UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA GABRIEL GABRIEL RENE MORENO
FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EXACTAS Y TECNOLOGIA CARRERA: ING. PETROLERA
PRACTICO # 2 PROCESO DE DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL ESTUDIANTE:
COLQUE SAUCANI ARELY
MATERIA:
PROCESOS DEL GAS NATURAL II
DOCENTE:
ING. SANCHEZ HERBAS ROMULO
GRUPO:
P Santa Cruz-B!"#"a
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
PROCESO DE DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL 1. I N TRODU C CI ON E! $a% natura! &% un '()u%t")!& *+%"! ,u& %& &n'u&ntra &n &! %u)%u&! ,u& a! "$ua! ,u& &! 'ru/ 0r'&& & !a &%'(0%"'"+n & !a (at&r"a r$1n"'a. E! $a% natura! &% una (&z'!a & 2"r'ar)ur% !"$&r% &ntr& !% ,u& %& &%ta'a &! (&tan/ L% tr% 2"r'ar)ur%/ un% &n *r(a & $a% tr% '( !3,u"%/ %n 0art& &! $a% &n (&nr&% 0r'&nta4&%. Ta! '( %& &5tra& &! a'"("&nt &! $a% natura! &% un 0ru't "n'!r & "nr/ n t5"' (1% !"$&r ,u& &! a"r&. E% nr(a! ,u&/ &n &! $a% natura! &5"%ta a$ua &n &%ta & #a0r. T $a% natura! & 0ru''"+n &%t1 tta!(&nt& %atura 'n a$ua &n %u *a%& & #a0r/ 0r,u& 0r#"&n& & un a'"("&nt %atura 6&n &,u"!")r"7 'n a$ua. A&(1% $&n&ra!(&nt& &! $a% 'nt"&n& CO8 H8S ,u& %& r&(u&n 'n %!u'"n&% a'u%a% ta!&% '( a("na%/ 'ar)nat & 0ta%"/ &t'./ ,u& %aturan &! $a% 'n a$ua. A *"n & r&(#&r !a (ar 'ant"a & a$ua/ &% n&'&%ar" &%2"ratar &! $a% 0r !a% %"$u"&nt&% razn&%: 9. E#"tar *r(a'"+n & 2"rat%. 8. Cu(0!"r 'n &%0&'"*"'a'"n&% '( $a% & #&nta. . M"n"("zar 'rr%"+n. Para "%&;ar un %"%t&(a & &%2"rata'"+n %& r&,u"&r& "n*r(a'"+n 0r&!"("nar ta! '( 0r&%"+n/ t&(0&ratura/ '(0%"'"+n rata & *!u4 & $a%. Nr(a!(&nt& &! $a% &%t1 %atura 'uan !!&$a a !a 0!anta 'uan %a!& & una un"a & &nu!za("&nt. A&(1%/ 'n )a%& &n !a '(0%"'"+n 2<(&a/ &)& &t&r("nar%& !a t&(0&ratura & 2"rat a una 0r&%"+n aa/ a *"n & ,u& &! $a% 0u&a %&r &%2"rata ! %u*"'"&nt& 0ara "tar !a *r(a'"+n & 2"rat% 'u(0!"r 'n !a &%0&'"*"'a'"+n & 'nt&n" & a$ua.
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
2
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
2. ¿QU ¿QUE E ES ES LA DE DESHI SHIDRA DRAT TACI ACION ON DEL GAS? La &%2"rata'"+n & $a% &% &! 0r'&% & ,u"tar &! #a0r & a$ua 'nt&n" &n !a 'rr"&nt& & $a% 0ara )a4ar !a t&(0&ratura a !a 'ua! &! a$ua 'n&n%a. E%ta t&(0&ratura &% &! 0unt 0unt & r'3 r'3/ / 0r 0r &!! &!! &! 0r' 0r'&% &% & &%2 &%2" "ra rata ta'" '"+n +n %& !!a( !!a(aa ta() ta()"= "=n n a'n" a'n"'" '"na( na("&n "&nt t &! 0unt 0unt & r'3. r'3. E%t& E%t& 0r'&% 0r'&% &)& &)& r&a!" r&a!"zar zar%& %& &)" &)" a !a% %"$u"&nt&% razn&% 0r"n'"0a!&%: a7 E! $a% natura! %& '()"na 'n a$ua !")r&/ !3,u"a 0ara *r(ar 2"rat% %+!"%/ ,u& 0u&&n ta0nar !a% #1!#u!a%/ 'n&5"n&% tu)&r3a%. )7 E! a$ua 0u&& 'n&n%ar%& &n !a% tu)&r3a% 'a%"nan )!%n&% & !3,u"/ 'au%an &r%"+n 'rr%"+n. '7 E! a$ua 0r&%&nt& &n &! $a% natura! 0u&& '()"nar%& 'n &! CO8 &! H8S ,u& 0u"&ran &%tar 0r&%&nt&%/ trnan 'rr%"# a! $a%. 7 E! #a0r & a$ua au(&nta &! #!u(&n & $a% a %&r tran%0rta. &7 E! #a0r & a$ua "%("nu& &! 0&r 'a!r3*"' &! $a% *7 La% 0&ra'"n&% & !a% 0!anta% & 'r"$&n"a a)%r'"+n r&*r"$&raa 0u&&n #&r%& &ntr0&'"a% 0r !% 'n$&!a("&nt% $7 L% 'ntrat% 'ntrat% & #&nta &! $a% !a% &%0&'"*"'a'" &%0&'"*"'a'"n&% n&% & tran%0rt& tran%0rt& 0r !% $a%u't% *"4an un 'nt&n" & a$ua (15"(/ $&n&ra!(&nt& > !")ra% & a$ua 0r ("!!+n & 0"&% '<)"'% & $a%/ )"&n un &t&r("na 0unt & r'3. Una #&z #&z &t& &t&r( r("n "na a &! 'nt 'nt&n" &n" & a$ua a$ua// &! %"$u" %"$u"&n &nt& t& 0a% 0a% &% %&!& %&!&''" ''"n nar ar &! 0r'&"("&nt 0r &! 'ua! %& r&a!"zar1 !a &%2"rata'"+n.
3. CO CONT NTEN ENID IDO O DE AG AGU UA E! $a% natura! &%t1 a%'"a nr(a!(&nt& 'n a$ua/ tant &n *r(a !3,u"a '( & #a0r/ a !a t&(0&ratura 0r&%"+n a !a 'ua! &% tran%0rta 0r !a tu)&r3a 0ara %u &ntraa a !a 0!anta. E! a$ua ,u& %& &n'u&ntra &n *r(a !3,u"a n r&0r&%&nta un 0r)!&(a 'n%"&ra)!&/ a ,u&/ &%ta 0u&& %&r r&(#"a 0a%an !a 'rr"&nt& & $a% 0r un% %&0arar&% &0urar&% & &ntraa. S"n &()ar$/ a
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
3
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
•
Reducción de la capacidad de transmisión de gas en las tuberías: E! a$ua
•
!3,u"a 0u&& &0%"tar%& &n !a% 0art&% )a4a% & !a tu)&r3a & "n'r&(&ntar !a 'a3a & 0r&%"+n ? 0ru'"r ta0n&% & !3,u". Corrosión en tuberías: E% 'au%aa 0r H8S ? CO8/ !% 'ua!&% %& "%u&!#&n &n
•
&! a$ua *r(an 1'"% ,u& %n a!ta(&nt& 'rr%"#%. Una 0'"+n 0ara "tar !a 'rr%"+n &% ut"!"zar tu)&r3a% & a'&r "n5"a)!&@ n )%tant&/ 0ara !a 'ant"a & tu)&r3a% 0r&%&nt&% &n una 0!anta & &%t& t"0/ &% (1% &'n+("' ut"!"zar tu)&r3a% & a'&r a! 'ar)n &%2"ratar &! $a% natura!. Formación de hidratos: &%t& &% &! 0r"n'"0a! 0r)!&(a ,u& 4u%t"*"'a !a n&'&%"a & t&n&r un SDTEG &n una 0!anta & &5tra''"+n & LGN@ &)" a ,u& &n &! 0r'&% & r&'u0&ra'"+n & !% !3,u"% &! $a% natura! %& a!'anzan t&(0&ratura% 'r"$=n"'a% &n &! r&n & 98/ ! 'ua! 0r0"'"a !a 'n&n%a'"+n &! a$ua ,u& 0u&a &%tar 'nt&n"a &n !a 'rr"&nt& &! $a%. L% 2"rat% %n 'r"%ta!&% *r(a% 0r !a '()"na'"+n & a$ua & 2"r'ar)ur% !"#"an% 6Butan/ 0r0an/ &tan (&tan7 ? $a%&% 1'"% 6CO8 H8S7/ &n una 0r0r'"+n a0r5"(aa & 9F a$ua F 2"r'ar)ur%. E%t% 'r"%ta!&% 0u&&n ta0nar #1!#u!a%/ 'n&5"n&%/ &r%"nar !a% tu)&r3a%/ ta0nar !% tu)% & !% "nt&r'a()"ar&% & 'a!r/ &t'.
