‘’AÑO DE PROMOCIÓN DE LA L A INDUSTRIA RESPONSABLE Y EL COMPROMISO CLIMÁTICO´´
UNIVERSIDAD CESAR VALLEJO VALLEJO ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE ARQUITECTURA
“LA RESISTENCIA DE LOS TIPOS DE CONCRETO ARMADO EN LAS VIVIENDAS DEL DISTRITO VICTOR LARCO HERRERA” Caso: Vivienda Multifailia! “Residen"ial Aan"aes”
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INTEGRANTES: CRUZADO PALACIOS, JHON GARCÍA ALAYO, DANIS PEÑA VILLALBA, CARLOS TORRES SIRLAPÚ, RICHARDS VERA ROLDAN, GUILLERMO
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ASESOR: DIEZ CANSECO CARRANZA, JESÚS JOSÉ
Trujillo, 2014 INDICE
I! II !
CARTULA INDICE INTRODUCCI"N DESARROLLO 2!1!CO#POSICI"N DEL CONCRETO AR#ADO 2.1. 2.1.1. 1. CEME CEMENT NTO O 2.1. 2.1.1. 1.1. 1. CO COMP MPOS OSIC ICIO ION N CEME CEMENT NTO. O. 2.1. 2.1.1. 1.2. 2. PROP PROPIE IEDA DADE DES S DEL DEL CEME CEMENT NTO. O. 2.1.1.3. USO DE LOS TIPOS DE CEMENTO EN EL CONCRETO ARMADO DE LA RESIDENCIAL AMANCAES. AMANCAES. 2.1.2. 2.1.2. AGREGA AGREGADOS DOS 2.1. 2.1.2. 2.1. 1. CLAS CLASI IIC ICAC ACIO ION N DE AGR AGREG EGAD ADOS OS.. 2.1. 2.1.2. 2.2. 2. PROP PROPIE IEDA DADE DES S DE AGR AGREG EGAD ADOS OS.. 2.1.2.3. USO DE AGREGADOS EN LA CONSTRUCCI!N DE LA RESIDENCIAL AMANCAES. 2.1. 2.1.3. 3. ADIT ADITIV IVOS OS 2.1. 2.1.3. 3.1. 1. CLAS CLASES ES DE DE ADI ADITI TIVO VOS. S. 2.1. 2.1.3. 3.2. 2. INCO INCORP RPOR ORAC ACI! I!N N A LA LA MEZC MEZCLA LA.. 2.1.3. 2.1.3.3. 3. USO DE DE ADIT ADITIVO IVOS S EN EL PROC PROCESO ESO CONS CONSTR TRUCT UCTIVO IVO DE LA LA RESIDENCIAL AMANCAES. 2.1.". 2.1.". ACERO DE CONST CONSTRUCCI RUCCI!N !N 2.1.". 2.1.".1. 1. TIPOLO TIPOLOGÍA GÍA DEL ACERO ACERO DE DE CONSTR CONSTRUCC UCCI!N I!N.. 2.1.". 2.1.".2. 2. UNCI! UNCI!N N DENTR DENTRO O DEL DEL CONC CONCRET RETO O ARMA ARMADO. DO. 2.1.".3. 2.1.".3. EMPLEO EMPLEO DEL DEL ACERO ACERO EN EN LA RESIDENCI RESIDENCIAL AL AMANCAES AMANCAES..
2!2!TIPOLOG$A DE CONCRETO 2.2.1. 2.2.1. CONCRETO CONCRETO SIMPLE. SIMPLE. 2.2.2. 2.2.2. CONCRETO CONCRETO ARMADO. ARMADO. 2.2.3. CONCRETOS DE ALT ALTA RESISTENCIA. 2.2.". 2.2.". TIPOLOGÍA TIPOLOGÍA DE CONCRETO CONCRETO EN EL PROCESO CONSTRUCT CONSTRUCTIVO IVO DE LA RESIDENCIAL AMANCAES. 2!%! ESFUER&OS QUE QUE ACTUAN SO'RE SO'RE EL CONCRETO EN EDIFICACIONES EDIFICACIONES 2.3.1. 2.3.1. TRACCI TRACCI!N. !N. 2.3.2. 2.3.2. COMPRE COMPRESI! SI!N. N. 2.3. 2.3.3. 3. LE# LE#I! I!N. N. 2.3.". ESUERZOS $UE SOPORTA LA ESTRUCTURA DE LA RESIDENCIAL AMANCAES. 2!4! FACTORES FACTORES QUE AFECTA AFECTAN LA RESISTENCIA DEL CONCRETO 2.".1. 2.".1. ACTOR ACTORES ES CLIMATO CLIMATOLOGIC LOGICOS. OS. 2.".2. 2.".2. ACTOR ACTORES ES TECNI TECNICOS. COS.
2.".3. ESTRUCTURA DE LA RESIDENCIAL AMANCAES RENTE A LOS
III! IV! V! VI!
ACTORES $UE LA AECTAN. CONCLUSIONES RECO#ENDACIONES ANE(OS REFERENCIAS 'I'LIOGRAFICAS
I!
