FAMOUS BUILDING TANJUNG TUAN, PORD DICKSON
BASIC TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Tanjung Tanjung Tuan lighthouse is a tower, building, or other type of structure designed to emit light from a system of lamps and lenses, and to serve as a navigational aid for maritime pilots at sea or on inland waterways. Lighthouses mark dangerous coastlines, hazardous shoals, reefs, and safe e ntries to harbors, and can assist in aerial navigation. Once widely used, the number of operational lighthouses has declined due to the epense of maintenance and use of electronic navigational systems.
!O"#$% &O%'T$(&T)O% The modern era of lighthouses began at the turn of the 1*th century, as lighthouse construction boomed in lockstep with burgeoning levels of transatlantic commerce. +dvances in structural engineering and new and efficient lighting euipment allowed for the creation of larger and more powerful lighthouses, including ones e posed to the sea. The function of lighthouses shifted toward the provision of a visible warning against shipping hazards, such as rocks or reefs.
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"#')% +%" LO&+T)O% The current lighthouse consist of a -/ 0 metre 234 high circular tower with circular tower with a lantern and gallery, and additional double story keeper5s house at the base , both constructed of masonry and white washed .+n additional tower completed in 1336 was constructed using reinforced concrete and holds a !#+'+T radar, designed to monitor ship traffic in the 'trait of !alacca and aid in co mmunications, at the top of the 'tructure. The lighthouse is entirely based on a fort 0 like foundation. The lighthouse is located on a summit at Tanjung Tuan roughly 166 meters inland, and is enclosed within woodland, which makes the lighthouse5s location an area for bird watching . +ccess to the lighthouse is largely restricted to travel by foot, with the immediate site accessible only via two stairwells a spiral staircase with 2- steps and a stone staircase behind the lighthouse, the latter serving as an easier access point to be the lighthouse.
L)7T7O('# &O%'T$(&T)O% T89#' 9olitics,need,cost,location,and geography of the site, as well as technology available at the time of construction influenced lighthouse designs, :efore the mid;nineteenth century, lighthouse construction technology reuired solid rock or other stable foundation soils.Lighthouse Tanjung Tuan were made from a varienty of materials include wood,stone,brick,reinforced concrete,iron,stell,and cliffs.The lantern was typically constructed of cast iron ,round,suare and surrounded by a stone. +ccess to the lantern room was via stone which either wound around a central column or spiraled along the interior sides of the tower walls.
L)7T7O('# T#&7%OLO8 9O<#$ )n a lighthouse, the source of light is called the =lamp= whether electric or fueled by oil4 and the concentration of the light is by the =lens= or =optic=. Originally lit by open fires and later candles, the +rgand hollow wick lamp and parabolic reflector were introduced in the late 1*th century. erosene became popular in the 1*26s and electricity and carbide acetylene gas4 began replacing kerosene around the turn of the -6th century. &arbide was promoted by the "al?n light which automatically lit the lamp at nightfall and etinguished it at dawn.
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L#%' :efore modern strobe lights, lenses were used to concentrate the light from a continuous source. Aertical light rays of the lamp are redirected into a horizontal plane, and horizontally the light is focused into one or a few directions at a time, with the light beam swept around. +s a result, in addition to seeing the side of the light beam, the light is directly visible from greater distances, and with an identifying light characteristic.This concentration of light is accomplished with a rotating lens assembly. )n early lighthouses, the light source was a kerosene lamp or, earlier, an animal or vegetable oil +rgand lamp, and the lenses rotated by a weight driven clockwork assembly wound by lighthouse keepers, sometimes as often as every two hours. The lens assembly sometimes floated in liuid mercury to reduce friction. )n more modern lighthouses, electric lights and motor drives were used, generally powered by diesel electric generators. These also supplied electricity for the lighthouse keepers.#fficiently concentrating the light from a large omnidirectional light source reuires a very large diameter lens. This would reuire a very thick and heavy lens if a conventional lens were used. The Bresnel lens pronounced Cfreɪˈnɛ lC4 focused *DE of a lampFs light versus the -6E focused with the parabolic reflectors of the time.
