RM BADJAO

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M.

CHAPTER I: PROBLEMS AND ITS SETTING INTRODUCTION The Philippines has a total land area of 30 million hectares. Half of the country is hilly and mostly categorized as a Forest Zone and part of the Public Domain. As of the year 00!" the country has a population of #! $illion and a %ast of ma&ority ' $illion populations populations of (ndigenous People People in the Philippines reside in the uplands )hich they claim as part of their traditional traditional territories. $ost of the (ndigenous People depend on traditional s)idden agriculture utilizing a%ailable upland areas. Ho)e%er" most of these traditional culti%ation sites and fallo) areas ha%e no) been degraded and are further threatened by the influ* of migrant farmers )ho ha%e introduc introduced ed unsu unsustain stainable able lo)land lo)land commercia commerciall farming farming practice practices. s. Furtherm Furthermore ore"" most (ndigen (ndigenous ous +ommun +ommunities ities do not ha%e ha%e legal legal recognition o%er their traditional lands" thus limiting their ability to freely conduct their li%elihood acti%ities and are denied access to other natural resources in their communities. ,-era" 00/ The (ndigenous People are the descendants of the original inhabitants of the Philippines Philippines.. ach group has a distinct culture and language. They are groups of people li%e in a rather traditional )ay. They represent nearly '12 of the countrys population and there are 4ne hundred Ten ,''0/ ma&or groups li%ing in the country. They are among the poorest and the most disad%antaged social group in the country. country. (lliteracy" unemployment unemployment and incidence of po%erty are much higher among them than the rest of the population. (P settlements are remote" )ithout access to basic ser%ices" and are characterized by a high incidence of morbidity" mortality and malnutrition. They e*perience neglect and discrimination by many people and une5ual treatment in the pro%ision of basic social ser%ices by the 6o%ernment. The 00# budget sho)s that regions )ith highest concentrations of indigenous peoples get the smallest allocations from the national go%ernment. Thus" social ser%ice pro%ision in indigenous territories is far belo) that of the rest of the country. The general health situation in regions and pro%inces )ith the largest concentrations of indigenous peoples is belo) the national a%erage. (ndigenous peoples e*perience seasonal to chronic food shortages during the year. A ma&or factor causing food insecurity and po%erty among indigenous Page 1


peoples is the loss of ancestral land due to displacement displacement by de%elopment de%elopment pro&ects and e*tracti%e industries including mining" dams" logging or natural causes. Another factor is en%ironmental degradation 7destruction of forests" pollution of )aters and loss of agro biodi%ersity biodi%ersity as a result of impacts impacts of e*tracti%e e*tracti%e industries industries and agriculture agriculture modernization. modernization. ,-era" ,-era" 00/ 00/ 4ne of the groups of (ndigenous People is the 8ad&ao or 8a&au. They are also 9no)n as :;ea 6ypsies< because they mo%e )ith the )ind and the tide on their small houseboats called -intas. -intas. They call themsel%es ;ama Dilaut ,;ea ;ama/" meaning that the term =8ad&ao= is most often a term used by outsiders" but accepted by the 8ad&ao. The spelling =8ad&ao= as used in the Philippines commonly refers to the ;ama Dilaut )hile the spelling =8a&au= is used in $alaysia as the local term for any number of ;ama groups. They are also referred to as Palao or >umaan ,6od forsa9en/ by the Tausugs.They are sea nomads scattered along the coastal areas of Ta)i Ta)i" ;ulu" 8asilan" and some coastal municipalities of Zamboanga del ;ur in the A?$$. They ma9e their li%elihood solely on the sea as e*pert fishermen" deep sea di%ers" and na%igators )hile )omen )ea%e mats and mar9et pottery. They use numerous methods for fishing" farm sea)eeds" gather shells and so forth as their source of food or to sell and barter for other necessities such as clothing" materials for boat construction" mats" and fishing e5uipment. ,$ission" 0'1/

Page 2


BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The 8ad&aos are one of the most socially oppressed and ignored ethnic tribal group in the country. country. They are nomadic people that do not ha%e permanent and proper settlements. They are scattered in different areas mainly in >uzon and some parts of -isayas. They mo%e from ;ulu and +elebes seas into land and migrated to urban areas to %enture li%ing in urban areas but ha%ing no permanent settlement" they mo%e places to places )here they could find food but rather they end up indigent and beg people money for food. They are 9no)n as the unfortunate people that enter &eepneys gi%ing en%elop to passengers to as9 them for money and it became the li%elihood of the 8ad&aos in urban areas. A community of 8ad&oa can be found in $alitam (( and @a)a" 8atangas +ity composing of 00 people di%ided into '!0 families. The +ity n%iron n%ironmen mentt and Batural Batural ?esource ?esourcess 4ffice 4ffice ,B?4/ ,B?4/ conduct conducted ed a )ee9Clon )ee9Clong g research research acti%ity acti%ity in 8ad&ao 8ad&ao community at barangays barangays $alitam and @a)a" @a)a" 8atangas +ity. They They conduct a +ommunityCbased +ommunityCbased Batural ?esources ?esources $anagement Program Program ,+8B?$P/" the :Ala h 8angon 8ad&ao"< in the community. is an approach to conser%ation and de%elopment that recognizes the rights of local people to manage and benefit from the management management and use of natural resources. Ala h 8angon 8ad&ao is a callCtoCaction longCterm campaign to augment the current situation of this indigenous group in terms of sustainable de%elopment. They identified top ten problems of the 8ad&aos in the community and those are unstable source of income and po%erty , illiteracy" illiteracy" unmanaged solid )aste and degraded natural resources , poor hygiene, poor )ater source, unimpro%ed bridge , lac9 of source of electricity , high cost of medicine and hospital e*penses , lac9 of security of tenure , and high population rate. The 8ad&aos in the community hardly find )or9 because they did not finished schooling. 4ther people do not trust them for the misconception misconception such as being “illiterate<" :thie%es<" :unclean<" :disrespectful<" and :mean<. 8ecause of illiteracy most of them )ere unable to read and )rite because they )ere not sent to school by their parents. They mo%e fre5uently because of pre%alent )ar in parts of Zamboanga" Eolo and 8asilan. Po%erty hinders their capability to go to school. ;ince they ha%e no money to buy their daily meals" pay Page 3


transportation e*pense" and purchase school uniforms and pro&ects they 5uit schooling. 8ad&aos e*perience discrimination and selfC fulfilling prophecy. They )ere tagged as slo) learner" ha%e poor hygiene" and ha%e lo) emotional 5uotient . 8ecause of a language barrier" they ha%e difficulty interacting )ith other people and e*pressing their ideas and needs. They are al)ays left out in learning academic sub&ects. They lac9 moral and financial support to continue their education. They pay fi%e pesos ,P!.00/ per &ar of oil in order to light their house in the e%ening. They ha%e to sleep early and stop all their acti%ities by the time their light runs out. +hildren suffer because they ha%e to )or9 their assignments using dim light. They hardly focus on studying their sub&ects because of lac9 of electricity. 8ad&aos need to learn the principle of solid )aste management. The ideas of sorting garbage" composting )astes" and establishment of a $aterial ?eco%ery Facility ,$?F/ are suggested. >ac9 of hygiene is a main issue. There are strong presences of garbage from different sources outside the community. Tides especially during storm ha%e brought these tons of )astes into the mangro%e area. These are causing the health of the surrounding ecosystem to decline. (t also ser%es as a health threat for the )hole community. 8ad&aos are dependent to fishing acti%ity. ;ince their religion" culture and beliefs define )hat they ha%e to eat. They do not consume meat and rely solely for rice" fish and %egetables as their diet. Those going farther in other places in order to catch fish mean increased e*pense in fuel consumption resulting to lesser ta9eChome pay. @ater pollution is a main contributor to the decline of collected fish in the nearby )aters. They need comfort room and a source of )ater. There )ere public toilets )ithin the community but the locals do not utilize these because maintenance is an issue. Po%erty also hinders them to buy basic toiletries such as soap and tissue. ;ome children s)im" and the locals )ash their clothes in the +alumpang ?i%er. They rarely buy clean )ater for they ha%e to pay one peso ,P'.00/ for e%ery gallon. That means" they ha%e to spend at least fifty pesos ,P!0.00/ per day to do their )ashing of clothes" and cleaning themsel%es using safe and clean )ater they buy from local entrepreneurs. 8ecause of these many of them get sic9 but because of high cost of medicine and hospital e*penses" their sic9 family member is often untreated" and )orst die of illness.

Page 4


The 8ad&aos ha%e to mo%e from one place to another to do their daily acti%ities such as going to school" barangay center" )or9" mar9et" and church. The accessible bridge they ha%e is made of pieces of bamboo tiedCusing rope. This is biodegradable and lasts only for a year. They ha%e difficulty crossing since their bridge mo%es freely under presence of strong )ind. They are also at ris9 of falling hard into contaminated )ater )ith solid )astes found under the bridge )hen this brea9s. +limate change has direct impact on the 8ad&ao community. ;ea le%el rise and strong typhoons displace 8ad&ao and push them to find another safe and suitable niche. 4n 00" their community sprang in their latest location since Typhoon +aloy destroyed their houses in an island )here they )ere first situated. ;trong typhoons such as 4ndoy and olanda repeated such e*perienceC they ha%e to rebuild their de%astated li%es and start all o%er again. 8ad&aos distress of being dislocated. ,+hua" 0'1/

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The 8ad&ao community in the barangay of $alitam (( and @a)a" 8atangas +ity is a %ery poor and unde%eloped community. They ha%e poor hygiene" poor )ater source" unmanaged solid )aste and degraded natural resources" unimpro%ed bridge" and lac9 of source of electricity" po%erty and illiteracy. 8ecause the community do not ha%e permanent source of income and the 8ad&aos in the community do not ha%e 9no)ledge for li%elihood other than fishing" they cant manage to ha%e a satisfying life and ability to sol%e these problem in their community. 8ecause source of income is their main problem they %enture to go to places desperate to find a stable source of income that they are contented to recei%e tas9s such as a street s)eeper" garbage collector" %endor" dish )asher" and household helper. For them" to earn income to eat for a day is more than enough and they no longer practices their culture" tradition and beliefs as ;ama and that endangers them to lose their identity. They only focuses to li%e through a day and fight hunger and the ris9 li%ing in poor" unhygienic and uncultured community. Page 5


Sub problem

'. Do ha%e unstable source of income" po%erty and illiteracy that threats their li%elihood and scattered them in urban areas as beggars as9ing money for help. . The 8ad&aos culture and traditions are disappearing since they mo%e to unfamiliar places on land and urban areas )here their identity and autonomy are affected. 3. 8ad&ao migrants are discriminated" cannot 9eep their paces li%ing )ith the land d)ellers and are not recognize by the people and go%ernment that constrained from complacency and de%elopment.

GOAL The study aims to pro%ide means of de%elopment of a proper and permanent community settlement for the 8ad&ao Tribe in 8atangas +ity that )ill pro%ide their needs" gi%e them protection and preser%e their culture and traditions as a )orthy heritage by the society and the go%ernment.

Ob!e"#$%e &: To 9no) the s9ills of the 8ad&ao and present ideas that )ould determine methods ho) to de%elop and maintain a healthy

sustainable community that )ill pro%ide essential needs and li%elihood for the 8ad&aos. S#r'#e($e:

'. ;tudy the 8ad&aos 9no)ledge" natural s9ills" products" educational acti%ities and alternati%e )ays to determine the possible facilities that can be their source of income. . (nter%ie) the 8ad&aos to 9no) their actual needs and 9no) their 9no)ledge that is useful for the li%elihood in their community. 3. +onduct a site %isit to 9no) the present status and acti%ities through immersion.

Page 6

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. Ob!e"#$%e ): To help facilitate a community that )ill protect and preser%es the 8ad&aos identity and culture through Architectural

techni5ues and adapting their traditional housing. S#r'#e($e:

'. ;tudy the 8ad&aos culture and traditions that defines their identity as 8ad&ao and in%estigate their original Architecture houses to gain more 9no)ledge about their nature. . Determine different a%ailable materials )ithin the region suited for the 8ad&aos traditional housing. 3. Formulate concepts and theories regarding the de%elopment of a sustainable and healthy en%ironment for the 8ad&ao community.

Ob!e"#$%e *: To 9no) the pro%isions that )ill gi%e rights to the 8ad&ao and pro%ide alternati%e )ays for the 8ad&ao people to adapt

li%ing )ith the people in 8atangas that )ould help for them to de%elop. S#r'#e($e:

'. (n%estigate the influences of the land d)ellers to the 8ad&ao and changes it brought to them. . ;tudy the e*isting cases and condition of the 8ad&ao settlements by site in%estigation and determine approaches to treat these cases. 3. +oordinate %arious go%ernment and nonCgo%ernment organization that helps the homeless and indigenous people to determine la)s and ordinance related to the study.

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

Page 7

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. SCOPE

The study )ill focus on the culture and tradition of the 8ad&ao tribe that )ill preser%e their identity and promote their practices and belie%es as an ethnic group. This )ill include the origin of the 8ad&aos" )hy they migrated a)ay from their land of origin" their current condition of 8ad&ao community in 8atangas and the the go%ernment and nonCgo%ernment organizations that are helping and needed by the 8ad&ao. The study also loo9s out on the lifestyle of the 8ad&ao and ho) they )ill adapt li%ing )ith land d)ellers. The study includes the d)ellings or houses of the 8ad&ao tribe. The a%ailability of the materials for their houses )ill be in the study and the information )ill be gather to help de%elop a community that )ill recognize their identity and culture by the society and the go%ernment. The study )ill see9 ho) Architecture dri%es in the impro%ement of the condition of the 8ad&aos" their houses" community and life. The study also includes the life of a community" its economy and people. This )ill include the culture and traditions of other ethnic or indigenous group in the same situation )ith the 8ad&aos" finding )ays and information on ho) they )ill adapt li%ing in unfamiliar en%ironment and community and ho) they )ill manage to cope up )ith the modern society.

LIMITATIONS

The main tribe of the 8ad&ao is in ;ulu archipelago" part of $indanao )hich is far reaching to gather first hand data so it is rather suitable to the researcher to gather data on boo9s" articles and )ebsites that reports the present information regarding to the study. The ma&or idea of the study is the migration of the 8a&aos in 8atangas +ity and the researcher can do ma&or data gathering and research in there" there is also a nonCgo%ernment organization" the 8orn Again 8ad&ao +hurch" that could gi%e information for the study. 8ut since there are some minorities of the 8ad&aos migrated in the %icinity map of 8atangas" %isitation to the community )ould be help to gather first hand related data and information and that )ill be helpful to the researcher and for the study.

PURPOSE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY Page 8

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. To #+e B'!'o:

The study is to promote and introduce the community of the 8ad&ao and be a tool to encourage people to ha%e respect" interest and appreciation on them. This study may lead in understanding and noticing the cultural heritage of the 8ad&ao by the society and may be a help on promoting a better )ay li%ing along )ith them. (t is important to 9no) the reasons )hy these people can still sur%i%e despite of being re&ected" oppressed and treated une5ual by the society and the go%ernment. They stri%e to li%e their li%es in desperate )ays but as human being it is important also to 9no) them to be able to 9no) ho) they )ould be helped and other indigenous people li9e them. To #+e Go%er-me-# '- No-.(o%er-me-# o r('-$/'#$o-:

The study )ill help go%ernment li9e the Department of tourism and nonCgo%ernment organizations li9e 6>($ and 8orn Again 8ad&ao +hristians to 9no) further )hat the 8ad&ao people need and ho) they could help them more. To #+e I-$(e-ou People:

The study )ill help to understand and gi%e 9no)ledge about the indigenous people. The study )ill also pro%ide effecti%e )ays and strategies achie%ing a sustainable community de%elopment for indigenous people that )ill pro%ide such principles and guidelines that other future de%elopers and designers can use.

ASSUMPTIONS Page 9


The community de%elopments for the 8ad&aos )ould be possible and can be funded by the go%ernment and nonCgo%ernment organizations. The go%ernment agencies li9e the Bational AntiCPo%erty +ommission ,BAP+/" Department of ;ocial @elfare and De%elopment ,D;@D/" Department of n%ironment and Batural ?esources ,DB?/" Department of ducation ,Depd/ and pro%incial go%ernments can help the 8ad&ao migrants since they can produce large amount of funds and can directly as9 from the president for appro%als. They can e*ecute housing pro&ects and community for the 8ad&aos and other indigent groups. ;ince the researchers focusses on the e*isting 8ad&ao migrants in 8atangas +ity" a nonCgo%ernment group or a ministry helps those 8ad&aos in 8atangas )ith educational" feeding and housing programs.