INTRODUCCION E% &'(&)*+' * -(' * %' /0+*)0%* / -+%0' *( %0 &'(+)-&&4( * %0
5*)*(+* +6'%'780 * *5&0&'(*. S* &'/6)*(* 9-* *+* +*(* &0)0&+*)8+&0 *6*&0%* 60)0 - **/6*:', ;, 9-* - &'/6'(*(+* *<*( +*(*) -( &'(+)'% * &0%0 +0(+' *( %0 &0(+0 &'/' *( *% /*&%0' 7-*(' %' 6)'&*' &'))*6'(*(+*. M-&=0 *5&0&'(* (' +*(*( *( &-*(+0 &=' 6)'&*', ;0 *0 * /*&%0' ' *( %0 6)'6')&'(* 0*&-00 * &00 &'/6'(*(+* ; -/0' 0 *+', (' +*(*( -( *7-/*(+' &'( %0 -6*)>4( +?&(&0 0*&-00@ %' &-0% 6-** 7*(*)0) 6)'<%*/0 *+)-&+-)0%*, &'/'@ &0(7)**)0, <-)<-0 -6*)5&0%*, >0)0&4( *
&'%') ; /0(&=0, %8(*0 *(+)* &060, -(+0 5)80, 5-)0, */*(+0&4( ; 9-* (' 6*)/+*( 9-* *% &'(&)*+' %%*7-* 0 - //0 )*+*(&0, &0-0(' (*7-)0 ; )*7' * 6?)0 +0(+' /0+*)0%* &'/' =-/0(0. S* )*&'('&* 9-* *% &'(&)*+' (' * -( /0+*)0% &'( (>*%* 0%+' * -&+%0 ; 9-* - 50%%0 *( &'/6)*4( * 5)7%, 0*/@ 60)0 /*')0) - &'/6')+0/*(+' *( &=' *5-*)', *<* *+0) &'(5(0' 6') *+)<' ' *6)0%* &'( 6'&' *60&0/*(+', 6') %' /*(' *( %0 '(0 * //' *5-*)'. E% 6)**(+* (5')/* (' 6*)/+) &'('&*) %' 5*)*(+* &'/6'(*(+* 9-* 6'** *% &'(&)*+', 0*/ * - 6)'&*' &'(+)-&+>', 6)'6*0*, &%05&0&4(, +6'%'780 ; 0%7-(' 50&+')* 9-* 50>')*&*( ; %' 9-* 05*&+0( - )*+*(&0. D* *+* /'' (' 6*)/+) 0(0%0), *% *+0' 0&+-0% * %0 *5&0&'(* * +6' /-%+50/%0), 0 5( * &'('&*) '( *7-)0 ; * )*0%0( * /0(*)0 0*&-00, )*6*+0(' %' 60)/*+)' ; *:' &'/' *+( 6)*>+' *( *% RNE R*7%0/*(+' N0&'(0% * E5&0&'(* ; L0 N')/0 P*)-0(0 * D*:' S/' R*+*(+*. E+* (5')/* +*(* &'/' '<*+>' *)>) * 7-80 60)0 6)*>*() 5-+-)' *))')* *( *% 6)'&*' &'(+)-&+>' *% &'(&)*+' *( %0 >>*(0 /-%+50/%0)* ; 6') *(* *>+0) *% ?5&+ *( *% 6)'-&+' ; 0 %0 >* *% )*7' *( %0 >0 =-/0(0 *(+)' * %0 &'(+)-&&4(. A*/ * 6)*+*(* &'(&*(+0) 0 %0 6*)'(0, '<)* %0 *7-)0 ; *% )*7' *% <-*( ' /0% -' *% &'(&)*+'.
II!
DESARROLLO Según NIÑO Jair E% !n!re"# $%e&e 'er &e(ni& !) *a )e+!*a &e
%n )a"eria* ag*%"inan"e nr)a*)en"e !e)en" $r"*an& ,i&r-%*i! -(' /0+*)0%* * )*%%*(' 07)*70' ' )' 07-0 ; *>*(+-0%/*(+* 0+>', 9-* 0% *(-)*&*)* 5')/0( -( 4%' &'/60&+' ; *6-? * &*)+' +*/6' * &060 * '6')+0) 7)0(* *5-*)' * &'/6)*4(F
2!1!CO#POSICI"N DEL CONCRETO P0)0 J0)' N:' 21 E% &'(&)*+' * 7*(*)0 0 60)+) * -(0 /*&%0 * &*)+' &'/6'(*(+* *( &0(+0* )*%0+>0 ;' '5&00 60)0 6)'-&),
*&'(4/&0 ; *+)-&+-)0%/*(+*, -(0 /00 >'%-/?+)&0 /0(*0<%*, 9-* 0% 5)07-0) 0 %0 >*%'&0 06)'600 09-*)* )*+*(&0, -)0<%0, /00 -(+0)0, *+0<%0 * >'%-/*( ; -(0 060)*(&0 0*&-00F T0%* &'/6'(*(+* '(
2!1!1! CE#ENTO P0)0 J0)' N:' 21 * -( /0+*)0% 07%-+(0(+* 9-* 6)**(+0 6)'6*0* 0=*)*(&0 ; &'=*4(, 5')/0(' -( +'' &'/60&+'. E( %0 &'(+)-&&4( * =0 7*(*)0%0' %0 60%0<)0 &*/*(+' 60)0 *7(0) -( +6' * 07%-+8(0+* *6*&5&' 9-* * *('/(0 &*/*(+' 6')+%0(, *<' 0 9-* * *% / &'/(. E()9-* R>>0 2, *5(* &'/' &*/*(+' 0 %' /0+*)0%* 6-%>*)0' 9-* 6'**( %0 6)'6*0 9-*, 6') 0&4( * -(0 &0(+0 &'(>*(*(+* * 07-0, 5')/0( -(0 60+0 &'(7%'/*)0(+* &060 * *(-)*&*) +0(+' <0' *% 07-0 &'/' *% 0)* ; 5')/0) &'/6-*+' *+0<%*. $-*0( *&%-0 * *+0 *5(&4( %0 &0%* =)-%&0, %0 &0%* 0?)*0 ; %' ;*'.
