GF@FHFB CHCGCE GCYJE T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@ ’ ( ]-LC ]-LC HT )
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@FTF ^CEOFETF\ ^ukj syu`ur pceuhjs pfekft`fe `cbfdjrft Fhhfb Y_T, yfeo tchfb gcglcrj`fe rfbgft dfe bjdfyfb-Eyf scbjeoof pceuhjs dfpft gceychcsfj`fe Tuofs Chcgce Gcsje dceofe kuduh Trfesgjsj Yflu` tcpft pfdf wf`tueyf. ^ceuhjsfe Tuofs ^crceifeffe ^crceifeffe Chcgce Gcsje jej djtueku`fe uetu` gcgceubj sfhfb sftu syfrft `chuhusfe. Dceofe pceyusuefe tuofs jej djbfrfp`fe pfrf gfbfsjswf dfpft gc eoctfbuj pcrceifeffe pcrceifeffe chcgce gcsje pfdf pfdf suftu sjstcg sjstcg Trfesgjsj Yflu` ^ceuhjs gceyfdfrj lfbwf gf`fhfb jej lchug scgpuref lfj` dfrj scoj gftcrj gfupue pceyfkjfeeyf. pceyfkjfeeyf. Setu` jtu sfrfe dfe `rjtj` yfeo gcglfeoue sfeoft djbfrfp`fe dfhfg pceycgpureffe pceycgpureffe gf`fhfb jej. F`bjr `ftf pceuhjs gceouifp`fe tcrjgf `fsjb `cpfdf scguf pjbf` yfeo tchfb gcglfetu gceychcsfj`fe dfe gcrcfhjsfsj`fe pceychcsfjfe pceychcsfjfe tuofs Chcgce Gcsje jej
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GF@FHFB CHCGCE GCYJE ’ T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@
JGFG \AGHJ (>6<6=>9>>4)
LFL J ^CEDFBSHSFE 6.6 Hftfr Lchf`feo Kfrf` yfeo kfub fetfrf duf lufb paras scrjeo tjdf` gcgueo`je`fe trfesgjsj hfeosueo dceofe radf ojoj. Dfhfg bfh dcgj`jfe ifrf trfesgjsj putfrfe ftfu dfyf yfeo hfje dfpft djtcrfp`fe,djgfef djtcrfp`fe,djgfef sclufb sflu` huwcs ftfu rfetfj djlchjt`fe sc`chjhjeo puhj ftfu sprai`ct pfdf pfdf paras. Trfesgjsj dceofe chcgce gcsje yfeo huwcs dfpft djoahaeo`fe ftfs trfesgjsj sflu`,trfesgjsj rfetfj dfe trfesgjsj `flch ftfu tfhj. Dfrj gfifg-gfifg trfesgjsj tcrsclut, `flch ftfu tfhj bfeyf djpf`fj uetu` gf`sud `busus. Trfesgjsj sflu` dfpft djlfoj ftfs tjof `chagpa`. Dfhfg `chagpa` pcrtfgf, sflu` rftf djpfsfeo pfdf puhj sjhjedcr dfe gcecrus`fe gagce fetfrf duf paras yfeo kfrf`eyf dfpft sfgpfj 6> (g) dceofe pcrlfedjeofe putfrfe fetfrf 6/6 sfgpfj =/6. Dfhfg `chagpa` `cduf,sflu` dceofe pcefgpfeo trfpcsjug djpfsfeo pfdf puhj dceofe dceofe fhur dfe gcecrus`fe gcecrus`fe gagce gagce fetfrf duf paras yfeo kfrf`eyf kfrf`eyf dfpft sfgpfj sfgpfj 3 (g) dceofe pcrlfedjeofe putfrfe fetfrf 6/6 sfgpfj ?/6. @chagpa` tcrf`bjr tcrdjrj ftfs sflu` dceofe ojoj yfeo djocrf``fe dceofe sprai`ct pfdf pfdf kfrf` pusft sfgpfj gceifpfj < (g) dfe gcecrus`fe putfrfe scifrf tcpft dceofe pcrlfedjeofe fetfrf 6/6 sfgpfj =/6. Yflu` rftf yfeo lfeyf` djtuhjs dfhfg lu`u-lu`u hfgf lchf`feofe jej pcgf`fjfeeyf pcgf`fjfeeyf tjdf` sclcrfpf hufs hfoj. Efgue f`bjr-f`bjr f`bjr-f`bjr jej dj`cglfeo`fe dj`cglfeo`fe sflu` rftf uetu` lclcrfpf pcgf`fjfe pcgf`fjfe `busus. `busus. Yclfojfe lcsfr trfesgjsj