Handout OB Midterms

TSG! DOG^G CL K@ASLHGOD@ D@OOLBL FAD! Kgoegdga/ Klvdg|gvga/ N|ogdga

ADK 79> Bvald`o`bfd

A|~tfab  

Slo! A`! % 933& 86<+>6+25

Y^LBAGADV FAC\DLC EVYL^SLATF@A +alr g~sl~fgo evyl~slatf`a ghsl~ >9rjt G@B Lsf`o`bv+ |aja`ra + Luy`t|~l s` de`~f`afd xfoof/ fkk|a`o`bfd/ blalsfd ( lac`d~fal hgds`~t! ^ftj Hgds`~t + a|oofb~gxfcg/ gc`oltdladl/ 4< ( |y/ k|osfb~gxfct rfse k|osfyol bltsgsf`a/ EYA/ CK/ ~lago cftlgtl Gttlttklas 7! S~gatflas EYA r` y~`slfa|~fg `~ lclkg >! Y~lldogkytfg/ kfoc — + 73969 kkEb `~ fad~lgtl `h 497< kkEb + >* s` 4* y~`slfa|~fg + nlbfat ygts >9se rjt + tofbes gag}g~dg/ rlfbes bgfa >! Y~lldogkytfg/ tlxl~l — + 7<9+789779 kkEb + *3 y~`slfa|~fg + elgcgdel/ lyfbgts~fd ygfa/ lus~lkl f~~fsgnfofsv f~~fsgnfofsv + evyl~~lholufg + ELOOY tvac~`kl S~gdl ; <+>9 kbcO *7 ; 49 kbcO 4! Ldogkytfg — *> ; 799 kbcO + evyl~slatf`a *4 ; 499 kbcO + y~`slfa|~fg *3 ; 1 >999 kbcO + d`ax|otf`a + d`kg 3! Y`ts clofxl~v — + CFD — k`afs`~ NY h`~ 35e/ gasfd`gb|ogas sel~gyv 8! A` y~f`~ fadfcladl Cfgba`tlt — + Gosl~lc sftt|l yl~h|tf`a + Ja`rolcbl ( d`kyofgadl clhfdfst + ^ftj `h fam|~v + Gauflsv ( y`rl~olttaltt Kbs= 7! Y~lldogkytfg/ kfoc Ze`kl[ + nlc~lts/ olhs ogsl~go y`t + cfls + Rlfbe cgfov/ jlly cgfov o`b + cfxl~tf`at + t|yy`~s tvtslkt >! Y~lldogkytfg/ tlxl~l Zfa e`tyfsgo[ + nlc~lts + XT/ HES + F@ + tlf}|~l y~ldg|sf`a + klct 4! ldogkytfg Z`ntsls~fd lkl~bladv[ + kgfasgfa ygslas FX ofal/ k`afs`~ F@ + kfafkf}l tsfk|of + egxl gf~rgv ( @> gxgfognol + y~lyg~l h`~ y`ttfnol clofxl~v + K`afs`~ hlsgo tsgs|t

Kfcsl~k Yl~f`c + No``c svyl ( ukgsde + Y`tsyg~s|k — XT/ tlf}|~l y~ldg|sf`at EVYL^LKLTFT B^GXFCG^\K + Tlxl~l ag|tlg gac`~ x`kfsfab + Kgvnl c|l s` ↗EDB/ ↗Lt ( Y~/ ↔bgts~fd k`sfofsv/ fkk|al ~lty`atl s` de`~f`afd xfoof ( s` ‟h`~lfba‛ hls|t D`kyofdgsf`at — clevc~gsf`a/ jls`tft + A|s~fsf`ago + Gdfc+ngtl fkngogadl + Gosl~lc tlatl `h sgtsl + Hlsgo cfts~ltt/ cftlgtl/ CK/ ytvde`o`bfd cft`~cl~t Cu= + ~|ol `|s n|ofkfg + EDB klgt|~lklas + ~|ol `|s `sel~ dg|tl ZGY/ bgts~fsft/ elygsfsft/ fahldsf`a[  Su= + gasflklsfdt/ evc~gsf`a/ evc~gsf`a/ nogac cfls/ lgsfab nlh`~l g~ftfab/ bfabl~ gol h`~ ag|tlg! LDS@YFD Y^LBAGADFLT + gav lus~g|sl~fal lus~g|sl~fal bltsgsf`a + kgm`~ dg|tl `h kgsl~ago k`~sgofsv Lsf`o`bv + Ts~|ds|~go hgds`~t + H|adsf`ago hgds`~t TTu= + gnc`kfago ygfa + Tdgasv/ cg~j/ xgbfago ty`ssfab + Gnc`kfago slacl~altt Cu= + d|oc`td`yv / |os~gt`|ac Kbs= y~ltl~xgsf`a `h kgsl~ago ~lk`xgo

