UNIVERSIDAD UNIVERSI DAD DEL D EL VALLE VALLE DE GUATEMALA FACULT FACULTAD AD DE CIENCIAS C IENCIAS Y HUMANIDADES HUMANIDADE S DEPART DEPARTAMENTO AMENTO DE QUÍMICA LABORATORIO DE QUÍMICA ANALÍTICA AUXILIAR: GRECIA MÉRIDA
PRÁCTICA NÚMERO ONCE DETERMINACIÓN DE PERÓXIDO PERÓXIDO DEHIDRÓGENO VOLUMETRÍA REDOX PERMANGANOMETRÍA
MARLEN JEANNETH ALARCÓN CARNÉ: 132! FECHA DE ENTREGA: 2"#!#2!1
I. SUMARIO E$ %&'()*+% ,-*./*,0$ ( $0 ,-/)*/0 4( 0,$*/0- ($ 56)%% +%$456)-*/% ( 78*% 9 -(4//*7. 4)*$*;0.% ($ ,(-50.<0.0)% +0$%-0% /%. %80$0)% ( =%*% /%5% ,0)-7. ,-*50-*%> ,0-0 $0 ()(-5*.0/*7. /40.)*)0)*+0 ( P(-78*% ( H*-7<(.% (. 4.0 54(=)-0 /%5(-/*0$? L%= -(0/)*+%= 4)*$*;0%= ,0-0 (=)0 ,-/)*/0 4(-%.: 4.0 =%$4/*7. ( @M.O 0,-%8*5005(.)( !?1N 4.0 =%$4/*7. !?"M ( H 2SO N02C2O3H2O /%5% =%$4/*7. ,0)-7. H2O2 0$ 3? E$ (4*,% 4)*$*;0% 4( 4.0 &0$0.;0 50-/0 OHAUS /%. -0.<% ( 21!!?!!!1
II. MARCO TEÓRICO 1. Caracteriaci!" #e $a% reacci&"e% #e O'i#aci!"(Re#)cci!" E. 4.0 -(0//*7. ( %8*0/*7.#-(4//*7. $%= ($(/)-%.(= =( )-0.=*(-(. ( 4. -(0/)*+% 0 %)-%? U. ('(5,$% (= $0 %8*0/*7. ( $%= *%.(= ( K*(--% II ,%- 5(*% ( *%.(= ( /(-*% IV? L0 -(0//*7. =( (=/-*&( ,%- 5(*% ( $0 (/40/*7. S%%< 2!!": 3 +¿ 3 + ¿ Fe
¿
2 +¿ ↔Ce 4 +¿+ Fe
Ce
¿
¿
¿
Ec)aci!" 1. Reacci!" REDOX e"tre Ceri& *IV+ , Hierr& *II+ E. (=)0 -(0//*7. 4. ($(/)-7. (= )-0.=(-*% (=( ($ F( 2 0$ C( ,0-0 %-50- *%.(= C (3 F(3? U.0 =4=)0./*0 4( )*(.( 4.0 4(-)( 0*.*0 ,%- $%= ($(/)-%.(= /%5% (= ($ /0=% ( C( =( /%.%/( /%5% 0<(.)( %8*0.)( 4 %8*0.)(? U. 0<(.)( -(4/)%- % -(4/)%- (= 4.0 (=,(/*( /%5% ($ F( 2 4( /*$5(.)( %.0 ($(/)-%.(= 0 %)-0= (=,(/*(=? P0-0 (=/-*&*- ($ /%5,%-)05*(.)% 45*/% -(,-(=(.)0% ,%- $0 (/40/*7. 1 =( */( 4( ($ F( 2 (= %8*0% ,%- ($ C(> ( %-50 =*5*$0- ($ C( (= -(4/*% ,%- ($ F( 2 S%%< 2!!" ?