RE0IE1 OF RELATED LITERATURE P+$l$pp$-e . I-$(e-ou People

The Philippines is a culturally di%erse country )ith an estimated '1 C ' million (ndigenous Peoples ,(Ps/ belonging to ''0 ethnoC linguistic groups. They are mainly concentrated in Borthern >uzon ,+ordillera Administrati%e ?egion" 332/ and $indanao ,'2/" )ith some groups in the -isayas area. The Philippine +onstitution" in recognition of this di%ersity and under the frame)or9 of national unity and de%elopment" mandates state recognition" protection" promotion" and fulfillment of the rights of (ndigenous Peoples. Further" ?epublic Act #3'" also 9no)n as the :(ndigenous Peoples ?ights Act< ,'GG" (P?A/" recognized the right of (Ps to manage their ancestral domains it has become the cornerstone of current national policy on (Ps. ,-era" 00/ ,Philippines I. " 0'3/ (n the Philippines" (Ps has been sub&ect to historical discrimination and marginalization from political processes and economic benefit. They often face e*clusion" loss of ancestral lands" displacement" pressures to and destruction of traditional )ays of life and practices" and loss of identity and culture. (n e*treme situations" social and political discontent has erupted into armed conflict 7 the 10C yearold armed conflict in $indanao" in%ol%ing secessionists and communist insurgents is a prime e*ample. +onflicts such as these not only threaten the stability and de%elopment potential of affected areas" they e*acerbate(n the Philippines" IBDP has to date underta9en Page 10


3! (PCfocused or (PCrelated pro&ects" )hich ha%e together assisted # distinct ethno linguistic groups in ' regions and ' pro%inces throughout the country. These pro&ects ha%e focused on impro%ing the capacity ofgo%ernment agencies" ci%il society" and other ser%ice pro%iders" as)ell as building capacity amongst (Ps and their leadership. ,Philippines I. " 0'3/

T+e Mul$m E#+-$" Group

thnic is an (talian term for nation. An ethnic community may be defined as tribal group )hich has its o)n language" hold in common a set of tradition different from others )hom they are in contact. (t has its o)n territory from )hich its ethnic identity is deri%ed" and thus becomes a uniting factor for group cohesion. The $uslim ethnic groups in $indanao and ;ulu are lin9ed by both ideological and geographical factors. ,-erzola Er." 0'3/ There are more than 10 different ethnic groups in the Philippines. ach group has a distinct culture and language. ;e%eral of these ethnic groups can be distinguished as =tribal groups=. They are Jindigenous groupsJ )ho still li%e in a rather traditional )ay. ach group li%es in a specific region on one of the islands. ou can meat them in parts of >uzon" on some of the -isayas islands and on $indanao. ,-erzola Er." 0'3/

T+e B'!'o '- #+e$r Le(e-

8ad&ao is a name thats applied to a %ariety of boatCd)elling and seaCfaring peoples )ith scattered settlements across ;outheast AsiaK from the Philippines" through eastern and northern 8orneo and from ;ula)esi and the >ittle ;unda (slands of (ndonesia" to the $ergui Archipelago off southern $yanmar. This is )hy @estern obser%ers and te*tboo9s ha%e tagged them :sea gypsies.aut or ;ama Dilaut ,;ea ;ama/.The e*act or scientific origins of the 8ad&aos are uncertain. According to a legend" they came from the shores of Eohore" (ndonesia" )here they had Page 11


already been li%ing in clusters of houseboats. There are other theories that claim the 8ad&aos )ere originally from the landCbased ;amal group but branched off into boat d)ellers as a result of their occupation. Another theory claims the 8ad&aos )ere originally boat d)ellers that e%entually built stilt houses near fertile fishing grounds. The ;panish and American colonizers failed to influence the 8ad&aos because they li%e in the territory of the $uslim Filipinos" although they are also the least influenced by (slam.Due to commercial shipping and other factors since @@" they ha%e settled on land. ,-era" 00/ ,an" 0'/ ,>ehman" 0'3/ ,-erzola Er." 0'3/ ,+hurch" 0'1/ A legend tells that these boat d)ellers came from the shores of Eohore in (ndonesia" Princess Ayesha of Eohore )as betrothed to a ;ulu ;ultan but she really )anted to marry the ;ultan from 8runei. 4ne day" a large fleet of )ar boats escorted the Princess to ;ulu" the fleet )as intercepted by the man she really lo%ed" the ;ultan from 8runei" )ho 9idnapped her and set sail bac9 to 8runei. The escorting fleet could not return )ithout the Princess and 9ept on sailing the seas" only mooring at uninhabited islands some of them turned to piracy and roamed the seas to search for fortune and glory. 4thers only searched for food and became fishermen" the ;ulu ;ea had an abundance of fish that helped to sustain their li%elihood" and most of the daily catch )as bartered )ith other tribes that li%ed along the shores and beaches. The 8ad&ao still li%e in houseboats" clustered near the coastline of ;outhern $indanao. 8ut they also built stilt houses near fertile fishing grounds these houses are a temporary refuge during times that these boathouses needed repairs. These )anderers of the ;outhern seas are born on the )ater" li%e on their boats and say they )ill only set foot on land only to die. ,Eong" 0'0/ ,an" 0'/ Partylist la)ma9ers )ant the House of ?epresentati%es to loo9 into the relocation of 8ad&aos or sea gypsies to the mountainous area of Zamboanga pro%ince after they )ere displaced by the fighting bet)een go%ernment forces and the $oro Bational >iberation Front ,$B>F/. Hundreds of 8ad&ao families are being uprooted from their traditional habitat and are being brought to the %illage of Tulungatong" $ampang and to other %illages far from the sea. 8ad&aos in Zamboanga +ity li%e in boat houses or stilt houses in the coastal areas of $ari9i and ?io Hondo" and earn a li%ing mostly through fishing" deep sea pearl di%ing" and sea)eed farming. the Page 12


displaced 8ad&ao families )ere prohibited from returning to their homes and sources of li%elihood after the local go%ernment of Zamboanga +ity declared certain parts of their %illages as :noCbuild" noCreturn zones.< 8arangays ;ta. +atalina" ;ta. 8arbara" ?io Hondo" and $ari9i )ere included in the list of en%ironmental protection areas under the Bational (ntegrated Protected Areas ;ystem ,B(PA;/" according to (lagan. 8ad&aos )ould ha%e a hard time sur%i%ing in the mountains because it is not their traditional habitat. The 8ad&aos )ere not consulted )hen the decision about relocating them )as being made but they )ant to go bac9 to their homes and they dont to li%e in the city. ,Dalangin" >ira C Fernandez" 0'1/ 4ne hundred 8ad&ao families displaced by the conflict are to be relocated a)ay from their natural habitat" :the sea"< according to a petition on online ad%ocacy platform +hange.org. The petition as9s that $ayor $a. (sabel +limaco and Department of ;ocial @elfare and De%elopment ?egion (M director Zenaida Are%alo relocate the families along the coasts instead of in the mountains. According to graduate student Honee Alipio" )ho gre) up in the same city and )itnessed the )ay of life of the 8ad&ao" )hich prompted her to create the petition" the li%es of the indigenous group re%ol%e around the sea. The bad&ao culture )as rich and deeply rooted in the sea" that e%en though they )ere $uslim" they ne%ertheless %enerated 4mboh Dilaut" the god of the sea. (n this case" the 8ad&ao families came from the barangays of $ari9i" ?io Hondo" and ;ta" 8arbara" )hich )ere affected during the siege. The 8ad&aos )ay of life needed to be respected. They need education and healthcare. ,A5uino" 0'3/ B'!'o R$#u'l ' - Tr'$#$o-

The traditional attire of a 8ad&ao is the :patad&ong.< (t has many uses. They are made large enough to fit any person and is )orn by both men and )omen as a s9irt or go)n tuc9ed at the chest le%el. (t can ser%e as head co%er" )aistband" sash" blan9et" hammoc9" shoulder bag" cradle" pouch" hood" or pillo). The )omens :sablay< is a loosed slee%ed blouse reaching do)n to the hips. A :simpay< ,band/ forms the front opening and e*tends to the bac9 from a small collar. A )omans typical accessories are &e)elry and colored Page 13


combs. The bracelet is the most popular ornament. 4ther pieces of &e)elry are the pendant" earring" ring" nec9lace" and an9let. $etal craft designs can be classified into three 9indsK the repousse" relief hammered from the re%erse side arabes5ue" incision of interloc9ing cur%es and figureen" tracing )ith thin gold" sil%er" or brass )ires. ,an" 0'/ The 8ad&aos ha%e fi%e types of songsK the leleng" binoa" tenes" panul9in" and lugu. *cept for the last t)o" the lyrics are impro%ised and sung to a traditional tune. The :leleng< is sung in most occasions. Anyone can sing the leleng. The :binoa< is similarly chanted as the leleng. The :tenesCtenes< is a ballad )hose tune changes )ith the lyrics. (t may be sung for any occasion and by anyone. The melody of a 9no)n tenes may be used for a different set of lyrics. $ost tenes ha%e a sub&ect of courtship and lo%e. The tenes is also a song addressed to the shar9s. A )oman sings the :lugu< at a )edding as the :imam< or :panglima< )al9s )ith the groom to the brides side. The lugus lyrics are %erses from the Loran it has a traditional and melancholy tune. The panul9in is sung only by the imam and has traditional tune and lyrics. (t is sung during the %igil of the dead" from am to 'am. (t is a )ay of 9eeping a)a9e and of ma9ing the community a)are that somebody has died. ,an" 0'/ The 8ad&aos dance traditions are similar )ith the other ethnic groups of ;ulu" particularly the tribes in ;amal. The basic traditional dance mo%ement is the igal or pangalay performed by the female. The dancers hair is preferably pulled bac9 in a bun" although it may also be allo)ed to hang loose. ither a drum or a gabbang accompanies the dance. *cept for the :9ataC9ata< or narrati%e forms and riddles" 8ad&ao literature is meant to be sung. (t attributes its oral forms of literature such as animal tales" tric9ster tales" magical tales" and no%elistic tales from the tribes in ;amal. ,an" 0'/ The 8ad&aos paintings and car%ings are integral to their life cycle. (n )edding ceremonies" the )edding beautician must be adept at applying the special ma9eup on the bride and groom. @ith a razor blade tied )ith thread to a split bamboo t)ig" the beautician shapes the brides eyebro)s into a triangle and car%es tiny bangs on her forehead. >ampblac9 is used to outline a rectangle on her forehead and Page 14


is emphasized by a yello) ginger &uice. 8lac9 dots are outlined horizontally abo%e the eyebro)s andNor beneath the eyes )ith the pointed end of a coconut midrib. Another beautician attends to the groom and his face is made up the same )ay. ,an" 0'/ +hildbirth ritual" a ne)ly born infant is thro)n into the sea and members of the clan di%e to sa%e the ne)born. 4ther traditions such as marriages are prearranged by the parents for their sons and daughters the process similar to other ethnic groups" in that" a do)ry is often presented to the parents of the )oman a man )ishes to marry. And" only the 8ad&ao leader can consecrate a marriage. Therefore a leader is chosen based on indi%idual inherent %irtues" )isdom" and :charisma<...an inate ability to attract follo)ers. ,an" 0'/ Bo'#.2ell$-(

Fe) ;amaC8a&au still li%e traditionally in houseboats )hich generally accommodates a single nuclear family usually fi%e people. The houseboats tra%el together in flotillas )ith houseboats of immediate relati%es and coCoperate during fishing e*peditions and in ceremonies. A married couple may choose to sail )ith the relati%es of the husband or the )ife. They anchor at common mooring points called sambuangan )ith other flotillas at certain times of the year. These mooring points are usually presided o%er by an elder or headsman. The mooring points are close to sources of )ater or culturally significant locations li9e island cemeteries. There are periodic gatherings of ;amaC8a&au clans usually for %arious ceremonies li9e )eddings or festi%als. They generally do not sail more than 10 9m from their =home= moorage.They periodically trade goods )ith the landCbased communities of other ;amaC8a&au and other ethnic groups. ;amaC8a&au groups may routinely cross the borders of the Philippines" $alaysia" and (ndonesia for fishing" trading" or %isiting relati%es. ,an" 0'/ B'!'o $%er 3P'l'2'-4

Page 15


;amaC8a&au are also noted for their e*ceptional abilities in freeCdi%ing " )ith physical adaptations that enable them to see better and di%e longer under)ater. Di%ers )or9 long days )ith the =greatest daily apnea di%ing time reported in humans= of greater than ! hours per day submerged. ;ome 8a&au intentionally rupture their eardrums at an early age to facilitate di%ing and hunting at sea. $any older ;amaC8a&au are therefore hard of hearing. ;amaC8a&au )omen also use a traditional sunCprotecting po)der called bura9 or bora9" made from )ater )eeds" rice and spices. ,an" 0'/ :(nto the 8lue"< is an episode of the 88+ documentary series on :Human Planet"< e*plores the li%es of people from around the )orld )ho face and o%ercome challenges of the sea.(t features a group of compressor di%ers in the Philippines" fishermen from the island of Pala)an )ho ris9 their li%es deep in the ocean using the most basic of di%ing e5uipments. They are considered to be among the lo)est )age earners in the country" )ith an a%erage of O! per )ee9. The documentary also features the 8ad&ao" an indigenous ethnic group from the southern seas of the Philippines as )ell as parts of $alaysia and (ndonesia. The 8ad&ao community d)ells on boats and spends most of their li%es at sea" %enturing on land only for supplies and emergencies. They ha%e no nationality and no fi*ed abode. The 8ad&ao section does not tell much" though it sho)s ho) man can li%e in )ater o%er land )ith their o)n notions of time and space. The 8ad&aos )ay of life is a star9 contrast to the rest of the human population )ho d)ell on land.< ,Philippines 6. B." 0''/ Sub(roup S'm' B$+$-( or S'm' L$p$ ,The =shoreline ;ama= or =littoral ;ama=/ C These are the ;amaC8a&au )hich traditionally li%ed in stilt

houses in shallo)s and coastal areas. An e*ample is the ;ama ;imunul. They are originally from the larger islands of Ta)iCTa)i. They ha%e a more fle*ible lifestyle than the ;ama Dilaut" and )ill farm )hen there is a%ailable land. They usually act as middlemen in trade bet)een the ;ama Dilaut and other landCbased peoples. ,an" 0'/

Page 16

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. S'm' De', S'm' De5', or S'm' D'r'# ,The =land ;ama=/ C These are the ;amaC8a&au )hich traditionally li%ed in island interiors.

;ome e*amples are the ;ama ;ibutu and the ;ama ;angaC;anga. They are usually farmers )ho culti%ate rice s)eet potato" cassa%a" and coconuts for copra through traditional slashCandCburn agriculture. They are originally from the larger islands of Ta)iCTa)i and Pangutaran. (n the Philippines" the ;ama Dea )ill often completely differentiate themsel%es from the ;ama Dilaut. ,an" 0'/ S'm' D$l'u#, S'm' M'-$l'u# or B'!'u L'u# ,The =sea ;ama= or =ocean ;ama=/ C (n the Philippines" the preferred ethnonym is ;ama

Dilaut )hile in $alaysia" they usually identify as 8a&au >aut. This subgroup originally li%ed e*clusi%ely on elaborately crafted houseboats called lepa" but almost all ha%e ta9en to li%ing on land in the Philippines. Their home islands include ;itang9ai and 8ongao. They are the ;amaC8a&au subgroup most commonly called =8a&au=" though Filipino ;ama Dilaut considers it offensi%e. They sometimes call themsel%es the =;ama ToJongan=" to distinguish themsel%es from the landCd)elling ;amaC8a&au subgroups. ,an" 0'/ S'm'l ,Philippines" $alaysia/ C =;amal= is a Tausg and +ebuano term and is sometimes considered offensi%e. Their preferred

endonym is simply =;ama=" and they are more accurately a general subgroup of ;ama Dea ,=land ;ama=/ nati%e to the Philippines. A large number are no) residing around the coasts of northern ;abah" though many ha%e also migrated north to the -isayasand southern >uzon. They are predominantly landCd)elling. They are the largest single group of ;amaC8a&au. (n Da%ao del Borte" the (sland 6arden +ity of ;amal )as possibly named after them. ,an" 0'/

Page 17


METHODOLOGY OF RESEARCH The methodology of research re5uires gathering rele%ant data from specified document and compiling database in order to analyze the problem and arri%e at a more complete understanding of the conclusion that )ill be made to reconstruct the e*isting condition.

Ob!e"#$%e

A"#$%$#56Me#+o

I-#rume-#

A(e-"56

E7pe"#e Ou#pu#

Repo-e-#

Present ideas that . . )ould determine methods

;ite %isitation. 4bser%e the present status and

ho)

their acti%ities. +onduct inter%ie).

to

de%elop

and

.

. . . .

+amera Pen Paper Questionnaire

C

8atangas C

+ity. >ocal go%ernment

)ill pro%ide li%elihood for

and the city

the essential needs of the Page 18

C

To 9no) the current

C

situation of the 8ad&aos. To determine the possible

Families in

maintain a healthy and sustainable community that

0 8ad&aos

&ob and a%ailable source of income and li%elihood for the 8ad&ao.


8a&aos. +reating a

C

;tudy the history" culture and

C

traditions of the 8ad&aos. Find the 8ad&aos original

community that )ill sho) the identity and culture of the

8ad&ao

C

To 9no) the C

)ould help for them to de%elop.

C

applicable housing for

)ithin 8ulacan area

the 8ad&ao To determine the

C

the 8ad&ao community. To create guidelines on

suited for the 8ad&aos

community that )ill

traditional housing. (n%estigate the influences of

pro%ide alternati%e )ays

people in 8atangas that

tradition and beliefs of

ho) to de%elop a

rights to the 8ad&ao and

the

+ity. 8ad&oas

To 9no) the culture"

materials )ithin the region

the land d)ellers to the

)ith

C

Families in

C

nature. Determine different a%ailable

pro%isions that )ill gi%e

li%ing

C

8atangas

more 9no)ledge about their

Architectural techni5ues.

adapt

+amera Pen Paper

Architecture houses to gain

through

for the 8ad&ao people to

. . .

municipality 0 8ad&aos

C C C

Pen Paper Questionnaire

C 8orn Again

C

sho) their identity. To 9no) the influences

8ad&ao +hurch

of the modern society to

8ad&ao and changes it brought

C >ocal go%ernment and

C

to them. ;tudy the e*isting cases and

the 8ad&aos. Determine the current

C

condition of the 8ad&ao +oordinate %arious

C

problems and cases the

the city municipality

C

8ad&ao faces. To 9no) )hat the go%. or

go%ernment and nonC

nonCgo%. could do to help

go%ernment organization that

them.

helps the homeless and indigenous people to determine la)s and ordinance Page 19


related to the study.

THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FRAME1ORK

Page 20


The community of the 8ad&ao in 8atangas +ity is e*periencing deterioration tribal setting. These lead to the %anishing of traditional practices and other cultural identities in their community. 8ecause of the en%ironment and their poor community condtion" the innate culture has been ta9en a)ay by the modernism" poor 9no)ledge and discrimination. 8ecause of these problems" the proponents ha%e an idea of conducting an idea of conducting a study that )ill help the 8ad&aos in de%eloping their community" to preser%e their traditional practices and other cultural identity )hile coping )ith modernization. For the said study" the proponents select concepts" principles and theories that primarily focus on the de%elopment of the community of the 8ad&ao" such as %ernacular architecture" adapti%e social economical tourism and cultural and sustainable community planning. These )ill ta9e account on the consideration of the needs of the 8ad&aos and ho) it )ill blend in the local landscape and )ill strengthen the cultural heritage of the 8ad&aos. 8ecause of the gi%en condition about the community situation" the progress of concept )ill ta9e consideration of guidelines for better de%elopment of the community and the 8ad&ao people" culture preser%ation and their li%elihood. This )ill lead to the formulation of ne) tribal setting for the 8ad&ao community in 8atangas city and )ill lead to more mature approach for the community de%elopment.

Page 21


DEFINITION OF TERMS: '  3 1 !   # G '0 '' ' '3

8P 7 Panta)id Pamilyang Pilipino Program ARMM 7 Autonomous ?egion in $uslim $indanao CBNRMP 7 +ommunity 8ased Batural ?esources $anagement Program DENR 9 Department of n%ironment and Batural ?esources DepE 9 Department of ducation DS1D 9 Department of ;ocial @elfare and De%elopment ENRO 7 n%ironment and Batural ?esources 4ffice IP 7 (ndigenous People MRF 7 $aterial ?eco%ery Facility MNLF 9 $oro Bational >iberation Front NAPC 9 Bational AntiCPo%erty +ommission NIPAS 9 Bational (ntegrated Protected Areas ;ystem 0$-#' 9 houseboats

REFERENCES: A5uino" P. 8. ,' 03" 0'3/. Petition to relocate Badjao to coastal, not mountain areas, gains support from abroad. From intera9syonK httpKNN))).intera9syon.comNarticleN'1#NpetitionCtoCrelocateCbad&aoCtoCcoastalCnotCmountainCareasCgainsCsupportCfromCabroad +hua" >. ,Euly " 0'1/. Pag-aaral sa Badjao community isinagawa. From thebatangaspostK httpKNN))).thebatangaspost.infoNpagCaaralC saCbad&aoCcommunityCisinaga)a.html +hurch" 8. A. ,0'1/. Reaching Out To Badjaos or !hrist. From bornagainbad&aochurchK httpKNN))).bornagainbad&aochurch.orgN Page 22


Dalangin" >ira C Fernandez. ,'0 0" 0'1/. Ba"it #lilipat sa Bundo"$ Probe Badjaos% relocation from seashore to mountains - &abriela partylist . From intera9syonK httpKNN))).intera9syon.comNarticleNG!Nba9itCililipatCsaCbundo9CprobeCbad&aosCrelocationCfromC

seashoreCtoCmountainsCCCgabrielaCpartylist Eong" ?. d. ,0'0/. The last Tribes of 'indanao, Badjao, the (ea &ypsies. From thingsasianK httpKNN))).thingsasian.comNstoriesC photosN10! >ehman" +. ,01 ''" 0'3/. (omething )onderful* The Badjao. From cureK httpsKNNcure.orgN0'3N01NsomethingC)onderfulCtheCbad&aoN $ission" A. m. ,0'1/. Badjao, (ama, !entral in Philippines. From &oshuapro&ectK httpKNN&oshuapro&ect.netNpeopleRgroupsN'##3N?P Philippines" 6. B. ,01 G" 0''/. BB! documentary features Palawan di+ers, Badjaos. From asian&ournalusaK httpKNNasian&ournalusa.comNbbcCdocumentaryCfeaturesCpala)anCdi%ersCbad&aosCp'0'C0.htm Philippines" I. ,0 1" 0'3/. #ndigenous Peoples. From undpK httpKNN))).ph.undp.orgNcontentNdamNphilippinesNdocsN6o%ernanceNfastFacts20C

20(ndigenous20Peoples20in

20the20Philippines20re%20'.!.pdf -era" D. . ,August 0" 00/. pdf. From iapadK httpKNN))).iapad.orgNpublicationsNppgisNde%eraRipRphl.pdf -erzola Er." P. ,03 0G" 0'3/. Boatless Badjaos. From iraiaK httpKNNiraia.netNblogN0'3N03N0GNboatlessCbad&aosN an" +. 8. ,0! '0" 0'/. Philippine Tribes* Badjao. From globalpinoyK postid1fabGf#'a3'UchannelBame1fabGf#'a3'

Page 23

httpKNN))).globalpinoy.comNgp.topics.%'N%ie)topic.phpS


CHAPTER II: PRESENTATION OF DATA INTRODUCTION This chapter contains presentation of data" charts" tables" graphs and information rele%ant to the study. This is the part of the study that )ill tac9le all necessary documented facts of primary and secondary data. Primary data are the data from the processed sur%ey" inter%ie) and obser%ations and present condition of the site that ser%e as ma&or element and sign of participation of the residents and people in%ol%e in the de%elopment. ;econdary data are the comprised statistical and relati%e figures pertaining to the study. ?esearch topics )ill also be presented as it includes all useful approaches and principles of the study that )ill help to understand the problem in the best )ay to sol%e it.

DATA MANAGEMENT Page 24


A PRESENT CONDITION & DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

The 8ad&ao li%e on an islandNbar of an estuary area of 8atangas +ity. To reach their community" it ta9es about 30 minutes by ban9a ,fishing canoe/ from 8atangas +ity. There is also an access path from barangay $alitam to their community but only by foot or tricycle can be use to go to their community because there are no good roads for any cars or %ehicle to dri%e through so from $alintam. From barangay $alitam it )ill ta9e about '! to 0 minutes tra%el going to the 8ad&ao community by foot and about ! to '0 minutes riding a tricycle. 8ushes and trees li9e sampaloc ,tamarind/ and banana trees are abundant on the 8ad&ao island because of the good soil but its ashamed that the 8ad&ao do not ha%e idea and 9no)ledge in farming and planting. There are se%eral ban9a on the seashore that the 8ad&ao uses for their e%eryday fishing and hunting of pearls. The 8ad&ao community is composed of a population of estimated 00 people )hich is di%ided into '00 families. $ost of them are children seemingly about the age of '0 years old. An a%erage household of the 8ad&ao in the community about is  to '0 family members. They li%e in a hut of about C3 s5uare meters" made of bamboo and cogon lea%es. The floor of the hut is apart from the ground about '.! meters" supported by )ooden columns. To get in the house they use )ooden ladder. $en in the community )or9 as fishermen )hile the )omen as house)i%es. +hildren of the community spend a day mostly playing )ith friends doing arm )restling and running around" andNor helping their mothers for coo9ing and fetching )ater from a common deep)ell. The staple food of the 8ad&ao is cassa%a. They buy it at a public mar9et in 8atangas +ity. They also purchase products li9e sardine can and munchies and some run a sariCsari store ,miniCgroceries/ selling those products. They eat t)o times a day. They eat in the late morning and the late afternoon. ;ome sell merienda ,snac9s/ li9e boiled corn and noodle in the community.

Page 25


The 8ad&aos are %ery friendly to %isitors. +hildren approach %isitors )ith a big smile and fe) approaches saying pahingi ,gi%e me money/. ;ome adults try to sell to %isitors their ethnic products li9e pearl nec9lace and ring. They are animists rather than $uslim and they are afraid of spirits d)elling in the tree. Any religious practice of (slam is not ob%iously seen in the community )hile their names retain the fla%or of (slamic culture. Eu"'#$o-

The 8ad&ao lac9s education because of their culture and tradition" financially and they are not used in schooling. They more focus on ho) they can eat for the rest of the day and &ust en&oy life as is. As they lac9 of education" employment seems impossible for them. Although there is a public school near their community" for them its enough that they learn ho) to read and )rite. $ost of their children stop schooling as they learn to read and )rite and only fe) finish and graduate.

) PHYSICAL DATA Geo(r'p+5

A coastal city lying in a co%eli9e shape at the southeastern portion of the Pro%ince. Total >and AreaK appro*.. "000 mV or  hectares +oordinatesK '3 degrees" 1! minutes and !.G seconds north latitude and '' degrees" 3 minutes and G. seconds east longitude

Page 26

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. Cl$m'#e '- 1e'#+er Co-$#$o-

8atangas +ity is generally coolest during the months of December to Eanuary )ith temperature ranging from W+ to W+. The mean temperature rises and attains a ma*imum of 3 degrees +elsius ,3W+/ in $ay. The month of 4ctober mar9s the steady fall of temperature. The driest months in 8atangas +ity are from Eanuary to April" )ith the a%erage monthly rainfall of less than !0 mm per month. The northeast monsoon amihan pre%ails starting the months of Bo%ember up to April. The south)est monsoon :habagat< pre%ails “

”

bringing )ith it considerable rain. A pronounced ma*imum rain period occurs in 8atangas during the months of Eune" Euly" August and ;eptember )hen south)est monsoon flo) is steadiest and the a%erage monthly rainfall is ! mm per month. 8y the end of 4ctober" the northeast monsoon starts to set again.

D$re"#$o- #o B'#'-(' C$#5, B'#'-('

8atangas +ity is &ust as accessible as other to)ns and cities in 8atangas through ;outh >uzon *press)ay and ;outhern Tagalog Arterial ?oad or ;TA? Toll)ay. @ith a matter of ''0 9ilometers from $anila" one can reach 8atangas +ity in an a%erage tra%el time of less than t)o hours. Go$-( #o #+e B'!'o Commu-$#5 $- B'#'-('

The 8ad&ao li%e on an islandNbar of an estuary area of 8atangas +ity. To reach their community" it ta9es about 30 minutes by ban9a ,fishing canoe/ from 8atangas +ity. There is also an access path from barangay $alitam to their community but only by foot or Page 27


tricycle can be use to go to their community because there are no good roads for any cars or %ehicle to dri%e through so from $alintam. From barangay $alitam it )ill ta9e about '! to 0 minutes tra%el going to the 8ad&ao community by foot and about ! to '0 minutes riding a tricycle. MALITAM, BATANGAS CITY FLOOD MAP

The community of the 8ad&ao is near the boundary of barangay $alitam 3 near the +alumpang ?i%er and up to 8atangas 8ay. The 8a&a)an in the map is part of the location of the community of the 8ad&ao and it goes up to the land of barangay @a)a.

Page 28


So$l T5pe

TP 4F ;4(>

A6?(+I>TI?A> P4TBT(A>;

H5roo$l

salt beds and fishponds

Cl'5 Lo'm

sugar cane" bananas" %egetables" rice and corn

M$-er'l Reour"e

;alt beds originally e*isted abundantly in barangays ;ta. +lara and $alitam but rapid urbanization and the e*pansionNde%elopment of the 8atangas Port li9e)ise resulted to the end of this industry. Fore#r5

The forest resources of the area are not in commercial 5uantity e*cept for bamboo )hich is in demand for use in the construction of fish pens. There are numerous planted %egetables )hich are pri%ately o)ned and abundant banana trees.

Page 29

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. 1'#er Reour"e

The community has a direct access to the +alumpang ?i%er and 8atangas 8ay. The community has a deep )ell source of )ater.

Page 30


Page 31

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. LOCATION MAP

The community of the 8ad&ao is near the boundary of barangay $alitam 3 and itnear the +alumpang ?i%er and up to 8atangas 8ay. The 8a&a)an in the map is part of the location of the community of the 8ad&ao and it goes up to the land of barangay @a)a. The )hole area of community of the 8ad&ao are consist of only houses or residential land use of the 8ad&ao and has only t)o small store and open space areas.

Page 32


FIGURE GROUND MAP

Page 33


Page 34

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. LIST OF BUILDING

BUILDING

FUNCTION

Hu# or Houe

CONDITION

The 8ad&aos li%es on these

The houses are poorly

stilted Huts.

constructed but still it sho)s the traditional custom houses

Houses are stilted to protect

of the 8ad&ao )here they use

them from tresspassers and

only )ood or natural

in cases of flood.

elements on their houses. ;ome houses loo9s different and 5uite unli9ely traditional for them. ;ome made their houses )ith fences" painted )ith colors and build )ithout stilts )hich is unli9ely to the 8ad&ao traditional housing.

Page 35


Sm'll S#ore

•

The

community has

t)o

•

small stores )here they buy

concrete and metal roofed. (t

food"

is not a traditionally building

drin9s"

and

othe

for the 8ad&ao community.

neccessities they need.

Re"re'#$o-'l Are'

•

They pro%ide sheltered areas

•

$ade out of )ood" rattan and

•

cogon. Poorly constructed and

)here they could hang out" socialize and the children to study

and

)ritings.

Page 36

The stores are made by )ood

practice

their

unmaintained.


* SECTORAL DATA

TRANSPORTATION L'- Tr'-por#'#$o-

The people in the area tra%el by tricycles" &eepneys and pri%ate %ehicles. 6oing to the 8ad&ao community they tra%el by foot" single motorcycles and tricycles. A$r Ser%$"e

There is no e*isting airport in 8atangas +ity. Helicopters use the 8atangas Bational High ;chool ground" the Quezon $emorial ;tadium" the PPA facilities and the +am 6eneral $iguel $al%ar in barangay Alangilan as landing and ta9eoff area. 1'#er Tr'-por#'#$o-

They use small crafts or small boats.

Page 37


B PRIMARY DATA I-#er%$e2 2$#+:

;e'-5 Roe D Du'

Mr ;'o Rub'$o

8arangay Laga)ad of 8arangay $alitam

8ad&ao li%ing in the 8a&ao +ommunity

8atangas +ity

8atangas +ity

Mr 1e-( Al'm'-$

8ad&ao li%ing in the 8a&ao +ommunity 8atangas +ity

Page 38


According to the inter%ie)" the community )as been there for more than 30 years and the first 8ad&ao group came from the part of @estern $indanao. They scattered from $indanao to >uzon because of the spi9e of tourism" social unrest and fightsN)ar that going on their past home land. Bo) the part of 8atangas near barangay $alitam and )a)a )here the community lies is the ne) homeland of more than 00 population of 8ad&ao in the Philippines.

According to 8arangay Laga)ad Eeany Dudas said" the land that the community of the 8ad&ao is actually not part of 8arangay $alitam anymore and its pri%ately o)ned by the Department of n%ironment and Batural ?esources. Although the land is not for the 8ad&ao o)nership" the go%ernment supports and let the 8ad&ao to ha%e their community of 8ad&ao there and part of their community )as financially supported before by the go%ernment. According to $r. Eao ?ubadio and $rs. @eng Alamani" they ha%e li%ed in the community e%er since they )ere born and e%eryone of their tribe ably li%ing in their community. They can li%e peacefully" eat three times a day and the children can go to school and ha%e chance to be educated. For them itJs enough that their children learn to read and )rite so some dont finish schooling and &ust help their parents fishing and selling pearls and handmade products in the mar9et. 8ecause of the 8atangas bay they ha%e a )ay of li%ing" the only thing their people 9no) as li%ing" thats fishing and di%ing for pearls. Although they ably li%ing in their community" financial is still a big problem for them" they cant afford to buy cloths" utensils" do restorations and materials for their homes" build more houses for increasing families" ma9e their children finish schooling and other needs for them and for their community. 4n the other hand e%en in a Page 39


subsistence li%ing" the location and climate of the place is good for their community because of the bay they can do fishing and flood is not an issue on their community because of the high and %ery %ast land.

These photos )ere ta9en by the researcher and they sho) the landscape" the houses of the 8ad&ao and present conditions of their community. There are photos that )ere ta9en that sho) the beha%ior of the 8ad&aos in their community and )ay of their li%ing.

•

The first photo is the 8arangay hall of $alitam and its )ere the researcher as9 and inter%ie) 8arangay Laga)ad Eeany Dudas

F$(ure &:

•

for the location of the 8ad&ao community. The second photo is the only road to the 8ad&ao community. The path is a long and rough road from barangay $alitam to the community of the 8ad&ao. +ar can go through the rough road so )al9ing or riding a tricycle is the best )ay to tra%el

Page 40

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. F$(ure ): T+e rou(+ ro' #o #+e B'!'o "ommu-$#5

(ts a '! to 0 minutes )al9 or ! to '0 minutes ride by a tricycle from barangay $alitam. 8ushes and trees li9e sampaloc ,tamarind/ and banana trees are abundant. The soil in the location loo9s good for planting and farming.

F$(ure *: T+e l'-"'pe $- #+e lo"'#$o-

Houses and boats )ill be the first to see on reaching the community of the 8ad&ao. The community is &ust right beside the 8atangas 8ay.

F$(ure 8: T+e B'!'o Commu-$#5

Page 41


4ne of the first thing you )ill see )hen you get on the community are the boats. The community has many small boats that they use for their fishing. F$(ure <: B'-=' . Sour"e o> #+e$r l$%$-(

;ome 8ad&ao in the community has poultry animals li9e duc9s and chic9en.