sflu` gceoouef`fe sflu`-] `frcef gudfb pcefeofefeeyf pcefeofefeeyf dfe bfrofeyf pue gurfb. @cicpftfe sflu` djrceifef`fe uetu` 6> sfgpfj <> (g/s) pfdf ugugeyf, dfe gf`sjgug sfgpfj <3 (g/s). Dfyf gf`sjgug yfeo dfpft djtrfesgjsj`fe `urfeo hcljb sfgpfj 3>> (`_). @frcef tcrkfdj shjp fetfrf puhj dfe sflu`,sflu`-] tjdf` dfpft gcecrus`fe putfrfe dceofe pcrlfedjeofe pcrlfedjeofe yfeo tcpft. Dceofe sflu` ojhjr trfesgjsj dfpft djhf`u`fe dceofe pcrlfedjeofe pcrlfedjeofe putfrfe yfeo tcpft scpcrtj pfdf radf ojoj. @frcef jtu sflu` ojhjr tchfb djouef`fe scifrf hufs dfhfg jedustrj gcsje kfbjt,iagputcr,gcsje mata`apj,gcsje tj` hjstrj`,dsl.
6
GF@FHFB CHCGCE GCYJE ’ T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@
JGFG \AGHJ (>6<6=>9>>4)
6.< Tcarj Dfsfr Trfegjsj sflu` gcrupf`fe sfhfb sftu kcejs systcg trfesgjsj. Tcefof/dfyf/gagce puetjr djtrfesgjsj`fe dfrj paras yfeo sftu `cparas yfeo hfje gchfhuj sclufb lcht yfeo gchjeo`fr pfdf puhj yfeo tcrpfsfeo pfdf paras. @cdudu`fe paras yfeo sftu dceofe paras yfeo hfje dfpft sckfkfr ftfupue gceyjhfeo. @cgfgpufe trfesgjsj dfrj systcg jej sfeoft djtcetu`fe ahcb `frf`tcr ocsc`fe fetfrf sflu` dfe pcrgu`ffe puhj. Ahcb sclfl jtu lcsfreyf ofyf tcofeo dfhfg sflu`(yfeo gceof`jlftf`fe gceof`jlftf`fe tcofeofe tfrj`) gcecetu`fe lcsfreyf gagce puetjr yfeo dfpft djtrfesgjsj`fe. @cuetueofe Dfrj Yjsjtcg Trfesgjsj Lcht (djlfedjeo`f ( djlfedjeo`fee dceofe systcg trfesgjsj radf r adf ojoj ftfu rfetfj).; 6. Tjdf` lcrjsj`. <. Dfpft gcecrjgf dfe gcrcdfg lclfe `ckut. 9. Kfrf` paras tjdf` tcrtcetu. 4. Djpfedfeo dfrj scoj `aestru`sj dfe pcgluftfe, gudfb dfe gurfb. 3. Bfeyf gcgcrhu`fe sdj`jt pcrfwftfe (tfepf gceoouef`fe pchugfs). @cruojfe dfrj systcg trfesgjsj lcht ; 6. Yhjp yfeo tcrkfdj gceof`jlft`fe rfsja feo`f putfrfe tjdf` `aestfe. <. Dju`ur dfrj lcsfreyf tcefof yfeo djtrfesgjsj`fe, systcg trfesgjsj sflu` gcgcrhu`fe djgcesj/u`urfe yfeo yfeo hcljb lcsfr dfrjpfdf systcg systcg trfesgjsj radf ojoj gfupue rfetfj. rfetfj. Trfesgjsj sflu` dfpft djlfoj ftfs tjof `chagpa` yfjtu; f. @chagpa` yfeo pcrtfgf ; sflu` rftf djpfsfeo pfdf puhj sjhjedcr dfe gcecrus`fe gagce fetfrf duf paras yfeo kfrf`eyf dfpft dfpft sfgpfj 6> (g) dceofe dceofe pcrlfedjeofe pcrlfedjeofe putfrfe fetfrf 6/6 sfgpfj =/6. l. @chagpa` yfeo `cduf ; sflu` dceofe pcefgpfeo trfpcsjug djpfsfeo djp fsfeo pfdf puhj dceofe fhur dfe gcecrus`fe gagce fetfrf duf paras yfeo kfrf`eyf dfpft sfgpfj 3 (g) dceofe pcrlfedjeofe pcrlfedjeofe putfrfe fetfrf 6/6 sfgpfj ?/6 . i. @chagpa` yfeo `ctjof sflu` dceofe ojoj yfeo djocrf``fe dceofe spra`ct pfdf kfrf` pusft sfgpfj gceifpfj < (g), dfe gcecrus`fe putfrfe scifrf tcpft dceofe pcrlfedjeofe pcrlfedjeofe fetfrf 6/6 sfgpfj sfgpfj =/6.
