DB02 statistics blank Category: Databases | No Comments More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email
To make this DB02 transaction displayed correctly, implement SAP Notes 868063 – Database space statistics monitor for Oracle. Here’s the steps : 1. Run report RSORACUP. 2. Fill input parameter : CON_NAME : DEFAULT (for local system), or one of database connection as in F4 help 3. Execute 2013-1 18 SAP SPOOL Process Category: SAP BASIS | No Comments
More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email what is spool overflow ? How to troubleshoot spool overflow issue ? ——————————————————————————————– What is spool overflow ? : Spool request that got generated are stored in a temporary sequential file called Temse. Please note that these are stored in Temse because these are not stored permanently. The size of the Temse is limited by the parameter definition. The default size of Temse is 32,000 and it can be increased till 2 billion. However, defining very high value can effect the database performance. Due to limited storage capacity of Temse, when this file got full, this throws an SAP spool overflow error. If this happens, customers could not print from SAP. If you check in SM21 and ST22 transactions, you may encounter some error log or dumps like
ERROR IN SPOOL call : SPOOL OVERFLOW
SPOOL_INTERNAL_ERROR
System internal error in the spool system
How to troubleshoot spool overflow ? To resolve this spool issue, some of the old spools can be deleted from the sap system. Goto transaction SPAD. From the initial screen, navigate to Administration -> Clean_up_spool. Once you click this, Spool Administration : Delete old spool requests screen will be displayed. In that screen, you will be prompted to choose requests for deletion like
Old spool requests older than the maximum set age
Requests already printed
All spool requests
and enter value for minimum age (in days) text box.
Select the check boxes as per the requirement (eg: delete all requests already printed and minimum age in days equal to 30 days) and execute to delete old spool requests, which will clear Temse and will resolve spool over flow issue.
Apart from this there are others ways of resolving spool overflow issue. They are 1) Run the report RSPO0041 from SE38 transaction to delete old spool requests
2) Run the report RSPO0043 from SE38 transaction, which checks the Temse/spool consistency and reorganizes the spool
How to avoid spool overflow issue ?
These reports RSPO0041 and RSPO0043 should be scheduled as background jobs with proper variants on a periodic basis which avoids spool overflow issue.
You can try to increase the spool numbers from default 32000 to a bit higher value but please note donot set this too high as it may impact database performance
Proactive monitoring check can be made in RZ20 transaction to see how much is the fill level of spool numbers. How to check spool numbers ?
To check spool numbers : Goto RZ20 transaction, navigate to SAP CCMS Monitor Templates -> Spool System.
Here you can check the status of spool servers and the used numbers percentage of spool numbers. If you find that used numbers is greater than 80%, you can manually run above mentioned reports or delete old spool requests from SPAD tcode as mentioned earlier. How to set the spool number in SAP ? Using Transaction SNRO (Number range object maintenance) and object SPO_NUM, you can set the spool number in an SAP system.
Once you provide object as SPO_NUM, click on change icon. It displays another screen. In that screen, click on Number Ranges push button. It displays another screen “Number range for spooler numbers”. Click on change icon here and set the value of spooler(from number and to number). Please note that a change request may be generated here based on the client settings(if automatic recording of changes is set in SCC4 transaction of the client) How to define storage location (Temse) of spool requests ? Every Temse object contains a header in TST01 table and the actual object. This can be either stored in table TST03 or in file system. You can set a parameter rspo/store_location in RZ10 to define whether to store Temse objects TST03 table or in filesystem.
If value G is set to this parameter, it will be stored in filesystem and if it is db it is stored in TST03 table.
2012-12 16 Prioritizing Class A Jobs Category: SAP BASIS | No Comments More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email
Use: You can reserve any number of background processing work processes to be kept free for highpriority, or class A, jobs. Reserving work processes for class A jobs does not reserve any particular work process in a server for class A jobs, but rather makes sure a certain number of work processes is free at all times. To set the number of class A background work processes, you’ll need to set the work process distribution and assign each work process to an operation mode. For more information, see Prioritization Strategies for Class A Jobs. Procedure:
To set the number of work processes to keep free for high-priority jobs in the definition of an instance (SAP application server): 1. Call Transaction RZ04 or choose CCMS ® Configuration ® Operation Modes / Instances.