4. HIDRATOS E! 2"rat &% un %+!" '(0!&4 'r"%ta!"n &%ta)!&/ 'n a0ar"&n'"a & 2"&! 0&r 0%&& una &%tru'tura "*&r&nt&. S& *r(a &n %"%t&(a% & $a% & !3,u"% r&'u0&ra% &! $a% natura! 6NGL7/ 'uan &! $a% &! !3,u" &%t1 &n 0r &)a4 &! 0unt & r'3 &! a$ua/ nr(a!(&nt& 'uan 2a 0r&%&n'"a & a$ua !3,u"a %"n &()ar$@ n n&'&%ar"a(&nt& t"&n& ,u& ar%& &%ta 'n"'"+n/ 0u&% una #&z ,u& &! $a% &%t& %atura/ &! a$ua !")r& 0u&& 0a%ar "r&'ta(&nt& & #a0r a %+!" %"n *r(ar !3,u". La t&(0&ratura & *r(a'"+n & 2"rat a una 0r&%"+n aa &0&n& & !a '(0%"'"+n &! $a%. Tra"'"na!(&nt& %& 2an r&'n'" % &%tru'tura% 'r"%ta!"na% 0ara !% 2"rat% ,u& %& *r(an 'n &! $a% natura! !!a(aa% %"(0!&(&nt& E%tru'tura I II@ &n !a% 'ua!&% !a% (!='u!a% & a$ua *r(an &! &nr&4a/ !% 2"r'ar)ur%/ &! N8/ CO8/ H8S 'u0an !a% 'a#"a&%. La% (!='u!a% (1% 0&,u&;a% 6CH/ C8H/ CO8 H8S7 &%ta)"!"zan *r(an un 'u&r0 '<)"' '&ntra !!a(a E%tru'tura I/ !a% (!='u!a% (1% $ran&% 6CHJ/ "-CH9/ n-CH97 *r(an un &nr&4a t"0 "a(ant& !!a(a E%tru'tura II.
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
4
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
La% (!='u!a% (1% $ran&% ,u& &! n-CH9 n *r(an 2"rat% & E%tru'tura% I II@ %"n &()ar$/ &%tu"% r&'"&nt&% "n"'an ,u& a!$una% "%0ara*"na% '"'! a!'an% (1% $ran&% ,u& &! 0&ntan *r(an 2"rat% & E%tru'tura H. Cuan %& *r(an 2"rat% =%t% t"&n&n a )!,u&ar tu)&r3a%/ &,u"0% & "n%tru(&nt%/ r&%tr"n$"&n "nt&rru(0"&n &! *!u4. En t(a% & 0r&%"+n & (&"r&% & "n"'ar&%/ 0ru'&n *a!%a% !&'tura% & 0r&%"+n &rrr&% & (&"'"+n. Una #&z ,u& %& *r(an !% 2"rat% %u r&('"+n &% )a%tant& "*3'"!.
FIG. Formació !" i!ra$o% !" m"$ao.
Pr"!icció D" Co!icio"% Para La Formació D" Hi!ra$o% La% 'n"'"n&% 0ara *r(a'"+n & 2"rat 0u&&n ta()"=n %&r 'a!'u!aa% &n *r(a (anua! u%an un 0r$ra(a & '(0utar 0ara %"(u!a'"+n & 0r'&%%. L% '1!'u!% (anua!&% 0u&&n 2a'&r%& 'n )a%& &n !% (=t% &! GPSA (&"ant& &! u% & 'arta% %"$u"&n un 0r'&"("&nt & '1!'u! & &,u"!")r" #a0r?%+!".
Ii&ició !" Hi!ra$o% La *r(a'"+n & 2"rat% 0u&& 0r&n"r%& &%2"ratan tant &! $a% '( &! !3,u"/ 0ara &!"("nar !a *r(a'"+n & a$ua 'n&n%aa &n *a%& !3,u"a %+!"a. S"n &()ar$/ &n a!$un% 'a%% &%t& 0r'&% 0u&& n %&r 0r1't"' &'n+("'. En &%t% 'a%%/ !a "n2")"'"+n 0u&& %&r un (=t &*&'t"# 0ara 0r&n"r !a *r(a'"+n & 2"rat%. En !a "n2")"'"+n %& "n&'ta un $!"'! (&tan! a una 'rr"&nt& & 0r'&%/ n& %& '()"na 'n !a *a%& 'n&n%aa a'u%a 0ara )a4ar !a t&(0&ratura & *r(a'"+n & 2"rat a una 0r&%"+n aa. Tant &! $!"'! '( &! (&tan! 0u&&n %&r r&'u0&ra% &n !a *a%& a'u%a 0ara %&r r&$&n&ra% r&"n&'ta%.