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GF@FHFB CHCGCE GCYJE ’ T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@
JGFG \AGHJ (>6<6=>9>>4)
Yclfojfe lcsfr trfesgjsj sflu` gceoouef`fe sflu` ’ ] `frcef gudfb pcefeofefeeyf dfe bfrofeyfpue gurfb. @cicpftfe sflu` djrceifef`fe uetu` 6> sfgpfj <> (g/s) pfdf ugugeyf, dfe gf`sjgug sfgpfj <3 (g/s). Dfyf gf`sjgug yfeo dfpft djtrfesgjsj`fe `urfeo hcljb sfgpfj 3>> (`w). Yflu` ftfu tfhj yfeo djouef`fe uetu` gceojrjg`fe dfyf dfrj sftu paras yfeo hfje gchfhuj `ftrah yfeo lcrputfr dj `cicpftfe yfeo sfgf ftfu pfdf `cicpftfe yfeo lcrlcdf . Kughfb dfyf djtrfesgjsj`fe tcrofetueo pfdf mf`tar-mf`tar lcrj`ut ; 6. @cicpftfe sflu` . <. @ctcofeofe dj gfef sflu` djtcgpft`fe pfdf `ftrah . 9. Lusur `aetf` fetfrf lcht dfe `cijh `ftrah . 4. @aedjsj dj gfef sflu` djouef`fe .
Dfpft djiftft lfbwf ; f) ^aras bfrus lcefr sckfhfe uetu` gcgfstj`fe scrfofg `ctcofeofe `ctcofeofe dj schurub lfojfe sflu` . l) @ftrah tjdf` lahcb tcrhfhu lcrdc`ftfe , dfhfg rfeo`f lfbwf lusur lusur dfrj `aetf` pfdf puhhcy yfeo hcljb `cijh gueo`je sclfofj lcsfr gueo`je i) @ftrah tjdf` lahcb lcojtu kfub uetu` gceyclfl`fe sflu` uetu` gcejglfeo lcrft pfdf paras ,scbjeoof ,scbjeoof gcejeo`ft`fe lclfe ocsc`fe ocsc`fe pfdf lfetfhfe lfetfhfe . d) Yflu` pfekfeo icedcrueo lcrfyue dfrj sjsj `c sjsj , gceyclfl`fe sflu` `cbfljsfe `ftrah , yfeo pfdf ojhjrfeeyf gceocglfeo`fe ljetj`-ljetj` lceo`a` dj sflu` . c) Yjsj `ctft lcht bfrus dj lfojfe lfwfb , scbjeoof gcharat fpf pue yfeo bfdjr pfdf sjsj haeoofr f`fe gcejeo`ft`fe lusur `aetf` pfdf puhj . m) Setu` gcedfpft`fe bfsjh yfeo lfj` dceofe sflu` dftfr , kfrf` gf`sjgug fetfrf paras tjdf` lahcb hcljb dfrj 6> gctcr dfe gjejgug tjdf` lahcb `urfeo dfrj 9,3 ` fhj djfgctcr dfrj `ftrah yfeo hcljb lcsfr
9
GF@FHFB CHCGCE GCYJE ’ T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@
JGFG \AGHJ (>6<6=>9>>4)
Kcejs-Kcejs Trfesgjsj Yflu` ;
Trfesgjsj sflu` hurus
@clfeyf`fe kcejs trfesgjsj sflu` jej djpf`fj uetu` puhj yfeo lcrputfr dceofe frfb yfeo sfgf dfe paras djgfef djgfef puhj tcrsclut tcrpfsfeo gcgpueyfj gcgpueyfj ofrjs suglu yfeo sckfkfr dfe barjzaetfh , tctfpj dfpt kuof djfpf`fj uetu` paras vcrtjifh , gfupue gjrjeo.