-. A$icaci!" #e $&% a/e"te% &'i#a"te% atr!" -.1 Per0a"/a"at& #e &ta%i& &'i#a"te 2)erte L0= =%$4/*%.(= ( *7. ,(-50.<0.0)% =%. -(0/)*+%= %8*0.)(= 4(-)(= /40= 0,$*/0/*%.(= =%. 54 +0-*00=? L0 =(5*--(0//*7. ,0-0 (=)( *7. (= S%%< 2!!": 2 +¿+ 4 H 2 O ¿
−¿ ↔ Mn +¿+ 5 e
¿ ¿
−¿+ 8 H ¿
Mn O 4
Ec)aci!" -. Se0irreaci!" #e i!" er0a"/a"at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
-.- Detecci!" #e )"t&% 2i"a$e% U.0 ,-%,*(0 )*$ ( $0 =%$4/*7. ( ,(-50.<0.0)% ( ,%)0=*% (= =4 *.)(.=% /%$%- 5%-0% ($ /40$ (= =4*/*(.)( ,0-0 =(-+*- /%5% *.*/0%- (. $0 50%-0 ( $0= +0$%-0/*%.(=? E$ ,4.)% *.0$ /%. ($ ,(-50.<0.0)% .% (= ,(-50.(.)( ,4(=)% 4( 4. (8/(=% ( *%.(= ,(-50.<0.0)% -(0//*%.0. $(.)05(.)( /%. $0 /%./(.)-0/*7. -($0)*+05(.)( <-0.( ( $%= *%.(= 50.<0.(=% II ,-(=(.)(= (. ($ ,4.)% *.0$ ( 0/4(-% /%. $0 -(0//*7. S%%< 2!!": +¿
¿
2 +¿+ 2 H 2 O ↔ 5 MnO2 ( s) + 4 H
−¿+ 3 Mn¿ ¿
2 MnO 4
Ec)aci!" 3. Reacci!" e"tre i!" er0a"/a"at& e i&"e% Ma"/a"e%& *II+ L0 /%.=)0.)( ( (4*$*&-*% ,0-0 (=)0 -(0//*7. (= 0,-%8*5005(.)( 1! $% 4( *.*/0 4( $0 /%./(.)-0/*7. (. ($ (4*$*&-*% ($ *7. ,(-50.<0.0)% (= (8)-(5005(.)( ,(4(0 *./$4=% (. 5(*%= 54 /*%=? P%- %-)4.0 $0 +($%/*0 0 $0 /40$ =( 0$/0.;0 (=)( (4*$*&-*% (= )0. $(.)0 4( ($ ,4.)% *.0$ *=5*.4( =7$% <-040$5(.)( 4-0.)( 4. ,(-%% 0,-%8*50% ( 3! =(<4.%= S%%< 2!!"?
-.3 Prearaci!" , e%ta4i$i#a# #e %&$)ci&"e% atr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
-.5 Va$&raci!" #e %&$)ci&"e% #e Per0a"/a"at& E$ %80$0)% ( =%*% (= 4. ,0)7. ,-*50-*% 54 4)*$*;0%? E. =%$4/*%.(= /*0= ($ *7. %80$0)% =( /%.+*(-)( (. ($ /*% =*. *=%/*0-? A= = -(0//*7. /%. ,(-50.<0.0)% =( ,4(( (=/-*&*- ( $0 =*<4*(.)( 50.(-0 S%%< 2!!": 2 +¿+ 10 CO2 + 8 H 2 O +¿ ↔ 2 Mn
¿ ¿
2−¿+ 16 H ¿ −¿+ 5 C 2 O 4 ¿
2 MnO4
Ec)aci!" 5. Reacci!" e"tre er0a"/a"at& , O'a$at&
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c)aci&"e% #e A"6$i%i% #e Err&r. ´= X
∑n n
