informe - solidos disueltos

Año de la Diversificación Productiva Productiva y del Fortalecimiento de la Educación

INFORME #3: SOLIDOS TOTALES DISUELTOS Y SUSPENDIDOS

CURSO: ANALISIS DE AGUA Y DESAGUE DES AGUE UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN AGUSTIN FACULTAD: Ing. Civil ESCUELA PROFESIONAL: Ing. Sanitaria NOMBRE: Kelly Tejada Perfet! CUI: "#$""%#"  TU&NO: 'arte( )*$$ a+

FECHA: $,-$#-$

AQP2015

SOLIDOS TOTALES DISUELTOS Y SUSPENDIDOS INTRODUCCIÓN  T!d! ti/! de (!iedad e( generad!ra de re(id0!(1 e(t!( /0eden (er (!lid!( ! l230id!(. La /!ri4n 30e !rre(/!nde a l!( re(id0!( l230id!( e(ta +ay!r+ente !n(tit0ida /!r ag0a de a5a(tei+ient! /65li!1 e(ta( (!n la( ag0a( re(id0ale(. La( ag0a( re(id0ale( tienen 0na !+/!(ii4n variada /r!veniente de la( de(arga( de 0(!( +0nii/ale(1 !+eriale(1 de (ervii!( agr2!la(1 /e0ari!(1 d!+7(ti!(1 inl0yend! 8rai!na+ient!( y en general de 0al30ier 0(!1 a(2  !+! la +e9la entre ella(. Ei(ten diver(!( fat!re( a l!( 30e (e le( atri50ye la gran generai4n de ag0a( re(id0ale( entre l!( 30e a5e el a0+ent! /!5lai!nal diver(a( atividade( y /r!e(!( !+/lej!( en ind0(tria. P!r e(ta y !tra( ra9!ne( e( i+/!rtante la reai4n de /lanta( de trata+ient! de ag0a( re(id0ale( a(2 !+! el +!nit!re! de l!( /ar;+etr!( f2(i!(1 302+i!( y 5i!l4gi!( de la( ag0a( 30e (e traten. En e(ta /r;tia (e reali9ara el an;li(i( de (!lid!( (0(/endid!( t!tale( Eddy La arater2(tia f2(ia +;( i+/!rtante del ag0a re(id0al e( el !ntenid! de (!lid!( t!tale( l!( 0ale( e(t;n !+/0e(t!( de +ateria ?!tante1 +aterial (edi+enta5le1 +aterial !l!idal y +aterial en (!l0i4n. L!( (4lid!( (0(/endid!( (!n a30ell!( 30e (!n vi(i5le( y /!r l! reg0lar ?!tan en la( ag0a( re(id0ale( entre la (0/er@ie y el f!nd! e(t!( /0eden (er re+!vid!( /!r diferente( +edi!( 30e /0eden (er f2(i!( ! +e;ni!( a trav7( de alg6n /r!e(! d (edi+entai4n ! @ltrai4n. L!( (4lid!( (0(/endid!( t!tale( (!n la frai4n de l!( (4lid!( t!tale( retenid!( en 0n @ltr! !n 0n ta+a! de /!r! e(/ei@! +edid! de(/07( de 30e Ba (id! (ead! a 0na te+/erat0ra e(/ei@a e( i+/!rtante t!+ar en 0enta el ta+a! del /!r! y ti/! de /a/el @ltr! 0tili9ar. L!( (4lid!( (0(/endid!( v!l;tile( (!n l!( (4lid!( 30e /!der v!latili9ad!( ! ininerad!( 0and! l!( (4lid!( (0(/endid!( t!tale( (!n alinad!( a 0na te+/erat0ra de ###C la !nentrai4n de (!lid!( v!l;tile( (e (0ele !n(iderar !+! 0na +edida a/r!i+ada del !ntenid! de +ateria !rg;nia. La /rini/al nat0rale9a de l!( (4lid!( e( la +ateria !rg;nia ade+;( e(t!( e(t;n f!r+ad!( /!r alg0n!( de l!( +ateria e( +;( !5jeta5le( en el ag0a re(id0al. Se atri50ye 30e a +ay!r /arte de l!( (4lid!( (0(/endid!( en el ag0a re(id0al (!n de(eB!( B0+an!( !+! de(/erdii!( de ali+ent!(1 /a/el1 tra/!(1 et. 30e llegan a f!r+ar 0na +a(a de (!lid!( (0(/endid!( en el ag0a.

