UNIVERSIDAD TECNICA DE MACHA M ACHALA LA “Calidad Pertinencia y Calidez” D.L. N° 69-04, DE 14 DE ABRIL DE 1969 PROV. DE EL ORO-REP. DEL ECUADOR
UNIDAD ACADEMICA DE CIENCIAS QUIMICAS Y DE LA SALUD TOXICOLOGÍA Profesor: Bioq. Farm. Carlo !ar"#a $%". Alumo: R&'& $ar#( )o(a*+a( Al&a(&r Al&a(&r Curso: /i(*o P!r!lelo: B C!rrer!: Bioq/#mi"a ' Farma"ia "e#$!: $a"+ala, 23 & /(io &l 2016 TEMA: DI"ERENCIAS ENTRE EL ETANOL Y EL METANOL
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L! D%fere#%! E&re El E&!ol Y El Me&!ol A 5&"& la "oa q/& ar&"&( *a( imilar& o( r&alm&(*& m/' i7&r&(*&. E*& E* & & &l "a "ao o "o "o( ( &*a &*a(ol (ol ' m&* m&*a(o a(ol. l. E* E*a a o /*a("i /*a("ia a (o o olam lam&(* &(*& & /&(a( imilar&, &ro i lo o(& &( o 5ao i(&&(i&(*&, *am8i( & 5&r:( 5&r :( i;/al& i;/al&.. %i( &m8ar; &m8ar;o, o, i +i"i&ra +i"i&ra al;o m: "o( "o( &llo, &llo, o i(" i("l/ l/o o i & a"&r a" &r"a "ara ra & &ma mai ia ao o a lo lo 5a 5ao o a8 a8i& i&r* r*o o r ro( o(*o *o 5& 5&r: r: q/ q/& & +a +a' ' al al;/ ;/(a (a i7&r&("ia m/' imor*a(*& &(*r& &l &*a(ol ' &l m&*a(ol ' q/& "o(7/(ir a /(o "o( &l o*ro /&& &r /( &rror 7a*al.
A'!r%e#%! f(s%#! )el e&!ol * me&!ol
E&!ol< E /( l#q/io i("oloro q/& q/& & &*r&maam&(*& 5ol:*il. 5ol:*il. =i& =i&(& (& /( olor
7/&r*&, al q/&mar& q/&mar& ' a /(a 7lama a>/l 8rilla(*&. =am8i( i( & /( l#q/io i("oloro q/& & &*r&maam&(*& 5ol:*il. 5ol:*il. %/ Me&!ol< =am8 olor & i*i(*i5o ' & q/&ma "o( /(a llama 8la("a 8rilla(*&.
Efe#&os "(s%#os )el E&!ol * Me&!ol
E&!ol< E /( i(;r&i&(*& ri("ial &( la 8&8ia al"o+?li"a 7&rm&(*aa ' & &*il *ilaa aa. . %i & i(;i&r&( i(;i&r&( &*a(ol, &*a(ol, "o "om&( m&(>ar >ar: : a &( &(*ir *ir& & &( &*ao &*ao & &m8ria;/& &m8ri a;/&>. >. %?lo &/ &/ & /(a oi ;ra(& ;ra(& /&& &(*ir& &(7&rmo, &(7&rmo,
5omi*ar o &arrollara /(a i(*oi"a"i?( "o( al"o+ol. Me&!ol< N/("a &8& &r i(;&rio, i(+alao o &(*rar &( "o(*a"*o "o( la i&l. I("l/o /(a &q/&@a &q/&@a oi & m&(o & la mi*a & & /(a "/"+arai*a, /&& "a/ar "&;/&ra ' m&(o & "/a*ro o(>a & i&mr& 7a*al.
Usos )el E&!ol * Me&!ol
E&!ol< %& /*ili>a ara "r&ar lo &7&"*o i(*oi"a(*& &("o(*rao &( la 8&8ia 8&8i a al"o+?li"a. al"o+?li"a. =am8i( & /*ili> /*ili>a a "omo /(a 7orma al*&r( al*&r(a*i5a a*i5a & "om8/*i8l& ' a m&(/o & "r&ao a ar*ir & "a@a & a>"ar o &l ma#>. E( lo lo E E*a *ao o U( U(i io o,, al al;/ ;/(o (o a/ a/*o *o & &*: *:( ( i i& &@a @ao o a ara ra / /ar ar "om8/*i8l& & &*a(ol al . =am8i( & &("/&(*ra &( &l "om8/*i8l& & "o+&*&. =i&(& roi&a& roi&a& a(*i*i"a ' & &("o(*rao &( *oalli*a a(*i8a"*&rial& 8a"* &rial& ' ;&l& & ma(o. =am8i( & la 8a& & m/"+ m/"+a a i(*/ra i(*/ra '
&r7/m& orq/& & /( 8/&( iol5&(*&. Me&!ol< %& /*ili>a ri("ialm&(*& ara "r&ar o*ro ro/"*o q/#mi"o *al& "omo 7ormal&+#o 7ormal&+#o.. =am8i( & /( "om8/*i8l& "om8/*i8l& &&a8l& &&a8l& ara a/*o & "arr&ra ' a"ro8a"ia, orq/& & m&(o i(7lama8l& q/& la ;aoli(a ' & /&& /& & aa;ar "o( a;/a. P&q/ P&q/&@a &@a "a(*ia& "a(*ia& & /*ili> /*ili>a( a( ara ro/"ir al"o+ol &(a*/rali>ao ' *am8i( & &("/&(*ra "omo iol5&(*&.
