Grivas Method Middlegames Strategy

Efstratios Grivas

GRIVAS METHOD MIDDLEGAME STR STRA ATE TEGIES GIES

Chess Evolution

Cover designer Piotr Pielach

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First edition edit ion �� by Chess Evolution Grivas method. Middlegame strategies Copyright Copyrig ht © �� Chess Evolution All rights reserved. No part o this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any orm or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission o the publisher.

�� -��-��-��-�

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

KEY TO SYMBOLS .........................................................................................................� INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................� EDITORIAL PREFACE ................................................................................................ � BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................�� SURVEYS ON MIDDLEGAME STRATEGY ....................................................... ��

A Backward Problem ....................................................................................................�� Domination .................................................................................................................. �� Initiative .........................................................................................................................�� Preparation ................................................................................................................... �� Queen Exchange ...........................................................................................................�� Te Bad Bishop .............................................................................................................�� Te Capablanca Manoeuvre ...................................................................................... �� Te Forepost ..................................................................................................................�� Te Hungarian Knight-our .....................................................................................�� Te Royal Centre ........................................................................................................ �� Te Super�uous Knight ..............................................................................................�� Weak Square .................................................................................................................�� Te buried bishop ........................................................................................................�� Underdevelopment ......................................................................................................�� Unortunate bishop .................................................................................................... �� SURVEYS ON TACTICS ........................................................................................... ��

Attack via the Edge Files ........................................................................................... �� Boden’s Mate ............................................................................................................... �� Castled Death .............................................................................................................. �� Fierce Queen ................................................................................................................�� Lethal Diagonals ..........................................................................................................�� Long-term Sacri�ces ..................................................................................................�� New York Queen Sac ...................................................................................................�� Te G-point Check ..................................................................................................... �� Te Pony Express ........................................................................................................�� Te Smothered Mate ..................................................................................................�� win Games ................................................................................................................ �� CURRICULUM VITAE............................................................................................ ��

KEY TO SYMBOLS

= 

Equality or equal chances White has a slight advantage



Black has a slight advantage



White is better



Black is better

+-+ 

White has a decisive advantage Black has a decisive advantage unclear



with compensation



with counterplay



with initiative



with an attack



with the idea



only move

N ! !! ? ?? !? ?! + #

novelty a good move an excellent move a weak move a blunder an interesing move a dubious move check mate

INTRODUCTION

Dear Reader, A responsible chess trainer is ‘destined’ to analyse, prepare and teach his/her trainees the plain truth and the difficult paths to chess excellence. Well, this is easier said than done, but o course nothing is really as diffi cult as it sometimes appears. When the responsible trainer knows what to do and how to do it, things get simpler and can be more easily absorbed by the trainee! And rom time-totime the responsible trainer should reveal his work and his ways o teaching. Te book that you are holding in your hands is a kind o continuation o my previous work named ‘Chess Analytics’ (English language — Russell Enterprises Inc, ��); a work that was also translated into Italian and Spanish. Te basic concept is simple but quite effective: various sur-veys on all aspects o the game, covering and explaining unrevealed or poorly explained ideas and paths. In the present book by ‘Chess Evolution’, a total o �� concepts are deeply analysed. Well, noth-ing really too difficult, as the modern author has at his disposal powerul databases, tablebases, analysed material, books and — by adding his knowledge — you will get what you are looking or! oday we have shorter time-controls and there isn’t really enough time to dig into the subtleties o each ending. You have to know and to repeat knowledge; don’t be carried away by the usual myth o the ‘chess talent’. As I have repeatedly written and proved, ‘talent is the excuse o the ailed’. ‘Unortunately’, the modern chess player is entitled and orced to work more than his predeces-sors. Te modern chess trainer also needs to prepare more delicate themes, understand them and then teach them to his students. So, there is plenty o room or everything and or everybody who is thirsty or knowledge. Knowledge is the key word. And knowledge is absorbed sub-consciously; it is impossible to re-member everything you study. So, it is highly important to

work with good material and good trainers in order to improve towards the Chess Olympus. Nowadays the help o the Silicon Monster (chess analysis engines) is quite valuable, as it can save an author countless hours o analysis and checking. But stil l the role o the quali�ed trainer remains important; he knows where the truth is — he knows what to keep and what to throw away… I do not want to hold a ‘high nose’ and claim that everything I have written is perect and completely sound; I always think o the surprise actor and I just try to write honestly and with responsibility. Have a nice reading journey! Estratios Grivas Athens, ��

EDITORIAL PREFACE

For a chess book to be instructive and inormative, it would help a lot i these actors are present; that the author possesses the gif, the passion and love or the game and at one point in time, he is or was a competitive chessplayer - preerably a grandmaster. And it would also be to his advantage i he has previous experience in writing, and is or was actively involved in training and conducting chess seminars and lectures. All o these elements are wonderul o course, but more is required rom the author to ensure success. He must work hard in collating pertinent chess materials to substantiate his thoughts and ideas. In order to best illustrate and appreciate the theme that he is introducing, the author needs to compile instructive games o the great masters or rom average players. Even better is or the author to include those games he won and lost - as long as it perta ins to the subject being tackled. As the saying goes, it is the player himsel who knows best about the intricacies and turn o events that occurred in his games. It is bene�cial to provide a ‘label or name’ to the motis the author is presenting, in order to help the reader recall the concept when it appears in his own actual games. Appropriate title descriptions o concepts is a good guide or readers to better understand its objective and how to achieve it. Likewise, providing a ‘conclusion’ at the end o each method is crucial in aiding the reader to completely discern what the author is trying to transmit and to impart. Te author becomes effective when he is not stingy in sharing his ideas. He must have a child-like attitude wherein he is very eager, proud and generous in passing on to the readers all his knowledge and understanding accumulated through many years o competing. And it would be impressive i he is also experienced in chess writing and teaching. Most authors are ocused on emphasizing the importance o knowing and understanding basic and general principles to achieve success. However, readers must be constantly reminded and enlightened that exceptions to the rules or out o the box concepts are essential as well. A good example here is the ‘Te Bad Bishop’ perception which Estratios propounds in his excellent book ‘Gri vas Method - Middlegame Strategies’.

When all these ingredients mentioned above are present - and you augment it with spicy tidbits about great players, composers, anecdotes, recollections, puzzles, memorable events etc. - then a complete recipe or a good, yummy and worth-reading chess book is served. And this book is it. Eugene orre, ��

BIBLIOGRAPHY

�. Advanced Chess School: Volumes �-�; Estratios Grivas; FIDE ��-�� . British Chess Magazine; Various Contributors; BCM ��-�� . Chess Analytics: raining with a Grandmaster; Estratios Grivas; Russel Enterprises �� . Chess College �: Strategy; Estratios Grivas; Gambit �� . Chess College �: Pawn Play; Estratios Grivas; Gambit �� . Chess College �: echnique; Estratios Grivas; Gambit �� . Chess Curiosities; im Krabbe; Allen & Unwin Ltd �� . Chess Expertise Step by Step. Volume �: Unexpected actics; Estratios Grivas; Chessbase �� . Chess Expertise Step by Step. Volume �: Mastering Strategy; Estratios Gri vas; Chessbase �� . Chess or igers; Simon Webb; Oxord University Press �� . Chess oday (Internet Newspaper); Alexander Baburin; ��-�� . ChessBase Mega Database; Various Contributors; ChessBase �� . Inormator; Various Contributors; Inormator ��-�� . Learn rom the Legends; Mihail Marin; Quality Chess �� . My System; Aaron Nimzowitsch; Hays Publications �� . New In Chess (Magazine & Yearbook); Various Contributors; Interchess BV ��-�� . Secrets o Modern Chess Strategy; John Watson; Gambit �� . Te Middlegame; Euwe / Kramer; Hays Publications �� . Wikipedia — Various Articles; Wikipedia �� Te above sources were my main help and guide while writing this book. I would like to thank the (rest) o the authors or their contributions to chess literature and the chance they gave to all chess players to become better. Wikipedia was quite helpul too!