RESUMEN En e(ta /r;tia el !5jetiv! /rini/al e( inve(tigar la /re(enia de (!lid!( di(0elt!( y (0(/endid!( /!r el +7t!d! gravi+7tri!1 (edi+entai4n /ara l! 0al 0(a+!( n0e(tra /r!/ia +0e(tra de ag0a re(id0al tra2da de Bi+/inilla( e(/e2@a+ente el ag0a 30e e( tratada /!r la /lanta de trata+ient! de ag0a( re(id0ale( Bil/ina teniend! " /0nt!( /!r d!nde !rre el ag0a t!+a+!( # +lde ada /0nt! de +0e(tre! y (e /r!edi4 a anali9arla( /ara l0eg! Baer l!( ;l0l!( y deter+inar la antidad de (!lid!( 30e e(ta !nten2an.

MARCO TEORICO EL TÉRMINO SOLIDOS: ae al0(i4n a +ateria (0(/endida ! di(0elta en 0n +edi! a0!(!. La deter+inai4n de (4lid!( di(0elt!( t!tale( +ide e(/e2@a+ente el t!tal de re(id0!( (4lid!( @ltra5le( <(ale( y re(id0!( !rg;ni!(= a trav7( de 0na +e+5rana !n /!r!( de ".# F+
a+5iente( Bi/er(alin!( (e 0tili9an general+ente v!l6+ene( de " +l= /ara l0eg! eva/!rarl! a $#C1 Ba(ta 30e alane 0n /e(! !n(tante. A !ntin0ai4n1 (e /r!ede a /e(ar el re(id0! @ltra5le 30e /er+anee l0eg! de la

eva/!rai4n. DiB! val!r re/re(enta la !nentrai4n de (4lid!( di(0elt!( t!tale(.

En el a(! de +0e(tra( de ag0a /r!veniente( de a+5iente( (alin!( (e /0ede deter+inar el !ntenid! de (4lid!( @ltra5le( in!rg;ni!( y !rg;ni!( 30e+and! la +0e(tra1 l0eg! de (er /revia+ente @ltrada y eva/!rada. Al 30e+ar la +0e(tra 0tili9and! te+/erat0ra( entre ## y #C 30eda (4l! la eni9a in!rg;nia. La /7rdida en /e(! de la +0e(tra re/re(enta el !ntenid! de +ateria !rg;nia. Un +7t!d! altern! y +;( (enill! !n(i(te en e(ti+ar l!( (4lid!( di(0elt!( t!tale( 0tili9and! la +edida de !nd0tividad del ag0a. Se Ba en!ntrad! 30e ei(te 0na !rrelai4n direta entre !nd0tividad y !nentrai4n de (4lid!( di(0elt!( t!tale(
i!ne( /re(ente( en el ag0a. En diB!( a+5iente(1 a0n 0and! la (alinidad de d!( e(tai!ne( /0diera (er la +i(+a1 la !nd0tividad /0ede (er (igni@ativa+ente diferente1 dad! 30e la( diferente( e(/eie( i4nia( /re(entan nivele( de !nd0tania e(/e2@a diferente(. Para l!( a+5iente( de ag0a d0le y (al05re (e /0ede 0tili9ar la (ig0iente e/re(i4n:

Alg0n!( +etr!( de !nd0tividad /r!veen la a/aidad de +edir S4lid!( Di(0elt!( T!tale(. En diB!( in(tr0+ent!( (e 0tili9a 0n val!r  al0lad! /!r el fa5riante.

L! !"$%! %$!&'(! (()'! *SDT+ C!+/renden la( (ale( in!rg;nia(
S$%! (()'! !&!,'%$%! *STS+ Se entiende /!r T!tal de (4lid!( en (0(/en(i4n ! TSS a 0n /ar;+etr! 0tili9ad! en la ali@ai4n de la alidad del ag0a y en el trata+ient! de ag0a(

re(id0ale(. India la antidad de (4lid!( <+edid!( Ba5it0al+ente en +iligra+!( /!r litr! * +g-l=1 /re(ente(1 en (0(/en(i4n y 30e /0eden (er (e/arad!( /!r +edi!( +e;ni!(1 !+! /!r eje+/l! la @ltrai4n en va2!1 ! la entrif0gai4n del l230id!. Alg0na( vee( (e a(!ia a la t0r5ide9 del ag0a.