Re!##%oes )el E&!ol * Me&!ol #o el A+u!
E&!ol< %& /&& m&>"lar "o( a;/a, lo q/& i;(i7i"a q/& la o /*a("ia 7:"ilm&(*& & "om8i(a( ara "r&ar /(a ol/"i?( +omo;(&a. Me&!ol< E ol/8l& &( a;/a, lo q/& i;(i7i"a q/& & &"omo(&( &( r&&("ia &l a;/a.
Es!*o )e )%fere#%!#%, )e los !l#o$oles e&(l%#o * me&(l%#oEs!*o )el !#e&!&o- T.#%#!- %& a@a& 1 ml. & :"io /l7ri"o "o("&(*rao a /(a m&>"la & al"o+ol &*#li"o a8ol/*o ' 1 ml. & :"io a"*i"o ;la"ial &( /( */8o & &(a'o. La m&>"la, & "ali&(*a /a5&m&(*& i( ll&;ar a &8/lli"i?( ' &/ & &(7r#a or &8ao & lo 5&i(*& ;rao "&(*#;rao ' & a@a&( ml. & /(a ol/"i?( & al "om( 7r#a. O8r5&& &l olor "ara"*&r#*i"o &l *&r 7ormao< !#e&!&o )e e&%loLa &&ri&("ia & r&i*& "o( al"o+ol &*#li"o /ro ' & o8&r5a &l olor &l a"&*a*o & m&*ilo. %i & *i&(& i(*&r & /&& r&&*ir &l &(a'o "o( al"o+ol am#li"o.
O/ser0!#%,- %& o8*/5o /( l#q/io l #q/io *ra(l"io & olor "ara"*&r#*i"o. Es!*o )el s!l%#%l!&o- T.#%#!- A /(a /(a m&>"la & 1 ml. & al"o+ol m&*#li"o /ro ' /(o /(o 0.2 0.2 ;r. ;r. & :"i :"io o ali ali"# "#li li"o "o & a@a a@a& & 1 ml. ml. & :"i :"io o /l7 /l7r ri" i"o o "o("&(*rao. %& "ali&(*a /a5&m&(*& /ra(*& /(o mi(/*o, &/ & &(7r#a
' & +&"+a la m&>"la o8r& 10 ml. & a;/a 7r#a "o(*&(io &( /( &q/&@o 5ao & r&"ii*ao. O8r5&& &l olor &l ali"ila*o & m&*ilo.
O/ser0!#%,- %& o8*/5o /( r&"ii*ao 8la("o ;&la*i(oo & olor a /(;G&(*o, a;raa8l&.
El *o)o * el $%)r,1%)o )e so)%o !*u)! ! )%fere#%!r el me&!ol * e&!ol me)%!&e u! e1'er%me&!#%,: A@aimo 10 ;o*a & &*a(ol ir&"*am&(*& &( /( */8o a &(a'o ' "olo"amo 10 ;o*a & m&*a(ol a o*ro */8o & &(a'o, l/&;o a@aa 2 ;o*a & 'oo a "aa */8o & &(a'o ' 10 ;o*a & +ir?io & oio a "aa */8o & &(a'o. $o5&r &l */8o & &(a'o "o( /a5ia +a*a q/& la /*a("ia & m&"l&( /(*o, &&rar 2 mi(/*o, l/&;o o8&r5ar lo "am8io &( lo */8o & &(a'o, &l &*a(ol r&*&(r: /( "olor amarill&(*o ' *i&(& /( 7/&r*& olor a(*i*i"o imilar, mi&(*ra q/& &l m&*a(ol & o(r: & ma(i7i&*o /(a 5&> m:.
Co el 2#%)o s!l%#(l%#o * el 2#%)o sulf3r%#o #o#e&r!)o: A@aimo 1ml & m&*a(ol &( /( */8o & &(a'o, l& "olo"amo 1;r & :"io ali"#li"o l/&;o l& a;r&;amo 1ml & :"io /l7ri"o "o("&(*rao, &/ & "ali&(*a li;&ram&(*& a la llama &ar &(7riar ' a@air &a m&>"la &( /( 5ao & r&"ii*a"i?( q/& "o(*i&(& 10ml & a;/a 7r#a, & o8&r5ara q/& & 7orma /(a "o(i*&("ia ;&la*i(oa la "/al (o r&5&la la r&&("ia &l m&*a(ol Da5i, 193.
4I4LIOGRA"ÍA:
Da5i, ). E. 193. Al;/(a r&a""io(& & lo +iro"ar8/ro ' lo al"o+ol& . Manual de laboratorio para química: experimentos y teorías, teorías , 113-120. R&"/&rao &< +**