To review the current configuration of SAP instances and operation modes and begin defining up background processing servers, choose Instances/operation modes.
If the server you want to set up as a background processing server doesn’t appear in this list, create a new instance. Choose Instance ® Create new instance. Complete the instance definition in this Maintain Instance Data window, then save.
Once the server you want to set up as a background processing server appears in this list, select the mode for that server then select Choose.
In the Maintain Work Process Distribution screen, set the number of work process by selecting the current number and increasing or decreasing it with the “-” or “+” buttons.
Save here, return to the previous screen, and save again. These changes will take effect when the operation mode is next activated.
Numbers of Class A background work processes: 0 The default number. Use this value if you do not
have mission- or system-critical class A jobs that must always start immediately when they become eligible to start. In this case, jobs are simply run according to their priority, or “class”. Work processes are not kept free for class A jobs. 1 or more Use this value to guarantee that mission- or system-critical jobs start immediately once they become eligible to start. One background processing work process will always be kept free for class A jobs, ensuring no class A job has to wait for a free background work process. To keep background work processes available for jobs that aren’t class A, be sure that the number of class A work processes is less than the total number of background work processes in an application server. Otherwise, only class A jobs will be eligible to run on that server. To reserve an entire application server exclusively for class A jobs, set the number of class A work processes to the total number of background work processes. For example, if an SAP server offers 4 background work processes and the class A reservation for the server is set to 4, only class A jobs can start at that server. The class A setting is in effect whenever the operation mode(s) in which it is defined are active. 2012-12 8 SAP Java monitoring Check list Category: SAP Portal | No Comments More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email SAP Java monitoring Check list This article answers the following queries :
Ø How to perform daily monitoring of Java stack in SAP ?
Ø What are the daily checks for Java applications of SAP ?
Ø How to access management console in SAP ?
Ø How to perform session monitoring in JAVA stack of SAP ?
Ø How to view various java reports in JAVA stack of SAP?
Ø What are the various java reports available in Java stack of SAP and what is their significance?
Ø How to view log and traces in java stack of SAP?
Ø Where to view default trace in java stack of SAP?
Ø What is the use of management console in SAP ?
———————————————————————————————–
JAVA Monitoring
Contents :
1. Checking the java stack/portal accessibility
2. Actioning, in case portal not accessible
3. User load analysis
4. Java Reports – Navigation and usability
5. Memory consumption and Threads report
6. Session Monitoring
7. Logs and Traces (Default trace, Server0 log etc)
8. Accessing Management Console
9. Checking System availability using Management Console(SDM, Msg server, Enqueue server, Java nodes etc)
10. Check various logs(work directory logs, jcontrol, default trace, application log etc)
Java Monitoring :
Place the link of the respective java application in the browser and check whether the java application is opening: For example:
http://baakaprd.company.com:50000/irj/portal
If java is up and running, a screen similar to below will open.
If the page did not open, i) Check whether there are network issues ii) Check tablespaces occupancy levels at Oslevel and make sure sufficient space is there and if any tablespace is 100% full, action the same iii) Check the default trace for any critical errors iv) Check application log to determine any memory related issues v) Check server node status at oslevel or through management console and action and bring up the java again. To estimate the user load and to check the number of users logged onto the java portal : Navigate to User Administration -> Activity Reports
i) Check “Number of users in the last 3 hours” report
ii) To figure out most active users, Check the 10Most active users report
Java Reports :
Java Memory Consumption Report and Threads Reports : These reports includes a chart of the memory usage of a cluster node and a chart related to the system and application thread pool. To check this report login to nwa of the respective java stack :
Then navigate to Monitoring -> Java System Reports :
Here following reports can be taken by selecting the respective report from the drop down provided: · Capacity Planning : This report includes a chart representing the requests sent to J2EE Engine, a chart for the number of http and security sessions, and a chart of the communication between J2EE nodes
· Resource Consumption : This report includes a chart of the memory usage of a cluster node, and a chart related to the system and application thread pool
· Error Statistics: This report includes a chart representing a collection of counters useful for investigating problems. There are also charts that give an overview of timeouts and the size of log files
· Application Activities : This report includes a chart that represents the history of the activities of deployed applications
· Slowest requests in detail · Slowest requests · Slowest components · User activities · Current activities · Monitor Browser
However from monitoring perspective, resource consumption report is most important to analyse the memory consumption. Select resource consumption from the dropdown to view the memory statistics as below:
Click on Go to Detailed Chart link of the respective report to view detailed chart as below
Click Hint on charts link to analyse the report better.