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
2!1!1!2! PROPIEDADES DEL CE#ENTO
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
2!1!1!%! USO DE LOS TIPOS DE CE#ENTO EN EL CONCRETO AR#ADO DE LA RESIDENCIAL A#ANCAES E% &0' 9-* * 0(0%0, * %0 R**(&0% A/0(&0*@ *% &-0% * -( *5&' * (>*%* * 0%+-)0, ; -( */4+0(' 9-* * *(&-*(+)0 -<&0' *( %0 U)<0(0&4( L0 P0%/0 *% G'%5, M. JF , L'+* 1" *( %0 C0%%* A/0(&0*, *% D+)+' V8&+') L0)&' H*))*)0, P)'>(&0 * T)-%%'. E+* *5&' 6)**(+0 *% -' * 2 +6' * &*/*(+' 6')+%0(@ C*/*(+' P')+%0( +6' I, 60)0 %' E%*/*(+' E+)-&+-)0%* -6*)')* 0% (>*% *% -*%' C'%-/(0, P%0&0, L'0 A%7*)00 ; M0&0, V70 ; E&0%*)0. C*/*(+' P')+%0( +6' II, 60)0 %' E%*/*(+' E+)-&+-)0%* (5*)')* 0% (>*% *% -*%' V70 * C/*(+0&4(, C/*(+' C'))', S'<)*&/*(+' S/6%* ; R*5')0', S'%0' ; Z060+0 * C'%-/(0 (Ver Figura Nº ). D&=' -' * &'(5')/* &'( %' 9-* * 6)*&0 *( %' )*7%0/*(+' * &'(+)-&&'(* 9-* *+6-%0( %' 5*)*(+* ')70(/' * -6*)>4( *% *+0' M-(&60%0. A*/ *( +*')80 * '+*(* %' 7-*(+*
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
2!1!2! AGREGADOS S* 0<* 9-* *% &'(&)*+' *+ &'(5')/0' 6') -(0 60+0 * &*/*(+' ; 07-0 *( %0 &-0% * *(&-*(+)0( */<*<0 60)+8&-%0 * -( /0+*)0% &'('&' &'/' 07)*70', *% &-0% '&-60 06)'/00/*(+* *% K 0% Q *% >'%-/*( * %0 -(0 &<&0 *% &'(&)*+'. J0)' N:' /0(5*+4 9-*F L' 07)*70' 6-**( *) (0+-)0%* ' 0)+5&0%*. L' 07)*70' (0+-)0%* * '<+*(*( * %0 *6%'+0&4( * *64+' * 0))0+)* 5%->0%* 0)*(0 ; 7)0>0 * )8', ' 7%0&0)* &0(+' )'0', ; * &0(+*)0 * >*)0 )'&0 ; 6*)0 (0+-)0%*. L' 07)*70' 0)+5&0%* '( %' 9-* * '<+*(*( 0 60)+) * 6)'&*' (-+)0%*, +0%* &'/' 0)&%%0 *60(0, *&')0 * 0%+' =')(', C%(*) ; %/0-)0 ; =*))', *(+)* '+)'. NIÑO, 21, P.K.
2!1!2!1! CLASIFICACI"N DE AGREGADOS P0)0 E()9-* R>>0 2, %' 07)*70' * &%05&0( * %0 7-*(+* /0(*)0
)! Por *u ori+-:
. Agregados Naturales, '( %0 60)+8&-%0 9-* )*-%+0( * -( 6)'&*' * '<+*(&4( ' +)0(5')/0&4( (0+-)0%, 0*/ * 09-*%%' '<+*(' 6') +)+-)0&4( /*&(&0 ; +0/0' * )'&0. E(+)* %' 6)(&60%* * *(&-*(+)0(@ %0 0)*(0 ; &0(+' )'0' * )8' ' &0(+*)0, %0 0)*(0 (0+-)0%* /-; 5(0@ %0 6*)0 64/* (0+-)0% ; %0 %0>0 >'%&(&0 6')'0. -
Agregados Artificiales, '( %0 60)+8&-%0 9-* )*-%+0( *% 6)'&*' *
+)0(5')/0&4( (-+)0% * -( *%*/*(+' (0+-)0%, &'/' *( *% &0' * %0 0)&%%0 ; *9-+' *60('(0'@ ' &'/' -<6)'-&+' * -( 6)'&*' (-+)0%, &'/' *)80 *% &0' * %0 0)&%%0 * 0%+' =')('.
/! Por *u oo*ii3- i-r)l3+i): . S%8&*'. . C0%&)*'. ! Por *u ))5o: . Agregado Fino, E 09-*% 9-* 600 8(+*7)0/*(+* *% T0/ * 3QF ; &'/' /8(/' -( K *% T0/ N ", 9-*0(' )*+*(' *( *% T0/ N 2.