SURVEYS ON MIDDLEGAME STRATEGY

A BACKWARD PROBLEM

Modern backward pawns are not considered as bad as, let’s say, �� years ago. Modern approaches and methods are very much concerned with the so-called ‘activity’ measure. As long as the possessor o a backward pawn can preserve an elastic and potentially- active position, his de�cit is not that important, as the opposing side cannot ‘concentrate’ on it. A good strategy is to exchange pieces, preserving only those that could be useul in pressuring the backward pawn. In this case, the backward pawn side will hardly �nd any activity, while passivity is something that they will have to live with! Well, this o course doesn’t guarantee a win, but mostly a pleasant, nondangerous, middlegame or endgame. Let’s examine some cases with a backward black d-pawn:

▷ ▶

Karpov Anatoly Gheorghiu Florin Moscow ��

�.c� c� �. f�  f� �.c� e� �.g� b� �.  g�  b� �.�-�  e� �.d� cxd� �. xd� d� �.b� �-� ��.  d�  bd� ��.  b� a�

r+ q w r tk+ � +l+nv lpz pp � pz p p zps n + � + + + + � +Pw Q + + � +Ps N +Nz P � Pv L +Pz PLz P � t R +R+ m K

�

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

��. e�!? An interesting set-up. White plans to play  d� and then get his queen on the diagonal. ��... b� Not bad, but more ‘logical’ is ��...c� ��. d�  xg� ��. xg�  e� ��. g�  � ��.  ac�  ac� ��. e�  xe� ��.  xe�  b� ��.a�+= imman,JLobron,E Brussels ��.

14

GRIVAS METHOD: MIDDLEGAME STRATEGIES

��.d�  xg� ��...e� ��.h�  xg� ��. xg� b�+ ��. g�  ab� ��.  ac�  e�, as in Anelli,A-Szmetan,J Buenos Aires ��, seems to be more accurate. ��. xg� b�+ Te text allows White a pleasant endgame and I eel that Black should go or something like ��... e� ��.�  b� ��. d�  d� ��.e� d� ��.exd� exd� ��. e�+= Rubinetti,J-Szmetan,J Quilmes ��. ��.f�! xf�+ ��. xf�  fc� ��.d�  ab� ��.  ac�

t rr+ +k+ � + +nv lpz pp � pz p p zps n + � + + + + � +Ps N + + � +Ps N + P z � Pv L +Pz PKz P � + R tR+ +

�

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

��.f�  f� ��. f�  b� Logical was ��... �! when White should avoid ��.e�? dxe� ��. xe�+ e� ��.  a�!  bc� ��.ce�! ime or regrouping! ��... c� ��.  d� g� ��. c�  g� ��.e�! Te direct ��.g�?! ails to ��...g�!=

+r+n+k+ � + r t +pv l � pz p p zp+pz p � + n s + + � +P+Pz P + � LP+ v N sKz P � P+ R tN+ P z � + R t + + �

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

��...f�?! Te text doesn’t add anything to Black’s cause. More logical was ��... b� ��.h� h� ��.g� hxg�+ ��.hxg�+=

Exchanging queens simply means that there will be less tactics on the board, which emphasises permanent weaknesses, such as the backward black d-pawn. O course White has just a slight (but nearly permanent) advantage, and Black is airly still in the game.

��.exf� gxf� ��.h�! h� ��.  g�! Preparing an assault on the kingside.

��...h� ��.e� e�?! A passive retreat. ��...e� is more to the point.

��.g�! hxg�+ ��.hxg� fxg�+ ��.  xg� f� ��. g�

��...  f� Another passive approach. Black needs to become active, so ��...b� was essential: ��.g� hxg�+ ��.hxg� xg�+ ��.  xg� bxc� ��.bxc�+=


+r+nm k + � + + +rv l � pz p p zp+ + � + n s + + � +P+ P zR+ � LP+ v N sKs N � P+ R t + + � + + + + �

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

��...a� ��... e�!? looked better and surprisingly allows Black to stay in the game: ��.  g�  � ��.  x�  x� ��.b� (��. e�+!? ex� ��. x�+ � ��.  xd� � ��. xg� xg� ��.  xb�+=) ��... cd� ��.b� e� (��...c� ��. e� � ��.�+=) ��. e�  c� ��.  xc� dxc� ��. e�+= ��.  g� e�?!

