SPM Add Math - notes & exercises; Modul 6 Coordinate GeometryFull description
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The title basically stands on it's own, this is real Lycanthropy formulae for werewolf shape shifting. PLEASE, make sure to read all of the document, and to do so attentively. NOTE: There was a t...
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The Elements of COORDINATE GEOMETRY by S.L. LONEY কলকাতা বিশ্ববিদ্যালয় সিলেবাস নির্দেশিত পুস্তক Edition 1895 AD 452 pages 15.50 MB PDF in bitonal G4 compressionFull description
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Key Word Transformation ExercisesFull description
Foundations of Finite Element Methods WS 2014/15 Coordinate transformation transformation
y
F 2y F 2y F 2x
F 1y α
F 1y
F 1x
cos
cos
F 2x
sin sin
2
1
F 1y
α
x
F 1x
y
F 1y
F 1x
sin
F 1y
F 1y 1
x
α cos
F 1x
cos
1
sin
F 1x
F 1x α
Figure 1: Node forces in the local (element) and global coordinate system
Transformation of the nodal forces at node 1: F 1x = F 1x cos(α) − F 1y sin(α)
F 1x = F 1x cos(α) + F 1y sin(α)
F 1y = F 1x sin(α) + F 1y cos(α)
F 1y = − F 1x sin(α) + F 1y cos(α)
In the same way, way, the forces can be transformed at node 2. Thus, Thus, the transformation transformation of the forces from the global coordinate coordinate system to the local local coordinate coordinate system can be written in the matrix form F 1x F 1x cos(α) sin(α) 0 0 0 0 F 1y F 1y − sin(α) cos(α) = 0 0 cos(α) sin(α) F 2x F 2x F 2y 0 0 − sin(α) cos(α) F 2y
or using symbolic notation
� � = [ F
L] {F } .
We deriv derived ed this expressi expression on for one elemen element. t. In line with the lectur lecturee notes notes (cp. 1.1 1.13), 3), we can write for the vector of generalized forces r e
= Le r e .
Using the equation (1.16) from the lecture notes e
K
= Le T Ke Le ,
we can now transform the element stiffness matrix Ke w.r.t. the local system to the element stiffness matrix Ke w.r.t. the global coordinate system. This yields
K
e
= k
cos2 α cos α sin α − cos2 α − cos α sin α 2 cos α sin α sin α − cos α sin α − sin2 α cos2 α cos α sin α − cos2 α − cos α sin α 2 cos α sin α sin2 α − cos α sin α − sin α
,
where k denotes denotes the stiffne stiffness ss of the truss. truss. This This matrix matrix must be calcul calculate ated d for each truss truss in a truss-system. Afterwards, all element stiffness matrices can be assembled to the global stiffness matrix. 1