Select the respective Instance, Cluster node and Time period from the provided dropdown boxes to view the reports belonging to the same
Table view for Threads report:
There are 2 types of views: Chart view and Table view. You can change the view by selecting the respective radio button.
Please find below table view for Memory Consumption report
Session Monitoring: To monitor sessions, navigate to Monitoring -> Session Monitoring
To check “Logs and Traces”, navigate to System Management -> Monitoring -> Logs and Traces From the drop down box, different logs can be checked
Process list – List of processes that are currently running can be viewed here and any long running process can be identified and actioned accordingly.
Using Management Console for monitoring Java System : To open management console for SAP systems based on Unix operating system, add 13 for the port of the portal as mentioned below http://faqsa6.comapn.com:50013
A screen similar to below screen will appear :
You can drill down further on SID of the system to view database,Central and SCS instance details as below :
Please note that Management Console can be accessed even when java is down for a sap system.
You can check database status as below :
You can check the javanode status as below: Status should be running here if java is up
Process list – List of processes that are currently running can be viewed here and any long running process can be identified and actioned accordingly.
SDM, Dispatcher, Server0 and server1 node status can be checked here:
Various work directory logs, availability log, application log and default trace can be checked here :
Availability log :
Sapstart log:
Dev_jcontrol log :
Dev_server0 log :
To check the status of message and enqueue servers, check the process list under scs instance as mentioned below :
To check various logs related to message server, enqueue server, jcmon check the logs under SCS instance as mentioned below :
2012-12 8 Organizational Levels Category: SAP Security, Uncategorized | No Comments More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email “Organizational Levels” (Org Levels) as opposed to authorization fields is another of the core concepts that we come across while creating roles in PFCG. We can access the organizational level values defined for a role by clicking the “org level” button in the main toolbar within PFCG. In the role below, we see Org Levels like Company Code, Purchasing Org, Purchasing Group, Sales Org, Division, Plant, etc.
PFCG – Org Levels In the expanded view of the authorization data in PFCG, the org levels defined earlier appear side-by-side with the authorization fields. In fact, all org levels are also authorization fields but not all auth fields are org levels. For example, the org level Plant appears as an authorization field in two objects, M_LFPL_ORG and M_MATE_WRK. On the other hand the field Activity is not an org level. Once we maintain a particular value for an org level in a role, all authorization objects using the same org level as a field will automatically take the same value. Its technically feasible to break an org level, so that for a particular object, its value is different from its defined org level value but this defeats a the purpose of defining something as an org level.
Another difference between org levels and normal auth fields come to light while deriving a role from another master role. A normal auth field will be inherited by the child role with the same value as maintained in the parent but an org level can be maintained in the individual child roles.
PFCG – Org Levels vs Auth Fields Organizational Levels in most cases are intrinsically linked to the enterprise structure of an organization and largely determined during the customizing steps for the SAP systems. The below screen-shot from the SPRO transaction shows the options for configuring different org levels like company code, controlling area, purchase org, sales org etc. So its not really the security administrator who defines the org levels. He can only use the existing org levels defined during functional configuration.