Ec)aci!" 7. M(*0 0-*)56)*/0? ´ X i − n x 2
2
∑ (¿) n −1 S =√ ¿
Ec)aci!" 8? D(=+*0/*7. (=).0- ( $0 54(=)-0? ∆n n
¿
∆a 2 ¿ +… ¿ a ∆x 2 ¿ +¿ x
¿ ∆ Y =Y ∗√ ¿
Ec)aci!" 9. I./(-)*45&-( ( $%= 0)%= %&)(.*%= (. %.(: 8 0 . =%. $0= *./(-)*45&-(= 0=%/*00= 0 $%= +0$%-(= /%. $%= /40$(= 4( /0$/4$0% ($ +0$%- Y
CI =´ x ±
ts
√ N
Ec)aci!" :. E/40/*7. ,0-0 ()(-5*.0- *.)(-+0$% ( /%.*0.;0 ( $0 5(*0? 5. Ec)aci&"e% )ti$ia#a% e" $a #eter0i"aci!" #e re%)$ta#&% #e $a r6ctica;
2 +¿+ 10 CO2 + 8 H 2 O +¿ ↔ 2 Mn
¿ ¿
2−¿+ 16 H ¿ −¿+ 5 C 2 O 4 ¿
2 MnO4
Ec)aci!" 5. Reacci!" e"tre er0a"/a"at& , O'a$at& 2 +¿+ 8 H 2 O +¿ ↔ 5 O2 + 2 Mn
¿
¿
−¿+ 6 H
¿
5 H 2 O 2+ 2 MnO 4
Ec)aci!" <. Reacci!" e"tre er0a"/a"at& , Per!'i#& #e Hi#r!/e"& III. RESULTADOS =INALES Ta4$a 1. Re%)$ta#&% O4te"i#&% e" $a r6ctica;
De%crici!";
Me#ia;
De%>iaci!" E%t6"#ar;
I"ter>a$& #e C&"2ia"a *<7?+
N%-50$*0 ( S%$4/*7. ( @M.O
!?!2"31?33211!
!?!!21
!?!3211 !?!"!2!3
M%$0-*0 ( S%$4/*7. ( @M.O
!?!133?3!!1!
!?!!113
!?!1!3 !?!11!1
P(=% ( H2O2 (. $0 54(=)-0 %-*<*.0$
P%-/(.)0'( ,(=%#,(=% ( H 2O2 (. $0 54(=)-0 =4,%.*(.% 4( $0 54(=)-0 4( ( 1!
!?!" 1?321!
!?!!3"1
1?2"1" 2?2"31!
!?121"
1?!33 1?"13!
IV. DISCUSIÓN C%. $0 ()(-5*.0/*7. ( $0 /0.)*0 ( H 2O2 (. 4.0 54(=)-0 /%5(-/*0$ =( /45,$*7 /%. ($ %&'()*+% ( $0 ,-/)*/0 ($ /40$ /%.=*=)0 (. 0,$*/0- ($ 56)%% ( +%$45()-0 (
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
(8*=)0. !?!" 1?321!
V. CONCLUSIONES •
•
•
•
C%. $0 ()(-5*.0/*7. ( 4. ,%-/(.)0'( ( 1?2"1" 2?2"31! ( H2O2 (. 4.0 54(=)-0 /%5(-/*0$ ( 0<40 %8<(.00 =( /45,$*7 ($ %&'()*+% ,-*./*,0$ ( $0 ,-/)*/0 0$ 0,$*/0- ($ 56)%% ( +%$45()-0 ( 78*% 9 -(4//*7. 4)*$*;0.% ($ @M.O /%5% 0<(.)( %8*0.)( ($ %80$0)% ( =%*% /%5% =%$4/*7. ,0)-7.? S( (=)0&$(/*7 ,0-0 $0 /%./(.)-0/*7. ( $0 =%$4/*7. ( @M.O $%= =*<4*(.)(= +0$%-(=: !?!2"31?33211! N? !?!133?3!!1!M? S( ()(-5*.7 4( (. $0 54(=)-0 %-*<*.0$ K0&0 4.0 50=0 ( !?!" 1?321!