+r+n+ + � + + k mrv l � p p z zp+R+ � z p n s + + � +P+ P z + � LP+ v N sKs N � P+ R t + + � + + + + �

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

15

��.f�!  f� ��...ex� loses to ��.  d�+ d� ��. xb�. ��.  xf�  xf� ��. e�!  f�?! Although not pleasant, Black had to opt or ��...e� ��.  xc� bxc� ��.  h� a� ��.e�

+ + r t + � + + k m l v � p p z zps n + � z p n s +P+ � +P+ + + � LP+ v N sKs N � P+ +R+ + � + + + + �

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

��.  xc�! Decisive, and better than ��.xe�?!  xe� ��.e�+ d� ��.  xe� xe� ��. xg�+ d� ��. �� ��...bxc� ��...dxc� ��.xe�  g�+ ��. e�+ e� ��.e�+��.fxe� xe� ��... g�+ ��.e�+ e� ��.e�  � ��. e�+-

h

But this is really bad. Also unsatisactory was ��...  �?! ��.  xg�! xg� (��... xg� ��.  xd�) ��. h�+ g� ��. x� x� ��.  h� or ��... c�?! ��.  d� (��.  h� c� ��.�) ��... e� ��.  xc� dxc� ��.e� d� ��.� but good was ��...  e�! ��. g�  g�! ��.xe�  x� ��. e�+=

��.ef�+ e� ��. xe� O course bad was ��.  xe�?  x�+ ��. g�  e�= but ��.  xe�+  e� ��.  e�  x�+ ��. x�  x� ��. e�+- was also winning. �-�

16 ▷ ▶


Suba Mihai Nicholson John Malaga ��

�.c�  f� �. f� c� �.c� e� �.g� b� �.  g�  b� �.�-�  e� �.d� cxd� �. xd� d�

rs n q wk+ r t � z pl+ l vpz pp � z p p zps n + � + + + + � +Pw Q + + � + N s +Nz P � Pz P +Pz PLz P � t R L v +Rm K

�

a

b

c

d

s nq+k+ r t � t r + l vpz pp � pz p p zp+ + � + + + + � +Ps N + + � + N sQ+ P z � Pz P +Pz PKz P � + +R+R+

�

e

f

g

h

A well-known position in the popular ‘Hedgehog’ set-up. �.  g� In general I like White’s potential set-up. Exchanges that will support the centre and avoid a uture ...b� or ...d� advances. �...a� ��.  xf�  xf� ��. d� ��. � was chosen by M.Carlsen: ��...�-� ��.  d�  e� ��. e�  xe� ��. xe�  a� ��. d�+= Carlsen,MGashimov,V Wijk aan Zee ��. ��...  a� ��.  ad� e� ��.d� Another idea is ��.  e� �-� ��. e�  a� ��.  d�  d� ��.  d�+= Korchnoi,V-Atlas,V Ptuj ��. ��...  xg� ��. xg� c�

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

��.f� A quite interesting idea, aiming at weakening e� or gaining the d�square. ��...c� ��...  c�?! ails to ��.�! e� (��...c� ��. xc�  xc� ��.xe� xe� ��.e�) ��. b�  xc� ��. d�  d� ��.�  Nikolic,P-Ribli,Z Novi Sad ��. ��.  f� �-� ��. xc� xc� ��.f� c� ��.b�

+ + r tk+ � + r t l vpz pp � pz pqz pp+ + � + + +P+ � +P+ + + � +Ps NQ+Rz P � P+ +P+Kz P � + +R+ +

�

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

��...  b� Worse is ��...  d�?! ��.xe� xe� ��. e� d� ��.cxd� exd� ��.b�! (��. d�?! d� ��. e� b� Freisler,P-


