UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS FUERZAS ARMADAS – ESPE
DEPARTAMENTO DE ELÉCTRICA Y ELECTRÓNICA CARRERA DE INGENIERÍA MECATRÓNICA ASIGNATURA: LABORATORIO DE MAQUINAS ELECTRICAS GUIA DE PRÁCTICA PRACTICA No. 4
TEMA DE LA PRÁCTICA: TRANSFORMADOR TRIFASICO
REALIZADO POR: ENRIQUEZ GUERRA ANDRES
FECHA:
MIERCOLES 10 DE JUNIO DE 2015
1. Objeti!": 1
1.1. Anal!a" la# $a"a$%&"'#%$a# (& $a(a $on)*+"a$,n. 1.-. I(&n%)$a" la# ()&"&n%&# $on&on&# / 0 / 2 3 2 / 3 2 2 3 / Z 3 Z Z 3 2 Z 3 / / 3 Z 2 3 Z.. 1.. D&%&"5na" la# "&la$on&# (& %"an#)o"5a$,n 6a"a la# (7&"#a# $on)*+"a$on&#.
#. E$%i&!: E8+6o U%l!a(o: • • • • •
F+&n%& (& 6o(&" TF01- F+&n%& (& 6o(&" PS019ol%'5&%"o AC T"an#)o"5a(o" %")#$o TT--T"an#)o"5a(o" %")#$o TR0
'. M()*! Te+)i*!. T)(,"-!)(/!) T)i-0"i*! El %"an#)o"5a(o" &# +n (#6o#%7o 8+& no %&n& 6a"%&# 5,7l&# &l $+al %"an#)&"& la &n&"*'a &l;$%"$a (& +n $"$+%o + o%"o
a$& 6o" lo *&n&"al $on $a5<o# &n lo# 7alo"&# (& 7ol%a=&# ? $o""&n%&#. Ca# %o(o# lo# ##%&5a# 56o"%an%&# (& *&n&"a$,n ? (#%"<+$,n (& 6o%&n$a (&l 5+n(o #on >o? &n ('a ##%&5a# (& $o""&n%& al%&"na %")#$o#. P+&#%o 8+& lo# ##%&5a# %")#$o# (&#&56&@an +n 6a6&l %an 56o"%an%& &n la 7(a 5o(&"na &# n&$&#a"o &n%&n(&" la )o"5a $o5o lo# %"an#)o"5a(o"&# #& +%l!an &n &lla. Con#(&"a
. P)!*e/iie,t!: 4.1. Con &l (a*"a5a (& la )*+"a 1 $o56l&5&n%a(o &n &l %"a
4.4. 4.. 4.. 4.. 4..
L&&" ? "&*#%"a" lo# 7alo"&# (& %&n#,n (& l'n&a ? (& )a#& %an%o &n &l 6"5a"o $o5o &n &l #&$+n(a"o.. A6a*+& la )+&n%& (& 6o(&". A"5a" &l $"$+%o $on &l %"an#)o"5a(o" &n $on&,n /32 ? "&6&%" &l 6"o$&(5&n%o 4.- 4. 4.4 ? 4.. A"5a" &l $"$+%o $on &l %"an#)o"5a(o" &n $on&,n 232 ? "&6&%" &l 6"o$&(5&n%o 4.- 4. 4.4 ? 4.. A"5a" &l $"$+%o $on &l %"an#)o"5a(o" &n $on&,n 20/ ? "&6&%" &l 6"o$&(5&n%o 4.- 4. 4.4 ? 4..
2. Di"e3! /e Ci)*%it!" Re(45(/! e, e4 L(b!)(t!)i!. C!,e6i+, 7 – 7
C!,e6i+, Y – 8
3
C!,e6i+, 7 – 8
C!,e6i+, Y – 7
C!,e6i+, Y – 5
4
9. ib4i!;)(-<(: .1. T&o"a ? anl## (& la# 5a8+na# &l;$%"$a# A.E. F%!*&"al( 1. .-. Ma8+na# El&$%"$a# ? T"an#)o"5a(o"&# I"7n* L. o#o PHD 1. .. Ma8+na# El&$%"$a# E#%)an C>a65an 1. .4. Ma8+na# El&$%"$a# M.P. o#%&nJo LM Ro%"o+#J 1. =. T(b4( /e D(t!" Obte,i/!" e, 4( P)0*ti*(.
5
>. C%e"ti!,()i!: .1. D&%&"5na" la# %&n#on&# (& )a#& ? (& l'n&a ? "&la$,n (& %"an#)o"5a$,n (& %&n#,n 7ol%a=&# (& %o(a# la# $on&on&#.
6
.-. R&al!a" lo# *"a)$a# (& lo# $"$+%o# &l;$%"$o# (a*"a5a (& lo# (&7ana(o# ? +&5a# )a#o"al&# (& %o(a# la# $on&on&#. Conexión Y-Y Circuito Eléctrico •
7
Diagrama de devanados
Esquema fasorial
Conexión Y-Δ Circuito Eléctrico
Diagrama de devanados
8
Esquema fasorial
v Conexión Δ-Y Circuito Eléctrico
Diagrama de devanados
Esquema fasorial
Conexión Δ-Δ Circuito Eléctrico
9
Diagrama de devanados
Esquema fasorial
Conexión Y-Z Diagrama de devanados
Esquema fasorial
10
.. In($a" la# 7&n%a=a# ? (&n%a=a# (& la# ()&"&n%&# )o"5a# (& $on&,n (&l %"an#)o"5a(o" %")#$o.