VI. AP@NDICE A. Pr&ce#i0ie"t&
S( =*<4*7 ($ ,-%/(*5*(.)% (=)0&$(/*% (. ($ %/45(.)%: PRÁCTICA NÚMERO ONCE; DETERMINACIÓN DE PERÓXIDO DE HIDRÓGENO *VOLUMETRÍA REDOX PERMANGANOMETRÍA+. E$0&%-0% ,%- M=0? J(0.())( B0--*%= U.*+(-=*0 ($ V0$$( ( G40)(50$0 F0/4$)0 ( C*(./*0= H450.*0(= D(,0-)05(.)% ( 45*/0 2!1?
Se rea$iar&" $a% %i/)ie"te% 0&#i2icaci&"e% a $a r6ctica; •
N% =( -(0$*;7 .*.<4.0 5%**/0/*7. 0 $0 ,-/)*/0?
. Dat&% &ri/i"a$e%; Ta4$a -. Ma%a% , >&$B0e"e% #e reacti>&% )ti$ia#&% e" rearaci!" #e %&$)ci&"e%; Reacti>&; @M.O H2SO N0C2OH2O N0C2OH2O N0C2OH2O H2O2
M"O5 *.1/.+ !?313
H-SO5 *.70L.+ 23?! 2?! 2?! 2?! 1?!!5L
NaC-O5F7H-O *.1/.+ !?!2 !?!23 !?!2
H-O*.70L+ 2?!
Ta4$a 3. 0L #e S&$)ci!" #e M"O 5 )ti$ia#&% e" tit)$aci!" #e Na -C-O3. >c Tit)$aci!"; 0L M"O5 *.70L+; 1 ?! 2 ?! 3 ?"! Ta4$a 5. 0L #e S&$)ci!" #e M"O 5 )ti$ia#&% e" #eter0i"aci!" #e H -O-. Tit)$aci!"; 1 2 3
0L M"O5 *.70L+; ?3! ?3! ?3!
C. C6$c)$&% #e 0)e%tra C6$c)$& 1; M0=0 ( @M.O 0 4)*$*;0- ,0-0 ,-(,0-0- 4.0 =%$4/*7. !?1N? T%50.% (. /4(.)0 $0 =*<4*(.)( -(0//*7.:
A2&ra#& A; 1!!5L !!5L 25L
2 +¿+ 4 H 2 O ¿
−¿ ↔ Mn +¿+ 5 e
¿ ¿
−¿+ 8 H ¿
Mn O 4
Ec)aci!" -. Se0irreaci!" #e i!" er0a"/a"at& S( /0$/4$7 $0 50=0 .(/(=0-*0 ,0-0 ,-(,0-0 4.0 =%$4/*7. ( @M.O !?1N:
(
0.1 eq . 1,000 mLSol KM nO4
)(
100 mL 1
)(
1 mol KMnO 4 5 eq .
)(
158.034 g . 1 mol KMn O4
)( ) 99.8 100
¿ 0.3154 ± 0.0001 g.KMnO 4
C6$c)$& -; 5L ( =%$4/*7. ( @M.O 0 4)*$*;0- ,0-0 /%.=45*- " ( $0 =%$4/*7. ,0)-7. ( %80$0)% ( =%*% (. ()(-5*.0/*7. ( /%./(.)-0/*7. ( =%$4/*7. ( @M.O ? P0-0 (=)( /$/4$% =( )%57 (. /4(.)0 $0 =*<4*(.)( -(0//*7.: 2 +¿+ 10 CO2 + 8 H 2 O +¿ ↔ 2 Mn
¿ ¿
2−¿+ 16 H ¿ −¿+ 5 C 2 O 4 ¿
2 MnO4
Ec)aci!" 7. Reacci!" e"tre er0a"/a"at& , O'a$at& 0.0250 ± 0.0001 g.Na 2 C 2 O4
(
1 mol KMnO 4 1 mol MnO 4
)(
(
1 mol Na2 C 2 O 4 134 g . 74.5513000 y Mg 2 + en titulaiones agua: iio!e"a!aines tiloomo in
5 eq . 1 mol KMn O4
)(
1,000 mL Sol KM nO 4 0.1 eq .