. Agregado Grueso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
L0>0' * A7)*70' * -+%0' -)0(+* *% 6)'&*' * +)+-)0&4(, 60)0 )*+)0) /6-)*0 ; *&*' * 5(' 6)**(+* *( %' &'(7%'/*)0(+* * %' 9-*
6)'>*(*(. M*&%0' ' A/00' S* 0&'(0( -(+' &'( %' 07)*70' ; %' &*/*(+' 60)0 6)'-&) -(0 60+0 =)0+00. A60)+* * %' -' 9-* * /*(&'(0( 0(+*)')/*(+* *% 07-0 +0/<?( &-/6%*
-( )'% /6')+0(+* *( *% &-)0' *% &'(&)*+', 9-* * %0 0&+>0 *( %0 &-0% * =-/**&* *% &'(&)*+' * /0(*)0 5)*&-*(+*, 0 5( * 9-* %0 6?)0 * =-/*0 *% &'(&)*+' *( - 6)'&*' * 5)07-0', (' * ? &'/' -( &0/<' <)-&', ;0 9-* *+' 6)'-&)80 5-)0 *( *% //'. J0)' N:' 21 /0(5*+0 9-* *% &-)0' *% &'(&)*+' * * -/0 /6')+0(&0 60)0 - )*+*(&0, ;0 9-* * (*&*0)' *% -/(+)' * 07-0 60)0 70)0(+0) %0 &'/6%*+0 =)0+0&4( *% 7)0(' *% &*/*(+'.
2!1!2!2! PROPIEDADES DE AGREGADOS E()9-* R>>0 2, /0(5*+0 9-* %' 07)*70' 6'**( %0 7-*(+* 6)'6*0*. a. Dureza, * %0 )*+*(&0 0 %0 *)'4(, 0<)04( ', *( 7*(*)0%, *% *70+*.
E+0 6)'6*0 *6*(* * %' &'(++-;*(+* * - 60)+8&-%0. b. Densidad, *6*(* +0(+' * %0 7)0>*0 *6*&85&0 * - &'(++-;*(+* 4%' &'/' * %0 6')'0 *% /0+*)0% //'. L0 <00 *(0* 7*(*)0%/*(+* (&0( /0+*)0% 6')'', 6'&' )*+*(+* ; * 0%+0 0<')&4(. c. Porosidad, * *% *60&' (' '&-60' 6') /0+*)0 4%0 *( %0 60)+8&-%0 * 07)*70'. d. Resistencia, %0 )*+*(&0 0 %0 +)+-)0&4( ' &'/6)*4( *% 07)*70'
*<*) *) +0% 9-* 6*)/+0 *0))'%%0) +'+0%/*(+* %0 )*+*(&0 6'+*(&0% * %0 /0+) &*/*(+0(+*. e. lasticidad, * *% &0/<' * *5-*)' &'( )*6*&+' 0 %0 *5')/0&4( *%+&0, &'(*)('*%* &'/' -(0 /*0 * %0 )*+*(&0 *% /0+*)0% 0 %0 *5')/0&'(*.
f. stabilidad de Volu!en, * %0 &060&0 *% 07)*70' 60)0 )*+)
&0/<' *( - >'%-/*( &'/' )*-%+0' * /'5&0&'(* *( - 6)'6*0* 58&0. g. "e#tura $u%erficial, )*5%*0 %0 +*+-)0 (+*)(0 ')7(0% ; %0 *+)-&+-)0 ;
&'/6'&4( * - 60)+8&-%0, *(' *%%0 *% )*-%+0' * %' 6)'&*' (0+-)0%* ' 0)+5&0%* * /60&+' ' 0<)04( 0 %' &-0%* *% 07)*70' *+ -*+'. &. Peso 'nitario, * *% 6*' 9-* 0%&0(0 -( *+*)/(0' >'%-/*( -(+0)',
7*(*)0%/*(+* * *6)*0 *( %' 6') /*+)' &<&' ; * *% >0%') )*9-*)' &-0(' * +)0+0 * 07)*70' %7*)' ' 6*0' 60)0 *% &0' * '5&0&4( *% >'%-/*( *( *% &'(&)*+'. i. u!edad Absorci*n, %' 07)*70' 6)**(+0( 6')' (+*)(', 0 %' &-0%* * %* &'('&*( &'/' 0<*)+' &-0(' '( 0&&*<%* 0% 07-0 ' =-/*0 *+*)') ( )*9-+' * 6)*4(. +. s%on+a!iento, * *% (&)*/*(+' * >'%-/*( * -( 6*' 0' *% /0+*)0%, *<' 0 9-* %0 =-/*0 -6*)5&0% +*(* 0 /0(+*(*) %0 60)+8&-%0 *60)00 -(0 * '+)0. 2!1!2!%! USO DE AGREGADOS EN LA CONSTRUCCI"N DE LA
RESIDENCIAL A#ANCAES E( %0 &'(+)-&&4( *% E5&' M-%+50/%0) R**(&0% A/0(&0*F, * */6%*0( 07)*70' >*)' 60)0 %0 *%0<')0&4( * %' 5*)*(+* &'(&)*+' 60)0 &00 *%*/*(+' *+)-&+-)0%. S* */6%*0 %0 0)*(0 5(0, 60)0 +'' +)0<0' ' 0&+>0 9-* +*(* 9-* >*) &'( +0))0*' ' *(%-&' * /-)', &'%-/(0, >70 ; &*%' )0' (Ver Figura Nº ). E% -' * %0 0)*(0 7)-*0 * 0 60)0 *% &'(&)*+' /6%* -0' *( %' &'(+)06' * &00 (>*%@ 0*/ *( %0 *%0<')0&4( *% &'(&)*+' 0)/0' 60)0 +'' %' *%*/*(+' *+)-&+-)0%* +0%* &'/' %'0, &'%-/(0, 6%0&0, >70 ; '+)'. A//' * -+%0 %0 6*)0 &=0(&00 * *6*') * F 60)0 ** //' &'(&)*+' 0)/0'. T'' %' 07)*70' */6%*0' *( &=0 &'(+)-&&4( '( * +6' (0+-)0%, *+)08' * &0(+*)0 +0(+' 60)0 %' &0' * %0 0)*(0 ; %0 6*)0 (Ver Figura Nº ).