f. Trfesgjsj sflu` tfepf pcecofeo F`jlft lcrfteyf scedjrj, sflu` tjdf` pcrhu djlcrj ofyf tcofeo (ofyf tfrj`) hfoj. Jej djpf`fj uetu` paras dceofe `cdudu`fe barjzaetfh dfe yfeo gcgjhj`j kfrf` paras (Hf)53g. Setu` tukufe jej, gf`f gf`f sjsj tcofeo/tfrj` tcofeo/tfrj` dfrjsflu` dfrjsflu` djhctf``fe djlfojfe djlfojfe lfwfb. l. Trfesgjsj sflu` guhur @frcef sflu` hcljb pcedc` dfrj pfdf kfrf` paras Hf, gf`f scwf`tu djpfsfeo pfdf puhj sflu` gcekfdj gcekfdj lcrtfglfb lcrtfglfb pfekfeo scifrf scifrf chfstji. Yjstcg jej djpf`fj uetu` kfrf` paras Hf83g dfe kuof uetu` paras dceofe `cdudu`fe `cdudu`fe vcrtjifh gfupue gjrjeo. ^cgcrj`sffe ^cgcrj`sffe tcofeofe pfdf sflu` jej bfrus schfhu djhf`u`fe kj`f tcrdfpft `chcglflfe udfrf dfe tcgpcrftur yfeo lcrulfb-ulfb. i. Trfesgjsj sflu` dceofe puhj pcecofeo ^uhj pcecofeo gcec`fe sjsj `cedar dfrj sflu` djdc`ft puhj `cijh dfrj hufr dfe dceofe dcgj`jfe sudut hjhjt/`aetf` hjhjt/`aetf` gcekfdj lcrtfglfb lcrtfglfb lcsfr. ^uhj pcecofeo pcecofeo jej lc`crkf lc`crkf ftfs dfsfr lcrfteyf scedjrj ftfu `crcef `crkf sclufb pcofs. ^ceoofetjfe frfb putfrfe pfdf systcg jej tjdf` gueo`je (bfrus djbjedfrj). d. Trfesgjsj sflu` dceofe chcgce pcecofeo hfje Ychfje lcrupf puhj, chcgce pcecofeo dfpft lcrupf ; 6. Lfut <. Lfeduh pcglcrft 9. Gagce puetjr lfhj` 4. Yjstcg YCY^F
4
GF@FHFB CHCGCE GCYJE ’ T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@
JGFG \AGHJ (>6<6=>9>>4)
Trfesgjsj sflu` sjhfeo
Ycgf`je hfgf sce`je kfrfeo pcgf`fje trfesgjsj sflu` sjhfeo uetu` frfb putfrfe puhj yfeo lcrhfwfefe lcrhfwfefe dfe puhj tcrhctf` pfdf suglu yfeo yfeo sckfkfr, `frcef djsfgpjeo djsfgpjeo pcglclfefe pcglclfefe puhj yfeo yfeo jtdf` gceouetueo`fe gceouetueo`fe f`jlft ofyf puetjr tfglfbfe, lfojfe tcpj dfrj sflu` kuof icpft fus, tcruftfg pfdf sfluf` rftf yfeo hclfr. Setu` `cpcrhufe suglu paras dfrj puhj yfeo lcrsjhfeofe dceofe scglfrfeofe sudut, gf`f djpcrhu`fe rah pcgfedu sflu` rftf. Setu` gceobjedfr`fe hcpfseyf sflu` dfrj puhj, gf`f lfojfe sflu` dfrj sjsj tfrj` bfrus hurus, scdfeo`fe scdfeo`fe pfdf sjsj sjsj `cedar dfpft dfpft gjrjeo. Trfesgjsj sflu` kuof dfpft dj rfeifeo; f. Yclfofj trfesgjsj bcetj-`crkf dceofe scgfifg gc`fejsgc scpcrtj radf ojoj ocscr. Ljfsfeyf, uetu` tukufe bcetj-`crkf djpfsfeo`f sclufb `aphjeo yfeo hfeosueo djsfglueo dceofe puhj. l. Yclfofj trfesgjsj dceofe feo`f putfrfe lcrtjeo`ft. Ljfsfeyf sflu` djpjedfb`fe djpjedfb`fe dfrj pfsfeofe puhj yfeo sftu `c yfeo hfje dceofe tfeofe/ gfeufh sctchfb dj`cedar`fe hcljb dfbuhu.