SPRO – Enterprise Structure Its possible to change an authorization field to an org level for the purpose of security by executing the programPFCG_ORGFIELD_CREATE. However, since this program impacts all roles
which contain the org field it should only be run after a thorough analysis of all impacted roles. Also certain auth fields like Activity can never be changed to an org level. 2012-12 8 Central User Administration in SAP (CUA) Category: SAP Security | No Comments More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email Here is the procedure for Central user administration configuration in a landscape: 1) Create Logical systems to all clients for the landscape using BD54 or SALE as comfortable. 2) Attach Logical system to clients using Same. 3) Create RFC connection to relevant systems with the same name as logical system name . If you Logical system name is SIDCLNT100 for dev then create RFC connection to DEV with same name SIDCLNT100. 4) Let us suppose you Central system: DEVCLNT100 Child system: QUACLNT200 5) Create user CUA_DEV_100 in devclnt100 system 4. Create user CUA_QUA_200 in quaclnt200 system. Create RFC’s to child systems from central and central to child. 5) Now logon to central system and execute tcode scua to configure cua. Enter the name of the distribution model: CUA Press create Enter ALL Child system RFC’s Save your entries now result screen will appear If you expand the nodes for the individual systems, you normally see the following messages for
each system: .ALE distribution model was saved,. .Central User Administration activated,. and .Text comparison was started.. If problem messages are displayed here, follow the procedure in SAP Note 333441: 6) Setting the Parameters for Field Distribution Enter Tcode SCUM in central system following screen will appear Now maintain your filed distribution and save it. You can use transaction SUCOMP to administer company address data. You can use transaction SCUG in the central system to perform the synchronization activities between the central system and the child systems by selecting your child system on the initial screen of transaction SCUG and then choosing Synchronize Company Addresses in the Central System After you have synchronized the company addresses, you can transfer the users from the newly connected child systems to central administration. This is done, as with the synchronization of the company addresses, using transaction SCUG in the central system. To do this, on the initial screen of transaction SCUG, select your child system and choose the Copy Users to the Central System button. Use You can use the report RSCCUSND from the central system of Central User Administration (CUA) to synchronize the master data of selected users with a child system of the CUA. The report sends the master data (including role and profile assignments) to a child system of the CUA. If master data exists in the child system for the user sent, it is overwritten. Procedure … 1.
Start report RSCCUSND (for example, using transaction SA38).
2. In the Receiving System field, specify the child system to which you want the user data. 3.
You can use the fields User and User Group to restrict the number of users.
4.
Specify the data that you want to distribute under Distribution Options.
to send
5.
Choose Execute.
2012-9 29 Schedule tasks on Linux using crontab Category: Opertating Systems | No Comments More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email If you’ve got a website that’s heavy on your web server, you might want to run some processes like generating thumbnails or enriching data in the background. This way it can not interfere with the user interface. Linux has a great program for this called cron. It allows tasks to be automatically run in the background at regular intervals. You could also use it to automatically create backups, synchronize files, schedule updates, and much more. Welcome to the wonderful world of crontab.
Crontab The crontab (cron derives from chronos, Greek for time; tab stands fortable) command, found in Unix and Unix-like operating systems, is used to schedule commands to be executed periodically. To see what crontabs are currently running on your system, you can open a terminal and run: sudo crontab -l
To edit the list of cronjobs you can run: sudo crontab -e This wil open a the default editor (could be vi or pico, if you want you can change the default editor) to let us manipulate the crontab. If you save and exit the editor, all your cronjobs are saved into crontab. Cronjobs are written in the following format: * * * * * /bin/execute/this/script.sh Scheduling explained As you can see there are 5 stars. The stars represent different date parts in the following order: 1. minute (from 0 to 59) 2. hour (from 0 to 23) 3. day of month (from 1 to 31) 4. month (from 1 to 12) 5. day of week (from 0 to 6) (0=Sunday) Execute every minute If you leave the star, or asterisk, it means every. Maybe that’s a bit unclear. Let’s use the the previous example again: * * * * * /bin/execute/this/script.sh They are all still asterisks! So this means execute /bin/execute/this/script.sh: 1. every minute 2. of every hour 3. of every day of the month 4. of every month 5. and every day in the week. In short: This script is being executed every minute. Without exception. Execute every Friday 1AM