A(+* * %0 )*&*6&4( * %' //'@ *% (7*(*)' -6*)>'), >*)5&4 *% *+0' * &00 07)*70', *( %' 06*&+' * %/6*0 ' 6-)*0, +0/0:', 06*&+' 5')/0%, &0(+0 ; &'%').
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
2!1!%!1! CLASES DE ADITIVO J0)' N:' 21 05)/0 9-* %' 0+>' * 0&-*)' 0 %0 N')/0 ASTM C "", * &%05&0( *( %' 7-*(+* +6' TIPO A
P%0+5&0(+*.
TIPO B
R*+0)0(+*.
TIPO C
A&*%*)0(+*.
TIPO D
P%0+5&0(+* R*+0)0(+*.
TIPO E
P%0+5&0(+* A&*%*)0(+*.
A. Plastificantes, S'( %' / 0/6%0/*(+* -0', ;0 9-* *+' )*-&*( *%
>'%-/*( * 07-0 *( *% &'(&)*+', *(+)* -( K ; *% 12. . Retardantes, S'( 09-*%%' 9-* * -+%0( 60)0 &'/6*(0) *% )6' 5)07-0' '&0'(0' 6') 0%+0 +*/6*)0+-)0, /0;')* 0 32&@ * *&) )*+0)0 *% +*/6' * *(-)*&/*(+' 60)0 '<+*(*) -(0 <-*(0 +)0<00<%0. . Acelerantes, S'( 09-*%%' 9-* +*(*( *% 6)'64+' * )*-&) *% +*/6' * 5)07-0' *% &'(&)*+'.
D. Plastificantes Retardantes, * %0 &'/<(0&4( * %0 6)'6*0* * %'
0+>' +6' A ; +6' B, * *&)@ R*-&*( *% >'%-/*( * 07-0 ; )*+0)0( *% +*/6' * 5)07-0' *% &'(&)*+'. . Plastificantes Acelerantes, P*)/+*( %0 D/(-&4( *% >'%-/*( * 07-0 ; *% +*/6' * 5)07-0', 0 5( * '<+*(*) -(0 /0(*0<%0 ; )*+*(&0 )*9-*)0. S*7( %0 N')/0 ACI, +0/<?( * &'(*)0 *(+)' * %' 0+>' 0 %' %%0/0' /!%er!eabilizantes, 9-* '( 09-*%%' 9-* &'(+)<-;*( 0% &'(+)'% * %0 5%+)0&'(* ; 6*(*+)0&4( * 07-0 *( *% &'(&)*+'.
2!1!%!2! INCORPORACI"N A LA #E&CLA E()9-* R>>0 2, &'(*)0 9-* %' 0+>', * (&')6')0( *( %0 6%0(+0, ' /*0(+* -( +0(9-* &'%'&0' *( *% &0/4( /*&%0') 9-* 6*)/+* - 0&4( 0 %0 /*&%0 *( '<)0. L0 (&')6')0&4( *<* =0&*)* */6%*0(' +*/0 6*)0(+*, * 6)*5*)*(&0 *%*&+)'/*&(&', ; %0 >*)5&0&4( * %0 &0(+0 /*0(+* +0(9-* &0%<)0'. E( %0 (&')6')0&4( *% 0+>' 0 %0 +0(0 (' 4%' +*(* /6')+0(&0 %0 /07(+- ; >*%'&0 * *&0)70, (' +0/<?( *% /'/*(+' *( 9-* ?+0 * 6)'-&*. C0/<' *( *% /'/*(+' * %0 (&')6')0&4( *% 0+>' 0% &&%' * /*&%0' 6-**( 7(5&0) >0)0&'(* *( %0 6)'6*0* *% &'(&)*+' ;' *( *% 7)0' * *5*&+>0 *% 0+>'. A 5( * 70)0(+0) -(5')/0 *% 0+>' *( %0 /*&%0 -)0(+* *% &&%' * &0)70, %0 >*%'&0 * *&0)70 *% 0+>' *<*) *) ) *7-%0<%* ; -6*)>00.
2!1!%!%! USO DE ADITIVOS EN EL PROCESO CONSTRUCTIVO DE LA RESIDENCIAL A#ANCAES! E( *% 6)'&*' * &'(+)-&&4( *% *5&' /-%+50/%0) 0(0%0', * =' -' * - &'(&)*+' 6)*/*&%0', 6') %' +0(+' %0 /*&%0 * %' 0+>' * )*0%0)'( *( 6%0(+0.
P0)0 *% &'(&)*+' *( &/*(+0&4( *% M-%+50/%0) A/0(&0*, * )*0%4 *% 6*' 0 %0 */6)*0 *(&0)700 *% &'(&)*+' 6)*/*&%0', %0 (&%-4( * -( Aditi0o i!%er!eabilizante, ;0 9-* %0 '(0 '(* * &'(+)-;* *% *5&'@ +*(* -( 0%+' 7)0'
* (060 5)*+&0. P0)0 *% &'(&)*+' *( %'0 0%7*)00, * '<%* *(+' ; /0&0@ * )*9-)4 * -( Aditi0o Acelerante, ;0 9-* * <-&0<0 %0 )*-&&4( *( *% +*/6' * &'(+)-&&4( *% *5&'.
