this is for those people in the medical field, this is a pathophysiology of cellulitis
pathophysiology for nursing students
yey
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Osteosarcoma occurs mainly in the metaphysic of the long bones. Most tumors arise in bones involved with the knee joint at the distal end of the femur or proximal distal end of the tibia. As a tumor of the mesenchymal cells, ce lls, osteosarcoma demonstrates production of osteiod tissue. The tumor borders are distinct and merge into adjacent normal bone. The etiology is unknown. Predisposing factors include, Ag e- (10-25), Gender(male),Family history, Teenage growth spurt, Tall for age, Previous treatment with radiation, Benign &non-cancerous bone tumor, Lack of exercise, Smoking and drinking ,DNA mutation, Familial susceptibility, Injury and Metabolic/hormonal disturbance. Once there is mutation of the DNA that activates the oncogene which leads to a deactivation of the suppressor gene which causes a malignant osteoblast that leads to proliferation of abnormal osteoblasts. This causes formation formation of osteoid tissue. The osteoid tissue causes uncontrolled growth of the tumor in the bone and therefore causes overcrowding of the bone. There is then suppression of red bone marrow wh ich leads to decreased production of blood cells. a decrease in RBC leads to anemia while a decrease in WBC leads to a lowered infection resistance. The overcrowding also causes pressure inside the
Non-modifiable factors
Etiology Unknown
Modifiable factors
•
Age- (10-25)
•
•
Gender-(male)
•
•
Family history
•
Teenage growth spurt Tall for age DNA mutation Familial susceptibility Metabolic/hormonal disturbance
• • • •
Osteoblasts
• •
Mutations in DNA
Activate Oncogene
Deactivation of tumor suppressor gene
Malignant Proliferation of abnormal osteoblast
Formation of osteoid tissue
Uncontrolled growth of tumor in bone
Overcrowding of the bone
• •
Previous treatment with radiation Benign &non-cancerous bone tumor Lack of exercise Smoking and drinking Injury Metabolic/hormonal disturbance
Suppression of red bone marrow
Increased pressure inside bone
Metastases and spreading to other parts of the body
-pain -swelling
Fractures Decreased production of blood cells
Decreased RBC
Decreases WBC
Anemia
Lowered infection resistance
-aneroxia -fatigue -SOB -diziness
Kidneys
Disturbances in renal filtration
Kidney failure
- Little or no urine output -Flank pain -edema
Organ infiltration
Decreased platelets
CNS
Liver/spleen
Leukocyte cells impair circulation of CSF
Invasion and overcrowding of the liver/spleen
Leukocyte cells compress spinal/cranial nerves
Hepatomegaly/spleenomegaly
Progress to coma -Weakness -Blurred vision -Balance difficulty -Vomiting -lethargy
