27. DEUTSCHE GESELLSCHAFT FÜR TECHNISCHE ZUSAMMENARBEIT, ZUSAMMENARBEIT, ALSO KNOWN AS GERMAN AGENCY FOR TECHNICAL COOPERATION, COOPERATION, (GTZ) HANS PETER PAULENZ AND ANNE NICOLAY VS. HON. COURT OF APPEALS ; G.R. NO. 152318, 16 APRIL 2009 FACTS On 10 December 1999, the Philiine !"#ernment, thr"$!h then %"rei!n A&&'ir( )ecret'r* )ecret'r* D"min!" D"min!" )i'+"n, )i'+"n, 'n the the Germ'n Germ'n !"#ernment, !"#ernment, '!ree '!ree t" 'n 'n Arr'n!ement Arr'n!ement in &$rther'nc &$rther'nce e "& the 19-1 A!reement A!reement c"ncernin! c"ncernin! echnic'l /" /" "er'ti"n A!reement in "nn, c'it'l "& 4h't 4'( then e(t Germ'n*. he !"#ernment( "& the %eer'l Re$blic "& Germ'n* 'n the Re$blic "& the th e Ph Phil ili ii ine ne( ( r' r'ti ti&i &ie e 'n A!r !ree eeme ment nt c' c'll lle e )" )"ci ci'l 'l e e'l 'lth th In In($ ($r' r'nc nce7 e7 Net4" Net 4"r rin! in! 'n 'n m m"4 "4er ermen mentt ) )IN IN ,, 4h 4hich ich 4' 4'( ( e e(i! (i!ne ne t" :e :en' n'ble ble Phili Phil iine ine &'mi &'milie( lie(e( e(eci eci'll* 'll* "" ""rr "ne "ne(t" (t" m'in m'int'in t'in thei theirr he' he'lth lth 'n (ec (ec$re $re he'lth he' lth c' c're re "& ($ ($(t' (t'in' in'bl ble e <$ <$'li 'lit* t*.: .: Pr Pri#' i#'te te re re(" ("ne nent( nt( 4e 4ere re en en!' !'!e !e '( c"ntr'ct eml"*ee( hire b* G= t" 4"r &"r )IN. Anne Nic"l'* Nic"l'*,, ' el!i'n n'ti"n' n'ti"n'l, l, '(($me the "(t "& )IN Pr">ect ?'n'! ?'n '!er er.. Di Di(' ('!re !reeme ement( nt( e# e#ent ent$' $'ll* ll* 'r 'r"(e "(e be bet4 t4een een Nic Nic"l "l'* '* 'n 'n r ri#' i#'te te re("nent( in m'tter( ($ch '( r""(e ('l'r* '>$(tment(, 'n the c"$r(e Nic" Ni c"l' l'* * 4'( t' t'i in! n! in th the e im iml lem emen ent' t'ti ti"n "n "& )I IN N i i&& &&er eren entt &r &r"m "m he her r reece(("r(. he i($te c$lmin'te in ' (i!ne b* the ri#'te re("nent(, re("nent(, 're((e 're((e t" Nic"l'*, 'n c"ie( &$rni(he "&&ici'l( "& the DO, Philhe'th, 'n the irect"r "& the ?' ?'nil nil' ' "& "&&i &ice ce "& G G=. =. h he e let lette terr r' r'i(e i(e (e# (e#er' er'll i(( i(($e $e(, (, 4h 4hich ich ri ri#' #'te te re("nent( cl'im h' been br"$!ht $ (e#er'l time( in the '(t, b$t h'#e n"t been !i#en 'r"ri'te re("n(e. In re("n(e, Nic"l'* 4r"te e'ch "& the ri#'te re("nent( ' letter, 'll (imil'rl* 4"re e@cet &"r their re(ecti#e 're((ee(. )he in&"rme ri#'te re("nent( th't the* c"$l n" l"n!er &in 'n* re'("n t" (t'* 4ith the r">ect $nle(( ALL "& the(e i(($e( be 're(( 're((e e immei'tel* 'n 'r" 'r"ri'tel* ri'tel* BCner the &"re!"in! remi(e( 'n circ$m(t'nce(, it i( n"4 imer'ti#e th't I 'm t" 'ccet *"$r re(i!n'ti"n, 4hich I e@ect t" recei#e '( (""n '( "((ible. Ne!"ti' Ne!"ti'ti"n ti"n( ( en($e en($e bet4een bet4een ri#'te ri#'te re("n re("nent( ent( 'n Nic"l'* Nic"l'*,, b$t &"r n'$!ht. 'ch "& the ri#'te re("nent( recei#e ' letter &r"m Nic"l'*, in&"rmin! them "& the retermin'ti"n "& their c"ntr'ct( "& eml"*ment "n the !r"$n( "&
:(eri"$( 'n !r"(( in($b"rin'ti"n, 'm"n! "ther(, re($ltin! t" l"(( "& c"n&ience 'n tr$(t.: On 21 A$!$(t 2000, the ri#'te re("nent( &ile ' c"ml'int &"r ille!'l i(mi(('l 4ith the NLR/. N'me '( re("nent( therein 4here G=, the Direct"r "& it( ?'nil' "&&ice 'n( Peter P'$len+, it( A((i(t'nt Pr">ect ?'n'!er /hri(ti'n E'hn, 'n Nic"l'*. On 25 Oct"ber 2005, G=, thr"$!h c"$n(el, &ile ' ?"ti"n t" Di(mi((, "n the !r"$n th't the L'b"r Arbiter h' n" >$ri(icti"n "#er the c'(e, '( it( 'ct( 4ere $nert'en in the i(ch'r!e "& the !"#ernment'l &$ncti"n( 'n ("#erei!n 'ct( "& the G"#ernment "& the %eer'l Re$blic "& Germ'n*. hi( 4'( ""(e b* ri#'te re("nent( 4ith the 'r!$ment( th't G= h' &'ile t" (ec$re ' certi&ic'ti"n th't it 4'( imm$ne &r"m ($it &r"m the De'rtment "& %"rei!n A&&'ir(, 'n th't it 4'( G= 'n n"t the Germ'n !"#ernment 4hich h' imlemente the )IN Pr">ect 'n entere int" the c"ntr'ct( "& eml"*ment. On 2- N"#ember 2000, the L'b"r Arbiter i(($e 'n Orer en*in! the ?"ti"n t" Di(mi((. he Orer cite, 'm"n! "ther(, th't G= 4'( ' ri#'te c"r"r'ti"n 4hich entere int" 'n eml"*ment c"ntr'ct; 'n th't G= h' &'ile t" (ec$re &r"m the D%A ' certi&ic'ti"n '( t" it( il"m'tic (t't$(.