2!1!4! ACERO DE CONSTRUCCI"N E% 0&*)' * -(0 0%*0&4( &'(++-0 6') =*))' ; &0)<'(', )*-&*(' -)0(+* *% 6)'&*' %' &'(+*(' * &0)<'(', %&' ; 0-5)* 9-* *( 6)(&6' '( 6*)-&0%* 0% 0&*)'. L0 6)'6*0* *% 0&*)' *6*(*( * %0 &0(+0 * &0)<'(' */6%*00 *( *% 6)'&*' * 50<)&0&4(. E+0 &'/<(0&4( =0 6)'-&' -( /0+*)0% /-; >*)+% */6%*0' *( /%+6%* 5-(&'(* * %0 *5&0&'(* A/<)'*, 1Q@ * M0++', 2.
2!1!4!1! TIPOLOG$A DEL ACERO DE CONSTRUCCI"N S*7( AMBROSE, 1Q Y MATTOS 2. L' +6' '(
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Aceros confor!ados en fr2o1 S* *(+*(* 6') +0%* %' 0&*)' &-;'
6)'&*' * 50<)&0&4( &'(+* *( -( &'(5')/0' *( 5)8', 9-* %* &'(5*)* -(0 &0)0&+*)8+&0 *6*&85&0 ** %' 6-(+' * >+0 * %0 *&&4( ; %0 )*+*(&0 /*&(&0.
P0)0 AMBROSE, 1Q Y MATTOS 2. H0; ' +6' * 0&*)' *( 5)' •
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&'/' &'/6)/0. P0(*%* * -0( *( &-<*)+0, '6')+* * 6' -(+' 0 -(0 <0* * =')/74(, +)0<00(' &'/' *%*/*(+' )*+*(+* ' 4%' &'/' *(&'5)0' 6*)' ; *%*/*(+' * 60)*. S* -*%*( 50<)&0) &'( &=060 70%>0(00, 6-**( ) 6(+0' ; * )*&-<)*( &'( 0%0/*(+' +?)/&' ; 0&+&' 6'%-)*+0(' *60(',....
2!1!4!2! FUNCI"N DENTRO DEL CONCRETO AR#ADO J0)' N:' 21 E% &'(&)*+' * -( /0+*)0% 9-* )*+* /-; <*( %0 5-*)0 9-* %' &'/6)/*(. S( */<0)7', * /-; ?<% 0(+* %0 5-*)0 9-* %' *+)0(. P') *', 0 -(0 *+)-&+-)0 * &'(&)*+' * (*&*0)' (&%-)%* <0))0 * 0&*)' &'( *% 5( * 9-* %0 *+)-&+-)0 +*(70 )*+*(&0 0% *+)0/*(+'. A *+0 &'/<(0&4( * &'(&)*+' ; * 0&*)' * %* %%0/0 &'(&)*+' 0)/0'F. E+0 &'/<(0&4( 6-** )*+) 0*&-00/*(+* ' +6' * 5-*)0, %0 7*(*)00 6') %' /' ; %0 &0-00 6') *% 6*' * %0 *+)-&+-)0. P') *+0 )04(, *% 0&*)' * -(' * %' /0+*)0%* / /6')+0(+* *( %0 &'(+)-&&4( * -(0 &00. E% 0&*)' ' 5*))' * &'(+)-&&4( * >*(* *( >0)%%0 9-* /*( / * %'(7+-. E+0 >0)%%0 +*(*( &'))-70F 0%)**') ; 0 %' %0)7' * +'0 %0 <0))0 9-* )>*( 60)0 70)0(+0) - 070))*F 0% &'(&)*+'. N:', 21, 62.
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DI#ETRO DE FIERRO // Q// 3QF 12,, F KQF XF 1F 1 3QF
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2!1!4!%! E#PLEO DEL ACERO EN LA RESIDENCIAL A#ANCAES: E( %0 &'(+)-&&4( *% *5&' /-%+50/%0), * */6%*0 *% A&*)' C'))-70' P)*/*('(0', * *&)@ %' *%*/*(+' * 0&*)' 60)0 %0 *+)-&+-)0 &'%-/(0, >70, %'0, 060+0, *+&. *% *5&', +0%* &'/' 60)0(+*, +)0>*0:', *+)<', <0+'(*, 0&*)' * +*/6*)0+-)0 *(+)* '+)' (Ver Figura Nº )@ '( &')+0' ; '<%0' *( 5<)&0, 0 %0 /*0 *6*&85&0 9-* * )*6)**(+0( *( %' 6%0(' *% 6)';*&+'. D* *+0 5')/0, %0 */6)*0 &'(+)-&+')0 7*(*)0 /0;') *7-)0, ;0 9-* * )*6*+0( %0 /*0 6%0/00 *( %' 6%0(' *+)-&+-)0%* *:0' *6*&85&0/*(+* 6') *% P)'5*'(0% &'))*6'(*(+* I(7*(*)' C>%. A*/ * '<+*(* +0/<?( -( 0='))' *( *% +*/6' * **&-&4( ; *( /0(' '<)0 60)0 *% //'. S* */6%*0)'( A&*)' * C'(+)-&&4( &'( /*0 &'/' //., 3QF, 12F, KQF, 3"F ; 1F@ *7( %' *%*/*(+' *+)-&+-)0%* (*&*0)' (Ver Figura Nº ).
