Identify acceptable means of validating FEA results to show compliance to related structural FARs.Full description
LTBeamFull description
Full description
GMP Manual Process Validation
Business Requirement Document templateFull description
management policy
Functional requirements of the travel itinerary projectFull description
funcitional requirements of rfp fpr some draft proposalFull description
Descrição completa
Approach to be followed for computer system validation in regulated industry (pharmaceutical)
its working document.Full description
its working document.Full description
Full description
Full description
Descripción completa
SAPFull description
Full description
PVELITE CERIAL
Requirements Validation Table of Contents 1.
Introduction
2.
Requirements Validation Process
3.
Requirements Review
4.
Prototyping
5.
Requirements Testing
6.
Discussion
7.
Self-Assessment
8.
Summary
Note that all external sites and glossary links will open in a new browser window. window. Topic Tools
1.
Introduction
The purpose o re!uire"ents #alidation is to de"onstrate that the sotware has a #alid set o re!uire"ents to work on and these re!uire"ents "eet the needs o the stakeholders. stakeholders. $alidation is parti%ularly i"portant or re!uire"ents& whi%h "ay %hange. 'hanging re!uire"ents usually "eans %hanging the %orresponding %orresponding part o the sotware design and i"ple"entation. (s it is %ostly to a"end erroneous re!uire"ents at a later stage& sotware engineers should #alidate re!uire"ents and identiy the errors in the re!uire"ents as early as possible.
Objectives
Requirements Validation
)pon %o"pletion o this topi%& you should be able to
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
•
des%ribe the #alidation pro%ess
•
identiy the types o #alidation %he%ks
•
explain the three %o""on kinds o #alidation te%hni!ues
2. Requir Requirem ement ents s Valid Validati ation on Proc Process ess
*e!uire"ents *e!uire"ents #alidation is the inal stage o the re!uire"ents engineering pro%ess and deals with the issue o how to get the re!uire"ents right. *e!uire"ents #alidation supple"ents the re!uire"ents eli%itation and analysis pro%ess& whi%h ai"s to obtain the right re!uire"ents. +xa"ples o proble"s in#ol#ed in re!uire"ents "anage"ent in%lude, •
a la%k o %o"plian%e to in-house& industry or international standards
•
a"biguous re!uire"ents
•
re!uire"ents %onli%ts whi%h were not dete%ted during the re!uire"ents eli%itation and analysis pro%ess
Thereore& during the re!uire"ents #alidation pro%ess& sotware engineers should %ondu%t dierent types o %he%ks& su%h as, 1.
$alidity
2.
'ons onsist isten%y en%y
3. 'o"p 'o"ple lete tene ness ss 4.
*ealis"
5. $erii riiab abil ilit ity y 6. Tra%ea a%eabi bili lity ty 7. 'o"p 'o"pre rehe hens nsib ibil ilit ity y 8.
(dap (dapta tabi bili lity ty
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
/in%e there is no other do%u"entation or the sotware engineers or other stakeholders to %o"pare with the re!uire"ents do%u"entation& the #alidation pro%ess depends on the organisation0s standards standards and knowledge on the sube%t. The th ree %o""on kinds o #alidation te%hni!ues are the re!uire"ents re#iew& prototyping prototyping and re!uire"ents testing. These te%hni!ues %o"ple"ent one another. another. Article Portal: Validating Requirements
3.
Requirements Revie
Requirements Review
The re!uire"ents re#iew is a "anual pro%ess& in whi%h readers o "ultiple #iewpoints %ross-%he%k the re!uire"ents to dete%t ano"alies and o"issions. *e!uire"ents *e!uire"ents re#iews %an be or"al or inor"al. any proble"s %an be dete%ted by si"ply dis%ussing with stakeholders beore beore %o""itting to a or"al or"al one. ( or"al re!uire"ents re#iew re!uires the de#elop"ent tea" to walk the stakeholders through the syste" re!uire"ents and explain the rationale and the i"pli%ations o
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
the !uality o re!uire"ents. oreo#er& %riti%al parts o the syste" are likely to ha#e "ore re#iews than other parts o the target syste". t is worthwhile to "ention that& in a re#iew pro%ess& rainstorming is a popular type o a%ti#ity. n a re#iew pro%ess& brainstor"ing starts with a trigger !uestion that the brainstor"ing session session ai"s to answer. arti%ipants then dis%uss their ideas until a %olle%ti#e de%ision is rea%hed. et us re#iew an exa"ple to understand the re!uire"ents re#iew better. better. Requirements Prolem of t!e Article Portal
*eerring to the re!uire"ents proble" in the exa"ple abo#e& the ollowing table lists the sa"ple proble"s o indi#idual re!uire"ents. !rticle Portal " problems and recommendations after revie of some requirements Requirement
Identified problem
The international %opyright organisations "entioned are unknown.
'o"pr 'o"prehe ehensi nsibil bility ity
eine eine the organ organisa isatio tions ns expli%itly.