ofhl/ `h y~lbagadv ( ~ld`ats~|dsf`a `h s|nl fh y`ttfnol!

Acu= + ho|fc x`o|kl clhfdfs + Ygfa + Gauflsv ~s |adl~sgfasv

A|~tfab Kbs= + Ho|fc ~lyogdlklas/ XT + No``c svyfab ( ukgsde + ^loflxl ygfa gac gauflsv + Nlc ~lts/ elgose lc|dgsf`a  luyldsgsf`a tlssfab  ADK 79> BVALD@O@BFD A\^TFAB NV EG^OV T! TGNGSL^/ ^A >996

TSG! DOG^G CL K@ASLHGOD@ D@OOLBL FAD! Kgoegdga/ Klvdg|gvga/ N|ogdga

ADK 79> Bvald`o`bfd

A|~tfab  

Slo! A`! % 933& 86<+>6+25

Kfcsl~k Yl~f`c

BLTSGSF@AGO SE^@YE@NOGTSFD CFTLGTL + Evcgsfcfh`~k k`ol  k`og~ y~lbagadv + hls|t kgv `~ kgv a`s nl y~ltlas

AKbs= k`afs`~ ys h`~ y~lkgs|~l ogn`~ + gx`fc yevtfdgo gdsfxfsv h`~ 4+
Lsf`o`bv= + |aja`ra/ kgvnl blalsfdt TTu= + h|ac|t og~bl h`~ bltsgsf`ago bltsgsf`ago gbl + nollcfab/ YFE + ygttgbl `h xltfdolt fa xgbfag

D`kyofdgsf`at= + dl~xfdgo cvts`dfg + fahldsf`a + Y^@K + y~lkgs|~l ogn`~

Cu=+ |os~gt`|ac + YFE nlh`~l >9rjt + EDB tsgs|t + xltfdolt ZEDB[ Kbs= + lxgd|gsf`a `h sel k`ol + hh|y h`~ kgofbagas degablt AKbs= + XT lty NY + no``c svyfab ( ukgsde + y~lyg~l gs olgts >+3 |afst + cld~lgtl gauflsv + gx`fc y~lbagadv h`~ 7 v~

FAD@KYLSLAS DL^XFU + s`` rlgj s` tsgv do`tl c|~fab g y~lbagadv! + kgm`~ dg|tl `h > ac s~fkltsl~ y~lbagadv o`tt + y~lkgs|~l `ylafab r` ogn`~ `~ d`as~gdsf`a Cu= + kga|go lugkfagsf`a + t`a`b~gyev Z1 >!9kk[ + h|aaloofab ^ftjt= + CLT + Dl~xfdgo s~g|kg + D`ablafsgo + \sl~fal ga`kgoflt A`s lofbfnol fh= + evyl~f~~fsgnfofsv evyl~f~~fsgnfofsv `h dl~xfu + Ngnv egt go~lgcv cflc + 1 3dk cfogslc + Rgsl~ ft n~`jla Kdc`agoc Dl~dogbl — y|~tl tsfsdefab/ |yyl~ yg~s `h  dl~xfu Tef~`cjg~ Dl~dogbl — k`~l sldeafdgo/ yl~kgalas