2!2! TIPOLOG$A DE CONCRETO: P0)0 ETCAT 2 B&0/*(+* =0; ' +6' * =')/74( E% &'(&)*+' /6%* ; *% &'(&)*+' *+)-&+-)0%. É+* %+/' * )*-%+0' * %0 (&%-4( *( - /00 * <0))0 ' 0%0/<)* * 0&*)' 60)0 &'/6*(0) %0 <00 )*+*(&0 *% =')/74( 0 +)0&&4(. C-0(' *% =')/74( * )*5')0' 6') 0)/0-)0 60>0 * %%0/0 =')/74( 0)/0' ; &-0(' * )*5')0' 6') 0)/0-)0 0&+>0 * %%0/0 =')/74( 6)*+*(0'. S'( 0)/0-)0 60>0 %0 -5)*( +*('(* &-0(' * &0)70 *% *%*/*(+' *% &'(&)*+' 0% 9-*
)*5-*)0(. Y * %%0/0( 0&+>0 &-0(' -5)*( +*('(* 0(+* * 9-* *% *%*/*(+' *0 &0)70'. L0 0)/0-)0 0&+>0 6-**( 6'(*)* *( +*(4( 0(+* ' *6-? *% >*)+' ; *(-)*&/*(+' *% =')/74(.
2!1!1! CONCRETO SI#PLE! P0)0 A)+=-) H. N%'( 21 E% &'(&)*+' * -( /0+*)0% */*0(+* 0 %0 6*)0 9-* * '<+*(* /*0(+* -(0 /*&%0 &-0'0/*(+* 6)'6')&'(00 * &*/*(+', 0)*(0 ; 7)0>0 - '+)' 07)*70'. E% &-*)6' *% /0+*)0% &'(+* *( 07)*70' 5(' ; 7)-*'. E% &*/*(+' ; *% 07-0 (+*)0&+0( 9-8/&0/*(+* 60)0 -() %0 60)+8&-%0 * 07)*70' ; &'(5')/0) -(0 /00 4%0. S*7( M0)&*%' R'/' 21" L0 6)'6*0* *% &'(&)*+' *6*(*( *( 7)0( /*0 * %0 &0%0 ; 6)'6')&'(* * %' &'/6'(*(+* *( %0 /*&%0, ; * %0 &'(&'(* * =-/*0 ; +*/6*)0+-)0, -)0(+* %' 6)'&*' * 50<)&0&4( ; * 5)07-0'. P0)0 &'(*7-) 6)'6*0* *6*&0%*, * 6-**( 0:0) '+)' &'/6'(*(+* &'/' 0+>' 9-8/&' ' * 6-**( )**/6%00) - &'/6'(*(+* <&' 6') &'/6'(*(+* &'( &0)0&+*)8+&0 *6*&0%* &'/' 07)*70' %>0(', 07)*70' 6*0', &*/*(+' * 5)07-0' %*(+', *+&. COOPSA 21" N' &* 9-* *% -' *% &'(&)*+' /6%* &'( 5(* *+)-&+-)0%* * %/+0) 0 0 M*/<)' 9-* *+?( 06';0' '<)* *% -*%' *( 5')/0 &'(+(-0, ' '6')+0' 6') '+)' /*/<)' *+)-&+-)0%* &060&* * 6)'6')&'(0) 06';' >*)+&0% < M*/<)' 60)0 %' &-0%* %0 0&&4( * 0)&' ')7(0 &'/6)*'(* <0' +'0 %0 &'(&'(* * &0)70. & M-)' ; 6**+0%*. N' * 6*)/+* *% -' *% &'(&)*+' /6%* *( &'%-/(0 &'( 5(* *+)-&+-)0%*.
2!2!2! CONCRETO AR#ADO! S*7( A)+=-) H. N%'( 21 P0)0 &'(+)0))*+0) *+0 %/+0&4(, *( %0 *7-(0 /+0 *% 7%' #I# * &'(*)4 50&+<%* -+%0) 0&*)' 60)0 )*5')0) *% &'(&)*+' *<' 0 - 0%+0 )*+*(&0 0 %0 +*(4(, 6)(&60%/*(+* *( 09-*%%' +' '(* %0 <00 )*+*(&0 0 %0 +*(4( *% &'(&)*+' %/+0)80 %0 &060&0 6')+0(+* *% *%*/*(+'. E% )*5-*)' &'(5')/0' --0%/*(+* 6') <0))0 &)&-%0)* * 0&*)' '( *5')/0&'(* -6*)5&0%* 06)'600 60)0 6)'6')&'(0) 0=*)*(&0, * &'%'&0 *( %0 5')/0%*+0 0(+* * >0&0) *% &'(&)*+'. U(0 >* %0 <0))0 *+?( &'/6%*+0/*(+* )'*00 6') %0 /00 *% &'(&)*+' *(-)*&', &'/*(0( 0 5')/0) 60)+* (+*7)0% *% *%*/*(+'. L0 &'/<(0&4( )*-%+0(+* * %' ' /0+*)0%*, &'('&0 &'/' concreto reforzado, &'/<(0 /-&=0 * %0 >*(+00 * &00 -(' )*+*(&0 0% &%/0 ; 0%
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2!2!%! CONCRETOS DE ALTA RESISTENCIA! P0)0 A'&*/ 21" L' &'(&)*+' -+%0' *( *% P*), &'( 6)'64+' *+)-&+-)0%*, '( *6*&5&0' 7*(*)0%/*(+* *( *% )0(7' * 1 0 21 7&/2, 0%&0(0(' *>*(+-0%/*(+* )*+*(&0 * 2Q 0 3K 7&/2. E+' %+/' * &'(*)0( *( (-*+)' /*' &'/' &'(&)*+' * 0%+0 )*+*(&0. L0 6)/*)0 &'(+)-&&4( *( &'(&)*+' * 0%+0 )*+*(&0 * )*0%4 =0&* A6)'/00/*(+* 3 0:', 6') %0 0+*)0; E6*)/*(+0% S+0+'( * %0 U.S.A. A)/; ')&*, *( -(' %' -<+*))(*' 60)0 %0 -*)0 A?)