• Replaced the &ational Land Settlement Administration :&LSA; with the Land Settlement Development *orporation :LAS6D6*-; which too3 over the responsi!ilities of the Agricultural 8achinery 69uipment *orporation and the Rice and *orn /roduction Administration • *reated the Land Settlement Development *orporation :LAS6D6*-; on -cto!er <', 5=$% to accelerate the resettlement program which was launched shortly !efore >orld >ar 00 D.
RAMON DF. MAGSAYSAY (1953195'"
Repu!lic Act &o 554% :&ARRA Law; ) An Act to +urther 0mplement the +ree Distri!ution of Agricultural Lands of the /u!lic Domain as /rovided for 0n *ommonwealth Act &um!ered Si2 ?undred and &inety-ne, As Amended, to A!olish the Land Settlement and Development *orporation *reated @nder 62ecutive -rder &um!ered Three ?undred and +ifty+ive, Dated -cto!er TwentyThree, &ineteen ?undred and +ifty, and to *reate in 0ts /lace the &ational Resettlement and Reha!ilitation Administration, and for -ther /urposes • A!olished the Land Settlement Development *orporation :LAS6D6*-; and created in its place the &ational Resettlement and Reha!ilitation Administration :&ARRA; • The &ARRA was esta!lished in order to hasten free distri!ution of agricultural lands of the pu!lic domain to landless tenants and farmwor3ers • 0t was particularly aimed at the peasant !ase of the ?@. movement :?u3!o ng Bayan La!an sa ?apon 7
[email protected]?A/; • 0t was successful in attracting farmersturnedre!els to a peaceful life !y giving them homelots and farms in &ARRA settlements in /alawan and in some parts of 8indanao Repu!lic Act &o 55== :Agricultural Tenancy Act of 5=$(; ) An Act to overn the Relations Between Landholders and Tenants of Agricultural Lands :Leasehold and Share Tenancy; • The first land reform law which regulated all forms and aspects of tenure relations, e2cept civil lease • 0t gave share tenants the right to shift to leasehold where they pay landowners a fi2ed rental instead of a varia!le share
• This law also provided security of tenure to tenants !y prohi!iting the ejectment of tenants unless the *ourt of Agrarian Relations found just cause • The law also allowed the purchase or e2propriation of private lands to !e su!divided and resold to tenants at cost • This law created the *ourt of Agrarian Relations :*AR; Repu!lic Act &o 5(%% :Land Reform Act of 5=$$; ) An Act Defining a Land Tenure /olicy, /roviding for An 0nstrumentality to *arry -ut the /olicy, and Appropriating +unds for 0ts 0mplementation • /rovided for the ac9uisition of large tenanted rice and corn lands over '%% hectares if owned !y individuals and 4%% hectares, if owned !y corporations :ie, it provided for retention limits of '%% hectares and 4%% hectares, respectively; • Also 3nown as "Land to the Landless /rogram", it sought to 5 reduce large landholdings and consolidate smaller, uneconomic holdings into plots of ade9uate si#esC < resettle tenants in areas where land was a!undantC ' provide ade9uate credit facilities for small landholdersC ( reduce rental and interest rates in order to provide security for those who would remain tenantsC $ secure land titles for small holdersC and 4 reform the property ta2 structure E.
DIOSDADO P. MACAPAGAL (19%119%5"
Repu!lic Act &o '(( :Agricultural Land Reform *odeE*ode of Agrarian Reforms; ) An Act to -rdain the Agricultural Land Reform *ode and to 0nstitute Land Reforms in the /hilippines, 0ncluding the A!olition of Tenancy and the *hanneling of *apital 0nto 0ndustry, /rovide for the &ecessary 0mplementing Agencies, Appropriate +unds Therefor and for -ther /urposes • Aimed to ma3e the farmers owners of the land they tilled • 0t lowered the retention limit from '%% to 1$ hectares
• This *ode a!olished share tenancy and instituted the leasehold system • 0nvested rights of preemption and redemption for tenant farmers • 0nstitutionali#ed a judicial system of agrarian cases • 0ncorporated e2tension, mar3eting and supervised credit system of services to farmer !eneficiaries • -ne of the lawFs !asic o!jectives was to esta!lish ownercultivatorship and the economic familysi#ed farm as the !asis of /hilippine agriculture and as a conse9uence, divert landlord capital in agriculture to industrial development • This law created the Land Authority headed !y a overnor :under the control and supervision of the /resident; for its implementation and to carry out the aforementioned !asic o!jective • 0t incorporated some of the features of previous land reform laws • The *ode e2empted coverage of plantation crops which were deemed too important as e2port earners that time F.
