UNIVERSIDAD DE GUANAJUATO DIVISIÓN DE INGENIERÍAS FISICOQUÍMICA EJERCICIOS PARA SEMINARIO 1. Cinco Cinco gramo gramo !" "#ano "#ano " "nc$"n "nc$"n#ran #ran !"n#ro !"n#ro !" !" $n %raco %raco "&&a!o "&&a!o !" 1 !m' !" ca(aci!a!. E& %raco " #an !)*i& +$" " rom("r, i &a (r"i-n o*r"(aa 1 MPa. A +$) #"m("ra#$ra a&can/ar, &a (r"i-n !"& ga "& 0a&or !" ro#$ra !"& %raco 2. Un gran ci&in!r ci&in!ro o (ara (ara a&mac" a&mac"nar nar ga" ga" com(rim com(rimi!o i!o 3"n" 3"n" $n 0o&$m"n 0o&$m"n a(ro4 a(ro4ima ima!o !o !" 5.565 5.565 m'. Si "& ga " a&mac"na a $na (r"i-n !" 16 MPa a '55 7 c$,n#o mo&" !" ga con3"n" "& ci&in!ro C$,& "r8a &a maa !" o48g"no "n $n ci&in!ro !" "#a na#$ra&"/a '. Coni! Coni!)r )r"" "" $na $na m"/c&a m"/c&a !" ga" ga" "n $n %raco %raco !" 2 !m' a 29 :C. Para ca!a m"/c&a ca&c$&" &a (r"i-n (arcia& !" ca!a ga; &a (r"i-n #o#a& < &a com(oici-n !" &a m$"#ra "n (orc"n#a=" mo&ar. a> 1 g !" ?2 < 1 g !" O 2 c> 1 g !" N2 < 1 g !" O 2 *> c> 1 g !" C?@ < 1 g !" N? ' !> 1 g !" ?2 < 1 g !" C& 2 @. a (r"i-n (r"i-n #o#a& !" $na $na m"/c&a m"/c&a !" o48g"no o48g"no " Bi!r-g"no Bi!r-g"no " 1.55 a#m. a#m. a m"/c&a m"/c&a " inc"n!ia inc"n!ia < "& ag$a %orma!a %orma!a " "(ara. E& ga r"#an#" " Bi!r-g"no ($ro < "="rc" $na (r"i-n !" 5.@5 a#m a &a mima con!icion" !" &a m"/c&a origina&. C$,& "ra &a com(oici-n origina& !" &a m"/c&a "n (orc"n#a=" mo&ar 6. Una m"/c&a m"/c&a !" ni#r-g"n ni#r-g"no o < 0a(or 0a(or !" ag$a " in#ro!$c" in#ro!$c" "n $n %raco %raco +$" con3"n" con3"n" $n ag"n#" ag"n#" "can#" "can#" -&i!o. -&i!o. Inm"!ia#am"n#" !"($) !" &a in#ro!$cci-n; &a m"/c&a "n "& %raco " !" 95 #orr. D"($) !" 0aria Bora; &a (r"i-n a&can/a "& 0a&or "#acionario !" 9@6 #orr. A> Ca&c$&" &a com(oici-n; "n (orc"n#a=" mo&ar; !" &a m"/c&a origina&. > Si "& "4("rim"n#o " r"a&i/a a 25 :C < &a maa !"& ag"n#" "can#" a$m"n#a 5.165 g C$,& " "& 0o&$m"n !"& %raco E& 0o&$m"n oc$(a!o (or "& ag"n#" "can#" ($"!" ignorar"> . S" ana&i/a $na $na m"/c&a !" !" o48g"no " Bi!r-g"no Bi!r-g"no (a,n!o&a (a,n!o&a (or -4i!o -4i!o !" co*r" II> II> ca&i"n#" ca&i"n#" < a #ra0) #ra0) !" $n #$*o !" "ca!o. E& Bi!r-g"no r"!$c" "& -4i!o !" co*r" II> "gn &a ig$i"n#" "c$aci-n CuO + H 2 →Cu + H 2 O
E& o48g"no r"o4i!a "& co*r" %orma!o Cu+
1 2
O2 →CuO
155.5 cm' !" &a m"/c&a a 26 :C < 965 #orr (ro!$c"n