)ts design enabled construction of lenses of large size and short focal length without the weight and volume of material in conventional lens designs.Bresnel lighthouse lenses are ranked by order, a measure of refracting power, with a first order lens being the largest, most powerful and epensiveG and a sith order lens being the smallest.The order is based on the focal length of the lens. + first order lens has the longest focal length, with the sith being the shortest. &oastal lighthouses generally use first, second, or third order lenses, while harbor lights and beacons use fourth, fifth, or sith order lenses.'ome lighthouses, such as those at &ape $ace, %ewfoundland, and !akapuu 9oint, 7awaii, used a more powerful hyperradiant Bresnel lensmanufactured by the firm of &hance :rothers.)n recent times, many Bresnel lenses have been replaced by rotating aerobeacons which reuire less maintenance. )n modern automated lighthouses, this system of rotating lenses is often replaced by a high intensity light that emits brief omnidirectional flashes concentrating the light in time rather than direction4. These lights are similar to obstruction lights used to warn aircraft of tall structures. $ecent innovations are =Aega Lights=, and initial eperiments with light;emitting diode L#"4 panels.
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L)7T &7+$+&T#$)'T)&' Light characteristic )n any of these designs an observer, rather than seeing a continuous weak light, sees a brighter light during short time intervals. These instants of bright light are arranged to create a light characteristic or, pattern specific to a lighthouse. Bor eample, the Lighthouse flashes are alternately -.D and 2.D seconds. 'ome lights have sectors of a particular color usually formed by colored panes in the lantern4 to distinguish safe water areas from dangerous shoals. !odern lighthouses often have uniue reflectors transponders so the radar signature of the light is also uniue.
TYPE OF SOIL TANJUNG TUAN
The type of soil Tanjung Tuan is )n terms of classification of mineral soil from the land of the 7ill, the hill has a second set of roup 1 consists of soil on top of igneous and metamorphic rocks and 'ediment rock of high grade.
)%#O(' $O&>' )gneous rocks occur as a result of cooling and solidification of magma in the earthFs crust. This stone is usually in the form of crystals, not layered and contains no fossils. )gneous rock can be classified based on the contents of metal materials in it. )f the rock contains more silica stone was then classified as acid rock. +s granite, igneous rocks of acid is not compact and has faded from rock bass. $ock bass are more compact and darker in color because many contain oides of bases, such as iron, aluminum and magnesium. )n terms of original creation, igneous rocks can be classified into two types, namelyH l. )gneous rocks 9lutonic or intrusives ; This stone is igneous rock that occurs at the bottom of the crust. The liuid cooling and freezing occurs slowly. Therefore there was a rough crystals are easily recognized. 'tone sweet in this, for instance granite, diorite and gabbro eposed at the #arthFs surface as a result of the gondola and erosion. -. 'tone Aolcano or breakthrough ; rock volcano is liuid rock that has been flowing out of the volcano as lava. This lava solidifies uickly at the earthFs surface and the resulting crystals shaped fine.
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Aolcanic rock or stone outside the usual sweet there is a stone basol. &ontinental basol stone produces lava, lava cover and high land lava. 9atchy freezing basol stone with an unusual way and produce the towers of stone. 9art of it may be molten lava flows out through cracks. !olten lava then solidifies in the form of a vertical dykes and sills are flat. !ost of the igneous rock solid hard again. :ecause of igneous rock that is usually solved to use the roads, monuments and headstones are engraved.
!#T+!O$97)& $O&>' !etamorphic rock is rock that has undergone physical and chemical changes due to heat and very high pressure. 9hysical and chemical changes which meant it was the change in teture, structure and mineral composition of rocks. !etamorphic rock may have come from igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic rock to another. The temperature reuired for the entry into force metamorfisma process is between 166 I & to *66 I &. +t this temperature condition is still soft rock. )n this delicate situation, the rock can change terms of its mineral composition. )n mineral crystals also can be changed in size and shape. $ock composition can also be changed as a result of a chemical reaction. 'trong pressure may be flat or choke the crystal length.
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DIAGRAM OF SOIL
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DIAGRAM OF LIGHTHOUSE
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