DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES AGE
PHYSIAL-NEURO
GROSS MOTOR
FINE MOTOR
LANGUAGE
INTERPERSONAL
PLAY
FEEDING
Enjoys watching face of primary care giver (mother), listening to soothing sounds
Root, suck, swallow
SOCIAL
Neonate
One month Two months
Head lag Largely reflex Early crawling movements Dance reflex disappears Closure of posterior fontanels; diminish tonic neck and moro reflex Grasp reflex disappears Absent tonic neck
Reflex grasp
Cry
Prefers human face
Strong extrusion reflex Holds head up when prone; Able to turn from side to side
Follow moving objects
Differential crying, coos
Social smile; smile in mother’s presence
Follows and enjoys bright colored mobiles
Appearance of thump apposition;
Hands held open Follows object past midline Binocular vision Brings hand together
Differential crying Coos and gurgles Laugh audibly
Recognizes the mother
Laughs aloud
Very talkative
Spends time looking at hands or uses them as toy (hand regard) Plays with rattle Needs space to turn
2 hand grasp
Vocalizes displeasure
Sits with support, Hitches, can turn from back to stomach
Hold bottle with 2 hands (palmar grasp)
May say vowel sounds (oh-oh)
Seven months
Bounces feet in mouth Sits for short periods
Transfer objects hand to hand
m-m-m- when crying
Eight months
Sits without support
Three months
Four months Five months
Moro Reflex gone
Six months
Doubles birth weight, dentition
Lift head and chest on prone position Rolls over
Handles rattles well
Extends arms to loved person; early ability to distinguish strangers Cough to get attention, begins fear to strangers
Height of stranger anxiety
Enjoys bathtub toys, rubber ring for teething Transfer object from hand to hand. Likes objects that are good size for transferring Enjoys manipulation, rattles, toys of different textures
Extrusion reflex fades, drools
Attempts to bring lips to cup Anticipates food, begins solid Give iron fortified cereal mixed with breast milk, orange juice or formula begins finger food, self feeding Wt gain 4oz/wk Chews, bites, begins to have good preference Give vegetables Fruits
AGE
PHYSIAL-NEURO
GROSS MOTOR
FINE MOTOR
LANGUAGE
INTERPERSONAL
PLAY
FEEDING
SOCIAL
Nine months
Crawls then creeps; pulls self to standing position with support
Ten months
Moves from prone to sitting, pulls self to standing position; crawls well Cruises, almost ready to walk Walks with support; sits from standing position without assistance
Eleven months Twelve months
Triples birth weight Babinski disappears
15 months
Plateau Stage
Walks alone well; can seat self in chair; can creep upstairs
18 months
Anterior fontanel closes
Sits self on a chair; Can run and jump in place, can walk up and down stairs holding onto a person’s hand and railing. Typically places both feet on one step before advancing
Preference for one hand Pincer grasp- uses thumb and fingers to hold Points to objects; Brings hand together
Puts objects in a container Attempts 2 tower Blocks. Holds cups and spoon well; helps to dress (pushes arms into sleeves)
Put small bottles. Scribbles voluntarily with a pencil or crayon. Holds cups and spoon to bring to mouth Attempts 3 tower block No longer rotates a spoon to bring it to mouth
Combines syllables mama, dada
Cries when scolded
Understands “NO” Responds to own name; vocalize one or two words
Says two words plus mama and papa
Follows directions
Name familiar objects 4-6 words
Vocalizes wants
Uses phrases 7-20 words; uses jargoning names body parts
Smears stool, started on bowel training
Uses thumb and fingers to hold smaller toys Need space for creeping
“Peek -a-a- boo”, “pat a cake” picks up small objects
Drinks from cup, uses spoon but may spill (Egg yolk)
Enjoys several toys, enjoys dropping objects to see where they will go; Likes toys that fit inside each other (pots, pans); nursery rhymes; pull-toys as soon as walking Can stack 2 blocks; enjoys being read to; drops toys for adult adult to recover (exploring a sense of permanence)
Eats with fingers
Has a favorite toy Imitates household chores; dusting etc. Begins parallel play (playing beside not with another child)