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
5
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
5. METODOS DE DESHIDRATACION Para r&(#&r &! a$ua 0r&%&nt& &n &! $a% natura!/ &5"%t&n "#&r%% (=t% & &%2"rata'"+n ,u&/ & a'u&r a %u 0r"n'"0" & 0&ra'"+n/ 0u&&n %&r '!a%"*"'a% & !a %"$u"&nt& (an&ra: •
Adsorción en lecho sólido: Cn%"%t& &n !a ut"!"za'"+n & un a%r)&nt& %+!" ,u&
r&t"&n& &! #a0r & a$ua. E%t& 0r'&% &%t1 )a%a &n !a "*&r&n'"a &! 0t&n'"a! & a%r'"+n &ntr& &! #a0r & a$ua &! $a%. L% a%r)&nt&% %n "#""% &n a,u&!!% ,u& 0%&&n %u a't"#"a &n !a %u0&r*"'"&/ (&"ant& 'n&n%a'"+n 'a0"!ar/ !% ,u& r&a''"nan ,u3("'a(&nt&. S"&n !% 0r"(&r% !% (1% u%a% &n !a "nu%tr"a &! $a% natura!. En !a 0!anta & &5tra''"+n San Ka,u3n %& &n'u&ntra "n%ta!aa &%ta t='n"'a & a%r'"+n/ '( un 0r'&% 0%t&r"r a !a &%2"rata'"+n 'n tr"&t"!&n$!"'!/ 'n !a *"na!"a & &!"("nar (ar 'ant"a & a$ua 62a%ta .9 00(7. • Absorción con solventes físicos: S& )a%a *una(&nta!(&nt& &n &! 'nta't & un !3,u" 'n &! $a% ,u& %& #a a tratar. En &%t& 0r'&% &! !3,u" t"&n& !a 'a0a'"a & r&t&n&r &! #a0r & a$ua 'nt&n" &n "'2 $a%. A &%t& $ru0 0&rt&n&'& &! %"%t&(a & &%2"rata'"+n &! 'ua! u%a tr"&t"!&n$!"'! &n %u 0r'&%/ &% &%'r"t (1% a&!ant&. A!$una% 0!anta% u%an '( a)%r)&nt& &! (&tan!/ &! 'ua! %& "n&'ta "r&'ta(&nt& &n !a 'rr"&nt& & $a%/ 0&r %u u% &%t1 "n"'a 'uan !a *r(a'"+n & 2"rat% %& &)& a 'a()"% '3'!"'% & !a t&(0&ratura a()"&nt&/ 0r ! 'ua! n &% n&'&%ar" &%2"ratar urant& t &! a;. • Deshidratación por enfriamiento: A0!"'a 'uan &! 'nt&n" & a$ua %aturaa &n &! $a% &'r&'& 'n &! au(&nt & !a 0r&%"+n & 0&ra'"+n 'n !a "%("nu'"+n & !a t&(0&ratura. En 'n%&'u&n'"a/ un $a% %atura 'n #a0r & a$ua a a!ta t&(0&ratura 0u&& &%2"ratar%& &n *r(a 0ar'"a! (&"ant& &n*r"a("&nt. E% 0r &%ta raz+n ,u& !% $a%&% %u4&t% a '(0r&%"+n %n &n*r"a% ant&% & "r a !a !3n&a & tran%("%"+n/ ! ,u& 0&r("t& r&(#&r '"&rta 'ant"a & a$ua & !% ("%(%. • Deshidratación mediante reacciones químicas : S& )a%a &n 2a'&r r&a''"nar '(0u&%t% '( &! '!rur & 'a!'" 6CaC!87 &! '!rur & !"t" 6L"C!87 'n a$ua 'nt&n"a &n &! $a% natura!/ ! ,u& a '( r&%u!ta !a &%2"rata'"+n &! ("%(/ %"n &()ar$/ &! 0r'&% & r&$&n&ra'"+n & &%ta% %u%tan'"a% &% (u '(0!&4 0r ! ,u& %u u% a n"#&! "nu%tr"a! &% !"("ta.
5.1.
ABSORCION
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
6
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
D&%2"rata'"+n & a)%r'"+n "(0!"'a &! u% & un &%&'ant& !3,u" 0ara !a &!"("na'"+n & #a0r & a$ua &! $a%. La &!"("na'"+n & a$ua 'n $!"'! ,u3("' !3,u" &% a tra#=% & !a a)%r'"+n. E! !3,u" %&!&''"na '( &! (1% &%&a)!& 0ara !a a)%r'"+n & a$ua &)& 0%&&r !a% %"$u"&nt&% 0r0"&a&%: o o o
A!ta &*"'"&n'"a & a)%r'"+n. D&)& %&r n 'rr%"#% a !% tu)% #1!#u!a% %&r n t+5"'%. N &)& 2a)&r "nt&ra''"+n 'n !a 0art& & 2"r'ar)ur% & !% $a%&% n"n$una
L% $!"'!&%/ &%0&'"a!(&nt& &t"!&n$!"'!/ " &t"!&n$!"'!/ tr"&t"!&n$!"'!/ %& a'&r'an (1% a !a %at"%*a''"+n & !% 'r"t&r"% ant&% (&n'"na%. A$ua $!"'!&% (u&%tran %!u)"!"a (utua &n !a *a%& !3,u"a. Cnta("na'"+n 0r $a%&% 1'"%. E% un 0r'&% & a)%r'"+n n& &! #a0r & a$ua %& "%u&!#& &n una 'rr"&nt& & $!"'! !3,u". S&$u"a(&nt& &%t& #a0r & a$ua &% &5tra3 &! $!"'! (&"ant& a0!"'a'"+n & 'a!r: a! 2&r#"r &! a$ua %& &%0r&n& &! $!"'!/ &! 'ua! %& r&$&n&ra r&'n'&ntra/ trn1n%& a0t 0ara #!#&r a "n$r&%ar a !a trr& & 0r'&%.
'ENTA(AS: T"&n& !a% %"$u"&nt&% #&nta4a% 'n r&%0&'t a !% &%&'ant&% %+!"%: 9-C%t% & "n%ta!a'"+n (&nr&%: una 0!anta & $!"'! 0ara 0r'&%ar 9 MM%'* 'u&%ta F (&n% ,u& una & &%&'ant&% %+!"%@ una 0!anta 0ara 0r'&%ar MM%'* 'u&%ta F (&n% %" tra)a4a 'n $!"'!. 8- M&nr&% 'a3a% & 0r&%"+n 6 a 9 0%"/ &n #&z & 9- 0%" 0ara &%&'ant&% %+!"%7 - E% un 0r'&% 'nt"nu. -La 0r&0ara'"+n &! $!"'! 6 %u r&$&n&ra'"+n7 %& 'n%"$u& r10"a(&nt&. E! r&'ar$a & !a% trr&% & &%&'ant&% %+!"% &% una 0&ra'"+n &(raa ,u& a #&'&% r&,u"&r& !a "nt&rru0'"+n & !a% 0&ra'"n&%. -La% un"a&% & $!"'! r&,u"&r&n (&n% 'a!r & r&$&n&ra'"+n 0r !")ra & a$ua r&(#"a/ )a4an & &%& ( !% '%t% 0&rat"#%. -L% %"%t&(a% & $!"'! 0&ran &n 0r&%&n'"a & (at&r"a!&% ,u& 0r3an &n%u'"ar !% &%&'ant&% %+!"%.
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
7
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
>-La% un"a&% & $!"'! 0u&&n &%2"ratar &! $a% natura! 2a%ta . !) & a$ua? MM%'*. J-La% un"a&% & TEG %n (1% %"(0!&% 0ara 0&rar (ant&n&r. Pu&&n %&r *1'"!(&nt& aut(at"zaa% 0ara 0&ra'"n&% n at&n"a% &n !u$ar&% r&(t%.
D"%)"$a*a% Natura!(&nt& ta()"=n t"&n& a!$una% &%#&nta4a%: 9. L% 0unt% & r'"+ a! a$ua 0r &)a4 & -8 + r&,u"&r&n $a% & &%04a("&nt una '!u(na Sta2!6&% &'"r/ una '!u(na & 0!at%7. 8. E! $!"'! &% %u%'&0t")!& a !a 'nta("na'"+n. . E! $!"'! &% 'rr%"# 'uan &%t1 'nta("na &%'(0u&%t.
No$a: & &ntr& !% $!"'!&%/ &! TEG &% !a &!&''"+n (1% 00u!ar $&n&ra!(&nt& &% !a (&4r/ a (&n% ,u& 2aa tra% '"r'un%tan'"a% ,u& r&'("&n&n tra &!&''"+n.
E,"cció !", -,ico,: E! $!"'! &% un a!'2! "23r"' 6% $ru0% 2"r5"!%7 1#" & a$ua. Ha 'uatr t"0% & $!"'!&% ,u& 0u&&n u%ar%& 'n =5"t &n "%t"nta% 0&ra'"n&%:
E$i, -,ico, /EG01 ,u& %& u%a '( "n2")"r & 2"rat% "n&'ta &n !a% !3n&a%/ 0u&& %&r r&'u0&ra &! $a% 0r (&" & %&0ara'"+n a t&(0&ratura% 0r &)a4 & . N &% a0r0"a 0ara trr&% a 'au%a & %u &,u"!")r" & #a0r (u a!t/ ,u& t"&n& a 0&r&r !a *a%& & $a% &n !a trr& & 'nta't.