[email protected] cm ' !" o48g"no "co; m"!i!o a 26 :C < 965 #orr !"($) !" $ (ao (or "& -4i!o !" co*r" II> < "& ag"n#" "can#". C$,& " &a com(oici-n !" &a m"/c&a origina& "n (orc"n#a=" mo&ar 9. Una m$"#ra m$"#ra !" "#ano "#ano " +$"ma "n $n 0o&$m"n 0o&$m"n !" air" air" #a&; +$" con3"n" con3"n" "& !o*&" !o*&" !"& o48g"no o48g"no n"c"ario n"c"ario (ara (ara &a com*$3-n com(&"#a !"& "#ano. D"($) !" +$" "& "#ano " +$"ma c$,& " &a com(oici-n; "n (orc"n#a=" mo&ar; !" &a m"/c&a ga"oa S$(-nga" +$" #o!a "& ag$a (r""n#" "#, "n %a" !" 0a(or < +$" "& air" con3"n" 9H !" ni#r-g"no; 21 !" o48g"no < 1 !" arg-n. H. Una m"/c&a m"/c&a !" ga" ga" "#, "#, com($"# com($"#aa (or "#ano "#ano < *$#ano. *$#ano. S" &&"na &&"na $n ma#ra/ ma#ra/ !" 255.5 cm' con &a m"/c&a a $na (r"i-n !" 155.5 Pa a 25 :C. Si &a maa !"& ga "n "& ma#ra/ " 5.'H@ g; C$,& " "& (orc"n#a=" (orc"n#a=" mo&ar !"& *$#ano "n &a m"/c&a
K. Un ma#ra/ ma#ra/ !" 1'H.' 1'H.' m& con3"n" con3"n" 5.K@ 5.K@ % !" ga a 96.2 96.2 #orr < 155 :C. :C. C$,& " " &a maa mo&ar mo&ar !"& ga ga 15. Por "&"c#r-&i "&"c#r-&ii i !" $na !io&$ci-n !io&$ci-n !" a&m$"ra a&m$"ra " o*3"n" "n "& c,#o!o c,#o!o $an m"/c&a !" ga" +$" con3"n" con3"n" &a ig$i"n#" com(oici-n "n maa C& 2 9; r2 2H < O2 6. A> Ca&c$&" &a com(oici-n !" &a m"/c&a "n (orc"n#a=" "n 0o&$m"n. > Ca&c$&" &a !"ni!a! !" &a m"/c&a "n gL 11. Una m"/c&a m"/c&a !" amoniaco amoniaco < air" a 9'5 mm?g < '5 :C con3"n" '5 !" amoniaco amoniaco "n 0o&$m"n. 0o&$m"n. a m"/c&a m"/c&a (aa a ' $na 0"&oci!a! !" 155 m L min a #ra0) !" $na #orr" !" a*orci-n "n &a +$" o&o " "4#ra" amoniaco. o ga" a&"n !" &a #orr" a $na (r"i-n !" 926 mm?g < 25 :C < con3"n"n 5.56 !" amoniaco "n 0o&$m"n. A> D"#"rmin" &a 0"&oci!a! !" $=o !" &a m"/c&a +$" a&" !" &a #orr" "n m 'Lmin. > Ca&c$&" &a maa !" amoniaco a*or*i!o "n &a #orr" (or min$#o. 12. S" !""a con#r$ir con#r$ir $n Borno (ara +$"mar co+$" co+$" a $na 0"&oci!a! 0"&oci!a! !" 255 gLB. E& co+$" con3"n" con3"n" HK.1 !" car*ono < 15.K !" c"ni/a. a "ci"ncia !" &a (arri&&a !"& Borno " #a& +$" +$"ma "& K5 !"& car*ono (r""n#" "n &a carga !" co+$". S" $mini#ra air" " "4c"o !"& '5 !"& n"c"ario (ara &a com*$3-n com(&"#a !" #o!o "& car*ono !" &a carga. S" $(on" +$" "& K9 !"& car*ono " o4i!a a !i-4i!o !" car*ono < "& r"#o %orma mon-4i!o !" car*ono. A> D"#"rmin" &a com(oici-n; "n 0o&$m"n; !" &o ga" !" cBim"n"a +$" a&"n !"& Borno. > Si &o ga" !" cBim"n"a a*an!onan "& Borno a 2K5 :C < 9@' mm?g; !"#"rmin" &a 0"&oci!a! !" $=o !" &o ga" "n m'Lmin (ara &a c$a& !"*" con#r$ir" "& #$*o !" cBim"n"a. 1'. Un $*(ro!$c#o !" $n Borno !" co+$" co+$" (ro(orciona (ro(orciona $n mi&&-n !" m"#ro c*ico c*ico !" ga !" B$&&a (or Bora; +$" con3"n" &a ig$i"n#" com(oici-n "n 0o&$m"n *"nc"no 6; #o&$"no 6; m"#ano @5; mon-4i!o !" car*ono 9; Bi!r-g"no '6; !i-4i!o !" car*ono 6 < ni#r-g"no '. E& ga a&" !"