Panchenko,A Berlin ��) ��...  cd� ��. xd� ��.a� White must stop ...b�. ��...  bb� ��.e�  be�? A aulty tactical ‘solution’. Te alternative was ��... d� ��.h�+= ��.fxe�  f� ��. e� White gets the advantage anyway, but he should seriously consider here: ��.ex�+  x� ��. �  or ��. d�  xe� ��. xb�  xe�+ ��.  �  x�+ ��.x�  ��... xe� ��. xe�  xe� ��. xf�+ gxf� ��. f�

+ + r tk+ � + + +p+p � pz p p zrz p + � + + + + � P+P+ + + � +P+ +Rz P � + +Pm K P z � + +R+ + �

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

White has much the better ending, as Black is ull o weak pawns. ��...  fe� ��. d� f� ��.  fd� e� ��. d�!  g� ��.a� Creating a urther weakness!

17

��.  xd�  xa� ��. d�+ e�?! Black doesn’t like passivity, but sometimes it is the only solution. Black had to opt or ��... � ��. d�+ (��.  a� g� ��. dd�  � ��. db�) ��...  xd� ��.  xd�+ e� ��.  b�  �+ ��. e� b� ��.  b�+ e� ��.  a� ��.  a� Even better was ��.g�!  c� ��. �d�+ e� ��. �+��...  a�?! ��...  �+ ��. e�  e�+ ��. d� a� ��.  ad�, was the only chance. ��. e�+! Winning material. ��... f� ��.  xf� g� ��.  ee�  b� ��.  g�+ f�

t r + + + � + + R t R tp � pz p + p z + � + + +k+ � +P+ + + � +P+ + z P � r +Pm t K P z � + + + +

�

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

��. f�! And a mating net is created! ��...  xb�+ ��.e� h� ��.h� �-�

��...  b� ��.  �d� e� Black couldn’t stand the passive ��... bxa� ��.  xa�  a�

h

18 ▷ ▶


Tiviakov Sergei Anand Viswanathan Baden Baden ��

�.e� c� �. f� d� �.  b�+ d� �.d� cxd� �. xd� a� �.  xd�+  xd� �.c� e� �.d� h� �.c�  f� ��.�-� e� ��.a� Also possible is ��.  d�  c� ��.b�  c� ��.a� �-� ��.  a�+= Fressinet,LKolbus,D Germany ��.

r+ q wk+ r t � +p+lv lpz p � p+ p z n s p z � + + p z + � P+P+P+ + � + N sQ+N+ � P + P z zPz P � t R L v +Rm K

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+lw qk+ r t � + +rv lpz p � pz p p z n s p z � + + p z + � P+P+P+ + � LPs v NQ+N+ � + + P zPz P � t R +R+ K m �

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��...b� A highly dubious choice according to S.iviakov. ��.b�  a� Another try is ��... c� ��.  a�  a� ��.d�  xd� ��.cxd� d� ��.d� b� ��.axb�  xb� ��. c�+= Gdanski,JKoch,J Arnhem ��. ��. d� c� ��. a� d� A backward pawn position — typical o the ‘Sicilian Deence’ — is on the board. But this is quite unpleasant or Black, and while he is in no immediate danger, nor does he have any active prospects.

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��.d� White is heading his knight to d� ( d�-�-e�); typical o such pawn structures. ��...�-� ��. f�  b� ��. e�  e� ��. cd�  xd� ��. xd�  xd� ��. xd�

+ q wr+k+ � + +rv lpz p � pz p p z + p z � + +Qz p + � P+P+P+ + � LP+ v + + � + + P zPz P � t R +R+ K m �

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White has exchanged many pieces, but the ones lef are all quite useul to him, so he holds a nice advantage. ��... a� ��. xa�  xa� ��.  d� f� ��.  ad�  ad� ��.g�! Another typical idea in such positions. White cannot win by just pressing one weakness; Black will deend it. He needs to create urther weak-


nesses in other part o the board and start moving his pieces around them. Tis is what we call the ‘Rule o the wo Weaknesses’! ��...g� ��.f�

+ r t +k+ � + +rv l + � pz p p z p z p z � + +Rz p p z � P+P+Pz P + � LP+ v + P z � + + + P z � + +R+ K m �

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��. c�! Te bishop will attack both d� and h� rom the excellent �-square. ��... c� ��.  xf�  f� ��.h�! Another excellent and typical idea. argets must be �xed, so will h�! Also, a strong outpost will be created on g�. ��...  c� ��.h�  b� ��.  e�  b� ��. d� c� ��.  g�  g� ��.  g�  f� ��. e� And White wins material... ��... d�?

t r + + + � + +r+ v l � pz p p zkz pRz p � + +R+ +P � P+P+P+ + � +P+ L vK+ � + + + + � + + + +

�

��...gxf�? Black’s last not only doesn’t solve any o his problems, but it opens up the g-�le or White. Black’s serious lack o space and mobility means that he cannot switch rom one side to the next as quickly as his opponent. Had he lef it to White to exchange, then it would have been the -�le opened, and it would be ar easier to keep control o both.

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Missing a shot that White also missed with the time-control approaching.

��.gxf� f� ��. f� exf� ��. f� e�

+ r t + + � + +rv l + � pz p p zkz p p z � + +R+ + � P+P+Pz p + � LP+ v +K+ � + + + P z � + +R+ + �

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��.  f�?! Te spectacular ��.e�! would have won on the spot, but ortunately or the Dutch GM, this does not squander the win: ��... � (��...dxe� ��.  xd� xd� ��.  xg�++-) ��.ex�  � (��...  x�? ��.  �!) ��.  xh� and the end is near. ��...  f� ��. g�  f� ��.  xh�  xh� ��.  xh�  g�+ ��. f�!

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��.  g�? would be a blunder: ��...  xg�+ ��.hxg�  g� ��. h�  h�+ ��.g�  g�= ��...  f� ��.a�! Opening up urther weaknesses to overwhelm Black’s pieces. ��...  g� ��...bxa� is no help: ��.e�! dxe�+ ��.  xe�+! � ��.  �! e� ��.  xa�  a� ��.  e�+ � ��.  �+��.axb�  b� ��.b�  xb�

+ + r t + � +P+ + + � p+ p zkz p R t � + + +R+P � +P+Pm K + � +r+ + + � + + + + � + + + +

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��.e�! dxe�+ ��.  xe�+ d� ��.  f� e� ��.  h� d� ��. d�! Black resigned due to ��...  xd� ��.cxd�+ xd� ��. � c� ��.h�. �-� CONCLUSION

Selective exchanges help the pressure against a backward pawn. Its possessor should certainly try to avoid them.

DOMINATION Chess is a game o domination. From our very �rst moves we try to dominate the opponent, the development, the centre, the pieces’ placement and so on. We try to get better positions than our opponent and in the end to cash in the ull point by precise, dominating play. Complete domination means that we can nearly do what we like and that our opponent is helpless, no matter how hard he is trying! Well, that’s too good to be realised in every game, but rom time-to-time we might be able to achieve complete domination! Domination is the dream o every chess player. He would love to be able to play simultaneously in every part o the board and simply be better everywhere. Tis might happen sometimes; no counterplay by our opponent — nothing to ear. Dominated actors can be met in every stage o the game, even pawnless endgames! We will start with some studies o the amous chess composer Genrikh Kasparyan, but �rstly I eel that we should know a bit more about him. Genrikh Kasparyan (�� February �� in bilisi — �� December �� in Yerevan) is considered to have been one o the greatest composers o chess endgame studies. Outside Armenia, he is better known by the Russian version o his name


Genrikh Moiseyevich Kasparyan or Kasparian. Genrikh Kasparyan became a national master in �� and an international master in ��. He was awarded the titles o International Judge o Chess Compositions in �� and International Grandmaster o Chess Composition in ��, the �rst composer to receive this title rom FIDE. Genrikh Kasparyan was also an active chess player, winning the Armenian championship ten times (rom �� to ��, including two ties with uture World Champion igran Petrosian) and the i�is championship three times (��, ��, and ��). He reached the USSR Championship �nals our times (��, ��, �� and ��), but never �nished higher than tenth place. Genrikh Kasparyan is best known or his compositions. He started with chess problems, mainly three-movers, but soon discovered that his best �eld was in endgame studies. He wrote several books and collections and composed about �� studies, many on the theme o domination, winning �� rst prizes. He won the USSR Composing Championship several times.