Di"$i, -,ico, /DEG01 Su 0r&%"+n & #a0r a!ta !!a a 0=r"a% $ran&% &n &! 'nta'tr. Su t&(0&ratura & &%'(0%"'"+n &% )a4a 68J 7 ! 'ua! r&,u"&r& )a4a% t&(0&ratura% &n &! r&'n'&ntrar 69 a 7/ 0r ! 'ua! n %& ! 0u&& 0ur"*"'ar ! %u*"'"&nt& 0ara !a (ar3a & !a% a0!"'a'"n&%. S& ! u%a 0ara %&r "n&'ta &n !a% !3n&a% a'tuar '( "n2")"r & *r(a'"+n & 2"rat%. E%t& &% un 0r'&% & 'rr"&nt& 0ara!&!a/ n tan &*"'"&nt& '( !% 0r'&%% a 'ntra'rr"&nt& r&a!"za% &n !a% trr&% & a)%r'"+n.
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
8
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
Tri"$i, -,ico, /TEG01 E% &! (1% '(
T"$ra"$i," -,ico, /TREG01 E% (1% 'ar ,u& &! TEG 0&r t"&n& (&n% 0=r"a% a a!ta% t&(0&ratura% & 'nta't. R&'n'&ntra &ntr& a .
Tri"$i, -,ico, /TEG01 E! TEG &% &! (1% u%a &n !a% 0!anta% & trata("&nt/ &)" a #ar"a% razn&%/ &ntr& &!!a%: -
P&r("t& %u r&$&n&ra'"+n a 0r&%"+n at(%*=r"'a/ 2a%ta 'n'&ntra'"n&% & J a . F & 0ur&za/ &)" a %u a!t 0unt & &)u!!"'"+n & t&(0&ratura & &%'(0%"'"+n 6t&+r"'a "n"'"a! & 7 E%t 0&r("t& &0r&%"n&% (ar&% &! 0unt & r'3 &! $a% natura! &n &! ran$ & J a 9
-
La% 0=r"a% 0r #a0r"za'"+n %n (&nr&% ,u& &! EG &! DEG
-
E! TEG n &% &(a%"a #"%'% 0r &n'"(a & >
-
E! 'a0"ta! "n#&rt" !% '%t% & 0&ra'"+n %n (&nr&%
-
La% 0r&%"n&% &! 0r'&% 0u&&n #ar"ar &%& > a 8 0%"$
-
La% t&(0&ratura% &! 0r'&% 0u&&n "r &%& a 9 .
En ! ,u& %"$u&/ 'uan "$a(% $!"'! n% &%tar&(% r&*"r"&n a &%t& t"0 & $!"'!&%. Figura 1: Esquema simplificado de una planta de glicol
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
9
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
D"%crició !", roc"%o: C( %& #& &n !a "$ura 9/ &! *un'"na("&nt %"(0!"*"'a & una 0!anta & $!"'! &% &! %"$u"&nt&: &! $a% & &ntraa !!&$a a un %&0arar & &ntraa/ n& %& ,u"ta !a% "(0ur&za% %+!"a% !3,u"a%. Lu&$ &! $a% &ntra &n &! *n &! a)%r)&r/ 'nta'tr/ &n n& 'nta'ta &! $!"'! (1% r"' 4u%t ant&% & ,u& =%t& a)ann& !a '!u(na. E! $a% *!u& 2a'"a arr")a/ &n 'ntra'rr"&nt& 'n &! $!"'! ,u& &%'"&n&. E! $!"'! 0)r& 6 r&'n'&ntra7 &ntra 0r &! t0& &! 'nta'tr n& *!u& 2a'"a a)a4 & 0!at &n 0!at a)%r)& &! a$ua &! $a% natura! ,u& #a a%'&n"&n. En 'aa 0!at a%'&n&nt& &! $!"'! (1% 0)r& &% 'a0az & &5tra&r 'ant"a&% a"'"na!&% & #a0r & a$ua/ &% &'"r/ #a %&'an a! $a% a! &5tra&r !a 2u(&a. E! $a% %&' 0a%a a tra#=% & un "nt&r'a()"ar & 'a!r $a%? $!"'!/ !u&$ #a a !a !3n&a & %a!"a 6#&nta% &%0a'27. E! $!"'! 2<(& r"'/ &4a &! a)%r)&r *!u& a tra#=% & un %&r0&nt3n 2a'"a un a'u(u!ar n& &% 0r&'a!&nta 0r $!"'! 0)r&/ 'a!"&nt&/ a un% 9> a 8 . D&%0u=% &! "nt&r'a()"ar & 'a!r $!"'!?$!"'!/ &! $!"'! r"' &ntra a !a '!u(na & &%04a("&nt *!u& 2a'"a a)a4 0r !a %&''"+n & !&'2 &(0a'a 2a'"a &! r&2&r#"r. E! #a0r $&n&ra &n &! r&2&r#"r &%04a &! a$ua &! $!"'! !3,u" a (&"a ,u& a%'"&n& 0r &! !&'2 &(0a'a. E! #a0r & a$ua $a% natura! &%r)" %n #&nt&a% 0r &! t0& &! &%04ar. E! $!"'! 'a!"&nt& r&'n'&ntra *!u& *u&ra &! r&2&r#"r 2a'"a &! a'u(u!ar/ n& %& ! &n*r3a 0r "nt&r'a()" & 'a!r 'n &! $!"'! r"'. D& a23/ &! $!"'! 0)r& *!u& a tra#=% &! "nt&r'a()"ar $a%?$!"'!/ &% )()&a 2a' "a &! t0& &! a)%r)&r. -E! $!"'! r"' &4a &! a)%r)&r &ntra a un %&r0&nt3n &n*r"ar ,u& 'ntr!a !a ta%a & r&*!u4 & a$ua &n &! t0& &! &%04ar. E%t& 'ntr! & t&(0&ratura a%&$ura ,u& &! #a0r & a$ua ,u& &4a !a '!u(na &%t"!ara n a'arr&& &5'&% & $!"'!.
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
10
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
Figura 2: Esquema detallado de una planta de glicol
-S& (&4ra &! "nt&r'a()" & 'a!r &ntr& &! $!"'! r"'/ *r3/ &! $!"'! 0)r&/ 'a!"&nt&/ u%an % (1% "nt&r'a()"ar&% & 'a!r & 'raza-tu)/ &n %&r"&. E! au(&nt & 'a!r r&'u0&ra "%("nu& &! 'n%u( & '()u%t")!& &n &! r&2&r#"r 0rt&$& & %)r&'a!&nta("&nt a !a% )()a% & '"r'u!a'"+n &! $!"'!. D& &%& ( &! tan,u& & *!a%2& 6#a0r"za'"+n %<)"ta7 !% *"!tr% 0u&&n 0&rar a0r5"(aa(&nt& a 9 -E! $!"'! r"' %& #a0r"za &n un %&0arar & )a4a 0r&%"+n 6 a 0%"$7/ &n n& %& !& ,u"ta &! $a% 'ua!,u"&r 2"r'ar)ur !3,u" ,u& &%tu#"&ra 0r&%&nt&/ ,u& 0u&& u%ar%& '( '()u%t")!&/ '( $a% & &%04a("&nt. E%t& %&0arar &% un r&'"0"&nt& nr(a!"za/ tr"*1%"' "%&;a 0ara un t"&(0 & r&t&n'"+n & 9 a ("nut%/ 0u&& %&r #&rt"'a! u 2r"znta!. D&)& &%tar '!'a &%0u=% &! "nt&r'a()"ar $!"'! 0)r&? $!"'! r"'/ a ,u& &% n&'&%ar" 'a!&ntar &! $!"'! ant&% & &ntrar a! %&0arar 0ara r&u'"r %u #"%'%"a (&4rar !a %&0ara'"+n &! 'n&n%a &! $a%. -S& *"!tra &! $!"'! r"' ant&% & %&r 'a!&nta &n &! r&'n'&ntrar. E%t 0r"&n& ,u& "(0ur&za% '( %+!"% 2"r'ar)ur% 0&%a% ta0n&n !a% '!u(na% &(0a'aa% &n%u'"&n !% tu)% & *u&$ &! r&2&r#"r. -Ta()"=n %& 0rt&$& a !a% )()a%/ *"!tran &! $!"'! 0)r& 'uan &4a &! a'u(u!ar.
