This document serves as a report should anyone want to duplicate the filtration experiment and compare values from the said report
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Filtration Tutorial This tutorial is designed to enhance knowledge of the purification processes used in in biotechnology. biotechnology. The topics topics covered in this tutorial are meant to provide a succinct overview of microfiltration microfiltration and ultrafiltration ultrafiltration processes. A more in-depth study will be referenced throughout the tutorial. It is recommended that an examination of the references be performed to further explain any of the concepts covered in this brief tutorial.
Overview Types of Filtration Microfiltration
How it works?
Ultrafiltration
How it works?
Microfiltration vs. Ultrafiltration References
Types of Filtration
2 Examples: 1.
Cross Flow
Types of flow images from: http://www.che.utexas.edu/nams/IUPAC/iupac.html
2.
Dead End Flow
Type 1: Cross Filtration
Flow parallel to membrane surface
Does not cause buildup, therefore does not suffer from reduced flow overtime
F = feed; M = membrane; P = permeate; R = retentate (components that do NOT pass through the membrane)
Components in a solution or suspension based on molecular size
Particles size range: 10µm (starches) to aprx. 0.04µm (DNA, Viruses, and globular proteins) Microfiltration image from: http://www.faireymicrofiltrex.com/Vokes%20Mi crofiltration/media/images/e-fluor.gif
Ultrafiltration
Usually used to further separate any contaminants able to pass through the microfiltration membrane using a pressure gradient Ultrafiltration image from: http://www.awatec.ch/produkte/ultrafiltration.jpg
Proteins act as the retentate Images from: http://www.geafil tration.com/html/ technology/ftech nology.html
Microfiltration vs. Ultrafiltration
Microfiltration:
Separates larger particles For example
Colloids Fat globules
Cells
Located upstream to reduce load and fouling capacity on ultrafiltration membrane downstream
Ultrafiltration
Separates smaller particles For example
Macromolecules
However, processes are basically identical
References
[1] Case Study Solution - Facility Design for Antigenic Co- proteins (2003). CHE 451. NCSU [2] Grandison, A. S. & Lewis, M. J. (Eds.). (1996) Separation Processes in the Food and Biotechnology Industries . Woodhead Publishing. Retrieved November 30, 2003 from Knovel Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Database. [3] Zeman, L. J. & Zydney, A. L. (1996) Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration: Principles and Applications. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc. Available via NCSU libraries as an eBook