REFERENCIA La( f0ente( /ri+aria( de TDS en ag0a( ree/t!ra( (!n la e(!rrent2a agr2!la y re(idenial1 la liiviai4n de la !nta+inai4n del (0el! y f0ente de /0nt! de de(arga la !nta+inai4n del ag0a de la( /lanta( de trata+ient! ind0(triale( ! de ag0a( re(id0ale(. L!( !+/!nente( 302+i!( +;( !+0ne( (!n el ali!1 f!(fat!(1 nitrat!(1 (!di!1 /!ta(i! y l!r0r!1 30e (e en0entran en el e(0rri+ient! de n0triente(1 la e(!rrent2a de ag0a( /l0viale( general y la e(!rrent2a de li+a( nevad!( d!nde (e a/lian (ale( de de(Biel! de arretera(. L!( /r!d0t!( 302+i!( /0eden (er ati!ne(1 ani!ne(1 +!l70la( ! agl!+erai!ne( en el !rden de +il ! +en!( +!l70la(1 (ie+/re y 0and! (e f!r+a 0n +ir!*gr;n0l! (!l05le. L!( (4lid!( di(0elt!( t!tale( (e diferenian de l!( (4lid!( (0(/endid!( t!tale(
F./) /! / %' /'%$.!: Un +edid!r de TDS (e 5a(a en la !nd0tividad el7tria
PROCEDIMIENTO EPERIMENTAL: METODO PARA LA DETERMINACION DE SOLIDOS PROCEDIMIENTO PARA SOLIDOS SUSPENDIDOS

-P'!). 4 .'$!(.). ' ,'! %' ,),' 6(. ) &($$7). -A$!$! %' ) /&'!(.) '4nte(e el a/arat! de @ltrad! y el /a/el @ltr!1 B0+ed79a(e e(te !n 0na /e30ea antidad de ag0a de(tilada. 82ltre(e al va2! # +l de v!l0+en +edid! de +0e(tra 5ien +e9lada. L;ve(e !n tre( v!l6+ene( (0e(iv!( de $# +l de ag0a de(tilada /er+itiend! el drenaje !+/let! del @ltr! entre l!( lavad!(1 y !ntin6e(e (0i!nand! d0rante 0n!( tre( +in0t!( de(/07( de ter+inar el @ltrad!. Se/arar(e 0idad!(a+ente el @ltr! del a/arat! y tra(l;de(e a 0na e(t0fa. Alternativa+ente1 /r!7da(e a (e/arar el ri(!l y la !+5inai4n del @ltr! del ada/tad!r del ri(!l1 (i (e e(t; 0tili9and! 0n ri(!l de G!!B. S730e(e en e(t0fa a $#*$#C d0rante 0na B!ra al +en!(1enfr2e(e en 0n de(ead!r /ara e30ili5rar la te+/erat0ra y /a(e(e.&e/etir el il! de (ead!1 enfria+ient!1 de(eai4n y /e(ad! Ba(ta !5tener 0n /e(! !n(tante ! Ba(ta 30e la /7rdida de /e(! (ea +en!r del ,  del /e(! /revi! a +en!r de #. +g. CALCULO

PROCEDIMIENTO PARA SOLIDOS SEDIMENTABLES Ll7ne(e 0n !n! de I+B! Ba(ta la +ara de $### +l <##  "# +l= !n 0na +0e(tra del ag0a 5ien +e9lada. D7je(e (edi+entar d0rante , +in0t!(1 (0ave+ente agite la +0e(tra de l!( lad!( el !n!1 deje la +0e(tra (edi+entar n0eva+ente /er! /!r $ +in0t!(. L0eg! reg2(tre(e el v!l0+en de (4lid!( (edi+enta5le( +edid!( (eg6n la grad0ai4n del !n!1 indiand! +g-l.

CALCULO

P.'%$/$'( ' ' )8.)(.$ 19- t!+a+!( 0na +0e(tra re/re(entativa de n0e(tr! ag0a re(id0al de Bil/inilla( # +l del /0nt! $al ig0al 30e del /0nt! " 29-/e(a+!( n0e(tr!( va(!( de /rei/itad! vai!( 39-llena+!( la +0e(tra !n ay0da de 0n +atra9 y l0eg! l!( !l!a+!( en 0na !inilla /ara 30e Bierva Ba(ta (ear t!d! el !ntenid! y (!l! 30eden l!( (!lid!( 9-0na ve9 (e Ba eva/!rad! t!d! el ag0a lleva+!( n0e(tra +0e(tra a 0na e(t0fa /ara 30e (e30e t!tal+ente 59-(e !l!a la( +0e(tra( en 0n (ead!r e(/eial y /a(ad! iert!( +in0t!( (e v0elve a /e(ar y (e /r!ede a reali9ar l!( ;l0l!( re(/etiv!(.