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
11
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
EQUIPOS Ui!a! !" !"%i!ra$ació co -,ico,
S"ara!or D" E$ra!a Una )u&na 0r1't"'a &% "n%ta!ar un %&0arar 0ara &! $a% & &ntraa/ aun %" !a un"a & &%2"rata'"+n &%t1 '&r'a a! %&0arar & 0ru''"+n. S& )u%'a 0&r %&0arar 'ant"a&% $ran&% & a$ua *r&%'a %a!aa/ 2"r'ar)ur%/ ,u3("'% & trata("&nt% "n2")"r&% & 'rr%"+n/ a *"n & "tar %u 0a% a !a a)%r)&ra 'nta'tra/ 0u&% aun 0&,u&;a% 'ant"a&% & &%t% (at&r"a!&%/ 'au%an 0=r"a% &5'&%"#a% & $!"'! &)" a !a *r(a'"+n & &%0u(a/ r&u'&n !a &*"'"&n'"a & "n'r&(&ntan &! (ant&n"("&nt.
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
12
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
A&%or&"!ora E% una #a%"4a ,u& 0u&& %&r & 0!at% & )ur)u4&/ & #1!#u!a% 'n &(0a,u& ,u& 0r(u& &! 0r'&% & a)%r'"+n & a$ua &! $a% natura! &n una %!u'"+n & $!"'!.
Tam&or F,a% En &%t& ta()r !a (ar 0art& &! $a% natura! "%u&!t %& %&0ara & !a %!u'"+n & $!"'! r"' %& &n#3a a $a% '()u%t")!&. La 0r&%"+n & 0&ra'"+n &)& %&r ! %u*"'"&nt&(&nt& )a4a 0ara 0r(#&r !a %&0ara'"+n &! $a%/ 0&r a !a #&z ! %u*"'"&nt&(&nt& a!ta 0ara ,u& 0u&a &ntrar a! %"%t&(a & $a% '()u%t")!&.
R"-""ra!ora O D"%o*a!ora D" A-3a La &%04ara 'nt"&n& una %&''"+n & %&r0&nt3n &n !a '"(a & !a '!u(na/ a tra#=% & !a 'ua! *!u& $!"'! r"' 0ara &n*r"ar !% #a0r&% ,u& %u)&n & !a 0art& "n*&r"r. E%t $&n&ra un r&*!u4 ,u& ("n"("za !a% 0=r"a% & $!"'! &n &! #a0r & a$ua &%04aa. Pr &)a4 & !a ),u"!!a "%tr")u"r & &ntraa &! $!"'! r"'/ %& &n'u&ntra una %&''"+n &(0a'aa u%ua!(&nt& 'n %"!!a% & '&r1("'a.
R""r)i!or E! R&2&r#"r t"&n& ,u& %&r "%&;a 0ara %u("n"%trar &! 'a!r a&'ua 0ara &!ar !a t&(0&ratura &! $!"'! r"' a! n"#&! r&,u&r" 0ara %u r&$&n&ra'"+n. La t&(0&ratura &! TEG n &)& %&r %u0&r"r a 0ara "tar %u &%'(0%"'"+n.
4om&a D" G,ico, E%ta )()a '"r'u!a &! $!"'! a tra#=% & !% &,u"0%. Pu&& %&r (an&4aa 0r (tr &!='tr"' 'n $a% a a!ta 0r&%"+n. S" %& )()&a $!"'! &n &5'&%/ n %& a!'anza !a t&(0&ratura r&,u&r"a & r&$&n&ra'"+n &n &! r&2&r#"r.
Torr" Co$ac$ora E%t& r&'"0"&nt& 'nt"&n& )an&4a% & #1!#u!a% 'a%,u&t&% & )ur)u4& 0ara 0r#&&r )u&n 'nta't $a% -!3,u". La !"(0"&za &% (u "(0rtant& 0ara 0r&n"r !% 0unt% & r'3 a!t% &! $a% & #&nta 'au%a 0r !a *r(a'"+n & &%0u(a% ? &! 'nta't ta()"=n !a% ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
13
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
0=r"a% & $!"'! 0)r& $a%- L3,u". E! ta0na("&nt &(0a,u& & !a% )an&4a% 0u&&n au(&ntar ta()"=n !a% 0=r"a% & $!"'! Durant& un arran,u& & !a 0!anta. La 0r&%"+n &n !a trr& & a)%r'"+n %& &)& tra&r !&nta(&nt& 2a%ta &! ran$ & 0&ra'"+n &ntn'&% %& &)& '"r'u!ar &! $!"'! 0ara )t&n&r un n"#&! & !3,u" &n ta% !a% )an&4a%. A 'nt"nua'"+n/ %& &)& au(&ntar !&nta(&nt& !a ta%a & $a% a %&r a)%r)"/ 2a%ta ,u& %& a!'an'& &! n"#&! & 0&ra'"+n. S" &! $a% &ntra &n !a trr& & a)%r'"+n ant&% & ,u& !a% )an&4a% &%t=n %&!!aa% 'n !3,u"%/ 0u&& 0a%ar atr&% & !% tu)% & &%'an% !a% 'a0a% & )ur)u4a. Cuan &5"%t& &%ta 'n"'"+n %& )()&a &! $!"'! 2a'"a !a trr& & a)%r'"+n/ !% !3,u"% t"&n&n 1r&a% & !a %&''"+n tran%#&r%a! "nt&rna & !a trr& & a)%r'"+n ar1 &! #!u(&n & $!"'! )()&a. En !% %"%t&(a% (1% $ran&% %& 0u&&n u%ar un (&"r & *!u4 & $!"'!.
Fig. de torre contactora
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
14
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
Ta53" !" D"%$i,ació (Flash Tank) Cuan &! #!u(&n & $a% "%u&!t &n &! $!"'! &% ! %u*"'"&nt& 0ara 4u%t"*"'ar %u r&'u0&ra'"+n a *"n & %&r ut"!"za '( $a% '()u%t")!&/ !a 0!anta "n'!u& un tan,u& & &%t"!a'"+n "n%tant1n&a. E! $a% "%u&!t &n &! $!"'! %& #a0r"za & 6 a > 0%"$7 0r 'n%"$u"&nt& &! $a% %a!& 0r !a 0art& %u0&r"r &! tan,u& &ntra &n !a tu)&r3a ,u& 'nt"&n& &! '()u%t")!&. Un 'ntr! & 0r&%"+n r&$u!a !a !3n&a & $a%/ =%t& r&$u!ar a)r& '"&rra &n *r(a ,u& !a 0r&%"+n &ntr &! tan,u& & &%t"!a'"+n %& (ant&n$a 'n%tant&. E! $!"'! &nr",u&'" ,u& &ntra a! tan,u& %& a'u(u!a &n &! *n &! ("%( !u&$ 0ara &! r& 'n'&ntrar & $!"'!. Un 'ntr! & n"#&! a't"#a una #1!#u!a ,u& $)"&rna &! *!u4 & $!"'! &nr",u&'" ,u& %a!& &! tan,u&. En a!$una% 0!anta% &! '2rr & $a% 2<(& ,u& &ntra &n !a un"a 'nt"&n& una '"&rta 'ant"a & 2"r'ar)ur% !3,u"%. E! !3,u" &)& ,u&ar &n &! *n &! 'nta'tr 0&r %" una 0art& %u)& t"&n& 'nta't 'n &! $!"'! &%t& %& #a 4unt 'n &! $!"'! &nr",u&'"/ &n &! tan,u& & &%t"!a'"+n *!ta %)r& &! $!"'! %& 0u&& r&(#&r &n una )an&4a ,u& %& &n'u&ntra &n &! (&" &! r&'"0"&nt& 'n un 'ntr! & n"#&!.