KCEJY-KCEJY LCHT ;
6. Trfesgjsj sflu` dftfr (mhft lcht) Djouef`fe dj jedustrj dceofe dfyf yfeo iu`up lcsfr, kfrf` fetfr puhj ljfsfeyf sfgpfj sfgpfj 6> g. <. Trfesgjsj sflu` ] (]-lcht) Yflu`-] tcrluft dfrj `frct dfe gcgpueyfj pcefgpfeo trfpcsjug. Djouef`fe pfdf gcsje-gcsje jedustrj djgfef kfrf` fetfr puhj dc`ft. 9. Trfesgjsj sflu` luedfr ( ijriuhfr lcht ) ^fhjeo kfrfeo djouef`fe, ljfsfeyf djpf`fj uetu` gcetrfesgjsj`fe dfyf yfeo `cijh, dfe kfrf` fetfr puhj sfgpfj sfgpfj 3 gctcr.
3
GF@FHFB CHCGCE GCYJE ’ T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@
JGFG \AGHJ (>6<6=>9>>4)
Lcht ljfsfeyf ljfsfeyf djluft dfrj `uhjt, `frct, `fpfs dfe pfdufeyf.
T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@ ] (]-LCHT )
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GF@FHFB CHCGCE GCYJE ’ T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@
JGFG \AGHJ (>6<6=>9>>4)
Yflu` ] tcrluft dfrj `frct dfe gcgpueyfj pcefgpfeo trfpcsjug, tceuefe tctarag ftfu scgfifgeyf djpcrouef`fe djpcrouef`fe sclfofj jetj sflu` dfe gcglfwf tfrj`fe yfeo lcsfr. Yflu` ] djlchjt`fe dj `chjhjeo fhur puhj yfeo lcrlcetu` ] puhf. Ofyf ocsc`fe kuof f`fe lcrtfglfb `frcef pceofrub lcetu` lfkj, yfeo f`fe gceobfsjh`fe trfesgjsj dfyf yfeo lcsfr pfdf tcofeofe tcofeofe yfeo rchftjm rcedfb. rcedfb. @cuetueofe dfrj sflu` ] djlfedjeo`fe sflu` dftfr fdfhfb ; 6. Drjvc ]-lcht gcglcrj`fe gcglcrj`fe `c`agpf`fe `frcef kfrf` fetfr pusft-pusft puhj `cijh. <. Yhjp fetfrf sflu` djflfj`fe. 9. hjmctjgc hcljb hfgf, 9 sfgpfj 3 tfbue. 4. Dfpft dceofe gudfb dj laeo`fr pfsfeo. 3. ^ceoapcrfsjfe sflu` dfe puhhcy bfhus. =. \fsja `cicpftfe tjeooj. ?. Tjedf`fe wcdojeo dfrj dfrj sflu` dj fhur gcglcrj`fe ejhfj tjeooj uetu` gcglftfsj rfsja * `ctcofeofe. `ctcofeofe. Ahcb `frcef jtu dfyf yfeo djtrfesgjsj`fe ahcb ]-sflu` hcljb dfrj lchts dftfr uetu` `ctcofeofe yfeo sfgf `acmjsjce ocsc`fe, lusur dfrj `aetf` dfe djjkje`fe dj sflu`. 2. ]-lcht dfpft dfpft djapcrfsj`fe dj `cduf frfb, dceofe sjsj `ctft sflu` dj lfojfe ftfs ftfu lfwfb. Ofrjs tceofb tceofb ljsf barjzaetfh, vcrtj`fh ftfu ftfu gjrjeo.
