Frequency Modulation and Demodulation using Frequency modulator IC 8038 and Phase Locked Loop IC – 565.Full description
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This is the notes for Part-B in Information theory and coding subject for 5th sem E&C students under VTU.Full description
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Analog and Digital Modulation Techniques Computer Networks
Delta modulation and demodulation TrainerFull description
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Amplitude Modulation
index modulation with OFDM
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Frequency Modulation
This paper focuses mainly on Bit Error Rate BER , Signal to Noise Ratio and different Rayleigh channels. We have designed four Rayleigh channels. This paper describes the comparative analysis of different digital modulation techniques like BPSK, QPSK
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Amplitude Modulation
THIS FILE CONTAINS QUESTIONS WITH ANSWER ON THE AM MODULATION TOPIC. CALCULATION.Deskripsi lengkap
Demystifying Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) Index Values Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) Index Values can be used in conjunction with channel width values to allow you to instantly calculate the available data rate of your wireless hardware.
S o what are MCS values and how do you us e the the MCS value lis t? The MCS index value list gives every combination of "number of spatial streams + modulation type + coding rate" that is possible. In practice the achievable achievable MCS value will depend on a large number of variables, and it may be prudent to run your hardware at a lower MCS value on purpose in order to allow for adequate fade margin in your link. The MCS value will only tell you the 'over the air' data rate of a link and not tell you what the actual usable throughput will be. You will need to refer to the d ocumentation of your hardware for this information. The current list of MCS Index Values can be seen in the table below.
MC S IN DE X VA LUE This is the unique reference given to the combination of "number of spatial streams + modulation type + coding rate".
S P A TI A L S TR E A MS Using MIMO technology it is possible currently to run up to 4 spatial streams. Effectively it allows you to use the same area of frequency space to transmit and receive multiple streams of data. Eventually with later revisions of 802.11ac, this will be increased to 8 spatial streams.
MOD UL ULA A TI TION ON TY P E Modulation is the method by which data is communicated through the air. The more complex the modulation, the higher the data rate. More complex modulations require better conditions such as less interference and a good line of sight.
CODING RATE This is an indication of how much of the data stream is actually being used to transmit usable data. This is expressed as a fraction with the most efficient rate being 5/6 or 83.3% of the data stream being used.
GUARD INTER INTER VAL The Guard Interval (GI) is effectively a very short pause between packet transmissions to allow for any false information to be ignored. Longer Guard Intervals make for more reliable wireless.
CHA NNEL WIDTH WIDTH This is how much of the channel is being used, the maximum being 40MHz. The table only shows values for 20MHz and 40MHz, but other values may a lso be used, and the throughput can be calculated by using the shown values as a baseline. For example, a 10MHz channel will provide half the Data Rate of a 20MHz.