*0@ &=' C'(&)*+' +*(80 -(0 )*+*(&0 * 7&/2. E% */6%*' *% &'(&)*+' * 0%+0 )*+*(&0 * *0))'%%4 (&0%/*(+* *( %0 &-0 * C=&07', 6*)/+*(' *5&' * &'(&)*+' 0)/0' * 7)0( 0%+-)0. C'/' '( H'+*% E*&-+>* H'-*, C=&07' 1K, 113 /. M0)(0 C+;, C=&07' 12, 1Q /. L0 T'))* L0* P'(+, C=&07', 13.. O(* S=*%% P%00, H'-+'( 1, 21 /. 0+*) T'*) P%0&*, C=&07' 1K, 22 /. 311 S'-+= 0&*) D)>*, C=&07' 1QQ, 2QQ /. P0)0 NRMCA 21" E -( +6' * &'(&)*+' * 0%+' **/6*:', 9-* &'/(/*(+* +*(* -(0 )*+*(&0 0 %0 &'/6)*(4( * 6 ' /. L0
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2!4!1! FACTORES CLI#ATOLOGICOS P0)0 AMBROSE, 1Q *+*( 50&+')* &%/0+'%47&' 9-* 6')80( 0&+-0) *( 5')/0 (*70+>0 *( %0 )*+*(&0 *% &'(&)*+'@ ;0 *0 0% /'/*(+' * - *%0<')0&4( ' %-*7' *% 5)07-0'. C-0(' * *+ *( *% 6)'&*' * *%0<')0&4( *% &'(&)*+' V0&0', 6'*/' /*(&'(0) &'/' 50&+')* &%/0+'%47&' (*70+>' %' 7-*(+*
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u!edad del a!biente Na%a Fre7tica de los $uelos, -( &'(&)*+' ;0
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2!4!2! FACTORES T;CNICOS J0)' N:' 21 05)/0 9-* (' 4%' *+*( 50&+')* &%/0+'%47&' 9-* 05*&+0( %0 )*+*(&0 * -( &'(&)*+', (' +0/<?( 50&+')* * 06*&+' +?&(&', *( *% /<+' *% 6)'5*'(0%/' ; <-*(0 *%0<')0&4(. E(+)* *%%' * /*(&'(0( %' 7-*(+* •
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ESTRUCTURA DE LA RESIDENCIAL A#ANCAES FRENTE A
LOS FACTORES QUE LA AFECTAN! E( *% 6)'&*' * *%0<')0&4( * &00 *%*/*(+' *+)-&+-)0% P)'&*' * V0&0' * C'(&)*+', * L0 R**(&0% A/0(&0*, * &'(+4 &'( -(0 -6*)>4( P)'5*'(0% ; T?&(&0 (+*)/*0, ;0 9-* *% I(7*(*)' -6*)>') *(&0)70', 0+80 0 '<)0 *% &00 ' 80 60)0 %0 -6*)>4(, %' &-0% 7*(*)4 *( 0%7-(' &0', *))')* *( %' *%*/*(+' *+)-&+-)0%*, +0%* &'/' &0(7)**)0 (Ver Figura N6 ) ; 5-)0. S* */6%*0)'( %' +6' * &*/*(+', 07)*70' ; 0+>' &'))*6'(*(+* 60)0 &00 *%*/*(+' *+)-&+-)0%, ; 5-* ><%* 9-* *% 6*)'(0% '<)*)' 9-* 60)+&64 *( *% 6)'&*' * *%0<')0&4( *% &'(&)*+', +*(80( %' &'('&/*(+' &0 0*&-0' 60)0 &=0 0&+>0, ;0 9-* &'/' * /*(&'(4 0(+*)')/*(+*@ * =&*)'( ('+0<%* 0%7-(' 6*9-*:' *))')* *( %0 *+)-&+-)0. C0<* /*(&'(0) 9-* +0(+' %0 -6*)>4( 6)'5*'(0% ; %0 /0(' * '<)0 &0%5&00 *(+)' * -( 6)'&*' * *%0<')0&4( *% &'(&)*+', *+( 8(+*7)0/*(+* )*%0&'(00.
III!
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E% &'(&)*+', ;0 *0 S/6%* ' A)/0', * *% /0+*)0% 6)*'/(0(+* * &'(+)-&&4( *( %0 *5&0&'(* * &0)&+*) * >>*(0 *( *% D+)+'
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IV!
RECO#ENDACIONES E( 5-(&4( 0 %' *6-*+' 0(+*)')/*(+* 6'*/' 06')+0) %' 7-*(+*
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V!
ANE(OS Fi+ur) 1! U' * &*/*(+' 6')+%0( +6' I, 60)0 &'(&)*+' /6%*
Fi+ur) 2! C'(&)*+' /6%* *( &*%' )0'.
Fi+ur) %! C'(&)*+' /6%* *( &*%' )0'.
VI!
REFERENCIAS 'I'LIOGRAFICAS < LIN7OGRAFICAS •
=++6.0&*)'0)*9-60.&'/5%*0/(+*/6%0+*A&*)'C')6')0&'(
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'&11[3[1[HT[BACO2A1K.65 =++6(7*/*&0(&0.&'/+-+')0%*/0(0%+-+')0%(11.=+/%