TY@ASGAL@\T GN@^SF@A +lsf`o`bv |aja`ra + <9, blalsfdt ^ftjt= + fad`kylslas dl~xfu + sl~gs`blat + y`tskgs|~l tyl~k`xg TTu= + cg~j ty`ssfab olgcfab s` h~gaj nollcfab Dogttfhfdgsf`a= g! se~lgslalc — xgbfago nollcfab `~ ty`ssfab/ kfoc d~gkyt/ slacl~altt `xl~ |sl~|t/ dl~xfu tofbesov cfogslc Zxgbfago lugkfagsf`a/ nlc ~lts/ ygc d`|as[ n! falxfsgnol — y~`h|tl nollcfab/ klkn~galt ~|ys|~lc/ dl~xfu cfogslc/ ygfah|o |sl~fal d`as~gdsf`a Z lkn~v` clofxl~lc/ C(D[ d! egnfs|go — ty`asgal`|t gn`~sf`a `h 4 `~ k`~l sfklt ZC(D/ su `h dg|tlt/ ~|ol `|s gna`~kgofsflt/ gna`~kgofsflt/ dl~dogbl[ c! fad`kyolsl — hls|t luyloolc/ yogdlasg ( klkn~galt ~lsgfalc ZC(D[ l! kfttlc — hls|t cflt fa |sl~` n|s ~lsgfalc/ kgdl~gsf`a/ kgdl~gsf`a/ a` tvkys`kt `h gn`~sf`a n|s y~lbagadv ~lb~lttf`a tvkys`kt y~ltlas lb |sl~fal tf}l ( n~lgts degablt Z ~lgo+sfkl |os~gt`|ac s` clsl~kfal fh hls|t ft clgc/ `uvs`dfa fac|dsf`a h`~ ogn`~[  ADK 79> BVALD@O@BFD A\^TFAB NV EG^OV T! TGNGSL^/ ^A >996

TSG! DOG^G CL K@ASLHGOD@ D@OOLBL FAD! Kgoegdga/ Klvdg|gvga/ N|ogdga

ADK 79> Bvald`o`bfd

A|~tfab  

Slo! A`! % 933& 86<+>6+25

Kfcsl~k Yl~f`c

Blal~go AKbs= + kgfasgfa ho|fc ngogadl + c` a`s bfxl hgotl ~lgtt|~gadl ~lgtt|~gadl + fh gn`~s|t ft fasgds/ goo`r yg~last s` xflr fh  cltf~lc + fats~|ds `a yl~falgo dg~l +k`afs`~ h`~ fahldsf`a + no``c svyfab ( ukgsde

GN^\YSF@ YOGDLASG + y~lkgs|~l tlyg~gsf`a `h yogdlasg

YOGDLASG Y^LXFG + o`r ovfab yogdlasg + kgv d`xl~ dl~xfdgo `t TTu= + ygfaoltt xgbfago xgbfago nollcfab Cu= + |os~gt`|ac rfoo te`r o`dgsf`a `h yogdlasg Gttlttklas= + clsl~kfal gk`|as ( svyl `h nollcfab + k`afs`~ kgsl~ago ( hlsgo XT + faw|f~l y~ltladl `h ygfa + ygoygsl h`~ d`as~gdsf`a + lxgo|gsl elkgs`o`bfd ogn cgsg AKbs= + k`afs`~ ESd/ EBn + ltsgnofte ( kgfasgfa FX OFAL + tfcl ovfab y`tfsf`a + no``c svyfab ( ukgsde + DN^ r` NY + fats~|ds `a yl~falgo dg~l

 Sr` Svylt+ d`adlgolc elk`~~egbl ( lusl~ago elk`~~egbl ^ftjt= + EYA/ te`~s |knfofdgo d`~c/ s|k`~/ |sl~fal ga`kgov/ god`e`o d`at|kysf`a TTu= 7!D`adlgolc= a` tfbat `h nollcfab/ XT degablt `dd|~t >! Lusl~ago= xftfnol elk`~~egbl `dd|~t 4! hlsgo E^ c~`yt 3! gnc`kfago ygfa y~ltlas Cu= |os~gt`|ac Kbs= y~ltl~xl kgsl~ago gac hlsgo ofhl fh y`ttfnol AKbs= + clsl~kfal gk`|as gac svyl `h nollcfab/ y~ltladl `h ygfa/ klgt|~l h|acgo es s` clslds d`adlgolc nollcfab/

 ADK 79> BVALD@O@BFD A\^TFAB NV EG^OV T! TGNGSL^/ ^A >996