Ve,t(j(": •
• • •
C!,e6i+, 7 – 7
La $on&,n D0( %&n& la 7&n%a=a (& 8+& &n $a#o (& a7&"'a +no (& lo# %"an#)o"5a(o"&# 6+&(& #&" #&6a"a(o (&l $on=+n%o #n 8+& &#%o 56(a la $on%n+(a( &n &l )+n$ona5&n%o (&l ##%&5a %")#$o a+n8+& $on +na 6o%&n$a %o%al 5&no". E#%a $on&,n no %&n& (la!a5&n%o (& )a#&. No %&n& 6"oa
De"e,t(j(": •
•
C+an(o %"a
C!,e6i+, Y ? 8 Ve,t(j(": •
La $on&,n 20? 6&"5%& (#6on&" (&l n&+%"o %an%o &n &l (&7ana(o (& al%a %&n#,n $o5o &n &l (&
De"e,t(j(": •
•
S la# $a"*a# &n &l $"$+%o (&l %"an#)o"5a(o" no &#%n &8+l<"a(a# &n%on$&# lo# 7ol%a=&# &n la# )a#&# (&l %"an#)o"5a(o" 6+&(&n ll&*a" a (&#&8+l<"a"#& #&7&"a5&n%& Lo# 7ol%a=&# (& %&"$&"a# a"5,n$a# 6+&(&n #&" *"an(&#.
C!,e6i+, 7 ? 8 Ve,t(j(": •
E#%a $on&,n #& +%l!a 5+$>o $o5o %"an#)o"5a(o" &l&7a(o" &n la# "&(&# ( & A.T. En &#%& $a#o la al%a %&n#,n &#% &n &l la(o (& la &#%"&lla lo $+al 6&"5%& 6on&" a %&""a &l 6+n%o n&+%"o $on lo 8+& 8+&(a l5%a(o (&l 6o%&n$al #o<"& $+al8+&"a (& la# )a#&# a la %&n#,n #56l& (&l ##%&5a.
De"e,t(j(": • • •
No #& (#6on& (& n&+%"o 6a"a la %o5a &n &l 6"5a"o. Una a7&"'a &n +na )a#& 56(& &l )+n$ona5&n%o (& la +n(a( %")#$a. D&<(o al (la!a5&n%o (& la )a#& &n%"& la# 5%a(&# (& lo# &n"olla5&n%o# 8+& &#%n $on&$%a(o# &n #&"& 6a"a )o"5a" $a(a )a#& lo# &n"olla5&n%o# "&8+&"&n +n 1.K 5# (& $o<"&.
C!,e6i+, Y ? 7 Ve,t(j(": 11
•
•
E# <+&no 6a"a
De"e,t(j(": • •
E#%a $on&,n %&n& $o5o (&n%a=a 8+& &l 7ol%a=& #&$+n(a"o #& (la!a &n "&%"a#o . No #& 6+&(& $on&$%a" &n 6a"al&lo $on o%"o %"an#)o"5a(o" 6o"8+& no #& $+56l& 8+& lo# n*+lo# (& )a#& (& lo #&$+n(a"o# #&an *+al&# 6o" &l (&#)a#a5&n%o (& lo# .
C!,e6i+, Y ? 5 Ve,t(j(": E#%& 5on%a=& #& +%l!a &n "&(&# (& (#%"<+$,n ?a 8+& 6&"5%& &l +#o (& +n n&+%"o &n &l #&$+n(a"o. S& $o56o"%a <&n )"&n%& a (&#&8+l<"o# (& $a"*a#. D&<(o a la $o56o#$,n (& %&n#on&# (&l la(o #&$+n(a"o #& "&8+&"& +n 1K 5# (& "a# 8+& +na $on&,n &n &#%"&lla $on7&n$onal.
De"e,t(j(": • • •
Co#%o "&la%7a5&n%& &l&7a(o. Co56l&=(a( (& la $on&,n. Solo 6+&(& #&" +%l!a(o 6a"a $a"*a" 5&no"&# a lo# 4 9A.
@. C!,*4%"i!,e": To(a# la# $on&on&# 8+& #& "&al!an &n +n %"an#)o"5a(o" %")#$o #on 56o"%an%&# 6a"a &#$o*&" •
+na a(&$+a(a $on&,n (&<&5o# %&n&" &n $+&n%a $a(a +na (& #+# 7&n%a=a# ? (&n%a=a# a(&5# (& •
%&n&" &n $+&n%a $+al &# &l o<=&%7o (& n+&#%"o (#&@o. Una $on&,n &n &#%"&lla 6o#&& %&n#on&# (& 7ol%a=& (& l'n&a ? (& )a#& &n $a5<o la $on&,n (&l%a #olo %&n& +na %&n#,n (& 7ol%a=& (& l'n&a la "a!,n &# 6o"8+& la $on&,n &#%"&lla 6o#&& n&+%"o ? la
$on&,n (&l%a a$"&$& (& &#%a. 1. Re*!e,/(*i+,: S& (&<& %"a
&l&7a(a# 6o" %an%o %&n&" &n $+&n%a la# n#%"+$$on&# n($a(a# 6o" &l n*&n&"o a la >o"a (& "&al!a" &l $"$+%o ? #+ "&$%7a 5&($,n (& 7ol%a=&#.
12