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
15
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
R"-""ra!or !", G,ico, En &! r& 'n'&ntrar r&$&n&rar %& &%t"!a &! a$ua ,u& a)%r)& &! $!"'!. E! r& 'n'&ntrar &%t1 '(0u&%t & &%04ara/ r&'a!&ntar/ "nt&r'a()"ar/ tan,u& "$ua!ar )()a. E! $!"'! &nr",u&'" ,u& %a!& &! tan,u& & &%t"!a'"+n 0a%a 0r un %&r0&nt3n &n'"(a & !a &%04ara. E%t& %&r0&nt3n &% un Int&r'a()"ar 'n $!"'! *r3 &n &! "nt&r"r #a0r & a$ua &n &! &5t&r"r. Part& &! #a0r %& 'n&n%a a! 0a%ar 0r &! %&r0&nt3n@ &! a$ua a%3 0ru'"a %& a'u(u!a &n !a 0art& %u0&r"r & !a &%04ara %"r#& & r&*!u4. E! $!"'! &nr",u&'" %a!& &! %&r0&nt3n 0a%a a un *"!tr &n n& %& r&(u& t &! (at&r"a! *r1n&. E! $!"'! ,u& '"r'u!a &n !a 0!anta n &% 'rr%"#/ 0&r 0u&& #!#&r%& (&raa(&nt& 'rr%"# %" &! '2rr & $a% 2<(& 'nt"&n& 53$&n/ 1'" %u!*23r"' $a% 'ar)+n"'. A!$un% & !% 0ru't% & !a 'rr%"+n a%3 '( !a ar&na !a (u$r& 0r&%&nt&% &n &! $a% %& "n'r0ran a! $!"'! 0u"&n 0ru'"r &%0u(a &n &! 'nta'tr &n !a &%04ara. La *r(a'"+n & &%ta &%0u(a &)& "tar%& *"!tran a&'uaa(&nt& &! (at&r"a! &5tra; ,u& 0u&a 2a)&r &n &! $!"'! Pr 'n%"$u"&nt&/ &% n&'&%ar" ,u& &! *"!tr &%t= *un'"nan 'rr&'ta(&nt& urant& t &! t"&(0 & !a 0&ra'"+n.
Filtros de tela
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
16
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
REBOILER DE GLICOL
INTERCAMBIADORES DE GLICOL
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
17
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
INTERCAMBIADOR GAS - GLICOL Cuan &! $!"'! %a!& & !a )()a %u t&(0&ratura &% &ntr& 9J 8 . D& !a )()a &! $!"'! 0a%a a un "nt&r'a()"ar &n n& tran%*"&r& &! 'a!r a! '2rr & $a% %&' ,u& #"&n& &! 'nta'tr. D&ntr &! "nt&r'a()"ar !a t&(0&ratura &! $!"'! &)& )a4ar 2a%ta ,u& %&a n (1% & 9 a 8 (1% a!ta ,u& !a &! $a%. En a!$una% 0!anta% &! "nt&r'a()"ar %n % tu)% 'n'=ntr"'%/ &n tr 'a% %& 2a'& a tra#=% & )an&4a% a"'"na!&% &n &! 'nta'tr/ tu)% &n *r(a & U %&r0&nt3n arr")a &! 'nta'tr. En !a (ar 0art& & !a% 0!anta% & &%2"rata'"+n 0r $!"'! !a 'ant"a & $a% ,u& '"r'u!a &% tan $ran& '(0araa 'n !a &! $!"'! ,u& !a tran%*&r&n'"a & 'a!r &! $!"'! a! $a% 0ru'& una &!a'"+n &n !a t&(0&ratura &! $a% & (&n% & 6 7 S" !a t&(0&ratura &! $!"'! !!&$a a %&r "n*&r"r a !a &! $a%/ =%t& %& &n*r"ar1 tant ,u& a!$un% 2"r'ar)ur% %& 'n&n%an &n &! 'nta'tr '( 'n%&'u&n'"a %& *r(ar1 &%0u(a &n &! 'nta'tr &n !a &%04ara.
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
18
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
Condiciones qe a!ectan la des"idrataci#n$ 97 T&(0&ratura &! $a% & &ntraa. 87 Pr&%"+n &! $a% & &ntraa. 7 Rata & *!u4 & $a%. 7 T&(0&ratura & &ntraa &! $!"'!. 7 Nu(&r & )an&4a% &n &! 'nta'tr. 7 Cn'&ntra'"+n &! $!"'! &ntran a! 'nta'tr. >7 Rata & '"r'u!a'"+n &! $!"'!.
DIAGRAMA GENERAL DEL SISTEMA
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
19
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
5.2.
PET - 240
ADSORCION
La a%r'"+n &%'r")& 'ua!,u"&r 0r'&% n& !a% (!='u!a% & un $a% ,u&an r&t&n"a% %)r& un %+!" 0r *u&rza% %u0&r*"'"a!&%. En !a "nu%tr"a %& ut"!"zan !&'2% *"4% & &%&'ant&% 0ara &%2"ratar $a%/ !% t30"'% %n: S3!"'a G&!/ A!<("na a't"#aa !% ta("'&% (!&'u!ar&%. La a%r'"+n &%'r")& 'ua!,u"&r 0r'&% n& !a% (!='u!a% & un $a% ,u&an r&t&n"a% %)r& un %+!" 0r *u&rza% %u0&r*"'"a!&%. Un %+!" &)& t&n&r '"&rta% 'ara't&r3%t"'a% 0ara 0&r ut"!"zar! '( (at&r"a! a%r)&nt&/ "'2a% 'ara't&r3%t"'a% %n: Gran 1r&a %u0&r*"'"a!.
Gran a't"#"a 2a'"a !% '(0n&nt&% a r&(#&r.
A!ta tran%*&r&n'"a & (a%a.
1'"! &'n+("'a(&nt& r&$&n&ra)!&.
Qu& n 0r&%&nt& 'a()"% a0r&'"a)!&% & #!u(&n/ urant& !a a%r'"+n
!a r&$&n&ra'"+n. Bu&na r&t&n'"+n & !a a't"#"a 'n &! t"&(0.
P'a r&%"%t&n'"a a! *!u4 & $a%.
A!ta r&%"%t&n'"a (&'1n"'a a !a tr"tura'"+n.
Ba4 '%t/ n t+5"'/ n 'rr%"#.
Qu3("'a(&nt& "n&rt& & a!ta &n%"a )ruta.