F$(ure ?: Poul#r5

@hen building a house the 8ad&ao help each other on constructing one house. A house is stilted by )ooden post and columns. They use cogon roof" rattan for )all and bamboos for the flooring and construction of their hutsNhouses.

Page 42


F$(ure @: Co-#ru"#$o- '- bu$l$-( m'#er$'l >or #+e$r +oue

The 9itchen of their houses is &ust outside of their houses and messy. The 9itchen is dangerous for their house. (t may cause fire because of the materials of F$(ure : K$#"+e-

their house. ;ome houses loo9s different and 5uite unli9ely traditional for them. ;ome made their houses )ith fences" painted )ith colors and build )ithout stilts )hich is unli9ely to the 8ad&ao traditional housing.

Page 43

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. F$(ure : D$>>ere-# +oue

The community has a tricycle use for deli%eries of goods and emergency transportation commonly )hen someone

F$(ure &: Tr'-por#'#$o-

needs to go to hospital. $otorcycles are also use by some for transportation. They use )ater from the deep)ell that they ha%e in their community for cleaning and drin9ing but there are some also buy purified )ater for drin9ing. The )ater on the bay commonly used by the

F$(ure &&: 1'#er our"e

8ad&ao for )ashinh their cloths. There are t)o e*isting small store in the community.

F$(ure &): S#ore $- #+e "ommu-$#5

Page 44


The researcher inter%ie)ed t)o 8ad&ao C $r. Eao ?ubadio and $rs. @eng Alamani that o)ns the t)o stores in the community.

F$(ure &*: T+e ree'r"+er $-#er%$e2e

A single family in the community consists of  to '0 family members. They traditionally li9ely to ha%e big family and belie%e that it richer to ha%e a big F$(ure &8: B$( F'm$l5

family. The often tra%el to the city and uses big bag that they carry on their shoulders.

F$(ure &<:

Page 45


4n free time of the children they mostly play together. ;ome children practice their )riting on their free time. The children also help their family on fishing or gathering the catch that they might sell on the mar9et. There is part on the community )here the children gather to sit and chat )ith each other and e%en the adults. F$(ure &?:

$ostly in time of needs the youth and the children go to the cities and %enture to get and beg for money to other people. They enter &eepneys and play their self made F$(ure &@:

drums as they beg money for the passengers. The $alitam lementary school is the closest school that the 8ad&ao children goes to and its )here they learn to read and )rite.

F$(ure &: Page 46


Cul#ur'l Pr'"#$"e

The 8ad&ao ha%e been nomadic for most of their history. The people are tra%eling by boat from one island to another is search of a fishing har%est. $any 8ad&ao are still practicing the same lifestyle up to this day" )hich e*plains )hy they are still commonly called the sea gypsies. Their li%elihood depends on the sea" they use numerous methods of fishing li9e spear fishing" fish traps" hoo9 and line" fish farms etc. They farm sea)eeds" gather shells and so forth as their source of food or to sellNbarter for other necessities such as clothing" materials for boat construction" mats" and fishing e5uipment. The 8ad&aos in the community same as traditional do fishing as their main source of food and li%elihood. @ithout the )ater or the sea" they ha%e no life and li%elihood because they do not ha%e any 9no)ledge other that life on the sea. According to a legend" they came from the shores of Eohore" (ndonesia" )here they had already been li%ing in clusters of houseboats. There are other theories claims that the 8a&aos )ere originally from the landCbased ;amal group but branched off into boat d)ellers as a result of their occupation. Another theory claims the 8ad&aos )ere originally boat d)ellers that e%entually built stilt houses near fertile fishing grounds. The 8ad&ao social and cultural de%elopment )as influenced by the $uslim or (slam and the ;panish and American influence has been %irtually nothing. This is due to t)o factors" first is that the 8ad&ao li%ed in the territory of the $uslim Filipinos and second is they are itinerant tra%elers and do not settle %ery long on a single place. Tr'$#$o-'l Cul#ure

Page 47


Their paintings and car%ings are integral to their life cycle. (n )edding ceremonies" the )edding beautician must be adept at applying the special ma9eup on the bride and groom. @ith a razor blade tied )ith thread to a split bamboo t)ig" the beautician shapes the brides eyebro)s into a triangle and car%es tiny bangs on her forehead. >ampblac9 is used to outline a rectangle on her forehead and is emphasized by a yello) ginger &uice. 8lac9 dots are outlined horizontally abo%e the eyebro)s andNor beneath the eyes )ith the pointed end of a coconut midrib. Another beautician attends to the groom and his face is made up the same )ay. The traditional attire of a 8ad&ao is the :patad&ong.< (t has many uses. They are made large enough to fit any person and is )orn by both men and )omen as a s9irt or go)n tuc9ed at the chest le%el. (t can ser%e as head co%er" )aistband" sash" blan9et" hammoc9" shoulder bag" cradle" pouch" hood" or pillo). The )omens :sablay< is a loosed slee%ed blouse reaching do)n to the hips. A :simpay< ,band/ forms the front opening and e*tends to the bac9 from a small collar. A )omans typical accessories are &e)elry and colored combs. The bracelet is the most popular ornament. 4ther pieces of &e)elry are the pendant" earring" ring nec9lace" and an9let.

Page 48

F$(ure &: Tr'$#$o-'l 2e$-( '- '##$re

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. B'!'o Tr'$#$o-'l 1e$-(

Almost Filipino )eddings ha%e a traditional touch. The )edding ceremony is usually long and carefully prepared celebrations among the Filipino families. Eust similar to any %ibrant Filipino )eddings" the 8ad&ao )edding ceremony stayed the same" )hole" memorable" as )ell as muchCcelebrated through the community. The couples are adorned )ith stunning &e)elry. ;e%eral couples )ear +hinese gold &e)elry. 4ther)ise" they put on a pearl nec9lace" )atches" and rings. They loo9 similar to a $uslim royal couple. @hen couples )ere arranged to marry one another" both families began the preparations )hich include the )edding dance rituals. Planning and also the real celebration continue for 3 successi%e days along )ith singing as )ell as dancing. (t is normal in 8ad&ao )edding rituals that the family of the groom shoulders all of the fees. 4n the 'st day" panyam" a combination of rice" starch" sugar and oil are prepared as )ell as gi%en to chosen elders. From  pm till midnight on the first  nights" the local community gathers for a dance. $erriment includes the singing of the 8ad&ao lo%e songs ,Tenes/" old as )ell as modern songs are accepted. During the  e%enings of dancing" the couple is not allo)ed to see one another. They simply met after the ceremony. During the 3rd day" the members of the family %isit the grooms residence to assist in the preparations of food and drin9s. The food depends upon the budget of the grooms family. The )edding starts usually around am" a 8ad&aus sacred time. The couple )ears their )edding outfits in their indi%idual homes. The 8ad&ao marriage rite is officiated by a religious leader called (mam. During the )edding ceremony" the (mam holds one tip of a large hand9erchief )hile other end holds by the groom as they )al9 to the brides house. 8ased on study" as the hands are co%ered )ith a hand9erchief" the toes of the (mam as )ell as the groom are spread near a little bo)l )ith 9amangyan or incense. The (mam ne*t proceeds to pray on symbolic offerings of )ater and food. He )hispers a saying on the glass of )ater and offers it to the groom. The glass is then handed to the co%ered bride to drin9. Follo)ing the brief ceremony" the (mam starts another chant and go to the room in )hich the bride is concealed. %entually" the cloth co%ering is remo%ed. The (mam goes in accompanied by the groom along )ith his Page 49


father. The grooms hand is placed on the brides forehead. Then" the couple mo%es in circular motion up to four times. A little girl comes along )ith the bride" )hile a little boy )al9s together )ith the groom. 4n the )ay" those )ho are )aiting can greet the ne)ly )ed. Household things" li9e a huge )ash basin" coo9ing items" pots" as )ell as pans are brought to)ards the community center" in )hich a stage is to establish )ith the couples name as bac9ground. Another important symbol is a big suitcase called maleta" )hich symbolizes a family of the couple. The couple performs the bridal dance as other people place peso bills bet)een the brides finger as )ell as the groom")hich ta9e their turn for a dance. The  9ids that help the couple )ill also dance and people li9e)ise place peso bills in bet)een their fingers. The cash collected )ill be used by the bride and groom in starting up their family. As a portion of their do)ry" the men 8ad&ao also e*ercise the offering of bride price" in )hich the grooms family pro%ides an agreed amount of money to the family of the bride. The a%erage age for 8a&aus to get married is during puberty. (f a 8a&au reaches 30 years old and is still single" people notice herNhim as ugly and financially incapable. (n the tradition" lots of 8a&au teenagers got married at the age of '.

B'!'o #r'$#$o-'l So-( '- D'-"e

The 8ad&aos ha%e fi%e types of songsK the leleng" binoa" tenes" panul9in" and lugu. *cept for the last t)o" the lyrics are impro%ised and sung to a traditional tune. The :leleng< is sung in most occasion. Anyone can sing the leleng. The :binoa< is similarly chanted as the leleng. The :tenesCtenes< is a ballad )hose tune changes )ith the lyrics. (t may be sung for any occasion and by anyone. The melody of a 9no)n tenes may be used for a different set of lyrics. $ost tenes ha%e a sub&ect of courtship and lo%e. The tenes is also a song addressed to the shar9s. A )oman sings the :lugu< at a )edding as the :imam< or :panglima< )al9s )ith the groom to the brides Page 50


side. The lugus lyrics are %erses from the Loran it has a traditional and melancholy tune. The panul9in is sung only by the imam and has traditional tune and lyrics. (t is sung during the %igil of the dead" from am to 'am. (t is a )ay of 9eeping a)a9e and of ma9ing the community a)are that somebody has died. The 8ad&aos dance traditions are similar )ith the other ethnic groups of ;ulu" particularly the tribes in ;amal. The basic traditional dance mo%ement is the igal or pangalay performed by the female. The dancers hair is preferably pulled bac9 in a bun" although it may also be allo)ed to hang loose. ither a drum or a gabbang accompanies the dance. T+e$r Bel$e>

$any 8ad&aos of the east coast retain thei seaborne lifestyle )ith remnants of traditional preC(slamic beliefs. Traditional 8ad&ao communities may ha%e adu9un or a shaman and may adhere to taboos concerning the treatment of the sea and other cultural aspects. An e*ample of this is the offering of than9s to the 4mboh Dilaut" the 6od of the ;ea" )hene%er a particularly large catch is brought. Among the boatCd)ellers in particular" community spirit mediums are consulted at least once a year for a public sXance and nightly trance dancing. (n times of epidemics" the mediums are also called upon to remo%e illness causing spirits from the community. They do this by setting a :spirit boat< adrift in the open sea beyond the %illage or anchorage. Bel$e> 2+e- omeo-e $e

The 8ad&ao tradition in burying the deceased is still practiced until no). They usually bathe the deceased and )rap )ith a malong together )ith their personal belongings. ;ince thy li%e on boats" they go to ad&acent land and bury the deceased. This is the reason )hy they are not used in farming and gardening because they belie%e that digging is for burying the dead.

Page 51


TABLES AND GRAPHS TABLE & PRO;ECTED POPULATION BY SE ESTIMATED NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLD POPULATION

LOCATION 8ad&ao +ommunity outside the boundary of barangay $alitam and @a)a

BOTH SEES

MALE

FEMALE

HOUSES

HOUSEHOLD

E#$m'#e

E#$m'#e

E#$m'#e

E#$m'#e

E#$m'#e

00

3!0

3!0

'00

 7 '0 members

Page 52


POP!AT"O# $ATE

Children

0 - 11

(260)

Youth

12 - 17

(150)

4% 37% 38%

Adult

18 - 59

(265)

enior Citi!en

60 a"o#e

(25)

21%

The graph sho)s that the community has the highest population rate of adult )ith 3#2 of the total population" but the children of 32 combine )ith the youth )ith '2 of the total population )ill gi%e !#2 of the total population that sho)s more than the half of the population of the 8ad&ao are the younger age. The senior citizen on the other hand has the lo)est population rate of 12 of the total population and that sho)s that the 8ad&aos in the community doesnt li%e for long age.

Page 53

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. TABLE ) & YEAR AGE.SE DISTRIBUTION

AGE

BOTH SEES

ESTIMATED MALE

FEMALE

T O TAL

@

*<

*<

Inder ' ' C '0 '' C 0 ' C 30 3' C 10 1' C !0 !' C 0 ' C 0 ' C #0 #' and o%er

'00 '0 '!0 #0 #0 ! 10 '!  3

!0 #0 ! 10 10 33 0 # 3 '

!0 #0 ! 10 10 3 0  1 

A6 0 C 0 ' U o%er

 !#.!2 1'.132

Pro!e"#e

1'0 G0

Eu"'#$o-

The 8ad&ao lac9s education because of their culture and tradition" financially and they are not used in schooling. They more focus on ho) they can eat for the rest of the day and &ust en&oy life as is. As they lac9 of education" employment seems impossible for them.

Page 54


Although there is a public school near their community" for them its enough that they learn ho) to read and )rite. $ost of their children stop schooling as they learn to read and )rite and only fe) finish and graduate.

TABLE * EDUCATION RATE OF THE BAD;AO CHILDREN IN MALITAM ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CATEGORIES

Prep to Linder ,$alitam lementary ;hool/ lementary 6rade ' 7 ! ,$alitam lementary ;hool/ To#'l

CASE STUDIES LOCAL CASE STUDY &: Pro!e"#: L$#er'"5 Promo#$o- Pro!e"# Lo"'#$o-: ;ta. +ruz" 4ccidental $indoro Page 55

NUMBER OF STUDENTS ENROLLED MALE FEMALE

'

1

33

3

&&

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. S$m$l'r$#5 #o #+e Pro!e"#: Thus case study of >iteracy Pro&ect for $angyan is one of the ma&or pro&ects in $indoro to help the

(ndigenous People )hen it comes to education. They establish literacy center to use for learning to educate the $angyan people to)ards the education" and it include the construction of the facilities li9e office" library" staff house" )or9shop area" storage house" toilet and bathroom and drying facility. The pro&ect )as started on Eanuary 00! and ended in February 00#. The (ndigenous Peoples" $angyans" located in $indoro (sland are the beneficiaries of the pro&ect. The main acti%ities includeK '. . 3. 1.

stablishment of literacy centers and conduct of literacy classes +onstruction of facilities for $angyan Human De%elopment +enter +onduct of %ocational trainings Training of former scholars of 'st +entury Association as >iteracy +lass Facilitators. After more than one year of pro&ect implementation" the construction of facilities for the $angyan Human De%elopment +enter

)as completed in February 00. At present" there are  $angyan scholars of )hich ' are in high school and  are in grade school.  %olunteers )ho )ere also former scholars of ' st +entury Association li%e in the center to help in the daily operation of the center. LOCAL CASE STUDY ): Pro!e"#: 1'#er S5#em De%elopme-# >or #+e $-$(e-ou People '- L$%el$+oo De%elopme-# >or #+e B'!'o Commu-$#$e Lo"'#$o-: ;iay" Zamboanga ;ibugay S$m$l'r$#5 #o #+e Pro!e"#: This case study of the 8ad&ao in part of $indanao ha%e a similarly proposal )here the 8ad&ao )ill benefit to

the pro&ect. The ma&or program is to ha%e a good access to )ater system in their community )hich is the basic need and the li%elihood program to impro%e the condition of the source of income. Page 56


The community mpo)erment Program ,+4/ featured the :@ater ;ystem De%elopment for the (ndigenous People and >i%elihood de%elopment for the 8ad&ao +ommunities< )hich started last Bo%ember 001 and )as completed in $arch 00. The introduction of community le%el ser%ice facilities for the mainland indigenous communities is crucial in facilitating impro%ed li%ing condition of the (ndigenous Peoples ,(Ps/. Thus through the @ater ;ystem De%elopment for the (ndigenous Peoples component" the communities )as pro%ided access to their most basic need" )ater" )hich )ill allo) them to sur%i%e and impro%e agricultural production for their immediate subsistence needs. (t is also e*pected that ready access to potable )ater resources )ill lessen the incidence of )aterCborne diseases and impro%e the hygiene and sanitation condition of the community. The spring )ater systems )ere installed in the (ndigenous Peoples ,(Ps/ communities. 4n the other hand" there is the situation of the marginalized 8ad&ao population in the island pro%ince of ;ulu. (t said that the 8ad&aos are often discriminated because of their lac9 of access to resources. The allegation that the 8ad&aos are being harassed and maltreated by a tribe of higher status is also a perennial problem. (n the :>i%elihood De%elopment for the 8ad&ao +ommunities< component" it is e*pected that organizing the 8ad&aos around the issue of coastal resource management )ould lead to impro%ed li%elihood condition for the 8ad&aos and promote peace and understanding among the tribes in conflict. The Pro&ect acti%ities )ereK '. . 3. 1. !. .

(dentify and train 8ad&ao community organizers and leaders. +onduct participatory research" resource in%entory mapping and assessment. +onduct li%elihood trainings. +onduct capacity building training on cooperati%e formation. +onstruct community drying facilities. Form fishing groups in each of the 8ad&ao communities for the protection of 8ad&ao fishermen from harassment and physical harm. The li%elihood trainings included sea)eed farming technology" non&Cdestructi%e fishing processing" fish cage technology and mat )ea%ing. Page 57


FOREIGN CASE STUDY: Pro!e"#: Re#or$-( L$%el$+oo $- Po#.Co->l$"# Commu-$#$e Lo"'#$o-: ;ri" >an9a S$m$l'r$#5 #o #+e Pro!e"#: The +ommunity >i%elihoods pro&ect )as designed to pro%ide income generation opportunities for %ulnerable

people" including %ictims of the conflict" +ommunities ha%e established re%ol%ing funds and '"!! youth recei%ed s9ills de%elopment training and are no) employed" >i%elihood.