ISSUE hether "r n"t G= en>"*( imm$nit* &r"m ($it. HELD NO. he rincile "& (t'te imm$nit* &r"m ($it, 4hether ' l"c'l (t'te "r ' &"rei!n (t'te, i( re&lecte in )ecti"n 9, Article FI "& the /"n(tit$ti"n, 4hich (t'te( th't :the )t'te m'* n"t be ($e 4ith"$t it( c"n(ent.: /ert'inl*, the mere enterin! int" ' c"ntr'ct b* ' &"rei!n (t'te 4ith ' ri#'te 'rt* c'nn"t be the $ltim'te te(t. )$ch 'n 'ct c'n "nl* be the (t'rt "& the in<$ir*. he l"!ic'l <$e(ti"n i( 4hether the &"rei!n (t'te i( en!'!e in the 'cti#it* in the re!$l'r c"$r(e "& b$(ine((. I& the &"rei!n (t'te i( n"t en!'!e re!$l'rl* in ' b$(ine(( "r tr'e, the 'rtic$l'r 'ct "r tr'n('cti"n m$(t then be te(te b* it( n't$re. I& the 'ct i( in $r($it "& ' ("#erei!n 'cti#it*, "r 'n incient there"&, then it i( 'n 'ct >$re imerii imeri'l '$th"rit*, e(eci'll* 4hen it i( n"t $nert'en &"r !'in "r r"&it. I& the '!enc* i( inc"r"r'te, the te(t "& it( ($'bilit* i( &"$n in it( ch'rter. he (imle r$le i( th't !" !# #$%&' ! !"# *+%" #%-# #, %/0 "+!# !# "$ 1%0'## "+ $/*"!/# !" !# 3!/1. ?$nici'l c"r"r'ti"n(, &"r e@'mle, lie r"#ince( 'n citie(, 're '!encie( "& the )t'te 4hen the* 're en!'!e in !"#ernment'l &$ncti"n( 'n there&"re (h"$l en>"* the ("#erei!n imm$nit* &r"m ($it. Ne#erthele((, the* 're ($b>ect t" ($it e#en in the
er&"rm'nce "& ($ch &$ncti"n( bec'$(e their ch'rter r"#ie( th't the* c'n ($e 'n be ($e. G= it(el& r"#ie( ' m"re hel&$l cl$e, in'#ertentl*, thr"$!h it( "4n "&&ici'l Internet 4eb(ite. hi( (el&e(criti"n "& G= in it( "4n "&&ici'l 4eb(ite !i#e( &$rther c'$(e &"r '$(e in '"tin! etiti"ner(H 'r!$ment th't G= i( entitle t" imm$nit* &r"m ($it bec'$(e it i( :'n imlementin! '!enc*.: he 'b"#e <$"te (t'tement "e( n"t i($te the ch'r'cteri+'ti"n "& G= '( 'n :imlementin! '!enc* "& the %eer'l Re$blic "& Germ'n*,: *et it b"l(ter( the n"ti"n th't '( ' c"m'n* "r!'ni+e $ner ri#'te l'4, it h'( ' le!'l er("n'lit* ineenent "& th't "& the %eer'l Re$blic "& Germ'n*. hi( eci(i"n (h"$l n"t be (een '( e#i'ti"n &r"m the m"re c"mm"n meth""l"!* eml"*e in '(cert'inin! 4hether ' 'rt* en>"*( )t'te imm$nit* &r"m ($it, "ne 4hich &"c$(e( "n the 'rtic$l'r &$ncti"n( e@erci(e b* the 'rt* 'n etermine( 4hether the(e 're r"riet'r* "r ("#erei!n in n't$re. he n't$re "& the 'ct( er&"rme b* the entit* in#"in! imm$nit* rem'in( the m"(t im"rt'nt b'r"meter &"r te(tin! 4hether the ri#ile!e "& )t'te imm$nit* &r"m ($it (h"$l 'l*. At the ('me time, "$r /"n(tit$ti"n (ti$l'te( th't ' )t'te imm$nit* &r"m ($it i( c"niti"n'l "n it( 4ithh"lin! "& c"n(ent; hence, the l'4( 'n circ$m(t'nce( ert'inin! t" the cre'ti"n 'n le!'l er("n'lit* "& 'n in(tr$ment'lit* "r '!enc* in#"in! imm$nit* rem'in rele#'nt. /"n(ent t" be ($e, '( e@hibite in thi( eci(i"n, i( "&ten c"n&erre b* the #er* ('me (t't$te "r !ener'l l'4 cre'tin! the in(tr$ment'lit* "r '!enc*. he /"$rt i( th$( h"l( 'n (" r$le( th't G= c"n(i(tentl* h'( been $n'ble t" e(t'bli(h 4ith ('ti(&'cti"n th't it en>"*( the imm$nit* &r"m ($it !ener'll* en>"*e b* it( 'rent c"$ntr*, the %eer'l Re$blic "& Germ'n*.
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