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GF@FHFB CHCGCE GCYJE ’ T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@
JGFG \AGHJ (>6<6=>9>>4)
6. Tjpc ]-lcht dfe puhj
Ofglfr . S`urfe pcefgpfeo sflu` ]
Tflch Djfgctcr puhj yfeo dj jkje`fe dfe dj fekur`fe (gg)
2
GF@FHFB CHCGCE GCYJE ’ T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@
JGFG \AGHJ (>6<6=>9>>4)
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GF@FHFB CHCGCE GCYJE ’ T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@
JGFG \AGHJ (>6<6=>9>>4)
LFL JJ ^CGLFBFYFE <.6 ^crceifeffe Yflu`-]
Yclufb pceoahfb bfsjh pfece ftfu pcraeta` pfdj f`fe lcrapcrfsj scifrf aptjgfh pfdf putfrfe <>>-4>> rpg.Gatar yfeo djfeoofp djfeoofp scsufj fdfhfb gatar hjstrj` dceofe dfyf < B^ dfe putfrfe 64<> rpg.\ceifef`fe rpg.\ceifef`fe paras dfe sflu`-] sflu`-] yfeo scsufj scsufj dceofe tfesgjsj jej. ^ceychcsfjfe 6.
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Mf`tar @arc`sj dfyf yfeo f`fe djtrfegjsj`fe Dfyf yfeo f`fe djtrfegjsj`fe
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GF@FHFB CHCGCE GCYJE ’ T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@
JGFG \AGHJ (>6<6=>9>>4)
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Lfbfe paras s9>i dceofe `c`uftfe tfrj` TL742 Ym6 =, Ym<7< dceofe fhur pfsf`. Ycsufj dceofe stfedfrt FYGC,uetu` bfrof 62% jej mf`tar `cfgfefe yfeo dj kfgje sclcsfr sclcsfr 3,= bfrof jej uetu` Ym dceofe `c`uftfe yfeo djkfgje dfe =,> uetu` lfbfe Y-I dceofe pceofrub gfssf dfe ofyf pfdufe,`frcef paras dj lcrj fhur pfsf` uetu` pceofrub `aescetrfsj tcofeofe iu`up lcsfr,djfgljh mf`tar yfeo gceyftf`fe sclfofj Ym< dceofe bfrof 6,9-9,> scbjeoof
66
GF@FHFB CHCGCE GCYJE ’ T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@
JGFG \AGHJ (>6<6=>9>>4)
Tf 7 sL / (Y¦6 . Y¦< ) Ym6 7 = , Ym< 7 < ( dceofe fhur pfsf` ) Tf
7 42 / ( =x< ) 7 4 ( `o/gg< )
@t 7 < uetu` lclfe lclfe tuglu`fe tuglu`fe ( @t 7 6,3 ’ 9,> 9,> ) Il 7 < uetu` hceturfe ( Il 7 6,< ’ <,9 <,9 )
=.
ds6 7 { 3,6/tf @t Il T6 }6/9 7 { 3,6 /4,. <. <,9. 6469 }6/9 7 <>,< (gg) ds< 7 { 3,6/tf @t Il T< }6/9 7 { 3,6 /4. <. <,9. 3>6= 3>6= }6/9 7 9>,2? (gg)
djfofrfg djftfs djpcrahcb pcefgpfeo sflu` ’ ] ; tjpc F ,dfrj rceifef ^76,4? dfe ?. Dfrj djfofrfg e6764<>rpg 2.
dgje 7 :3 ( gg )
Tflch. Djfgctcr gjejgug puhj yfeo djjzje`fe dfe djfekur`fe (gg) ^cefgpfeo
F
L
I
D
C
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=3
663
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9>>
43>
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643
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93>
33>
djjzje`fe Djfgctcr gje, yfeo djfekur`fe
6<
GF@FHFB CHCGCE GCYJE ’ T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@
:.