Page 58


The >ongClasting armed conflict in ;ri >an9a that ended in $ay 00G destroyed assets" possessions and li%elihoods of the people. $ost aspects of life suffered C people )ere displaced" institution schemes )ere damaged. The country faces the enormous and deeply comple* challenges of reconstructing damaged or destroyed physical infrastructure )hile ma9ing progress on social reconciliation and building a political consensus. The greatest immediate challenge is the situation of those families )ho ha%e been displaced. The Borthern Pro%ince )as the )orst affected area" especially during the final si* months of the armed conflict" )hen an estimated 0"000 indi%iduals fled the )ar zone and became (nternally Displaced Persons ,(DPs/ in all districts of the Pro%ince. The 6o%ernment of ;ri >an9a policy is to bring the conflictCaffected population bac9 to producti%e life by pro%iding basic amenities in order to help the people to li%e )ith dignity and to create a physically" economically and socially sustainable en%ironment for their reintegration. The +ommunity >i%elihoods pro&ect pro%ides income generation opportunities for %ulnerable people" including %ictims of the conflict to restore normality to their li%es and encourage social and economic integration. The pro&ect co%ers the Borthern and astern pro%inces as )ell as ad&oining districts and is assisting more than 00"000 families in o%er '"000 %illages.

Reul#: •

Appro*imately 00"000 families that ha%e benefited so far from the program ha%e seen their incomes increases by up to !0

•

percent. +ommunities in%ested in income generation acti%ities )ithin the %illage economy on crop agriculture" li%estoc9" fisheries" selfC

•

employment and microenterprises. Another O'0"000 )as pro%ided for li%elihood support acti%ities for marginalized groups such as elderly" )omen headed households and youth.

Page 59

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. •

Appro*imately '"!# youth recei%ed s9ills de%elopment training pro%ided by a community s9ill de%elopment fund and employment.

SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS The 8ad&ao community in the barangay of $alitam (( and @a)a" 8atangas +ity is a %ery poor and unde%eloped community. They ha%e poor hygiene" poor )ater source" unmanaged solid )aste and degraded natural resources" unimpro%ed bridge" and lac9 of source of electricity" po%erty and illiteracy. 8ecause the community does not ha%e stable source of income other than fishing" the 8ad&aos in the community cant manage to ha%e a satisfying life and ability to sol%e their community problems li9e sanitary issues" poorly utilize and constructed houses planning" and they cant de%elop and preser%e their ethnic community. The community needs proper planning and de%elopment" proper sanitary and )ater resource and pro%ides better access to the city. Their houses must be build in their traditional )ay and a%oid un)anted structures that )ould affect their identity and also to preser%e their heritage as an ethnic tribal group.

C RESEARCH TOPIC & 0ERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE

-ernacular architecture around the )orld is impressi%ely rich )ith ingenious techni5ues early d)ellers used to protect themsel%es from the di%erse )eather conditions they )ere sub&ect to. (t re%eals the combination of local climate conditions" locally a%ailable materials" simple construction techni5ues" li%ing style" traditions and socioeconomic conditions of the region. The -ernacular buildings are human constructs that are the results of relationships among ecological" economic" material" and social factors. Due to the fact that Page 60


%ernacular architecture has e%ol%ed through trial and error methods" %ernacular buildings and site planning depend on substantially e*perience" surrounding conditions" and local materials such as adobe" stone and timber ,6lassie" 000/. ;pecifically" %ernacular architecture is ta9en attention in terms of its continuity. Thus" it can be seen as the essence of sustainability )ith its inherent characteristics. $oreo%er" %ernacular settlements are often considered as the predecessors of sustainable built en%ironments ,8ezemer" 00#/. I->lue-"e o- #+e 0er-'"ul'r

-ernacular architecture is influenced by a great range of different aspects of human beha%ior and en%ironment" leading to differing building forms for almost e%ery different conte*t e%en neighboring %illages may ha%e subtly different approaches to the construction and use of their d)ellings" e%en if they at first appear the same. Despite these %ariations" e%ery building is sub&ect to the same la)s of physics" and hence )ill demonstrate significant similarities in structural forms. ,6lassie" 000/ Cl$m'#e

4ne of the most significant influences on %ernacular architecture is the macro climate of the area in )hich the building is constructed. 8uildings in cold climates in%ariably ha%e high thermal mass or significant amounts of insulation. They are usually sealed in order to pre%ent heat loss" and openings such as )indo)s tend to be small or nonCe*istent. 8uildings in )arm climates" by contrast" tend to be constructed of lighter materials and to allo) significant crossC%entilation through openings in the fabric of the building. 8uildings ta9e different forms depending on precipitation le%els in the region 7 leading to d)ellings on stilts in many regions )ith fre5uent flooding or rainy monsoon seasons. Flat roofs are rare in areas )ith high le%els of precipitation. ;imilarly" areas )ith high )inds )ill lead to specialized buildings able to cope )ith them" and buildings )ill be oriented to present minimal area to the direction of pre%ailing )inds T+e Trop$"'l Cl$m'#e Page 61


The main stresses of this climate are high humidity le%els" temperatures and solar radiation. Humidity reduces cooling %ia e%aporation as the air is already saturated" so by %entilating a space" the saturated air is remo%ed" increasing the rate of e%aporation and con%ection that dissipates heat from the body" building structure and fabric. ;olar shading is also an efficient means of 9eeping cool ho)e%er" due to the limited nature of this assignment %entilation is the focus of this study. ,8ezemer" 00#/ Intutored builders of the %ernacular had an admirable talent for suiting buildings to their en%ironment. An e*tensi%e 9no)ledge of the climate and ability to modify their buildings meant %arious %entilation techni5ues for cooling and reducing solar gains )ere incorporated into building designs. ,8ezemer" 00#/ Tropical %ernacular homes )ere located in areas of dense %egetation )ith o%erhanging trees that could shade the building )hilst creating a cooler microclimate. They )ere orientated to)ards pre%ailing )inds to optimize cross %entilation in the instance of $icronesia" homes faced to)ards the ocean to ma*imize sea breezes. ,8ezemer" 00#/

Nom'$" D2ell$-(

There are many cultures around the )orld )hich include some aspect of nomadic life" and they ha%e all de%eloped %ernacular solutions for the need for shelter. These all include appropriate responses to climate and customs of their inhabitants" including practicalities of simple construction such as huts" and if necessary" transport. $any nomadic people use materials common in the local en%ironment to construct temporary d)ellings. 4ther cultures reuse materials" transporting them )ith them as they mo%e. *amples of this are the 8ad&ao tribe" )ho uses local trees li9e bamboos to ma9e

Page 62


their houses. Botable in each case is the significant impact of the a%ailability of materials and the a%ailability of pac9 animals or other forms of transport on the ultimate form of the shelters. All the shelters are adapted to suit the local climate. The type of structure and materials used for a d)elling %ary depending on ho) permanent it is. Fre5uently mo%ed nomadic structures )ill be light)eight and simple" more permanent ones )ill be less so. @hen people settle some)here permanently" the architecture of their d)ellings )ill change to reflect that.

M'#er$'l

(n all instances local materials )ere used" )hat )as closest to hand and readily a%ailable. This )as typically timer and palms. Timber" a light)eight material )as generally used for )alls and floors and thatch )as used on the roof" both pro%iding good insulation from solar gains being materials of a lo) thermal capacity. (n the instance of the $bure" a type of %ernacular specific to Pacific" )alls )ere made from )o%en reed and could be rolled do)n )hen pri%acy )as re5uired )ithout bloc9ing %entilation. (n most instances" materials and forms ha%e been adapted o%er the years because of e*ternal influences 7 migration" in%asion etc. Timber )alls )ere replaced )ith concrete and )ooden shutters became glass or single hung )indo)s ho)e%er these adaptations do not necessarily denote beneficial de%elopments" particularly regarding %entilation. ,8ezemer" 00#/ The local en%ironment and the construction materials it can pro%ide in many aspect of %ernacular architecture Areas rich in trees )ill de%elop a )ooden %ernacular" )hile areas )ithout much )ood may use mud or stone. The indigenous people in the Philippines are commonly use bamboo" as it both plentiful and %ersatile. -ernacular is almost sustainable" and )ill not e*haust the local resources.

Page 63


8amboo are the fastest gro)ing plants in the )orld" notable economic and cultural significance being used for building materials" as a food source" and as a %ersatile ra) product.

(mperata cylindrica also 9no)n as +ogon grass is often used

for

a

thatched roof in most of the %ernacular homes around the Philippines and throughout southCeast Asia.

?attan is one of the Philippines most important non

timber forest

products. ?attan belongs to large subfamily of the climbing

palms )hich

gro)s throughout the country. $ainly because of the strength" lightness"

%ersatility"

and pliability of its stems" rattan is )idely used by furniture and handicraft

industries

ma9ing it an e*port )inner for the country. ) COMMUNITY DE0ELOPMENT Commu-$#5

+ommunity is constituted )hen residents in a specific geographic place are mobilized to act on locality oriented collecti%e interests. (t has a multitude of meanings from a geographically bounded physical place )ith people li%ing together and meeting their li%elihood and social interaction needs to groups of people )hose interaction is based not on physical pro*imity but on common interests.

Page 64


(t is geographically defined place )here people interact )ith each other and ha%e psychological ties )ith each other and the place in )hich they li%e. ,?obinson E. U 6reen 6. P." 0''/ De%elopme-#

De%elopment has se%eral meanings" including modernization" urbanization" industrialization" social or political transformation" technological impro%ement" and economic gro)th. (mplicit all of these is the idea that de%elopment in%ol%es change directed to)ard some particular social or economic goal. ,?obinson E. U 6reen 6. P." 0''/ +ommunity de%elopment can be defined as net)or9s of actors engaged in acti%ities through associations in a place. (t is a social process in%ol%ing residents in acti%ities designed to impro%e their 5uality of life. A group of people in a locality initiating a social action process to change their economic" social" cultural andNor en%ironmental situation. (t is a planned change. (t is planned inter%ention to stimulate social change for the e*plicit purpose of the betterment of the people and so de%elopment is ultimately a normati%e acti%ity based on someones %ision of )hat might be or ought to be. This definition asserts that the planned change is the basis for progress or an enhanced 5uality of life and that there is some agreement on )hat meant by an enhanced 5uality of life" )ho decides this" and ho) it is achie%ed. ,?obinson E. U 6reen 6. P." 0''/ Inderlying the di%ersity of definitions are contrasting frame)or9s for understanding the meaning of community de%elopment and its practice. These are community de%elopmentK • •

• •

As a process such as technical assistance" selfChelp" or conflict approaches. As a program of specified acti%ities such as housing construction" adoption of agricultural inno%ations" or implemention of recreational programs. As an outcome such as more employment" housing" access to health care" or ci%ic engagement. As an ideology of action to restructure the social" normati%e and economic order for desired ends.

Page 65


+ommunity de%elopment must be the most abused form of de%elopment o%er the decades. (t )as used to placate unsatisfied people" get de%elopment done in cheap )ay" soften up the people before the go%ernments bulldozers mo%ed in" indoctrinate people to get their blessing for programmers that had %ery little benefits for them" and )esternize especially )omen to demonstrate that they too subscribe to the )holesome life. ,;)anepoel" 00/ Core Appro'"+e #o Commu-$#5 De%elopme-# ,?obinson E. U 6reen 6. P." 0''/ Te"+-$"'l '$#'-"e

A technical assistance approach focuses on the use of technical 9no)ledge such as agricultural" health" education" and industrial to design and implement a targeted program of change. (n this approach" a technical e*pert performs a needs assessment of a community situation and designs a focused inter%ention pro&ect. Typically" these are hard pro&ects such as the building of a bridge or industrial par9" the adoption of ordinances" or the introduction of ne) or enhanced ser%ices. Technical assistance is a typical approach of go%ernments" public agencies" and it also has dominated international de%elopment efforts for decades. Sel>.+elp

;elfChelp approaches emphasize people in a community coming together and learning ho) to address their problems as they define them so as to impro%e their o)n situation. Typically" the selfChelp approach engages professionals and businesspersons in the community to become more acti%e in their community through pro&ects that address their interests and concerns. (n this approach" the community de%elopment practitioner pro%ides information as re5uested and facilitates the de%elopment of s9ills and 9no)ledge in local people so that they can define alternati%es and act in their o)n interests. This approach is more typical of community or regional de%elopment agencies" some foundations" and the +ooperati%e *tension ;er%ice. Co->l$"#

Page 66


+onflict approaches also emphasize local people )or9ing together to identify their o)n needs" nurture their o)n leadership s9ills and 9no)ledge" and organize their o)n action strategies. The practitioners using a conflict approach assume that the primary challenges facing those )ith )hom they )or9 are their po%erty and po)erlessness. ;o this approach assumes that addressing the issues or needs of clients )ill ine%itably lead to confrontation )ith those )ho ha%e more )ealth or po)er. The community de%elopment practitioner" then" is an organizer )ho helps people disco%ers that they ha%e po)er. +ommunity organizers can determine if the amount of po)er in a community is to one sided and use different methods such as protests or boycotts to shift the po)er to be more e5ual. * SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC TOURISM

Tourism in communities is not simply a case of )hether to encourage %isitors or not" but also )hat type of %isitors and )hat type of tourism the community decides it )ants and needs. As tourism relies on %isiting places and people" it cannot e*ist outside a community. 8oth tourism and the communities it is in must be %ie)ed simultaneously and any change to one )ill affect the other. ,8eeton" 00/ +ommunity tourism has been %ariously described asK •

Tourism in )hich local residents are acti%e participants as landCmanagersNusers" entrepreneurs" employees" decisionCma9ers and

•

conser%ators. An industry )hich uses the community as a resource" sells it as a product and" in the process" affects the li%es of e%eryone. +ommunity tourism shifts the focus a)ay from the tourism and their e*perience to the host community and their e*perience.

•

Tourism does more than simply gaze upon communities. (t can assist in the de%elopment of communities in terms of their economic" social and en%ironmental )ellbeing )hile at the same time can ha%e opposite effect. Tourism is a ma&or agent of change" and )hile it is often promoted by those )ith positi%e perspecti%e as a force for positi%e contributions to society" economy and natural en%ironment" such change can arri%e unnoticed. Tourism is more comple* than many Page 67


people belie%e it to be. (t intricately )o%en into a communitys regular acti%ities" as locals often utilize tourist facilities" )hile %isitors also utilize locals facilities. (n addition" the gro)ing interest in many tourists for e*periential encounters can result in loss of pri%acy otr the commoditization of the community. ,8eeton" 00/ n%ironmental and economic issues come into play in many )ays in communities" depending on numerous social as )all as economic %ariables. A focus on the en%ironmental by tourists can encourage its conser%ation and constructi%e management" )here as too many %isitors run the ris9 of lo%ing it to death. ,8eeton" 00/

REFERENCES: 8eeton" ;. ,00/. !ommunity e+elopment through Tourism. AustraliaK >andlin9s Press.

Page 68


8ezemer" -. ,00#/. ernacular rchitecture in the Tropics. Be) or9K Princeton Architectural Press. +orreia $." +arlos 6. U ?ocha ;. ,0'3/. ernacular /eritage and 0arthen rchitecture* !ontribution for (ustainable e+elopment. >ondonK +?+ Press. 6lassie" H. ,000/. ernacular rchitecture 1'aterial !ulture2. Be) or9K (ndiana Ini%ersity Press. ?obinson E. U 6reen 6. P. ,0''/. #ntroduction to !ommunity e+elopment* Theory, Practice, and (er+ice-3earning. Inited ;tates of AmericaK ;A6 Publications" (nc. ;)anepoel" ;. ,00/. !ommunity e+elopment* Brea"ing the !ycle of Po+erty. >ansdo)neK Formeset Printers +ape.

CHAPTER III: ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA INTRODUCTION

Page 69


This chapter discusses the comprehensi%e analysis and interpretation of the data and information that had been gathered in the pre%ious chapters. chapters. The chapter presents the summarization of findings" identification identification of findings" identification identification of ideas and formulation formulation of solutions that are essential to the study. This )ill also come up )ith the recommendations recommendations upon careful analysis of the community and design proposals necessary for the design and planning suitable for the needs of the people )ithin the community. This chapter )ill determine and &ustify the site and its location. This )ill ha%e great impact on ho) the study )ill be applied and )hat factors are needed to identify that may hinder the de%elopment of the study. For this study" the problems of the 8ad&aos )ill be stated and pro%ide solutions to gi%e a suitable place for a tribal community to li%e in )herein they can still practice their culture and adapt )ith the neighboring surroundings.

