$ 0bn mjtakl tmnl a lkt imcc atbal tbn m*at ki tbas +rk6asakl$ 0bas ulcmiuc mjtakl krnk6nr ms mcsk 6akcmtakl ki ulmnltmc ra/bt$ =. 9'2k#,t> 4'(,( dn,(,kl
8 m'krat8 (ki =< tk =) at ms bnc tbmt tbn krnr ki tbn M+rac =11:, +mssn *8 tbn Vrnsanlt ki Vmastml as lkt atbal tbn +knrs jklinrrn kl tbn Vrnsanlt ulnr Mrtajcn H2(;)(*) ki tbn jklstatutakl ml ktbnr nlm*cal/ +knrs m6macm*cn tk ba al tbmt *nbmci ml bms, tbnrnikrn, *nnl +mssn atbkut cmiuc cmiuc mutbkrat8 ml as as ki lk cn/mc niinjt$ 8. $kl(n1unln k $ku#t k#dn#
Ms jklsn jklsn4unl 4unljns jns ki kur krnr, tbn "mta "mtaklmc klmc Mssn*c8 Mssn*c8,, Vra Vrann !alst !alstnr nr ml !alastnr ml tbn Jm*alnt sbmcc stml rnstkrn ml nltatcn tk iuljtakl ms anamtnc8 *nikrn tbn a+u/ln krnr ms +mssn$ $kl:u(,kl
0k jkljcun, at jml *n stmtn tbmt skn +kcatajmc jratajs jklsanr 'u/nlt ki Zu+rnn Jkurt al tbas jmsn ms m acnstkln al bastkr8 ki 'uajamr8 ki Vmastml$ 0bn8 n+cmal tbas rnmskl al im6kr ki tbnar k+alakl tbmt at ms ikr iarst tan tbmt Vrnsanlts nnrjasn ki +knrs ulnr Mrtajcn H2(;)(*) ki jklstatutakl ms lkt mjjn+tn ml ms njcmrn uljklstatut uljklstatutaklmc aklmc ml accn/mc$
P''# ':, (!'! '(n% Nmjts dun tk 'mreac (mr tbn rncmtaklsbap hnt(nnl tbn tbnl 9ragn )alastnr lm(m3 sbmrai mld tbn tbnl jbani ki mrgy stm enlnrmc pmrva3 gusbmrrmi hnjmgn strmalnd& /l =" /jtkhnr =111 lm(m3 sbmrai dasgassnd gusbmrrmi mld mppkalts enlnrmc 3amuddal hbutt ms m ln( jbani ki mrgy stm& /l tbn smgn dmy gacatmry tm'nkvnr tbn jkultry mld dasgassnd lm(m3 sbmrai ekvnrlgnlt, lmtaklmc mld prkvaljamc mssnghcans (nrn suspnldnd mld jklstatutakl (ms bncd al mhnymljn mld enlnrmc )usbmrrmi tkk' jkltrkc ms jbani n8njutavn ki 9m'astml& 9ntatakl 9ntatakl m (rat ki gmldmgus (ms cnd hy ynd Omimr mca sbmb jbmccnleale tbn gacatmry tm'n kvnr kl =" kjt =111 al tbn suprngn jkurt $snn'ale rnstkrmtakl ki mssnghcy%
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9men !6
Jklstatutakl bastkry >reugnlts al suppkrt ki bas pntatakl O>N>D >#A sbmb suhgattnd tbn ikcck(ale mreugnlts =% >rgy tm'nk tm'nkvnr vnr (ms accnemc accnemc mld uljkls uljklstatut tatutaklm aklmcc "% nlnrmc )usbmrrmi )usbmrrmi mld mld bas iranlds bms bms jkggattnd ml mjt ki baeb trnmskl trnmskl mld vakcmtnd tbn kmtb tm'nl hy tbng !% ;n iurtbnr suhgattnd tbmt tbmt tbn prkjcmgmtakl prkjcmgmtakl ki ngnrenljy mld 9J/ as as vkad mhalatak mld uctrm varus ki tbn jklstatutakl 0% Nuldmgnltm uldmgnltmcc jmllkt jmllkt hn hn suspnld suspnldnd nd *% 9ragn galastnr galastnr bms dkln lktbale lktbale (rkle (rkle hy rngkvale rngkvale jbani ki mrgy stm ms ms bn as ngpk(nrnd hy mrtajcn "0! % ;n iurtbnr suhgattnd tbmt tbmt tbn jkurt jkurt gust rncy rncy kl >sgm ?acmla jmsn jmsn
nrdajt ki Zurngn Jkurt0 > hnljb ki =" :udens prnsadnd hy jbani :ustajn arsbmd ;mssml 'bml emvn bas :udegnlt al imvkr ki enlnrmc enlnrmc )usbmrrmi )usbmrrmi&&
9mal kalts0 =% Tbn :udegnlt :udegnlt (ms hmsnd kl tbn praljapcn praljapcn ki ki 7usrmt 7usrmt Hbuttk jmsn "% /l tbn hmsas hmsas ki dkjtraln dkjtraln ki stmtn lnjnssaty lnjnssaty tbn tm'nkvnr tm'nkvnr ki ki mrgy (ms (ms vmcadmtnd !% Tbn jkurt mcsk eavn pk(nr tk enlnrmc )usbmrrmi )usbmrrmi tk hrale mgnldgnlt s al tbn jklstatutakl n8jnpt al smcanlt inmturn, Ascmgaj prkvasakls ntj 0% Jkurt mcsk dnjcmrnd tbmt rngkvmc rngkvmc ki )usbmrrmi )usbmrrmi irkg pkst pkst (ms alvmcad alvmcad mld mld accnemc *% Tbn jkurt al bas :udegnlt :udegnlt dnjcmrnd tbmt jklstatutakl jklstatutakl as stacc suprngn cm( cm( ki tbn cmld hut skgn pmrt ki at (ms bncd al mhnymljn % Tbn suprngn suprngn jkurt bmd :urasdajtakl :urasdajtakl tk rnvan( prkjcmgmtakl prkjcmgmtakl ki ngnrenljy ngnrenljy mt mly stmen ai tbn jarjugstmljns sk n8ast
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