JGFG \AGHJ (>6<6=>9>>4)
d^ 7 :3 , D^ 7 d^ x j 7 :3 x 9,33 7 99? (gg)
d` 7 :3 + (< x ` ) 7 :3 + (< x 4,3) 7 6>4 (gg) D` 7 7 D^ + (< x ` ) 7 99? + (< x 4,3) 7 94= (gg) 3/9 ds6 + 6> (gg) 3/9 x <>,< + 6>
7 49,=? ® dL 7 3> (gg)
3/9 ds< + 6> (gg) 3/9 x 9>,2 + 6> 7 =6,43 =6,43 ® DL 7 =6 (gg)
6>. @cicpftfe Yflu`
p dp
e6
v 7 µµµµµµµµ µµµµµµµµ 7 (g/s) => x 6>>>
9,64 x :3 x 64<> v 7 µµµµµµµµ µµµµµµµµ 7 ?,>= (g/s) => x 6>>>
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69
GF@FHFB CHCGCE GCYJE ’ T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@
d` 6<.
+
JGFG \AGHJ (>6<6=>9>>4)
D`
I - µµµµµµµµ µµµµµµµµ 7 (gg) <
6>4 + 94= 9>> - µµµµµµµµ 7 ?3 (gg), Lfj` Lfj` < 69.
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<>
<>
^a 7 6,96 + ( 6,49 ’ 6,96 6,96 ) ( µµ ) + >,62 + ( >,<> ’ >,62 >,62 ) ( µµ ) <>>
<>>
7 6,96 + >,>6< + >,62 + >.>>< 7 6,3 (`_) 64.
H 7 > + 6,3? ( :3 + 99? ) + 6/4x9>> ( 99? - :3 ) > + =?2 + 4: 7 69,39 (gg)
63.
Eagar eagjefh sflu` ’ ] ] Ea 7 39 H 7 694= (gg)
64
GF@FHFB CHCGCE GCYJE ’ T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@
6=.
JGFG \AGHJ (>6<6=>9>>4)
l 7
l + Ý l< ’ 2 2 (Dp - dp )< I 7 µµµµµµµµµµµµ 2 699= + Ý 699=< ’ 2 2 (99? - :3 )< 7 µµµµµµµµµµµµµµ 2 699= + Ý 6?242:= ’ 4=236< 4=236< 7 µµµµµµµµµµµµµµ 2 6<=9 + Ý
696=924
7 µµµµµµµµµµµµµµ 2 699= + 664? 7 µµµµµµµµµµµµµµ 2 I 7 96> gg
63
GF@FHFB CHCGCE GCYJE ’ T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@
JGFG \AGHJ (>6<6=>9>>4)
3?(Dp - dp ) 6?.
q 7 62>> - µµµµµµ I 3? (99? - :3 ) 7 62>> - µµµµµµ 9>> 7 62>> ’ 4= 7 694> @q 7 >,2?>
62.
E
7
µµµ
^> @q <,>32 E
7 µµµµµ 6,3 x >,2? <,>32
E
7 µµµ 6,9>3 7 6,= Õ < Lufb Lufb
6:.
Dfcrfb pceyctchfe suglu paras DIj ; <> (gg) , DIt ; 4> (gg)
<>. ^cefgpfeo sflu` ’ ] ] Tjpc ; F , Kughfb Yflu` (E) ; < , Djfgctcr Hufr ^uhj
d` 7 6>4,D` 7 94=,<3 Hulfeo paras <>,< gg, 9>,2? gg
+ 4> (gg)
Kfrf` Yuglu ^aras ; 96>
- <> (gg)
6=
GF@FHFB CHCGCE GCYJE ’ T\FEYGJYJ YFLS@
JGFG \AGHJ (>6<6=>9>>4)
LFL JJJ ^CESTS^ 9.6 @csjgpuhfe
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6?
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