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Study � Kasparian Genrikh �� 

+ + r t k m � + + + +q � + + + + � + + + + � + + + + � + + + + � +Qt R + + � + +K+ +

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Te material is so limited and most players would think that the draw is near. But here the side to move dominates the game and it is White’s turn! �. b�+! Nothing else works. �. c�+? ails to impress afer �... g�! �. h�+ h�! (�... g�? �.  g�+-) �. c�+ g� �.  h�+ g� �.c�+  �!= Te main concept o the queen’s movement is to co-operate with her rook in certain variations. �...g� �... g� loses to �.  g�+ � �. b�+. �.  h�+ g� �.a�+! White’s queen operates harmoniously rom the � nd rank! �...f� �...  � �.  g�+- is a sad story... �. g�+! g� �. d�+ f� Again �...  � loses to �.  g�.

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�.  g�+ h� �. e�+! and White mates! �... h� �... h� �. e�+ ; �... � �.h�+. �. e�+  h� ��.xh�# �-�

�.  h�+

 h�+

+ + r t k m � + + q wr+ � + + + + � + + + + � +Q+ + + � t R + + + � + + +K+ � t R + + +

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�... g� �... g�+ loses to �. xg�+  xg� �.  a�+. �.  g�+  g� �. b�+! f� I �...  �, then �.  a�+  h� �.b�++-


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�. c�+! As in the previous study, the queen should co-operate with her rook on the same rank, so wrong would be �. d�+? g�=

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+ + r tk+ � + + +qt r � + + + + � + + + + � + + + + � +Q+ + R t � + + +K+ � t R + + +

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Adding an extra rook or both sides makes the right to the �rst move even more important; domination is in sight... �.  h�+! �.  h�+? offers nothing afer �...  h� �.  xh�+ (�. d�+ g� �.  g�+  g�=) �... xh�! (�...  xh�? �.  h�+ g� �. d�+  � �.  g�+ � �. a�+!+-) �.  h�  �+! �. g�  �+= �...  h� �... g� loses to �.  g�! and next moving the king to the h-�le!

�.  a�! xb� Nothing is changed by �...  xg�+ �.xg�++�.  gxg�+  h� �.  h�+  g� �.  ag�# �-�

O course domination is easier when material is increased.



�...f� Afer �...  b� White wins by �.  a�  b�+ �. �  b�+ �. g�! � �.  x�+ x� �. g� e� ��. c�.

+ + r tk+ � + +R+ + � Rz P + r t + � + + + + � + + p z + � + + + + � + + +K+ � + + + + �

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Here the � th rank domination by the white rooks is rather important. Te white king is more �exible and this actor leads to the win. �.  aa�! Full domination! �...f�+ �. f�! White must be careul, as wrong would be �. �?  h�! �.b� � �.  g�+ h� �.  �  h�+! �. g� �+ �.  x�  hx� �.b�   xb� �. x�= �...  g� �...  h� now loses to �.b�! (�.  g�+? h� �.b�  h�+ �. e�  e�+ �. d�  d�+=) �...  h�+ �. g�! (�. e�?  b�! �.  a� �=) �...� (�...  g�+ �. h� � �.b�  �  �. b�+ h� �.  h�#; �...  b� �.  a�) �.  g�+ h� �.  �!+�.b�  g�+ �. f�! Precise! Again �. e�? doesn’t help: �...  e�+ �. d�  b� �.  g�+  h� �.  h�+ g�.

+ + r tk+ � t RP+R+ + � + + + + � + + + + � + + + + � + + + + � + + p zr+ � + + +K+

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�.  f�!! Not only the only winning but also the only not losing move! �...  b� �.  a�! �. c�  �! �... xf� �.  xb�  g�+ �. xf�  b� And now the usual endgame trick: �.  h�!  xb� ��.  h�+ e� ��.  xb� �-�

Grivas Method Middlegames Strategy

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