Cryogenic Machining and its Applications

Cryogenic Cryog enic Machining and its Applications By  Indranil Banerjee Roll-000711701021 B.Production.Engineering 4th Yr, 1st Sem Under the Guidance of: Prof. S. Chkrobarty 

What y

is Cryogenic Machining?

Using Liquid Nitrogen (ln 2) as a Coolant for Tools

Why y y y y y y y y

y

Cryogenic Machining?

Environmentally sound Chip Tool Interface Temperature greatly reduced Reduced Tool Wear Greater tool life Higher production rates Higher Cutting Force and Reduced Force Variance Greater Product Quality  No mist collection, filtration, wet chips, contaminated work pieces or disposal cost Power Saving

Liquid

Nitrogen

 Temperature -196C

-321F

 Colorless  Inert,

doesnt react with other materials  Non toxic  Readily vaporizes into gas.

A Machine Utilizing Cryogenic Machining and Schematic Diagram of the Machine Set-up

Nozzle Tool Assembly

Effect

Of Cryogenic Machining on Cutting Force

Effect

of Cryogenic Machining on Tool Wear

View of Worn out Tip of SNMG Inserts Under Dry and Cryogenic Cooling

Effect

Effect

of Cryogenic Machining on Friction Coefficient

of Cryogenic Machining on Surface Finish

Greater Tool Life

Application of Cryogenic Machining y

Material Properties: o o o o

o

o o o

Difficult to Machine Materials High Shear Strength High Work Hardening Capacity  Low Thermal Conductivity and Specific Heat and thus High Cutting Temperature Materials that Absorbs Oxygen in High Temperature and Become Brittle Wear Resistant Alloys High Abrasive Quality of the Material Super Alloys

Application of Cryogenic Machining Hardened Steel and Irons

Wrought Co-

Cr Alloy Machining of  Stellite Composites Ti-6Al4v Alloy Polymer: Polyurethane, Silicone etc. Machining Tantalum

Machining of Carbide Dies

Nickel alloys

Commercialization of Cryogenic Machining y

First Introduced in Industry by Project Team Icefly Collaboration with Hardinge Machine Tool Builder in 2003 y

y

y

Now-a-days it is Used for: y

y

y

Specially developed for turning Some application for milling. High Speed Machining for hard and super alloys Aerospace and Automobile Industries

Recent Breakthrough: y

MAG the global

tool manufacturers are bringing out new machine tools that utilizes cryogenic machining technology.

Advantages of Cryogenic Machining y

y y y

y

Tool life increases up to 40% in Titanium turning. Tool life increases up to 130% in Hard turning. Increase in MRR up to 290% in Hard turning. Increase in MRR up to 60% in Titanium milling. Tool life increases up to 260% in Titanium milling

Conclusion y

y

It is a very effective machining technique that utilizes liquid nitrogen as coolant to bring down the temperature at the chip tool interface, reducing the tool wear and improving the product quality. It has shown excellent results in machining difficult to machine materials, hard materials, super alloys etc. and found a place in the aerospace and automobile industries.

References y

y

y

y

y y

Cryogenic

Machining- Technology Innovation Forum, Project Icefly, B&E Tool,

11/18/09 Experimental Investigation of Cryogenic Cooling by Liquid Nitrogen in the Orthogonal Machining Process M.Dhananchezian, M. Pradeep kumar , A. Rajadurai Department of  Mechanical Engineering, Anna University Chennai, India. Cryogenic Machining of Tantalum Z.Y.Wang, Nevada Manufacturing Research Center, Dept. of  Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA  K.P. Rajurkar and J. Fan, Industrial and Management Systems Engineering Dept., University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA  G. Petrescu, Nevada Manufacturing Research Center, Dept. of  Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA  Friction and cutting forces in cryogenic machining of Ti6Al4V  Shane Y. Hong , Yucheng Ding, Woo-cheol Jeong CRYOGENIC TR EATMENT OF CUTTING TOOLS - ANDREW YONG Effects of cryogenic treatment and refrigerated air on tool wear when machining medium density fiberboard- Judith Gisipa, Rado Gazob, , Harold A. Stewart c 

Thank You