E! 0r'&% & a%r'"+n &% una *r(a & a2&%"+n &ntr& una %u0&r*"'"& %+!"a &! #a0r & a$ua ,u& a0ar&'& '( una 'a0a (u &!$aa/ %& %%t"&n& %&$
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
20
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
,u& !a t&'n!$3a 'n "n&''"+n & (&tan! 0r &4&(0! %&r3a un 0r)!&(a/ 0r !a *r(a'"+n & 2"&! & 2"rat% &n !a% 'rr"&nt&% & 0r'&%. L% !3,u"% & $a% natura! ta()"=n %n %&'a% &n 'a%"n&% 'n &%&'ant&% %+!"%. A&(1% t% !% %+!"% %& &$raan 'n &! u%. La &$raa'"+n nr(a! 'urr& a tra#=% & !a 0=r"a & 1r&a %u0&r*"'"a! &*&'t"#a a tra#=% & %u'&%"#a% r&$&n&ra'"n&%. Pu&& 'urr"r ta()"=n tr t"0 & &$raa'"+n &)" a! )!,u& & !% 0&,u&;% 'a0"!ar&% ,u& 0r&%&ntan !a (ar 0art& &! 1r&a %u0&r*"'"a! &*&'t"#a. L% a'&"t&% 0&%a%/ !% $!"'!&%/ !% "n2")"r&% & 'rr%"+n tr% '(0u&%t% ,u& n 0u&&n r&(#&r%& 0r r&$&n&ra'"+n r&u'&n !a 'a0a'"a &! %+!" 2a%ta n"#&!&% ant"&'n+("'% &n 0&r"% (u 'rt% & t"&(0. D&)&n t(ar%& !a% (&"a% a&'uaa% ant&% &! !&'2 0ara "tar ,u& %& 0r&%&nt&n &%t% 0r)!&(a%. E! 0r'&% $&n&ra! & a%r'"+n &n un !&'2 'urr& & !a (an&ra %"$u"&nt&: a (&"a ,u& &! $a% &ntra a! !&'2 %&'/ t% !% (at&r"a!&% a)%r)")!&%/ %& a%r)&n a ta%a% "*&r&nt&%@ &%0u=% ,u& &! 0r'&% 2a 0r'&" 0r un 'rt 0&r3 & t"&(0/ a0ar&'& una %&r"& & zna% & a%r'"+n. E%ta% zna% r&0r&%&ntan !a !n$"tu & trr& "n#!u'raa &n !a a%r'"+n & 'ua!,u"&r '(0n&nt&. Atr1% & !a zna/ t &! '(0n&nt& 2a %" a%r)". D&!ant& & !a zna/ !a '(0%"'"+n & &%t& '(0n&nt& &% '&r/ a (&n% ,u& 2aa ,u&a a!$ & una a%r'"+n ant&r"r. E%ta% zna% %& *r(an %& (u&n a tra#=% &! !&'2. La
Dia-rama !", Proc"%o
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
21
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
'ENTA(AS DESHIDRATACION CON DESECANTES S6LIDOS
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D& 0"nt -9J * 6-9 C7. N a)%r)&n ar(1t"'%. R&(u& H8O ? H8S. N 2a 0=r"a% & %!#&nt&. Cu(0!& &%0&'"*"'a'"n&% & tran%0rt&. Gran 1r&a %u0&r*"'"a! R&$&n&ra'"+n &'n+("'a *1'"! N 0r&%&nta 'a()" & #!<(&n&% urant& !a A%r'"+n r&$&n&ra'"+n. Ba4 '%t n 'nta("na/ n t5"'. Qu3("'a(&nt& "n&rt&.
Lo% roc"%o% com"rcia,"% m7% com3"% %o:
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Cn S8LICA GEL/ %& a!'anzan 0unt% & r'3 & -> a -J /
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Cn ALUMINA #a!r&% & -9
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
22
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
o
PET - 240
Cn TAMI9 MOLECULAR & -9 (1% )a4% 'n "%&;% &%0&'"a!&% 'ntr! 0&ra'"na! (u &%tr"'t.
ALMINA ACTI'ADA A!<("na A't"#aa &% una *r(a $ranu!aa & +5" & a!u("n". En &%t& 0r'&%/ &! a$ua ,u& 'nt"&n& &! 'nta("nant& %& 0a%a 0r un 'artu'2 'ana%t"!!a & a!<("na a't"#aa. La a!<("na a)%r)& a! 'nta("nant& &! a$ua *r&%'a 'nt"nua a! *r&$a&r. E! 'artu'2 & a!u(na a't"#aa &)& %&r r&&(0!aza r&$u!ar(&nt&. E% "(0rtant& &t&r("nar a tra#=% & &51(&n&% 'uan !a 'a0a'"a & &!"("nar &! 'nta("nant& &n &! "%0%"t"# 2a !!&$a a! a$ta("&nt/ 0ara ,u& !a t='n"'a & trata("&nt &!"("n&/ n ,u& 'ntr")ua/ a! 'nta("nant&. Ta()"=n "%0%"t"#% & A!<("na A't"#aa a'u(u!an $=r(&n&%/ a%3 ,u& &! a$ua trataa t"&n& 'nt&n" (1% a!t & $=r(&n&% ,u& a$ua %"n tratar.
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NATCO/ nr(a!(&nt& u%a un & &%t% a%r)&nt&%: $&! & %3!"'&/ ta("z (!&'u!ar/ a!<("na a't"#aa & 'ar)+n a't"#a. ;U8MICA SILICAGEL/ &% una E(0r&%a "n"'"+ %u% a't"#"a&% &n &! a; 8 'n !a "%tr")u'"+n & SILICAGEL/ &n ta% %u% $ranu!(&tr3a% t"0% a'tua!(&nt& '(&r'"a!"za %u% 0ru't% &n t &! 0a3% a tra#=% & una a(0!"a r& & "%tr")u'"+n !% &50rta a C2"!&/ Uru$ua P&r<.
HAINES Y MALLAS MOLECULARES DE SHEL / %& *una(&ntan &n 2a'&r r&a''"nar &! H8S 'n &! SO8 %)r& un !&'2 *"4 0ara $&n&rar azu*r& 0r 'n#&r%"+n "r&'ta
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
23
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
4ENEFICIOS DEL PRODUCTO A,$a Caaci!a! !" A!%orció - Cn una $ran %u0&r*"'"& una &5'&!&nt&
"%tr")u'"+n & !% 0r%/ a!<("na a't"#aa t"&n& una (u a!ta 'a0a'"a & a)%r'"+n & a$ua. Pr ! tant/ !% '%t% "n"'"a!&%/ &! 'n%u( & &n&r$3a/ !% '%t% & 0&ra'"+n %& r&u'&n a tra#=% & !% ta(a;% (1% 0&,u&;% 'a(a ? (1% '"'!% & *un'"na("&nt. R"%i%$"$" a, a-3a ,<53i!a - La a!<("na a't"#aa &% (1% r&%"%t&nt& a! a$ua/
$!0&%/ &)" a !a *a!ta & &n*r"ar/ %&0arar/ !a *u$a & tra(0a n %& &$raan *1'"!(&nt& !a a!<("na a't"#aa. La 'a0a'"a & a%r'"+n &! &%&'ant& 0u&& %&r r&%tauraa &%0u=% & '(0!&tar !a r&$&n&ra'"+n. 4a*a A&ra%ió - La a!<("na a't"#aa t"&n& un )a4 *a'tr ,u& a%&$ura !a
a)ra%"+n (&n% 0!# urant& &%0r&%ur"za'"+n & !a trr& 'ar$a & !a trr&. La )a4a a)ra%"+n & 0r0"&a & !a a!<("na a't"#aa ta()"=n r&u'& !a 'a3a & 0r&%"+n !a 0%")"!"a & 'n&'tar un a*t&r*"!t&r 'n 0!#. A,$o Cr3% S$r"-$ - E! a!t a0!a%tar !a *u&rza & a!<("na a't"#aa &%