DATOS OBTENIDOS MUESTRA: Ag0a &e(id0al Bi+/inilla -M&'!(.) %' P&( 1 P'! %' ;)! %' ,.'$,$()$" ;)<: )).) gr P'! %' ;)! %' ,.'$,$()$" ;)< = /&'!(.) !'): )).))$ gr V&/' %' ) /&'!(.): # +l -M&'!(.) %' ,&( 2 P'! %' ;)! %' ,.'$,$()$" ;)<: $.$#% gr P'! %' ;)! %' ,.'$,$()$" ;)< = /&'!(.) !'): $.$, gr V&/' %' ) /&'!(.): # +l

FOTOS DE LA PR>CTICA

RESULTADOS CONCLUSIONES

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$.*L!( (4lid!( (0(/endid!( t!tale( ! el re(id0! n! @ltra5le de 0na +0e(tra de ag0a nat0ral ! re(id0al ind0(trial ! d!+7(tia1 (e de@nen !+! la /!ri4n de (4lid!( retenid!( /!r 0n @ltr! de @5ra de vidri! 30e /!(teri!r+ente (e (ea a $#*$#C Ba(ta /e(! !n(tante. ".*Una +0e(tra 5ien +e9lada (e /a(a a trav7( de 0n @ltr! e(t;ndar de @5ra de vidri!1 /revia+ente /e(ad!1 y el re(id0! retenid! (e (ea a $#*$#C Ba(ta /e(! !n(tante. El inre+ent! de /e(! del @ltr! re/re(enta el t!tal de (4lid!( (0(/endid!(. .*Si el +aterial (0(/endid! ta/!na el @ltr! y /r!l!nga la @ltrai4n1 la diferenia entre l!( (4lid!( t!tale( y l!( (4lid!( di(0elt!( t!tale( /0ede dar 0n e(ti+ativ! de l!( (4lid!( (0(/endid!( t!tale(.

,.*E(te +7t!d! e( a/lia5le a ag0a( /!ta5le(1 (0/er@iale(1 y (alina(1 ag0a( re(id0ale( d!+7(tia( e ind0(triale( y ll0via ;ida1 en 0n interval! de , a "# . ### +g-L. .*De5id! a 30e 0n re(id0! ee(iv! en el @ltr! /0ede f!r+ar 0na !(tra 30e i+/ide el /a(! del ag0a1 li+itar el ta+a! de +0e(tra de tal +anera 30e (e !5tengan !+! +;i+! "## +g de re(id0!. %.*El ta/!na+ient! del @ltr! /r!l!nga la @ltrai4n y /0ede /r!d0ir re(0ltad!( alt!( de5id! a la ee(iva reteni4n de (4lid!( !l!idale(. Q.*Para +0e(tra( !n elevad! !ntenid! de (4lid!( di(0elt!(1 enj0agar +0y 5ien el @ltr! /ara a(eg0rar la re+!i4n del +aterial di(0elt!. R.*Se l!gr4 !n!er y a/render el /r!edi+ient! /ara la deter+inai4n de l!( di(tint!( (4lid!(.

BIBLIOGRAFIA *APA1 AA1 APL8. '7t!d!( n!r+ali9ad!( /ara an;li(i( de ag0a( y ag0a( re(id0ale(. $Q edii4n. A+erian P05li ealtB A((!iati!n En. NeH Y!r $))". *EN&Y1 .GLYNN. Ingenier2a a+5iental1 $))). QQR/. * LANO&E1 8E&NAND. Ingenier2a Sanitaria II1 'an0al de /r;tia(. * 'ETCAL8 > EDDY. Ingenier2a de ag0a( re(id0ale(. V!l. $ Ed.' GraH ill. E(/aa1 $)). *PA&EDES1 D.1GUE&&E&O1 .1CASTAWO1 '. "##$. 'et!d!l!g2a /ara la eval0ai4n de la alidad del ag0a. Sientia et teBnia1 N 1 /ag $$*$$).