A SITUATIONAL SI TUATIONAL ANALYSIS ANALYSIS RESTATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The 8ad&ao community in the barangay of $alitam and @a)a" 8atangas +ity has been there for more than 30 years. They ha%e li%ed there peacefully since then" but as time changes their source of li%elihood are not enough to sustain a big family of 8ad&ao. 8ecause the community do not ha%e stable source of income and the 8ad&aos in the community do not ha%e 9no)ledge for li%elihood other than fishing" they cant buy all the essential needs for their family and they cant manage to mend and de%elop their community. community. The status of their community is unhygienic and %ery poor. They ha%e poor hygiene" poor )ater source" unmanaged solid )aste and degraded natural resources" and lac9 of source of electricity" electricity" po%erty and illiteracy. They li9ely cant manage to sol%e their communitys problems problems and most of them" mostly children" %enture going to cities to beg for money rather going to school. For them" to earn income to eat for a day is more than enough enough and they no longer longer practices their culture" tradition and beliefs as ;ama 8ad&ao and and that endangers endangers the loss of their identity. The problem is ho) the 8ad&ao in the community can sur%i%e in the 9ind of li%ing that they ha%e and ho) )ill architecture help their community to sustain its needs )ithout depending on people around them. Page 70


SUMMARY OF FINDINGS:

As the study continues" the present condition of the %illage has sho)n in the pre%ious chapters and the issues and problems concerning concerning the de%elopment of the 8ad&ao community are cleared. (t is clear that the 8ad&aos needed help to ha%e a decent li%ing and to preser%e their cultural cultural identities. The The study made by the proponent proponentss ans)ers the 5uestions 5uestions on ho) architecture architecture help the 8ad&ao can. And And lastly" the study ans)ers the 5uestion of )hat techni5ues and strategies can be applied in preser%ing the culture of the 8ad&ao Tribe. Ising the data and information that had been gathered and through through the help of the case studies" it sho)s that the %illage and in the peoples peoples culture" identities" acti%ities" architecture and their en%ironment en%ironment )ere poorly de%eloped and unmaintained. unmaintained. They ha%e difficulty and inability to de%elop their community because of insufficient or poor financial status. Their 9no)ledge for li%elihood is only at sea and other than fishing they do not ha%e capability of pro%iding stable li%elihood. The houses in the community ha%e been preser%ed by the traditional custom built and use of materials but there are some that started to change in a )ay different from the tradition and it affects the unity of the community. The preser%ation of their traditions and culture are at ris9 as modernism" illiteracy and unstable source of income struggles them do de%elop and continue to practice their traditional and cultural acti%ities. The community has %arious needs that are currently lac9ing li9e sanitation and )aste management because of the absence of toilet on their community. Houses are needed to upgrade to pro%ide the ser%ice or needs a home fitted for big households a single 8ad&ao family ha%e. The community of 8ad&ao ma&or needed is to de%elop economic status or sources of income that )ill gi%e them permanent permanent li%elihood that )ill support them" sustain and pro%ide the needs of their community.

RECOMMENDATION:

The analyzed result of the inter%ie)s from the people in the community of the 8ad&ao and other concerned people and obser%ations that )ere conducted sho)s that the 8ad&ao are e*pose to the modern en%ironment but they cant manage to cope up li%ing Page 71


as they are left behind by modernism and they struggling li%ing the )ay they only 9no) and as %agrant that deteriorate their culture and their poor and unhygienic practices in their community is threat to their health and threat of degradation in its nature that might affect the ecological system of the site. According to the study and obser%ation" there should be facilities that pro%ide sanitation or )aste management management for the community and facilities that can preser%e and nurture the culture of the 8ad&ao. The residents face incon%eniences incon%eniences )ith the e*isting condition of their houses" infrastructure and necessities as accessibility )hich can be help by proper de%elopment is ta9en and planning is done. Their main source of income and li%elihood is at sea and their boats are %ery important to them but there is no proper doc9 or pier for their boats boats that causes damages to their boats so they needed proper doc9s for their boat than protects protects their boats especially from storm. The 8ad&ao can also generate products li9e bracelets and nec9laces from the shells" stones" corals and pearls that they gather from fishing and di%ing in the sea that can add up to their tourism. @ith proper guide" planning and de%elopment they can promote s)imming s)imming area for tourist in their area as their community is &ust beside the ocean. >astly to a%oid cultural degradation degradation for the 8ad&ao" there should be a permanent area )ere their traditions and culture and meetings are can be held and also cultureCrelated facilities are the main preference of the 8ad&aos. IDENTIFICATION6ASSESMENT OF NEEDS

(dentification (dentification and assessment of needs )ill determine and address the needs" gaps bet)een current conditions to )anted condition and the )anted condition must be measured to appropriately identify the need. Beeds of assessment is a part of planning planning processes" processes" often used for impro%ement in indi%iduals" educationNtraining" organizations" or communities. (t can be an effecti%e tool to clarify problems and iden identify tify appr appropri opriate ate inte inter%en r%ention tionss or solu solution tions. s. 8y clea clearly rly iden identify tifying ing the prob problem" lem" finit finitee reso resource urcess can be dire directed cted to)a to)ards rds de%eloping and implementing a feasible and applicable solution. 6athering appropriate and sufficient data informs the process of de%eloping an effecti%e product that )ill address the group needs and )ants. Beeds assessments are only effecti%e )hen they are endsC

Page 72


focused and pro%ide concrete e%idence that can be used to determine )hich of the possible meansCtoCtheCends are most effecti%e and efficient for achie%ing the desired results.

IDENTIFICATION OF NEEDS

RECOMMENDATIONS

The need to be recognized as a )orthy of preser%ation by

•

the society and go%ernment as a 8ad&ao Tribe.

?ede%elop the 8ad&ao tribe community. Apply an appropriate and effecti%e approach and principle to sustain and impro%e the culture and tradition of the tribe.

The need for preser%ation of their identities and cultural

•

%alues in their community.

(dentify each culture and pro%ide facilities )hrere they could practice and enhance the cultural %alues of the 8ad&ao tribe.

The need to be educated to learn and de%elop the academic

•

Pro%ide a suitable area or space for learning.

•

(mpro%e e*isting commercial and )ater facilities and pro%ide

ability of the indigenous people. The need to impro%e and pro%ide facilities that gi%e consider to the health and for the good of the 8ad&ao Tribe. The need to restore and preser%e the traditional houses of

appropriate )ater and sanitary facilities for the community. •

?estore the 8ad&aos traditional indigenous architectural house

•

design. Adopt an indigenous en%ironment ser%ing the community

the 8ad&ao to attain the communitys original en%ironment.

integrated de%elopment. The need for the assurance of the communitys security

•

and safety against the threats of other nonCnati%es )ho •

%isits the community. Page 73

>ocate the boundaries )here the tourists can go and %isit to protect the tribes pri%acy. Pro%ide signage stating the rules that the tourists must follo) in


The need for a con%enient and comfortable space for the

•

%isiting the community. Pro%ide orientation place for tourists.

•

Pro%ide spaces that can pro%ide comfort to the tourists in

tourists as they %isit the 8ad&ao community. The need to probide facilities for the acti%ities of the

accordance to the initiation of the tribe. •

%isitors )ithout disturbing the physical en%ironment of the

;tate areas )here the tourists and researchers can roam )hile they are in the community.

community and the tribe. The need to pro%ide considerations on cultural planning

•

and management to achie%e the benefits of de%elopment. The need to pro%ide consideration to the road and

Pro%ide and adopt considerations on cultural planning and management.

•

transportation.

Analyze the site and plan better alternati%e routes for the community to de%elop proper access from the community to the city.

The need for the design strategy that responds to the

•

Ise natural resources li9e )ind" solar and )ater as source of

•

energy to help maintain the atmosphere of the en%ironment. 8uilding architecture and its components in terms of appro%ed

en%ironment.

use of building materials and methods suitable for the place" recognition of a %ernacular style and tradition of architecture" and •

climatic responsi%e design. $inimizing building impact in terms of building forms" mass and bul9ing and limitation on building height" floor areas and color.

Page 74


The need to impro%e and create earning opportunities for

•

Pro%ide needs for the de%elopment of the fishing of the 8ad&ao

•

tribe. Ta9e pride of all the local products that the 8ad&ao tribe has to

the 8ad&ao tribe.

offer and sell it to the tourists.

B THE SITE INTRODUCTION

@ith the help of the analyzed data from gathered data" the proponents come up to site appropriate to the proposal. (n relation )ith the progress of the study" the site must consist of different parameters and precautions on its rehabilitation and con%ersion process. Addition to these are different constrains and opportunities of the site important to be recognized to come up )ith suitable and sustainable design. These important factors are considered in order to ma9e the study sufficient and feasible to determine the proposals effecti%eness" helping the proponents to determine different techni5ues and strategies in planning and design. The re5uired site must be suitable for a Page 75


tribal community to li%e in )herein they can still practice their culture. The site must be in close pro*imity )ith the nature )herein the users can perform their day to day acti%ities )ithout remo%ing their traditions.

SITE ;USTIFICATION

+hoosing a site needs a lot of analysis and study in order to come up )ith a possible design. For this proposal the user )ho )ill use the pro&ect belongs to an indigenous tribe. 4ne factor should consider is" if the site is appro%ed and legally granted to them. To)ard this" they )ill feel comfortable to use the land and they )ont consider that they are out casted. (t should be located in rural area )here the public ser%ice are located the to)n so they can able to reach them and should be near the sea as they can practice their traditional )ay of li%ing as sea gypsies and fishermen. (n this proposal" there is no site selection to be done because the site )as appro%ed by pri%ate go%ernment o)ner and the Department of n%ironment and Batural ?esources ,DB?/. The site is located on an islandNbar of an estuary area of 8atangas +ity in the boundaries of barangay $alitam and @a)a )ith an area of appro*imately  hectares or "000 s5uare meters.

SITE ANALYSIS MACRO SITE ANALYSIS B'#'-(' C$#5

Lno)n as the :(ndustrial Port +ity of +A>A8A?Z4B< and classified as one of the most competiti%e cities in the country today and the home of appro*imately 31"'' peaceClo%ing" hospitable and hard )or9ing inhabitants. (t )as proclaimed as a +ity on Euly 3" 'GG )hich became the accelerating point of trading" commercial and industrial acti%ities in the locality. The city is presently classified as a ?egional 6ro)th +enter and identified as one of the sites for the ?egional AgroC(ndustrial +enter and ;pecial conomic Zone as Page 76


mandated by the $edium Term Philippine De%elopment Plan and the cozone Act of 'GG!. This capital city is one of the nations top re%enue earning cities and the site of one of the biggest refineries in the Philippines. The city is also hosting the first three po)er plants using natural gas )ith a combined capacity of "00$@. (t is located appro*imately '0#.00 9ilometers south of $anila. The citys fine harbor )as declared as an (nternational Port and an alternate port of $anila. The city is the land of historical places" of fresh fruits and marine resources and of great opportunities for social and economic ad%ancement. Lo"'#$o-, A""e$b$l$#5 Are'

Page 77


The +ity of 8atangas is a coastal city lying in a co%eCli9e shape at the southCeastern portion of 8atangas Pro%inceand geographically situated at coordinates '3 degrees" 1! minutes and !.G seconds north latitude and '' degrees" 3 minutes and G. seconds east longitude. (t is bounded on the north)est by the municipality of ;an Pascual on the north by the municipality of ;an Eose on the east by the municipalities of (baan" Taysan and >obo and on the south by the 8atangas 8ay. 8atangas +ity" the capital of 8atangas Pro%ince has a total land area of more or less #"!1'.11 hectares. (t is about ''.00 9ilometres a)ay from $anila and has a tra%el time of appro*imately t)o ,/ hours through the ;outhern Tagalog Arterial ?oad ,;TA?/. Cl$m'#e '- 1e'#+er Co-$#$o-

8atangas +ity is generally coolest during the months of December to Eanuary )ith temperature ranging from W+ to W+. The mean temperature rises and attains a ma*imum of 3 degrees +elsius ,3W+/ in $ay. The month of 4ctober mar9s the steady fall of temperature. The driest months in 8atangas +ity are from Eanuary to April" )ith the a%erage monthly rainfall of less than !0 mm per month. The northeast monsoon amihan pre%ails starting the months of Bo%ember up to April. “

Page 78

”


The south)est monsoon :habagat< pre%ails bringing )ith it considerable rain. A pronounced ma*imum rain period occurs in 8atangas during the months of Eune" Euly" August and ;eptember )hen south)est monsoon flo) is steadiest and the a%erage monthly rainfall is ! mm per month. 8y the end of 4ctober" the northeast monsoon starts to set again. 1'#er Sour"e

8atangas +ity is tra%ersed by se%eral streams and con%erging at the +alumpang ?i%er )hich in turn flo)s into the 8atangas 8ay. +alumpang ?i%er is a perennial body of )ater )ith a catchment area of appro*imately 1.00 s5uare 9ilometers. The ri%er forms the southeastern boundary of the Poblacion and it flo)s into the 8atangas 8ay at a point appro*imately t)o 9ilometers south of 8atangas Port. There are se%eral springs in 8atangas +ity that ha%e sufficient %olume of discharge to suffice the needs of nearby residents for their )ater supply re5uirements. These can be found in 8arangays Talumpo9 Lanluran U ;ilangan" +umba" ;to. Domingo" Talahib Pandayan" Talahib Payapa" (li&an" $alibayo" 8ilogo" Haligue Lanluran" Haligue ;ilangan" ;to. BiYo and $aruclap.

Page 79


Page 80


BATANGAS CONTOUR MAP

>ong rolling Terrain that ranges from 02 to 302 slope. (ts highest point is $ount 8anoy. The citys coastal barangays starting from ;ta. ?ita Aplaya from the north do)n to Ambulong on the south are nearly le%el at 02 to 32.

Page 81


EN0IRONMENTAL SENSITI0ITY INDE MAP BATANGAS BAY, BATANGAS

The map can sho) fishing areas inside 8atangas 8ay. (t indicates the boundaries" territory and areas of the 8ay.

;ourceK @orld @ater Forum" an international forum for )ater issues

Page 82


MICRO SITE ANALYSIS MALITAM, BATANGAS CITY MAP

;ourceK From 8arangay $anagement Plan of 8arangay $alitam Page 83

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. Commu-$#5 o> #+e B'!'o

The community of the 8ad&ao is near the boundary of barangay $alitam 3 and itnear the +alumpang ?i%er and up to 8atangas 8ay. The 8a&a)an in the map is part of the location of the community of the 8ad&ao and it goes up to the land of barangay @a)a.

GEOGRAPHY

A coastal city lying in a co%eli9e shape at the southeastern portion of the Pro%ince. Total >and AreaK appro*.. "000 mV or  hectares +oordinatesK '3 degrees" 1! minutes and !.G seconds north latitude and '' degrees" 3 minutes and G. seconds east longitude Page 84


So$l T5pe

TP 4F ;4(>

A6?(+I>TI?A> P4TBT(A>;

H5roo$l

salt beds and fishponds

Cl'5 Lo'm

sugar cane" bananas" %egetables" rice and corn

M$-er'l Reour"e

;alt beds originally e*isted abundantly in barangays ;ta. +lara and $alitam but rapid urbanization and the e*pansionNde%elopment of the 8atangas Port li9e)ise resulted to the end of this industry. Fore#r5

The forest resources of the area are not in commercial 5uantity e*cept for bamboo )hich is in demand for use in the construction of fish pens. There are numerous planted %egetables )hich are pri%ately o)ned and abundant banana trees. 1'#er Reour"e

Page 85


The community has a direct access to the +alumpang ?i%er and 8atangas 8ay. The community has a deep )ell source of )ater.

Go$-( #o #+e B'!'o Commu-$#5 $- B'#'-('

The 8ad&ao li%e on an islandNbar of an estuary area of 8atangas +ity. To reach their community" it ta9es about 30 minutes by ban9a ,fishing canoe/ from 8atangas +ity. There is also an access path from barangay $alitam to their community but only by foot or tricycle can be use to go to their community because there are no good roads for any cars or %ehicle to dri%e through so from $alintam. From barangay $alitam it )ill ta9e about '! to 0 minutes tra%el going to the 8ad&ao community by foot and about ! to '0 minutes riding a tricycle.

FIGURE GROUND MAP

Page 86


S1OT ANALYSIS Page 87


PHYSICAL FACTORS

STRENGTH •

Batural n%ironment

1EAKNESSES

;ensiti%ity of the

unde%eloped area •

OPPORTUNITIES

THREATS

-ast and large size •

en%ironment.