"(0rtant& urant& !a% 0&ra'"n&% & 'ar$a & !a% trr&% & &%&'ant&. Ui=orm" 4"a! Dim"%io"% - La a!<("na a't"#aa &% un ta!+n & ta(a; un"*r(&. Pr ! tant/ %& 0r= una )a4a 'a3a & 0r&%"+n 0ara 'n%&r#ar !a &n&r$3a
LA SILICAGEL La S"!"'aG&! &% un (u a't"#a a%r)&nt&/ a(u&)!a &n una a(0!"a $a(a & ta(a;% & (a!!a 0ara aa0tar%& a "#&r%a% a0!"'a'"n&% "nu%tr"a!&%. N &% 'rr%"#/ rr"&%%/ "n%30"/ n t+5"'/ !a% %u%tan'"a% ,u3("'a% & (an&ra "n&rt&. S& trata & una *r(a a!ta(&nt& 0r%a & %"!"'"/ 'n una $ran %u0&r*"'"& "nt&rna. E! $&! & %3!"'& n %u*r& n"n$una r&a''"+n ,u3("'a &n !a a%r'"+n n 'ua!,u"&r *r(a & !% 0ru't%. E% &! n()r& $&n=r"' 0ara un $&! (anu*a'tura 0art"&n & 1'" %u!* a -J . E% un H"r+5" & S3!"'& D&%2"rataa ,u& 0&r("t& !a a%r'"+n & !3,u"%/ n &% t+5"'a n" 'rr%"#a. R&%u!ta & !a r&a''"+n ,u3("'a &ntr& &! 1'" %u!*
4ENEFICIOS DEL PRODUCTO ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
24
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
A,$a caaci!a! !" r"$"ció !" 3m"!a! &a*o co!icio"% !i7mica%Ba4 'n"'"n&% "n1("'a%/ una (ar 'a0a'"a una r&u''"+n & !a r&$&n&ra'"+n & &%tr&!!a% & t&(0&ratura ,u& %& 0u&& !$rar 'uan %& tra)a4a &n "#&r%% %&'ar&% & a"r& 'a!&ntaa r&$&n&rat"#a. 'i%3a, i!icació !" ,a co!ició !" !"%"ca$" /i!ica!o ", $io >ico0 E! $&! & %3!"'& 'u&nta% %n "(0r&$na% 'n un "n"'ar & 2u(&a 0ara 0r0r'"nar #"%ua!&% & a#&rt&n'"a 0ara "n*r(ar & ,u& &! a%r)&nt& &%&'ant& n&'&%"a&% r&$&n&ra% r&&(0!aza%. Ui=orm" $a,ó =orma E! $&! & %3!"'& &% *a)r"'a 0ara 0r0r'"nar una '2&r&nt& un"*r(& & ta(a; ta!+n. E%t ("n"("za r1%t"'a(&nt& !a "n'"&n'"a & !a 'ana!"za'"+n/ %u("n"%tr & )a4a 'a3a & 0r&%"+n/ &! a2rr & &n&r$3a.
TAMICES MOLECULARES
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
25
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
L% ta("'&% (!&'u!ar&% %n una &%0&'"& & a!u("n"-%"!"'at% 'n $ran 'a0a'"a & &ntra(0ar a$ua &nu!zar &! $a% %" &%t& &% a'". E%t% ta("'&% $&n&ran un )a4 0unt & r'"+ &! a$ua/ %"&n !a a0!"'a'"+n (1% '(
4ENEFICIOS DEL PRODUCTO Ui=orm" !" ,a caaci!a! !" r"$"ció & 2u(&a & r&t&n'"+n/ &50r&%a &n !")ra% & a$ua a)%r)"a 0r !")ra & &%&'ant&/ n 'a()"a %&n%")!&(&nt& %" &! a"r& $a% n %& %atur&. Ta()"=n (ant"&n& %u% 0r0"&a&% & r&t&n'"+n & !a 2u(&a &n una a(0!"a $a(a & t&(0&ratura% & 0&ra'"+n. Fi*a ", $ama?o & ,o% oro%1 ta("z (!&'u!ar a%r)&nt& &%&'ant& 'nt"&n& un ta(a; & 0r *"4 & An$%tr( 69 An$%tr( - . 9 - 0u!$aa%7. E%ta 'ara't&r3%t"'a 0&r("t& ,u& &! &%&'ant& %& ETHNOLAND 0r !a 2u(&a &n un %"%t&(a.
ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
26
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
Ro!a $a,ó & =orma D&)" a %u *r(a r&na/ ta("z (!&'u!ar t"&n& una r&%"%t&n'"a a !a a)ra%"+n ,u& %& trau'& &n (&nr 0=r"a & 0r&%"+n & &5tru%"+n & ta("z (!&'u!ar.
DESHIDRATACI6N CON CLORURO DE CALCIO ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
27
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
E! '!rur & 'a!'" %& u%a '( un &%&'ant& 'n%u(")!& 0ara &%2"rata'"+n & $a% natura!. E% una %a! a!ta(&nt& 2"$r%'+0"'a ,u& %& u%a 0r"n'"0a!(&nt& &n 1r&a% r&(ta% 0ara 0&,u&;% *!u4%. E! &,u"0 '( 0u&& )%&r#ar%& &n !a% "$. 8>.a/ "$. -8>.)/ &%t1 '(0u&%t/ 0r una trr& !a 'ua! t"&n& una %&''"+n & %&0ara'"+n &n !a 0art& )a4a. Pr tr !a/ &n !a "$. -8>.'/ %& 0u&&n #&r !a% zna% & a''"+n ,u& t"&n&% &%t& t"0 & trr&. Pr &n'"(a &! %&0arar 2a una %&''"+n & 'nta't & a0r5"(aa(&nt& a 0!at%. P%t&r"r(&nt& 2a un 0!at %0rt& %)r& &! 'ua! %& "n%ta!a &! CaC!8 &n *r(a & 03!ra% )a!a%. E! $a% &ntra a !a %&''"+n & %&0ara'"+n &n !a 'ua! %& r&(u& 'ua!,u"&r !3,u" ,u& !!&. A 'nt"nua'"+n %atura & 2u(&a/ *!u& 2a'"a arr")a a tra#=% & !% 0!at%/ !% 'ua!&% 'nt"&n&n una %a!(u&ra & CaC!8 &n n& %& a)%r)& a!$ &! a$ua. P%t&r"r(&nt&/ &! $a% &ntra &n 'nta't 'n !a %a!/ !a 'ua! a)%r)& &! a$ua "%!#"=n%& &n &!!a *r(an una %a!(u&ra. D"'2a %a!(u&ra 'a& %)r& !% 0!at% #a 2a%ta &! *n & !a #a%"4a. E! $a% ,u& %a!& & !a trr& $&n&ra!(&nt& 'u(0!& 'n !% r&,u&r"("&nt% & 'nt&n" & a$ua &! 'ua! 0u&& !!&$ar a 9 !)?MM%'*. La 'a0a'"a t30"'a &! CaC!8 &% . !) CaC!8 ? !) H8O. La% #&!'"a&% %u0&r*"'"a!&% &n &! !&'2 %n 8 - *t?("n !a r&!a'"+n L?D 0ara &! !&'2 &)& %&r a! (&n% a :9. E! CaC!8 &)& %&r 'a()"a 0&r"+"'a(&nt& u%ua!(&nt& 'aa % a tr&% %&(ana%. La "n'rr&'ta "%0%"'"+n & !a %a!(u&ra 0u&& 'a%"nar 0r)!&(a% a()"&nta!&%/ $&n&ra!(&nt& &% "n&'taa a un 0z.
FIG. a D"%i!ra$a!or $<ico co c,or3ro !" ca,cio CaC,2 ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
28
DESHIDRATACION DEL GAS NATURAL
PET - 240
u&nt&: GPSA 6Ga% Pr'&%%r% Su00!"&r% A%%'"at"n7
Fi-. D"%i!ra$a!or $<ico co c,or3ro !" ca,cio CaC,2
6. "as #i$ata!
"as es#i$ata ! CaCl sóli! 2 S!l(ció& e sal)(e$a E%t$act!$ e &ie'la aceit e
FUENTE ARELY COLQUE SAUCANI
29