)( )= 95
100
3.54 ± 0.05 mLsol KMnO 4
E=)( /$/4$% =( -(0$*;7 ,0-0 /00 4.% ( $%= ,(=%= ( %80$0)% 4)*$*;0%= (. $0 (=)0.0-*;0/*7. ( $0 =%$4/*7. ( ,(-50.<0.0)%?
C6$c)$& 3; 5L ( H2SO 0 4)*$*;0- (. ,-(,0-0/*7. ( =%$4/*7. !?"M? 500 mL.H 2 S O 4
(
0.9 M . H 2 S O 4 1,000 mL 74.5513 000 y Mg 2 + ent itulaiones agua : iio!e"a!aines tilo omo in#ia#o! .
¿ 23.51 ± 0.05 mLsolH 2 S O 4
C6$c)$& 5; D()(-5*.0/*7. ( N%-50$*0 ( =%$4/*7. ,0)-7. ( @M.O :
2−¿
C 2 O 4 1 mol 1 mol Na2 C 2 O 4 ¿ ¿ 2−¿
5 molC 2 O 4
−¿
2 mol
MnO 4 ¿ ¿
0.0268 ± 0.0001 g.Na 2 C 2 O 4
(
1 molNa2 C 2 O 4 134 g .
)
¿
−¿
1 mol MnO 4
1 mol KMn O 4
¿ ¿ ¿
FE=)( /$/4$% =( -(0$*;7 ,0-0 /00 4.0 ( $0= /0.)*0(= ( %80$0)% 4)*$*;00= =( 4)*$*;7 4. ,-%5(*% ( $0= N%-50$*0(= %&)(.*0= /%5% -(=4$)0% *.0$? C6$c)$& 7; D()(-5*.0/*7. ( 5%$0-*0 ( =%$4/*7. ( @M.O :
(
0.09090909091 eq . 1 L . Sol KM nO 4
)(
1 mol KMnO 4 5 eq .
)=
−5
0.0181818 ± 3.50953 ∗1 0 M .
S( 4)*$*;7 ($ 5*=5% /$/4$% ,0-0 /00 4.0 ( $0= .%-50$*0(= 0.)(-*%-5(.)( %&)(.*0= =( 4)*$*;7 4. ,-%5(*% ( $0= M%$0-*0(= %&)(.*0= /%5% -(=4$)0% *.0$?
C6$c)$& 8; P(=% ($ H 2O2 (. $0 54(=)-0 %-*<*.0$ ( 1!5L 7.30 ± 0.05 mL KMn
O 4∗ 0.016586353 ± 3.30084∗10 1000 mL
−¿
MnO4
∗34.01468 g H 2 O2 1 mol H 2 O2
2 mol
∗25 mL H 2 O2
5 mL H 2 O2 −¿
MnO4 1 mol
1 mol KMnO 4
¿¿
∗5 mol H 2 O2
¿
¿ 0.05148 ± 1.30999∗10 −6 g . # e H 2 O2
−5
mol KMnO 4
C6$c)$& 9; P%-/(.)0'( ,(=%#,(=% ( H 2O2 =4,%.*(.% 4( $0 54(=)-0 (= ( 1!
0.05148 ± 1.30999 ∗1 0
g # e H 2
3 g # e H 2 O 2
∗10 g
10 mL
" "
¿ 1.716046 ± 2.18331∗1 0−5 #e H 2 O2 ( )
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¿ ∆a 2 ¿ +… ¿ a ∆x 2 ¿ +¿ x
¿ = ∆ Y Y ∗√ ¿
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ts
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Va$&r; 0.3154 ± 0.0001 g. KMnO 4 23.51 ± 0.05 mLsolH 2 S O4
3.54 ± 0.05 mLsol KMn O 4
?!!?! 5L =%$ @M.O
=. A"e'&%; N% K0?
RE=ERENCIAS S%%< M? 2!!"? FUNDAMENTOS DE QUÍMICA ANALÍTICA (*/*7. M68*/%? CENGAGE L(0-.*.