& Borno a 1.@ a#m < 'K@ :C. D"($) !" "n%riar" a 'H :C "& *"nc"no < "& #o&$"no " "(aran com(&"#am"n#" com(&"#am"n#" (or a*orci-n. A> D"#"rmin" &a maa mo&ar (rom"!io !"& ga !" B$&&a +$" a&" !"& Borno < !"& r"ci(i"n#" !" a*orci-n. > Ca&c$&" &a com(oici-n "n 0o&$m"n !"& ga +$" a&" !"& r"ci(i"n#" !" a*orci-n. C> D"#"rmin" &a maa !" *"nc"no < #o&$"no a*or*i!o. 1@. Una m"/c&a ga"oa ga"oa con3"n" &a ig$i"n#" com(oici-n com(oici-n "n maa !" CO; H !" ni#r-g"no; ni#r-g"no; 11 !" !i-4i!o !" car*ono < 1@ !" m"#ano. A> E4(r"ar &a com(oici-n !" "#a m"/c&a "n (orc"n#a=" "n 0o&$m"n < $ %racci-n mo&ar > ca&c$&ar &a maa mo&"c$&ar (rom"!io !" &a m"/c&a. 16. Un gramo !" o48g"no o48g"no "co oc$(a 5.955 a 5 :C < 1 a#m; +$) 0o&$m"n 0o&$m"n oc$(ar8a i " r"co&"c#ar r"co&"c#araa "n ag$a a 2@ :C < 92 #orr a (r"i-n !" 0a(or !"& ag$a a 2@ :C " 22.@ #orr 1. Un m)#o!o (ara &a o*#"nci-n com"rcia& com"rcia& !" c&oro " (or "&"c#r-&ii "&"c#r-&ii !" c&or$ro !" o!io %$n!i!o "gn a ig$i"n#" ig$i"n#" "c$aci-n 2 NaCl → 2 Na + C l 2
C$,n#o &i#ro !" c&oro; c&oro; m"!i!o a 29 :C < 1 a#m " ($"!"n (ro!$cir a (ar3r !" 952 g !" c&or$ro !" o!io 19. Un com($"#o com($"#o +$" con3"n" o&am"n# o&am"n#"" *oro *oro " Bi!r-g"no Bi!r-g"no r"acciona r"acciona (or com(&"# com(&"#o o con $n "4c"o "4c"o !" ag$a (ro!$ci"n!o '5.K mg !" ? 'O' < '5.2 m& !" Bi!r-g"no "co m"!i!o a 22 :C < 9'5 #orr. C$,& " &a %-rm$&a m8nima !"& com($"#o 1H. C$an!o C$an!o " 0i"r#" 0i"r#" ag$a a $na m"/c&a m"/c&a !" &o -&i!o A&; NaNO NaNO' < NaO? " %orman amoniaco < NaA&O?> @. Si &a m"/c&a !" -&i!o con3"n" 1 mo& !" ca!a $no < " agr"gar ag$a "n "4c"o; c$,n#o &i#ro !" amoniaco a 26 :C < 1 a#m " ($"!"n o*#"n"r
1K. Una m$"#ra m$"#ra !" 155 mg !" $n m"#a& m"#a& M> ($ro " ($o "n con#ac#o con#ac#o con $n "4c"o "4c"o !" ,ci!o ,ci!o $&%rico $&%rico !i&$i!o (ro!$ci"n!o 26 m& !" Bi!r-g"no r"co&"c#a!o "n ag$a a 22 :C < 1 a#m. E& m"#a& " o4i!- +$"!an!o "n $ %orma M'. a (r"i-n !" 0a(or !"& ag$a a 22 :C " 25 #orr. C$,& " "& 8m*o&o +$8mico !"& m"#a& M 25. Una m$"#ra !" ("rmangana#o ("rmangana#o !" (o#aio " !"com($o com(&"#am"n# com(&"#am"n#" " (or ca&"n#ami"n#o ca&"n#ami"n#o (ro!$ci"n!o KK.2 m& !" o48g"no r"co&"c#a!o o*r" ag$a 22 :C < 966 #orr. a (r"i-n !" 0a(or !" ag$a a 22 :C " 25 #orr. C$,n#o gramo !" ("rmangana#o !" (o#aio con#"n8a &a m$"#ra origina& 21. Un ci"r#o ga 3"n" 3"n" $na !"ni!a! !" 1.K gL a 26 :C < 1 a#m. C$,& " &a maa mo&ar mo&ar !"& ga