The International Rigging & Lifting Handbook
2008 Edition
Idex
Introduction and Scope o Application 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
Glossary o Terms Regulations Denition and Principles o Liting Equipment Examination o Liting Equipment Selection o Liting Equipment Sae Approach to Liting Handbook Issue, Control and Receipt Document
Sae Use o Equipment
8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0
Cranes (Including man-riding) Chain Hoists / Pullits Wire Rope Hoists Beam Clamps Beam Trolleys Plate Clamps Snatch Blocks / Sheave Blocks Winches
16.0 17.0 18.0 19.0 20.0 21.0 22.0 23.0
Hydraulic Jacks / Rams Wire Rope Slings Man-made Fibre Slings Alloy Grade 80 Chain Slings Shackles Eye Bolts Turnbuckles Fall Arrest Devices
Saety Advice
24.0 25.0 26.0 27.0 28.0
Slinging Guidelines Loading / Unloading o Containers (Forklit Trucks) Manual Handling and Kinetic Liting Guidance on Personnel Transers (Billy Pugh and Frog) Guidance or Liting Over Live Facilities
Working Load Limit Tables
Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4
Wire Rope Wire Rope Slings Man-made Fibre Slings Alloy Chain Slings
Table 5 Table 6 Table 7 Table 8
Alloy Shackles Eye Bolts Hoist Rings Turnbuckles
Appendices
Appendix 1 Liting Gear / Legislation Matrix Appendix 2 Density o Materials Appendix 3 Recommended Hand Signals or Crane Operations Appendix 4 Recommended Hand Signals or Manriding Winches Appendix 5 Lit Categorisation Checklist Appendix 6 General Pre-liting Checklist
Quick Reerence Index at Back o Handbook The International Rii & Lifti Handbook
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6.0
SaFE aPPROaCH TO LIFTIng
The ollowing section gives recommendations as to the correct procedures to adopt when eecting a lit. Personnel Competence 6.1
Any person using liting equipment must be trained to operate that equipment. The person must also have a working knowledge o its capabilities and the deects likely to arise in service. This knowledge will be o value when carrying out the pre-use examinations. Never Exceed the Sae Working Load
6.2
In all lifting operations care should be taken to ensure that the load imposed on any item of equipment or on part of any item does not exceed its safe working load. When there is any uncertainty about the weight of the load or the load likely to be applied to a particular part of the equipment it is recommended that load sensing devices be used. In addition to the above, care should be taken to ensure that at all stages of lifting, the load remains in a stable condition. In general the load may be unstable if at any time (1) the centre of gravity of the load is not vertically beneath the crane hook, or (2) the centre of gravity of the load is higher than the point of attachment of the slings to the load. There are other causes of instability to be considered, eg liquid moving within a vessel, etc. Correct Use
6.3
The equipment should be used only or the specic purpose or which it is designed and should not be adapted or any other purposes without the approval o a Competent Person. Check The Lit
6.4
With ALL liting operations the load should be lited a nominal distance only in the rst instance. This "trial lit" allows the operator to check his estimations o balance, stability, and general security o the load while it is in a relatively sae position. I any discrepancies are ound the load should be lowered and the slinging revised. The sequence o trial lit and adjustment should be repeated until the operator is satised that the load is balanced, stable and secure. W a R n I n g !
Wa Rn I ng !
Wa R nI n g!
WaR nI n g!
Do not stand below loads, keep hands clear of rigging as slack is taken up, avoid climbing on containers and stacked materials and never stand between loads and walls / bulkheads, etc. 18
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8.51
Outrigger Bearing Pressure: Calculating the actual bearing pressure on outriggers can be quite complicated as there are so many variables. Normally, with the crane set up correctly, the bearing load would be spread across two outrigger oot plates, which would give you one set o values.
fg 8.13
As the crane booms out, the bearing pressure in these outrigger oot plates would increase due to the increased moment, generated by the extended radius. This would give you a higher set o values. boomed out slewed right
increase pressure on this outrigger ootplate
see fg 8.15 or view in this direction
fg 8.14
As the crane slews round, the bearing pressure will decrease on one oot plate and increase on the other, resulting in yet an even higher bearing pressure value. Ideally, the crane manuacturer’s tables or the various bearing pressures in relation to loads / radii etc. should be consulted. The International Rii & Lifti Handbook
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9.9
The length o the load chain should be checked to ensure that the bottom hook will reach the lowest point required without running the load chain ully out. I the load chain is permitted to run ully out, undue stress may be placed on the slack end anchorage (which is not a true load bearing component).
9.10
Always
i)
Ensure the load rigging, ie sling / shackle / ring seats correctly in the bowl o the bottom hook and allows the saety catch to close.
fg 9.2
9.11
ii)
Ensure the load is correctly balanced.
iii)
Position the hoist directly above the centre o gravity o the load (i known).
iv)
Ensure all restrictions have been removed, eg hold-down bolts, etc.
Never
i)
Load the tips o the hook.
fg 9.3
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27.2
Personnel Transer Capsules (PTCs / Frogs)
The PTC is a personnel transport and evacuation capsule and is supplied complete with three seats tted with our-point saety harnesses tted to a shock absorbing central column with liting slings. The capsule can be tted with a variety o optional accessories.
Elevation
Plan View
fg 27.1 27.3
The PTC is designed to provide a sae and reversible method o transerring personnel to standby and supply vessels rom oshore drilling rigs, although it can be used in many varying types o transer at sea. It is designed to be sae and to be operated in heavier and rougher sea conditions than conventional transer baskets.
27.4
The PTC comprises two main assemblies, an outer protective shell consisting o a stainless ramework that houses the buoyancy panels and a central column seating assembly to provide shock absorption and support. All components are designed or the marine environment.
27.5
The yellow coloured PTC buoyancy panels are manuactured rom medium density polyethylene. The PTC has three large open access points to permit rapid entry / exit. It can withstand lateral impacts o 2 m/s.
27.6
The buoyancy distribution ensures the PTC will foat upright in the event o immersion. The central column supports a keel weight which ensures that the PTC will also sel right.
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