FERDINAND E. MARCOS (19%519&%"
Repu!lic Act &o 4'= ) An Act Amending Repu!lic Act &um!ered Thirty 6ight ?undred and +orty+our, As Amended, -therwise .nown as the Agricultural Land Reform *ode, and for -ther /urposes; • Significantly amended several provisions of Repu!lic Act &o '(( • *reated the Department of Agrarian Reform, a separate administrative agency for agrarian reform, replacing the Land Authority • 0nstituted the *ode of Agrarian Reforms /residential Decree &o < :/roclaiming the 6ntire *ountry as a Land Reform Area; • /laced the whole country under land reform program /residential Decree &o <1 :Decreeing the 6mancipation of Tenants from the Bondage of the Soil, Transferring to Them the -wnership of the Land They Till and /roviding the 0nstruments and 8echanism Therefor;
• Restricted land reform scope to tenanted rice and corn lands • 0t provided for tenanted lands devoted to rice and corn to pass in ownership to the tenants who wor3ed the properties • 0t lowered the ceiling for landholdings to 1 hectares • Share tenants who wor3ed from a landholding of over 1 hectares could purchase the land they tilled, while share tenants on land less than 1 hectares would !ecome leaseholders • At the time of land transfer, *ertificates of Land Transfer :*LTs; were issued to the new owners and when payments were completed, 6mancipation /atents :6/s; were granted • Before !eing given a *LT, a !eneficiary must join an agrarian reform cooperative or the Samahang &ayon :S&; G.
CORAZON C. AQUINO (19&%199"
5=1 *onstitution :Article 00, Section <5; ) "The State shall promote comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform" /roclamation 5'5 :0nstituting a *omprehensive Agrarian Reform /rogram; • 0nstituted the *AR/ as a major program of the government • 0t provided for a special fund 3nown as the Agrarian Reform +und :AR+; in the amount of $% Billion /esos to cover the estimated cost of the program for the period 5=15==< • 0t covers all agricultural lands regardless of tenurial arrangement and commodity produced, all pu!lic and private agricultural lands, including other lands of the pu!lic domain suita!le to agriculture 62ecutive -rder &o <<= :/roviding the 8echanism for the 0mplementation of the *omprehensive Agrarian Reform /rogram; • /rovided the mechanisms for *AR/Fs implementation such as administrative procedures and mechanics for land registration, private land ac9uisition, and compensation procedures to landowners • 0t also specified the composition and functions of the governing entities that will coordinate and supervise the implementation of the program
62ecutive -rder &o 5<=A :8odifying 62ecutive -rder &o 5<=, Reorgani#ing and Strengthening the Department of Agrarian Reform /rogram and for -ther /urposes; • /rovided for the strengthening of the DAR as the lead agency responsi!le for the implementation of *AR/ • Reorgani#ed, streamlined and e2panded power and operation of DAR 62ecutive -rder &o << :Declaring +ull Land -wnership to Gualified +armer Beneficiaries *overed !y /residential Decree &o <1C Determining the Halue of Remaining @nvalued Rice and *orn Lands Su!ject to /D &o <1C and /roviding for the 8anner of /ayment !y the +armer Beneficiary and 8ode of *ompensation to the Landowner; • Declared full landownership to 9ualified farmer!eneficiaries covered !y /D &o <1 • Determined the value of remaining unvalued rice and corn land su!ject to /D &o <1 • /rovided for the manner of payment !y the +B and mode of compensation to the landowner Repu!lic Act &o 44$1 :*omprehensive Agrarian Reform Law; ) An Act 0nstituting A *omprehensive Agrarian Reform /rogram to /romote Social Iustice and 0ndustriali#ation, /roviding the 8echanism for 0ts 0mplementation, and for -ther /urposes; • /ursuant to Section (, Article J000 of the 5=1 *onstitution, it underta3es an agrarian reform program founded on the right of farmers and regular farmwor3ers, who are landless, to own directly or collectively the lands they till or, in the case of other farmwor3ers, to receive a just share of the fruits thereof • 0t covers, regardless of tenurial arrangement and commodity produced, all pu!lic and private agricultural lands as provided in /roclamation &o 5'5 and 62ecutive -rder &o <<=, including other lands of the pu!lic domain suita!le for agriculture • 8ore specifically, the following lands are covered !y *AR/