The "ethod o signing a %opyright or" is unknown. ho %an be approa%hed to obtain "ore inor"ation on this
'o"prehensibility& $eriiability
(dd new re!uire"ents to a%%ept digital signatures.
'urrently& the supplier (daptability auto"ation syste" is not planned. 9ow %an we enable auto"ati% or"s orwarding orwarding
#.
Recommendation
:eore the s su upplier auto"ation syste" is installed& use autogenerated e"ails to orward or"s to suppliers.
Protot$pin%
rototyping is another popular te%hni!ue to #alidate the re!uire"ents o a sotware syste". t uses an exe%utable "odel o the syste" to de"onstrate the eatures to users.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
%onsistent set o syste" re!uire"ents. •
rototyping is suitable or %apturing user-intera%e re!uire"ents. re!uire"ents.
•
t en%ourages strong user in#ol#e"ent. in#ol#e"ent.
'o"pared to the stati% nature o re#iews& the prototyping approa%h is "ore dyna"i% in that it re!uires users to intera%t with the prototype instead o reading do%u"entation and brainstor"ing. The generi% a%ti#ities o prototyping to #alidate re!uire"ents in%lude the ollowing our steps, 1. 'hoose 'hoose proto prototyp type e test testers ers.. 2. e#elo e#elop p test test s%enar s%enarios ios.. 3. +xe% +xe%ut ute e the s%e s%ena nari rios os.. 4. o%u o%u"e "ent nt the the prob proble le"s "s.. et us take a look at the guidelines or ea%h step.
rototyping is parti%ularly useul or de#eloping large& %o"plex syste"s. The prototype thus ser#es as an experi"ental syste" or or"ulating re!uire"ents that "ay be used. (ter the stakeholders agree upon the re!uire"ents exhibited in the prototype& sotware engineers "ay %hoose to dis%ard the prototype. (lternati#ely& they "ay de#elop their target solution on top o the prototype. n this %ase& stakeholders should be aware that the !uality o the inal produ%t "ay be ad#ersely ae%ted and should be prepared to
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
&.
Requirements Te Testin%
The third type o te%hni!ue or #alidating re!uire"ents re!uire"ents is through the %onstru%tion o test %ases based on the re!uire"ents. To To use this type o te%hni!ue& the re!uire"ents should ideally be testable or "easurable. ade!uate testing s%enarios are hard to %onstru%t& it "ay "ean that the re!uire"ents would be dii%ult to i"ple"ent or !uality assuran%e would not be easily %arried out in the testing and "aintenan%e phases. (lternati#ely& (lternati#ely& it "ay "ean that there are o"issions in the re!uire"ents. Thereore& re!uire"ents testing pro#ides stakeholders with opportunities to ree#aluate whether the re!uire"ents are ustiiable. +a%h un%tional re!uire"ent should be analysed and %orresponding %orresponding test %ases to #alidate the re!uire"ents should be proposed. The test %ases or testing the re!uire"ents "ay not be exe%uted& as in the %ase o prototyping; prototyping; they %ould be in the or" o do%u"entation. "ser Page of t!e Article Portal
et us go through an exer%ise to test your understanding o the re!uire"ents #alidation te%hni!ues. 'li%k the ollowing link to pro%eed.
Validating Requirements
'.
(iscussion (iscussio (iscussion n Requiremen Requirements ts Traceabili Traceabilit$ t$ and and Valida Validation tion
*apid prototyping is a type o re!uire"ents #alidation te%hni!ue. ( prototype syste" is one o its deli#erables. deli#erables. t is a popular te%hni!ue to de#elop the prototype into the inal sotware appli%ation& parti%ularly when the de#elop"ent de#elop"ent budget is tight. •
(ssu"ing that you are a proe%t "anager& what are the i"portant ele"ents
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
).
*elf"!ssessment
Now& try the sel-assess"ent !uestions to test your understanding o the topi%. 'li%k the ollowing link to open the /el-(ssess"ent /el-(ssess"ent in a new window. Self-Assessment
+.
*ummar$
T,is topic covered t ,e folloin% main points•
*e!uire"ents *e!uire"ents #alidation is an i"portant inal stage o re!uire"ents engineering to ensure that re!uire"ents are %orre%t.
•
*e!uire"ents *e!uire"ents #alidation deals with the issue o ensuring that re!uire"ents are right.
•
The %he%ks to #alidate re!uire"ents in%lude #alidity& %onsisten%y& %o"pleteness& realis"& #eriiability& #eriiability& tra%eability& %o"prehensibility and adaptability.
•
The three %o""on kinds o #alidation te%hni!ues are re!uire"ents re#iew& prototyping and re!uire"ents testing.
•
( re!uire"ents re#iew is a "anual pro%ess& in whi%h readers o "ultiple #iewpoints %ross-%he%k the re!uire"ents to dete%t ano"alies and o"issions.
•
*e!uire"ents *e!uire"ents re#iews %an be or"al or inor"al.