Grasp the spoon
AGE
PHYSIAL-NEURO
GROSS MOTOR
FINE MOTOR
LANGUAGE
INTERPERSONAL
PLAY
FEEDING
SOCIAL
2 Years
Terrible twos
Jumps crudely, goes Attempts 5 tower up and down with block, writes vertical both feet on same lines steps Walks up stairs alone Can open doors by still using both feet on turning door knobs, same step at same unscrew lids time Tiptoes, stands on one Piles 7-8 blocks foot Makes simple lines or Can jump down from strokes for crosses chairs with a pencil
2 ½Years
20 temporary teeth
3 Years
Trusting three
4 Years
Furious Four
5 Years
Frustrating Five I can and you can’t stage
Runs skillfully Throws overhand; Skips alternate feet; jumps rope
6 Years
Years of expansion of physical and psychological changes; begins losing temporary teeth; first appearance of first permanent teeth
Clumsy movement because of fatigue Jumps, tumbles, skip and hop
Walks backward Runs; alternates feet on stairs; rides tricycle; stands on one foot; undress without help Jumps and climbs wall Constantly in motion;
Uses scissors, copies circles, unbutton buttons Undress well, stacks tower of blocks; draws cross Copies squares, laces shoes Can do simple buttons Copies triangles, prints letters, draws picture of a 6 part man; ties shoes; dress without help Recognizes and draws all shapes
Uses short sentences 50 words, 2 words sentences (nounpronoun and verb) e.g. Daddy go
Verbal language increasing steadily. Knows full name; can name 1 color and holds up fingers to show age Speak fluently using longer sentences Vocabulary of 900 words
Exaggerates and boast; names colors; vocabulary of 1500 words Talk constantly Vocabulary 2, 100 words
Fixed speech, may use slang, may swear Full sentence; define objects by their use
Helps undress himself, bladder trained at daytime
Parallel play, takes favorite toy to bed
Rides tricycle, throws ball Spends time playing house, imitating parents’ actions Knows family name, sings simple songs, knows own sex; with “imaginary” friends
Pedal well Able to take turns; Very imaginative
Knows how old he is, gender specific behavior
Pretending is major activity
Knows relatives, aunts, uncles cousins; tolerates increasing periods of separation from parents Beginning interest in God; self-centered; show-off, rude; sensitive to criticism
Likes games with numbers or letters; beginning of cooperative play
Feeds self well
AGE
PHYSIAL-NEURO
GROSS MOTOR
FINE MOTOR
LANGUAGE
INTERPERSONAL
PLAY
SOCIAL
7 Years
Assimilative quieting down period
Wiggles loose teeth; able to ride twowheel bike; accurate in jumping
Copies diamond
Tells time in hours; have trouble with concepts of half past and quarter to.
Enjoy teasing, has high standard for family; increasing self-reliance for basic activities;
8 Years
Expansive age. Age of Broadening experience
Smoother movement
Read and write script rather than prints
Counts backwards
Normal homosexual
9 Years
Neither a child nor a youth
Uses both hands independently
Master script writing. Takes care of body needs completely
Tell time correctly Tell “dirty jokes”; “bathroom jokes”
10 Years
Age of special talents
Writes legibly
Reasons using cause and effect
11-12 Years
Pre-adolescent
“hero worship; conflicts between adult authorities and peer group; better behaved; conflict between needs for independence and dependence Well mannered with adults; starts to be more selective when choosing friends Critical of adults, shares secrets with friends; develops beginning of interest in opposite sex; loves conversations; raises pets
Full of energy, constantly active
“select language” Can have adult conversation
Enjoys playing alone Like to use props when playing; plays skip rope “girl and boy games”; likes to collect items; baseball cards, dolls, rocks and marbles Likes table games but hate to lose; rides bicycle well; joins sports like: gymnastic, soccer; hockey, table tennis; Reads comic books; play cards; baseball; basketball; and volleyball;
Involved in group activities; uses telephone Joins organizations like scouting; loves watching tv and play video games;
FEEDING