a; All aliena!le and disposa!le lands of the pu!lic domain devoted to or suita!le for agricultureC !; All lands of the pu!lic domain in e2cess of the specific limits as determined !y *ongress in Section ( :a; of RA &o 44$1C c; All other lands owned !y the government devoted to or suita!le for agricultureC and d; All private lands devoted or suita!le for agriculture regardless of the agricultural products raised or that can !e raised thereon 62ecutive -rder &o (%$ :Hesting in the Land Ban3 of the /hilippines the /rimary Responsi!ility to Determine the Land Haluation and *ompensation for All Lands *overed @nder Repu!lic Act &o 44$1, .nown as the *omprehensive Agrarian Reform Law of 5=; • Hested in the Land Ban3 of the /hilippines the primary responsi!ility for land valuation 62ecutive -rder &o (%4 :8andating *ertain Departments and Agencies to Align Their Respective /rograms and /rojects with the *omprehensive Agrarian Reform /rogram, Directing the Department of Agrarian Reform to Accelerate the Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries Development Through the /rovision of 6conomic and Social 0nfrastructure Support, and /roviding the &ecessary 0mplementing 8echanisms for the /urpose; • 6mphasi#ed that *AR/ is central to the governmentFs efforts to hasten countryside agroindustrial development • Directed the implementing agencies to align their respective programs and projects with the *AR/ • This created *AR/ 0mplementing Teams from the national to the municipal levels • 0t also identified and gave priority to <( Strategic -perating /rovinces :S-/; where the !ul3 of *AR/ wor3load lies, without prejudice to program implementation in other provinces of the country 62ecutive -rder &o (%1 :Accelerating the Ac9uisition and Distri!ution of Agricultural Lands, /asture Lands, +ishponds, Agro+orestry Lands and -ther Lands of the /u!lic Domain Suita!le for Agriculture;
• Directed all government instrumentalities, including financial institutions and corporations, to turn over to DAR all lands suita!le for agriculture for coverage under *AR/ 62ecutive -rder &o (( :Amending 62ecutive -rder &o (%1, Series of 5==%, 6ntitled, "Accelerating the Ac9uisition and Distri!ution of Agricultural Lands, /asture Lands, +ishponds, Agro+orestry Lands and -ther Lands of /u!lic Domain Suita!le for Agriculture"; •
Amended 62ecutive -rder &o (%1, series of 5==%, providing that "All lands or portions thereof reserved !y virtue of / residential proclamations for specific pu!lic uses !y the government, its agencies and instrumentalities, including governmentowned or controlled corporations suita!le for agriculture and no longer actually, directly and e2clusively used or necessary for the purposes for which they have !een reserved, as determined !y the Department of Agrarian Reform in coordination with the government agency or instrumentality concerned in whose favor the reservation was esta!lished, shall !e segregated from the reservation and transferred to the Department of Agrarian Reform for distri!ution to 9ualified !eneficiaries under the *omprehensive Agrarian Reform /rogram"
62ecutive -rder &o $%4 :+urther Amending 62ecutive -rder &o (%1, Series of 5==%, as Amended By 62ecutive -rder &o ((, Series of 5==5, Accelerating the Ac9uisition and Distri!ution of Agricultural Lands, /asture Lands, +ishponds, Agro+orestry Lands and -ther Lands of /u!lic Domain Suita!le for Agriculture; • 0t declared that e2cept national par3s and other protected areas, all lands or portions of the pu!lic domain reserved !y virtue of proclamation or law for specific purposes or uses !y departments, !ureaus, offices and agencies of the overnment, which are suita!le for agriculture and no longer actually, directly and e2clusively used or necessary for the purpose for which they have !een reserved as determined !y the Department of Agrarian Reform in coordination with the government agency or instrumentality concerned in whose favor the reservation was esta!lished, shall !e segregated from the reservation and transferred to the Department of Agrarian Reform for distri!ution to 9ualified !eneficiaries under the *omprehensive Agrarian Reform /rogram • 0t also provided that all e2isting and proposed &ational /ar3s, ame Refuge and Bird Sanctuaries, >ildlife Reserves, >ilderness Areas and -ther /rotected Areas, including old growth or virgin forests, and all forests a!ove
5,%%% meters elevation or a!ove $% percent slope, are here!y e2cluded from the present segregation, ac9uisition and distri!ution procedures !eing conducted !y the Department of Agrarian Reform until such time as these area shall have !een identified, studied and determined to !e either retained and reclassified under the &ational 0ntegrated /rotected Areas System of D6&R or to !e segregated for agricultural purposes H.