)ith green landscape Direct access to

•

biodi%ersity in •

)ater bodies" the

Trees maintains

8atangas 8ay and +alumpang ?i%er

landscape Preser%e and use the

n%ironment degradation caused

•

by o%erde%elopment ;easonal rain and

full potential of the

monsoon ma9e the

site through

ground softened add

de%elopment

to the predicament of •

progress Too open for the strong )inds caused by storm

Transportation

•

Accessible by motorcycle" tricycle

•

and boats

•

8atangas 8ay and

>arge )ater bodies

•

Ina%ailability of

•

;easons may affect

seeing and uni5ue

the operation for

cannot be reached by

ad%enture that tourist

transportation can

land transportationN

and %isitors may

only be reached )ith

%ehicles

en&oy and pro%isions

fair and good

Territorial boundaries

fishing Page 88

@orth)hile site

easy access and

and limitation for

+alumpang ?i%er

•

•

of safe trac9s Pro%ide fish for food and mar9et

•

condition ;torm could cause large )a%es and high tide and might cause


•

Presence of deep )ell

•

>ac9 of drainage

•

Pro%ision of ne)

•

flood Inhygienic

•

)ater Pro%ide some basic

•

>ac9 of ade5uate

•

drainage +onsidered not

•

en%ironment Aim for the

Itility net)or9 *isting 8uilt n%ironment

needs to the residents

maintenance and

traditional structure

de%elopment of the

and tourists

support unplanned

for the tribe

site

pro%isions and design

traditional structures

for present de%elopment

SOCIAL FACTORS

STRENGTH •

+ulture

1EAKNESSES

The presence of culture bound the

• •

+ulture is %anishing Ina)areness of

community of the

tourists and

8ad&ao

de%elopers

OPPORTUNITIES •

•

Addition indigenous

THREATS •

Traditions might limit

9no)ledge to the

the changes and

de%elopment Promote )or9 for

de%elopment of the community

them GO0ERNMENT

STRENGTH

1EAKNESSES

OPPORTUNITIES

THREATS

FACTORS •

6o%ernment Funding

$inimum budget allotment for the de%elopment of the pro&ect Page 89

•

Incertain for the assurance of the help

•

(n%estment for the

•

Appro%al for the

pro&ect may go a long

pro&ect may ta9e

)ay

some time


FACTORS AND ISSUES RELE0ANT TO THE SITE ANCESTRAL DOMAIN OF INDIGENOUS CULTURAL COMMUNITY

(ndigenous People in the Philippines can claim land o)nership by %irtue of a nati%e title" getting formal recognition of o)nership by ac5uiring a certificate of ancestral domain title ,+ADT/ or certificate of ancestral land title ,+A>T/ from the Bational +ommission on (ndigenous Peoples ,B+(P/CAncestral Domains 4ffice ,AD4/" or by securing a certificate of title by %irtue of :+ommon)ealth Act '1'" as amended" or the >and ?egistration Act 1G. +onsidering that the %ast Ancestral DomainN Ancestral >and area of (ndigenous People are rich in natural resources" biodi%ersity and minerals" en%ironmental managements is a ma&or concern. ffecti%e en%ironmental protection in the ADNA> areas can re%erse en%ironmental degradation. Protection of the remaining forest can ensure reduction of emission from deforestation and deforestation. The (ndigenous Peoples are the 9ey player in en%ironmental management in the Philippines as )ell as in the climate change adaption and mitigation program. To effecti%ely manage the ADNA>" a traditional land use plan or zone demarcation in the ADNA>" defining protected" buffer noise" production" residential" commercial" and other uses shall be put in the place. 8ased on the traditional land use plan" all de%elopment pro&ects" in%estments" li%elihood" other economic acti%ation shall be anchored )ith ,?omualdo" 0'/  REPUBLIC ACT NO *@&: THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE RIGHTS ACT OF &@

?epublic act no. #3' is an act to recognize" protect and promote the rights of indigenous cultural communitiesNindigenous peoples" creating a national commission on indigenous peoples" establishing implementing mechanisms" appropriating funds therefor" and for other purposes. Those de%elopment pro&ects identified by (++sN(ps in their AD;DPPs in agroCforestry" ecoCtourism" rene)able energy" and other natural resources management shall be assisted to ensure sustainable and producti%e use. ,>egislature" 00!/ Page 90

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. I->r'#ru"#ure '- e%elopme-# $- #+e IP "ommu-$#$e $ost of the (P communities lac9 ade5uate public facilities and utilities. To

effecti%ely deli%er the ser%ices" public facilities such as roads" bridges" public schools" health centers" cultural centers as )ell as utilities such as )ater system" telecommunication and po)er supply be constructed. This shall be properly coordinate )ith >6Is" DP@H" D4H" D4T" PH(+" DepD" +HD" T;DA" and other agencies. ,>egislature" 00!/

1'#er m'-'(eme-# >or #+e "ommu-$#5

The Bational @ater ?esources 8oard ,=B@?8=/ is the lead go%ernment agency in the Philippine )ater sector" conferred )ith policyCma9ing" regulatory and 5uasiC&udicial functions. The B@?8 is responsible for ensuring the optimum e*ploitation" utilization" de%elopment" conser%ation and protection of the countryJs )ater resource" consistent )ith the principles of (ntegrated @ater ?esource $anagement. This )ill affect any proposals for the )ater resources for the community and the B@?8 should gi%e guidelines and help for the utilization of the de%elopment of the community in terms of )ater resources. ,$.(.;.D." 0'0/

R$(+# #o Cul#ur'l I-#e(r$#5

%ery human being has the right to culture" including the right to en&oy and de%elop cultural life and identity. +ultural rights" ho)e%er" are not unlimited. The right to culture is limited at the point at )hich it infringes on another human right. Bo right can be used at the e*pense or destruction of another" in accordance )ith international la). @hen traditional culture does effecti%ely pro%ide such protection" then human rights by definition )ould be compatible" posing no threat to the traditional culture. As such" the traditional culture can absorb and apply human rights" and the go%erning ;tate should be in a better position not only to ratify" but to effecti%ely and fully implement" the international standards. The (P?A and its (?? put for)ard procedures and mechanisms for the regognition of (Ps

Page 91


right to cultural integrity. They incorporate such pro%isions as the constitutional and legal frame)or9 for the right to cultural integrity. ,AytonC;hen9er" 00!/

BEHA0IORAL ANALYSIS EN0IRONMENT 9 BEHA0IOR STUDIES Sp'"e

Re"urr$-( T5pe o> Be+'%$or

Page 92

A""ep#e So"$'l Be+'%$or

Cr$#$"'l P+5$"'l Fe'#ure

T$me Lo"u

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. Ro'

•

•

S+ore

Commu-$#5

The path has no sign of and people in that time. The people usau go to city %ery early to sell fish then comes bac9 afternoon.

•

The site is &ust beside 8atangas 8ay and their boats are &ust along side of shore. ;ome )ash near shore. They gather near shore for the catch fishes. The community of the 8ad&ao has areas )here they can gather and rela*" open spaces Page 93

Anyone can pass and )al9 in the road.

The main recei%ing of har%ested fishes.

•

Any recreational and cultural acti%ities are done in the community.

•

The road is not yet de%eloped. The road is not flat and is dirt and there is no concrete road that e*ist from barangay $alitam to the 8ad&ao community. -ast lands and %egetations can be seen along the )ay. There are boats but there are no doc9s or pier for their boats. $uddy and has a  to 3 meters height of shore. The houses are 3 meters near the shore.

&: 'm $#+e mor-$-(

There are open spaces for physical acti%ities and rest areas )here the youth and young gather to play and

&: 'm $#+e mor-$-(

&: pm $#+e '>#er-oo-

&: 'm $#+e mor-$-(

&:pm $#+e '>#er-oo-


Houe

S#ore

•

•

)ere the 9ids play and they usual do their laundry underneat their houses. Their houses are stilted almost  meters abo%e ground. The 9itchen of their houses is &ust outside of their houses and messy. There are t)o e*isting small store in the community )here the 8ad&ao can by essentials" food and snac9s.

rela*.

•

ach house consist of 1 to  family members. •

•

(ts )here they buy some essential needs.

•

A house is stilted by )ooden post and columns. They use cogon roof" rattan for )all and bamboos for the flooring and construction of their hutsNhouses. 4neCstorey structure made of )ood and use as a store.

A"#$%$#5 Flo2 D$'(r'm BAD;AO Page 94

0ISITORS

):pm $#+e '>#er-oo-

&: 'm $#+e mor-$-(

&:pm $#+e '>#er-oo-

&:pm $#+e '>#er-oo-


A"#$%$#$e

Actiities of the

+"%'"#)

A"#$%$#$e o> 'rr$%$-(

%E!!"#) O+ CATC' A#& C$A+T"#)

T$A&"T"O# A!

$E%T A#& EAT

%("MM"#)

(ATC'""#) T'E BA& AO

Page 95


INTERRELATIONSHIP ANALYSIS AND MATRI

A+T(-(T

;PA+

I;?

BATI? 4F ;PA+

>i%ing

HutsNHouses

8ad&ao

Pri%ate

+irculation

+ommunity

8ad&ao

;emiCpublic

Fishing

8atangas 8ay

8ad&ao

Public

COMMUNITY

Page 96

HUTS6HOUSES

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. DESIGN PROPOSAL

The study aims to help the 8ad&ao and other (ndigenous People li%e their li%es and to protect and preser%e their culture and traditions that ma9es of their identities. Pro%iding guidelines and principles on ho) they can sustain their li%ing" be able to de%elop their s9ills and )ill gi%e help to their community. The 8ad&ao tribe needs a place that they can call their o)n" a place )here they can li%e their li%es )ithout discrimination" a place )here they can learn and be educated" a place )here they can learn ne) li%elihood techni5ue and a place )here they can use their their distinct s9ills s9ills as 8ad&aos. • • • •

6reen and sustainable strategies )ill be apply on the design of the area Appropriate Appropriate climate responsi%e strategies )ill incorporate incorporate to the study and design of the area -ernacular architecture )ill be apply Traditions and culture of the 8ad&ao )ill be basis for the concepts and designs of structures

GUIDELINES AND PRINCIPLES ON HO1 THEY CAN SUSTAIN THEIR LI0ING DESIGN GUIDELINES OPEN AREA • •

+ommon areas should be accessible from all buildings and connected by a complete circulation system. Public open space recreational areas and courtyards should be located and landscaped to ta9e ad%antage of solar orientation" pro%ide protection protection from pre%ailing )ind" )ind" and to afford afford summer summer shade and )inter )inter sunshine. sunshine.

SITE

Page 97


A site plan should pro%ide for the interrelationship of all elements on the site and the coordination of these elements )ith e*isting de%elopments or natural features found on ad&acent sites. The design process should include consideration of the impact on the community" the surrounding neighborhood" en%ironment and ad&acent properties. STRUCTURES

All structures in the community )ill be oneCstorey building e*cept for the housing structure that re5uired ha%ing a higher dimension because of using stilts. All floor plans )ill only be in rectangular shapes and the dimensions )ill %ary from its uses. 8amboo" cogon and rattan are the materials to be used for the construction of the houses to gi%e consideration to the traditional house and culture of the 8ad&ao.

REFERENCES: Page 98


AytonC;hen9er" D. ,00!/. The !hallenge of /uman Rights and !ultural i+ersity. Inited BationsK Inited Bations Department of Public (nformation. >egislature" ?. A. ,4ctober G" 00!/. Republic ct 4o. 5678. ?etrie%ed February '1" 0'! from go%K httpKNN))).go%.phN'GGN'0NGNrepublicCactCnoC#3'N $.(.;.D." D. ,0'0/. 'anaging the !ountry%s )ater Resource for Present . ?etrie%ed February '1" 0'! from denrK httpKNNn)rb.denr.go%.phNinde*.phpNaboutn)rb.html ?omualdo" A. ,;eptember !" 0'/. Protecting #Ps9 Rights to ncestral omains and 3ands. ?etrie%ed February '1" 0'! from upK httpKNN))).up.edu.phNprotectingCipsCrightsCtoCancestralCdomainsCandClandsN

CHAPTER I0: PROGRAMMING Page 99


INTRODUCTION From the pre%ious chapter that )as presented" the researcher can no) determine ho) the pro&ect )ill )or9 according to the users need of space and ho) the space )ill pro%ide the needs for the user. From this chapter is co%ers the acti%ities happening in community of the 8ad&ao )hich is the primarily concern of the proposal. This )ill also help determine the important spaces needed as the basis for the pro&ect proposal.it is %ery important to be familiar )ith all the spaces" facilities and related acti%ities occurring in the area of the study. The analysis of function" form" economy and time )ill be sho)n in this chapter )hich )ill come up in a conceptual idea suitable in proposal.

BEHA0IORAL ANALYSIS Page 100


EN0IRONMENT 9 BEHA0IOR STUDIES

Page 101

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. Sp'"e Ro'

Re"urr$-( T5pe o> Be+'%$or •

•

S+ore

Commu-$#5

The path has no sign of and people in that time. The people usau go to city %ery early to sell fish then comes bac9 afternoon.

A""ep#e So"$'l Be+'%$or •

The site is &ust beside 8atangas 8ay and their boats are &ust along side of shore. ;ome )ash near shore. They gather near shore for the catch fishes. The community of the 8ad&ao has areas )here they Page 102

Cr$#$"'l P+5$"'l Fe'#ure

T$me Lo"u

The road is not yet de%eloped. The road is not flat and is dirt and there is no concrete road that e*ist from barangay $alitam to the 8ad&ao community. -ast lands and %egetations can be seen along the )ay. There are boats but there are no doc9s or pier for their boats. $uddy and has a  to 3 meters height of shore. The houses are 3 meters near the shore.

&: 'm $#+e mor-$-(

There are open spaces for physical acti%ities and rest areas )here

&: 'm $#+e mor-$-(

Anyone can pass and )al9 in the road.

The main recei%ing of har%ested fishes.

•

Any recreational and cultural acti%ities are done

•

&: pm $#+e '>#er-oo-

&: 'm $#+e mor-$-(

&:pm $#+e '>#er-oo-


Houe

S#ore

•

•

can gather and rela*" open spaces )ere the 9ids play and they usual do their laundry underneat their houses. Their houses are stilted almost  meters abo%e ground. The 9itchen of their houses is &ust outside of their houses and messy. There are t)o e*isting small store in the community )here the 8ad&ao can by essentials" food and snac9s.

Page 103

in the community.

•

the youth and young gather to play and rela*.

ach house consist of 1 to  family members. •

•

(ts )here they buy some essential needs.

•

A house is stilted by )ooden post and columns. They use cogon roof" rattan for )all and bamboos for the flooring and construction of their hutsNhouses. 4neCstorey structure made of )ood and use as a store.

):pm $#+e '>#er-oo-

&: 'm $#+e mor-$-(

&:pm $#+e '>#er-oo-

&:pm $#+e '>#er-oo-

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. A"#$%$#5 Flo2 D$'(r'm BAD;AO

0ISITORS

A"#$%$#$e

Actiities of the

+"%'"#)

A"#$%$#$e o> 'rr$%$-(

%E!!"#) O+ CATC' A#& C$A+T"#)

T$A&"T"O# A!

$E%T A#& EAT

%("MM"#)

(ATC'""#) T'E BA& AO

Page 104


INTERRELATIONSHIP ANALYSIS AND MATRI

A+T(-(T

;PA+

I;?

BATI? 4F ;PA+

>i%ing

HutsNHouses

8ad&ao

Pri%ate

+irculation

+ommunity

8ad&ao

;emiCpublic

Fishing

8atangas 8ay

8ad&ao

Public

COMMUNITY

Page 105

HUTS6HOUSES

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. HUT6HOUSES OF THE BAD;AO

ENTRANCE

ENTRANCE

LI0ING AND SLEEPING

KITCHEN

LI0ING AND SLEEPING

KITCHEN

These schemes sho) the spaces tha traditional houses of the b8ad&ao and its spaces and circulation. The sleeping and li%ing area of the houses of the 8ad&ao shares the same space.their 9itchen is located at the rear of their houses and there is absence of toilet and bath.

Page 106

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. UALITATI0E ANALYSIS I->orm'#$o- I-e7 9 FUNCTION FUNCTION

GOALS

FACTS

M$$o-

P4P>

A+T(-(T(;

?>AT(4B;H(P;

S#'#$#$"'l D'#'

To rede%elop the 8ad&ao community 8atangas in a cultural and holistic designed to sustain the needs of the tribe for proper )aste management" en%ironmental degradation" cultural and identity preser%ation" pro%ide means of economy and li%elihood" and proper housing and planning de%elopment. M'7$mum Number

%ery facility to be made shall ser%e the population of the

•

•

•

•

The community doesnt ha%e unity in location and planning of the houses and facilities. There are no )aste disposals of any in the community. The community doesnt ha%e proper roads and means of access. The community has an e*pected population of '"!0 and more by the year 0!.

Are' P'r'me#er

The site is enough Page 107

NEEDS Sp'"e ReJu$reme-#

•

The spaces should %aried acti%ities that are pro%ided to promote the economic gro)th of the people inside the community and its en%ironment. Ha%e green 5uality" en%ironmental and user responsi%eness. Public open space" recreational areas and courtyards should be located and landscaped to

CONCEPTS

PROBLEMS

;ustaining the culture" Facilities should be lin9ed to tradition and life of the economic and 8ad&ao tribe social that are current en%ironmental li%ing the concerns to produce income to coastal area of 8atangas +ity the community. by de%eloping a Ser%$-( Group$-( community that )ill gi%e their Proper zoning needs of home of facilities and li%elihood. according to their uses and degree of utilization shall be applied. Pr$or$#5

A"#$%$#5 Group$-(

Acti%ities shall


8ad&aos in the community and the tourist or %isitors. I-$%$u'l Ie-#$#5

The housing and planning de%elopment in the community shall be responsi%e to the gro)ing needs of the ser%ing population" the users" the en%ironment and economic acti%ities of the 8ad&ao. I-#er'"#$o-6Pr$%'"5

There shall be a limited interaction of the outsiders or tourists from the house and property of the 8ad&ao. There should be designated area for the interaction of

to accommodate the needs for of the proposals. M'-po2er6 1or=lo' The )or9 force for the rede%elopment of the communityand construction of facilities and road shall comprise of 10 7 0 persons and can be done by the 8ad&ao men in the community. A""e$b$l$#5 A-'l5$

•

ta9e ad%antage of solar orientation" pro%ide protection from pre%ailing )ind" and to afford summer shade and )inter sunshine. +ommon areas should be accessible from all buildings and connected by a complete circulation system.

There are no P'r=$-( Sp'"e e*isting roads for ReJu$reme-# %ehicle to go to the Allocation for community. par9ing shall be The e*isting path dependent on the is &ust right for number of ser%ice single motors or %ehicles needed to tricycle to pass or ensure a smooth flo) dri%e through. of garbage collector The community

Page 108

be grouped necessarily and zoned properly according to their nature of )or9. Se"ur$#5 Co-#rol The community should ha%e area or facility to control the %isitors from in%ading the pri%acy of the tribe. Sep'r'#e Flo2

A degree of separation of the flo) of resources" %ehicles" users and the %isitors to the tribe must be pro%ided. M$7e Flo2

$i*ed flo) of people in the community must be pro%ided to


outsiders or tourist to the tribe.

has a direct access to the ocean.

H$er'r"+5 o> 0'lue

Sp'"e AeJu'"5

?ede%elop the community of the 8ad&ao that can pro%ide and sustain the gro)ing needs and population for a better and healthy community.

*isting space has enough to accommodate the ne) facilities and housing the 8ad&ao people.

