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MONONITROBENZENE
HYDROGEN
TARS
Phenol KBR has been involved in leading-edge phenol technology for over 50 years and has completed more than 50 phenol projects worldwide. KBR’s phenol technology team provides services to clients including technology licensing and support in the initial planning phase of projects, through process design, engineering and construction of phenol plants. Once the plant is onstream, KBR provides technical services to continually optimize production and meet client goals. KBR’s phenol process:
ACETONE PRODUCT
SPENT AIR
• Is highly efficient and well integrated • Offers reduced capital and operating costs CONCENTRATION
• Maximizes plant safety and operability
PHENOL FRACTIONATION
PHENOL PRODUCT
CATALYST
• Produces highest yields and lowest emissions CLEAVAGE
AIR
The Process
Cumene is oxidized with air at high efficiency to produce cumene hydroperoxide (CHP). CHP is then concentrated and cleaved to phenol and acetone in the presence of an acid catalyst using KBR’s Advanced Cleavage System. The reaction conditions have been optimized to provide high selectivity and safety. The catalyst is removed, and the CUMENE HYDROCARBON cleavage mixture is fractioned toRECOVERY produce high-purity products. The process produces extremely high-quality phenol PHENOL RECOVERY and acetone suitable for all applications. The fractionation train can be designed to either separate WASTE OIL TO FUEL alpha methyl styrene (AMS) as a pure co-product or hydrogenate the AMS to cumene for recycle to oxidation. Phenol and, optionally, WASTEWATER EFFLUENT TREATMENT co-product acetophenone (AP) are recovered from a heavies stream, which is a useful fuel. The aqueous effluent is pretreated to allow efficient biotreatment of plant wastewater.
Air
Light Ends
Cumene
Spent Air
AMS Hydrogenation
Oxidation
Acetone Fractionation
Hydrogen
Recycle Cumene
Organics
Salt Solution Fresh Cumene
Concentration
Cumene Hydroperoxide
Acid
Acetone
Cleavage
Neutralization
Wastewater to Dephenolation
Phenol Fractionation
Phenol
Heavies Removal
Heavy Ends
Optimized Oxidation System KBR’s phenol technology employs a highly efficient dry oxidation system which results in an oxidation yield of more than 95 percent by lowering the formation of by-products. The operating conditions in the oxidation system are optimized weighing all factors such as reaction kinetics and selectivity, air compression and vent gas treatment cost requirements, and process safety by minimizing the inventory of CHP.
Highly Efficient Purification Technology KBR Phenol technology produces the highest purity phenol in the industry. Total cresols are typically less than 100 ppm, and total organic impurities less than 30 ppm. The highly efficient dry oxidation and advanced cleavage systems employed in KBR’s phenol technology result in very high yields of phenol and acetone, thus eliminating the need for a heavy-end cracking system found in some phenol plants. This not only reduces the capital and operating costs, but also improves the product quality.
Integrated Pollution Prevention System KBR pioneered the development of many environmental control features used in phenol plants, including the integrated vent scrubbing system, catalytic oxidation of off-gas and efficient dephenolation systems. KBR phenol plants achieve lowest emissions, operate at forefront of pollution prevention and meet the most stringent standards in the industry. KBR phenol plants use state-of-the-art safety protection systems to ensure safe operating conditions at all times. These plants are safe, reliable and easy to operate. KBR Phenol Product Quality Property Appearance Purity (dry basis) Total Organic Impurities Water Color (APHA) Solidification Point (dry material) Total Carbonyls 2-Methylbenzofuran (2-MBF) Sulfuric Acid Discoloration (SAD) test Iron
Specification Clear 99.99 wt% min. < 30 wt ppm < 200 wt ppm <5 40.85 °C min. < 10 wt ppm < 2 wt ppm 95% min. < 0.2 wt ppm