FIDEL V. RAMOS (199199&"
Repu!lic Act &o 15 :An Act Amending *ertain /rovisions of Repu!lic Act &o 44$1, 6ntitled "An Act 0nstituting a *omprehensive Agrarian Reform /rogram to /romote Social Iustice and 0ndustriali#ation, /roviding the 8echanism for 0ts 0mplementation, and for -ther /urposes"; • Amended certain provisions of Repu!lic Act &o 44$1, more significantly Section 5% thereof on e2emptions and e2clusions from *AR/, to wit a; Lands actually, directly or e2clusively used for par3s and wildlife, forest reserves, reforestation, fish sanctuaries and !reeding grounds, watersheds and mangrovesC !; /rivate lands actually, directly or e2clusively used for prawn farms and fishponds /rovided, That said prawn farms and fishponds have not !een distri!uted and *ertificate of Land -wnership Award :*L-A; issued to agrarian reform !eneficiaries :ARBs; under *AR/C and c; Lands actually, directly and e2clusively used and found to !e necessary for sites and institutions, and all lands with 5K slope and over, e2cept those already developed Repu!lic Act &o 1=%$ :An Act to Strengthen the 0mplementation of the *omprehensive Agrarian Reform /rogram, and for -ther /urposes; • 0t aimed to strengthen the implementation of the *AR/ !y amending certain provisions of Repu!lic Act &o 44$1, particularly the provisions on the creation of support services office :Section '$;, funding for support services :Section '4;, /rovincial Agrarian Reform *oordinating *ommittee :Section ((; and province!yprovince implementation of *AR/ :Section ($; Repu!lic Act &o $'< :An Act Strengthening +urther the *omprehensive Agrarian Reform /rogram :*AR/;, By /roviding Augmentation +und Therefor, Amending for the /urpose Section 4' of Repu!lic Act &o 44$1, -therwise .nown as "The *AR/ Law of 5=";
• 0t authori#ed the appropriation of an additional amount of not more than /$% !illion needed to implement the *AR/ until year <%% • 0t provided for yearly appropriations of not less than /' !illion from the eneral Appropriations Act ARCs (Agrarian Reform Communities) • The DAR, under the leadership of /resident +idel H Ramos and Secretary 6rnesto D arilao, pursued the "development of agrarian reform communities :AR*s; as its 3ey program for national development" • An AR* is a !arangay at the minimum or a cluster of contiguous !arangays where there is a critical mass of farmers and farmwor3ers awaiting the full implementation of agrarian reform These farmers and farmwor3ers will anchor the integrated development of the area • 0n order to optimi#e the allocation and use of limited resources and create an impact, the DAR has adopted a geographical focus and realigned its priorities towards the development of via!le AR*s 0n these areas, DAR shall intensify its interventions to increase farm production, improve household income, and promote sustaina!le development • AR*s shall serve as growth points in the countryside I.
JOSEPH E. ESTRADA (199&))1"
62ecutive -rder &o <4 :/roviding -pportunities for the Development of Beneficiaries @nder the *omprehensive Land Reform /rogram to Become /roductive 6ntrepreneurs, /roviding the 8echanism Therefor and for -ther /urposes; • 0t provided that lands covered !y *ertificates of Land -wnership Award :*L-A; shall now !e accepted as collateral to secure loans !y their registered owners, with the consent of the farmers cooperative to which they are mem!ers, with the government financial institutions, as well as, with the private financial institutions /rovided, That the loan proceeds shall !e used e2clusively in the furtherance of the agricultural productivity of the land and related activities A!"ASA"A (ag#a$a%i#at sa "aun%arang Agraryo)
• To ensure ade9uate support services, there is a need for greater private sector participation, !oth civil society and !usiness, in the development of agrarian reform areas • 8A.ASA.A, pursued under the framewor3 of Ioint 6conomic 6nterprises, aimed to !ring investments into the countryside 0nvestors will !e encouraged to !ecome partners of the farmers in esta!lishing rural !usiness enterprises, particularly in agrarian reform communities :AR*s; They will contri!ute capital, technology and management support, while the farmers will contri!ute the use of their land !ut not the land itself The land cannot !e used to settle o!ligations of the enterprise This ensures that ownership of the land remains in the hand of the farmers J.
GLORIA MACAPAGAL ARROYO ())1)1)"
BayanAnihan :BayanAnihan /rogram for Rural Development ) B/RD; • 0t is DARFs !anner program under the Arroyo Administration to hasten the implementation of the *omprehensive Agrarian Reform /rogram :*AR/; • The si2 main thrusts of BayanAnihan are the following :a; fast trac3ing of land ac9uisition and distri!utionC :!; integrating, rationali#ing and institutionali#ing the delivery of support servicesC :c; swift delivery of agrarian justiceC :d; promoting peaceC :e; intensifying and institutionali#ing social mar3etingC and :f; moderni#ing the DAR !ureaucracy *.
#ENIGNO SIMEON C. AQUINO III ()1)PRESENT"