Pro(re$o-

The community should be pro%ided )ith proper planning of road and circulation for the acti%ities concerning the culturaland traditional practices and their fishing.

E>>$"$e-"5

Pro%ide a high Page 109

in the community" par9ing for %isitors and staff. These par9ing spaces shall be located strategically based on their ser%ing area.

Por#6P$er Sp'"e ReJu$reme-#

The port should ha%e area for the catch fishes and proper doc9ing for their boats that )ill protect from the harm of )eather.

encourage the %isitors to offer interactions to the tribe )hile they are inside the community.


degree of efficiency to all housing and facilities to enable effecti%e flo) of people and acti%ities.

I->orm'#$o- I-e7 9 FORM FORM

GOALS S$#e Eleme-#

The natural elements shall be considered from e%ery design and de%elopment and must be preser%ed to a%oid B-(?4B$BT degradation. ;(T

E>>$"$e-# L'- Ue

(ntegrate proper organization of

FACTS S$#e A-'l5$

NEEDS u'l$#5

As the The site is part of population of the the property of the 8ad&ao in the department of community gro)s" Batural ?esources the needs of housing )here the 8ad&ao increases thus )ith mo%ed and li%ed financial attainment for more than 30 it )ill be possible years no). and it )ill be the There are still %ast prior consideration. and large land areas Page 110

CONCEPTS

De%eloping a community (mpro%e and possesses the ma*imize the physical potentials of the site and its characteristic of the traditional e*isting architecture of features. the 8ad&ao tribe Pro%ide more including the pleasing character to the facilities that )ill be done in de%eloping the site. (t community

E-+'-"eme-# •

•

PROBLEMS


QIA>(T

spacesNfacilities and en%ironmentCfriendly practices in the side de%elopment so as to ma*imize the efficiency of the site at present and in the future. Ne$(+bor

ncourage the community and near to)n to get in%ol%e that )ill help the producti%ity and li%elihood of the 8ad&ao. D$re"#$o-

The buildings in the facility shall be planned )ith utmost considerations to accessibility and circulation. The houses and facilities shall be designed to harness daylight and natural

)here the 8ad&ao can and allo)ed to build houses for their community. The end of the community is 3.00 meters from the shore. There is no e*isting concrete road but there is a path )al9able and accessible for single motors and tricycle only. Cl$m'#e A-'l5$

The site is %ery close to the ocean that ma9es it %ery %ulnerable to rainstorm and ocean )inds. Coe Sur%e5

?epublic Act Bo. #3' is needed for the rights of the 8ad&ao in

Page 111

E-%$ro-me-#'l '- S$#e I->lue-"e oCo#

>and )as already ac5uired and is o)ned by the local go%ernment. >o) cost on materials and resources since they traditionally uses %ernacular design as tradition to their culture. The 5uality of the design shall be affected by the follo)ing e*isting site elementsK C *isting houses of the 8ad&ao in the community. C Poor access" road net)or9

and promote acti%e community participation. Cl$m'#e Co-#rol

should encourage people in the %icinity to promote its %alue.

The climate )ithin the site +irculation shall be controlled net)or9s should by the use of be pro%ided to natural site ensure elements such as efficiency and plants and trees to effecti%eness of protect from operations. strong )inds and de%elop natural landscape and allo) passi%e cooling in the site. Placing of the buildings shall also be congruent to this concept of climate control to ensure energy efficiency. S'>e#5


%entilation for the building to be energyC efficient. E-#r5

Access to the site shall be pro%ided and made safe and effecti%e for both %ehicles and pedestrians. The access point must possess a )elcoming character so that it can encourage %isitors and tourist to the community. Preer%$-( Ie-#$#5

the domains they li%e on. >ocal ordinance must also be considered so the site can be de%elop and facilities to be pursued. Surrou-$-(

The site is a)ay from residential areas and surrounded )ith %ast lands and pri%ate plantations. Therefore" )ith proper rights" budget and zoning de%eloping more houses and facilities is not a problem to the community.

The houses and facility should promote the distinguished identity of the 8ad&ao tribe )ith the original %ernacular design of their houses and P5"+olo($"'l promote its traditional Impl$"'#$o- man made products to The fact that the the tourist or %isitors of people in the the community. Page 112

and circulation in the site.

Proper zoning and territoriality to the 8ad&ao )ill gi%e safety to the community of the 8ad&ao. The boundaries of the %isitor to the pri%acy of the 8ad&ao )ill be consider for the safety of the tribe. De-$#5 •

•

The site shall be planned in a )ay that is fle*ible to accommodate the present and future needs of the population of the 8ad&ao tribe. Facilities that )ill be designed and


community only 9no) Le%el o> u'l$#5 fishing as the )ay of The site should li%ing should de%elop it possess a 5uality 5uality that is for it to be more not to distinct to the effecti%e. Another idea character of its is that implication of immediate learning centers could en%ironment. (t should de%elop s9ills that the ha%e an in%iting 8a&ao has li9e character to encourage producing producing products and and acti%e participation of poultry for for addition to the people )ithin the economic income. %icinity. Another is that they should be implicated on proper )aste disposing )ith proper garbage disposal facilities and proper toilet for the people and their community.

proposed shall accommodate the needed numbers of users based on the building codes. A""e$b$l$#5

The facilities in the site should be accessible to ser%e the people in the community. There should be proper for the %isitor to the community.

I->orm'#$o- I-e7 9 ECONOMY ECONOMY

GOALS

FACTS Co# P'r'me#er Page 113

NEEDS

CONCEPTS

PROBLEMS


nough Pro&ects funded under The budget shall budgets shall the Priority De%elopment The budget shall be restricted to the be allocated in The cost of the Assistance Funds ,PDAF/ e5uipments needed be highly allocated allocated pro%ision of of an order to shall be implemented by to the physical effecti%e community secure an to support the Bational 6o%ernment 6o%ernment facilities and the de%elopment. efficient and effecti%eness effecti%eness of the Agencies ,B6As/ >ocal e5uipment needed to *penses that are effecti%e facility to support 6o%ernment Inits run an efficient and irrele%ant to the community the gro)ing ,>6Is/ or 6o%ernmentC population as proposals and and )hich de%elopment as )ell as effecti%e 4)ned andNor +ontrolled +ommunity for the might ha%e e%ol%ed for the 8ad&ao the de%elopment of +orporations ,64++s/" as the facility itself is a 8ad&ao tribe. as time passes is not tribe. the case may be. co%ered by this ma&or consideration consideration Oper'#$-( Co# budget. The use of of the >6I. E7#e-# o> Fu- 8uying of alternati%e Ho)e%er" The >6I $a*imize the use of sees this facility as a e5uipment re5uires a E>>e"#$%e Allo"'#$o- energy and funds in the construction %ery high financial $a*imization of natural potential for of housing and facilities in en%ironmental and budget and and it is )hy the budget to meet building the community. the cost for the high 5uality and techni5ues economic operations cut do)n en%ironmentally shall be enhancement" Co# E>>e"#$%e-e to le%el that shall be sustainable facilities helpful in ecotourism and The budget shall be con%enient for the )hile creating the minimizing community allocated for the continuous operation desired 5uality of the operation participation and de%elopment of the of the facility o%er a the community. cost. public a)areness a)areness facilities that are source of regarding ecological re5uired period of Mer"+'-$$-( li%elihood for the 8ad&ao time. solid )aste and to support the housing management thereby The 5uality of de%elopment and needs of counteracting the place shall be counteracting the L$>e.C5"le Co# the community. manifested at the Fu-

(B(T(A> 8ID6T

4P?AT(B6 +4;T

>(FC++> +4;T

Co#.E#$m'#e A-'l5$

Page 114

Co# Co-#rol


M'7$mum Re#ur-

?eturn shall be dependent on the products that may be produced from the facilities. These products are are the traditional traditional crafts and accessories of the 8ad&ao that )ill be made in the proposed li%elihood center center that )ould be sold on the sou%enir shop.

concern for cost and focusing on its positi%e outputs. outputs.

M$-$m$/e Oper'#$oCo#

(ntegrate design approaches in the structures )hich can mitigate the cost of the construction. M'$-#e-'-"e '- Oper'#$-( Co#

+onsider the cost of maintenance and operations in the de%elopment of the Page 115

The facility must be continuously continuously and effecti%ely )or9ing throughout its lifetime.

end of the pro&ect and the money that can be produce by the 8ad&ao can be sold in the tourists and promote the 8ad&ao tribe in 8atangas. E-er(5 Co-er%'#$o-

Pro%ision of ecological energy can be integrated in the design of the houses and Facilities. Batural strategies such as passi%e cooling cooling techni5ues and harnessing of natural light and %entilation can be used. These system can be considered in the budget as they proposed a more more sustainable and


facility.

green )ay of li%ing.

I->orm'#$o- I-e7 9 TIME TIME

GOALS D5-'m$"

PA;T

P?;BT

FITI?

FACTS S$(-$>$"'-"e

Pro%ide a community that shall be sustainable for the gro)ing population of the 8ad&ao of the community.

NEEDS P+'$-(

CONCEPTS A'p#'b$l$#5

The de%elopment The pro&ect The pro&ect shall of the community shall be fle*ible help the needs of the shall be di%ided into and organic in 8ad&ao tribe for phases but shall start order to adapt to permanent settlement from the most changes that might and li%elihood. important e%ol%e as the Throught holistic considerations in phasing of the approach" it shall be Gro2#+ pro%iding an pro&ect goes. helpful not only in Future e*pansion effecti%e and protecting the E7p'-$b$l$#5 should be considered in economic en%ironment but also the de%elopment so as community. +onsideration gi%ing a chance for to cope )ith the for future economic gro)th and E"'l'#$o- gro)ing population" e*pansions to socioCcultural acti%ities needs and demands of scalation in accommodate )ithin the %icinity. the 8ad&ao tribe of the cost shall be future gro)th. community. considered during Sp'"e P'r'me#er the phasing of the The spaces )ithin pro&ect for the the site should be made possible increase of fle*ible in order to Page 116

PROBLEMS

?ede%elop the e*isting community of the 8ad&ao )ith the utmost fle*ibility in order to accommodate the present and future acti%ities and needs of the 8ad&ao tribe in 8atangas city.


accommodate future de%elopments.

re5uirements o%er time.

UANTITATI0E ANALYSIS TRAINING CENTER SCHEDULE OF ACCOMODATION

ENTRY6LOBBY STAFF OFFICE EHIBITION HALL STORAGE 1ORKING AREA TOILET LOCKER

NO OF USERS

& * ) 8 )< ) <

AREA

NET

NO OF

PER PERSON

AREA PER UNIT ?< )< )8 8 * & 8@<

UNITS

?< < &) &) &) < <

& & & & & & &

GROSSIN G

GROSSIN G

FACTOR 34 ) 8 ) * ) )< *

AREA &* &&8 8 &88 ? 8@< &8)<

TOTAL CONSTRUCTION

GROSS AREA

COST PER SUARE METER

&) *)8 &&<) ?)& & )< ?@@

*, *, *, *, *, *, *,

P+p)<,*< P+p,@< P+p*8<,? P+p),@?* P+p<8, P+p),@ P+p),*&

GROSS

TOTAL

AREA PER UNIT 8< *)8 &&<) ?)& & )< ?@@

COST

TOTAL

?8,8@P+p

PROPOSED HOUSE SCHEDULE OF ACCOMODATION

CAPACITY

AREA

NET

NO OF

PER PERSON

AREA PER UNIT

UNITS

Page 117

GROSSIN G

GROSSIN G

FACTOR 34

AREA

GROSS

TOTAL

AREA PER UNIT

GROSS AREA

COST PER SUARE METER

CONSTRUCTION COST

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. LI0ING AREA SLEEPING AREA KITCHEN

@ @ )

?< &) )<

8<< 8 <

& & &

< < 8

)) 8) )

&*@ *<) &

&*@ *<) &

), ), ),

P+p),@8 P+p@,
TOTAL

P+p&&&,*

COMMUNAL TOILET SCHEDULE OF ACCOMODATION

TOILET

CAPACITY

&

AREA

NET

NO OF

PER PERSON

AREA PER UNIT )
UNITS

)
&

GROSSIN G

GROSSIN G

FACTOR 34 <

AREA &)

GROSS

TOTAL

TOTAL

CONSTRUCTION

AREA PER UNIT *)

GROSS AREA

NET AREA

COST

*)

*,

P+p,8

TOTAL

P+p,8

PUBLIC TOILET AND BATH 3MALE4 SCHEDULE OF ACCOMODATION

SHO1ER TOILET URINAL

CAPACITY

& & &

AREA

NET

NO OF

PER PERSON

AREA PER UNIT )
UNITS

)
& @ @

GROSSIN G

GROSSIN G

FACTOR 34 < < <

AREA &) &) ?

GROSS

TOTAL

TOTAL

CONSTRUCTION

AREA PER UNIT *) *) @)

GROSS AREA

NET AREA

COST

*)@@ ))8 <8

*, *, *,

P+p,*8 P+p?@,) P+p&<,&)

TOTAL

P+p&,?)8

PORT6PIER SCHEDULE OF ACCOMODATION

CAPACITY

AREA

NET

NO OF

PER

AREA

UNITS

Page 118

GROSSIN G

GROSSIN G

GROSS

TOTAL

TOTAL

CONSTRUCTION

AREA

GROSS

NET

COST

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. PERSON BOAT DOCKS DROPPING AREA

& &

* )
PER UNIT * )
& &

FACTOR 34 ) <

AREA ? &*

PER UNIT & ***

AREA

AREA

&, ***

*, *,

TOTAL

SUMMARY COST.ESTIMATE ANALYSIS PROPOSED BUILDING

TOTAL BUILDING COST

' C T?A(B(B6 +BT? 00 +I8(+>; F4? +4$$IBA> T4(>T PI8>(+ T4(>T P4?TNP(? 00 C H4I; PI8>(+ $A?LT TOTAL

Page 119

PhpG"11"10 Php'"G#"000 Php'#0"1 Php!"1'0"000 Php"'"00 Php"000"000 PHP8&,8?8,?8

P+p<,8, P+p&,

P+p<,8&,


CHAPTER 0: SYNTHESIS INTRODUCTION From the entire pre%ious chapters" the researcher )ill no) ha%e clear %ision about the proposal after analyzing all the data and gathered information. (t presents the summation of )hat has been gathered and understood during the pre%ious discussion of the 8ad&aos culture" needs and opportunity to de%elop as one community. The concluding concept and philosophy in this chapter )ould someho) be applied to ans)er the main problem of the study and )ould establish the goals and ob&ecti%es of the study )hich is to de%elop a tribal community that )ill sustain their identity and community by architectural planning and design.

DESIGN PHILOSOPHY :Architecture is essentially Human it is th Human spirit manifesting itself. For )hen a $an builds" there" you%e got him you 9no) e*actly )hat" )ho and ho) that $an is.< C

Fran9 >loyd @right

DESIGN CONCEPTS The proposed design of the houses and facility to the community )ill be the -ernacular architecture that )ill ser%e the identity of the 8ad&ao tribe and brings up their traditional community and common tribal houses.

Page 120


DESIGN GOALS To design and plan the de%elopment of the 8ad&ao community that is based on their culture" customs and traditions that )ill nourish and sustain their tribes identity. ach design )ill cater to balance the physical and spiritual elements of the users )ithin the en%ironment. This community )ill ser%e as )orthy of preser%ation. This )ill ha%e a primarily ob&ecti%e of pro%iding permanent li%elihood or economic status for their community that )ill help to pro%ide the needs of the 8ad&ao and de%elop their community.

DESIGN OB;ECTI0ES

To design a tribal community that )ill pro%ide e%ery facilities by de%eloping the community of the 8ad&ao community into a sustainable community that ma*imize the use of space and apply their identity in e%ery facility. • • • •

To build a community that )ill supports the acti%ities of the users. To establish an en%ironment that allo)s the indigenous people to impro%e themsel%es and their community. To promote social interaction bet)een users" the people near their community and other people that )ould %isit their community. To apply common indigenous materials )ith added modern material to impro%e the community design" but still )ith distinct features of a common tribal house and deign.

DESIGN PARAMETERS Cul#ur'l F'"#or . Preser%ing the identity of the 8ad&ao tribe by promoting the cultural and traditional house design in their community. Commu-$#5 Pro(re . +onsidering the people to response in the economic de%elopment in the community. Ope- Sp'"e . Pro%ide open spaces or field that )ill use for their leisure time or recreational acti%ities and for social interaction of the

people in the community. Page 121

Engaging Architecture for the Badjao Tribe in Batangas City Maglonzo, Mark Anthony M. M'#er$'l . Ising nati%e and abundant and traditional materials for the construction of the houses and facilities in the community. S'-$#'#$o- 7 +onsidering the health of the users to continue the aspect of personal hygiene of the indi%idual. N'#ur'l 0e-#$l'#$o- 7 Allo) natural %entilation )hich pro%ides a cooling and natural light and direct air inside their room.

Cul#ur'l F'"#or • • • •

6reen and sustainable strategies )ill be apply on the design of the area Appropriate climate responsi%e strategies )ill incorporate to the study and design of the area -ernacular architecture )ill be apply Traditions and culture of the 8ad&ao )ill be basis for the concepts and designs of structures

DESIGN GUIDELINES OPEN AREA • •

+ommon areas should be accessible from all buildings and connected by a complete circulation system. Public open space recreational areas and courtyards should be located and landscaped to ta9e ad%antage of solar orientation" pro%ide protection from pre%ailing )ind" and to afford summer shade and )inter sunshine.

SITE

Page 122

RM BADJAO

Recommend Documents