So if we want to schedule the script to run at 1AM every Friday, we would need the following cronjob: 0 1 * * 5 /bin/execute/this/script.sh Get it? The script is now being executed when the system clock hits: 1. minute: 0 2. of hour: 1 3. of day of month: * (every day of month) 4. of month: * (every month) 5. and weekday: 5 (=Friday) Execute on workdays 1AM So if we want to schedule the script to Monday till Friday at 1 AM, we would need the following cronjob: 0 1 * * 1-5 /bin/execute/this/script.sh Get it? The script is now being executed when the system clock hits: 1. minute: 0 2. of hour: 1 3. of day of month: * (every day of month) 4. of month: * (every month) 5. and weekday: 1-5 (=Monday til Friday) Execute 10 past after every hour on the 1st of every month Here’s another one, just for practicing 10 * 1 * * /bin/execute/this/script.sh Fair enough, it takes some getting used to, but it offers great flexibility. Neat scheduling tricks What if you’d want to run something every 10 minutes? Well you could do this:
0,10,20,30,40,50 * * * * /bin/execute/this/script.sh But crontab allows you to do this as well: */10 * * * * /bin/execute/this/script.sh Which will do exactly the same. Can you do the the math? Special words If you use the first (minute) field, you can also put in a keyword instead of a number: @reboot @yearly
Run once, at startup Run once a year
"0 0 1 1 *"
@annually (same as @yearly) @monthly Run once a month "0 0 1 * *" @weekly @daily
Run once a week Run once a day
"0 0 * * 0"
"0 0 * * *"
@midnight (same as @daily) @hourly
Run once an hour "0 * * * *
Leave the rest of the fields empty so this would be valid: @daily /bin/execute/this/script.sh Storing the crontab output By default cron saves the output of /bin/execute/this/script.sh in the user’s mailbox (root in this case). But it’s prettier if the output is saved in a separate logfile. Here’s how: */10 * * * * /bin/execute/this/script.sh 2>&1 >> /var/log/script_output.log Explained Linux can report on different levels. There’s standard output (STDOUT) and standard errors (STDERR). STDOUT is marked 1, STDERR is marked 2. So the following statement tells Linux to store STDERR in STDOUT as well, creating one datastream for messages & errors: 2>&1
Now that we have 1 output stream, we can pour it into a file. Where > will overwrite the file, >> will append to the file. In this case we’d like to to append: >> /var/log/script_output.log Mailing the crontab output By default cron saves the output in the user’s mailbox (root in this case) on the local system. But you can also configure crontab to forward all output to a real email address by starting your crontab with the following line: MAILTO="
[email protected]" Mailing the crontab output of just one cronjob If you’d rather receive only one cronjob’s output in your mail, make sure this package is installed: aptitude install mailx And change the cronjob like this: */10 * * * * /bin/execute/this/script.sh 2>&1 | mail -s "Cronjob ouput"
[email protected] Trashing the crontab output Now that’s easy: */10 * * * * /bin/execute/this/script.sh 2>&1 > /dev/null Just pipe all the output to the null device, also known as the black hole. On Unix-like operating systems, /dev/nullis a special file that discards all data written to it. 2012-8 2 Enterprise Portal Administration Category: SAP Portal | No Comments More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email Enterprise Portal Administration
What is single sign on (SSO) Once a user has authenticated to the SAP EP, he doesn’t need to enter his credentials again to access all the systems and backends (SAP and Non-SAP, ESS, MSS and services) integrated into the EP. SSO can be achieved in 3 ways: - JSESSIONID: The JSESSIONID cookie is used for achieving SSO on the Server Node - User Mapping: The user or administrator assign for a specific backend system the userid and password. These settings will be used to achieve SSO to the specified backend. If the user is using a different userid for a backend, this is the prefered solution to achieve SSO. - SAP Logon Ticket. This is a session cookie named MYSAPSSO2 stored in the browser cache and is used to achive SSO to the backends, using the same userid for every backend system. When talking about SSO, normally the SAP Logon Ticket is meant. What is the SAP Logon Ticket? SAP Logon Ticket (token) is a session cookie, stored inside the browsers cache. It get’s permanently deleted from the cache after the user logs out or the token is expired. The Logon Ticket contains: Highest Authentication Scheme Validity Issuing System Digital Signature One Mapped ABAP User ID User ID It doesn’t contain the password. What are the types of SSO? SSO with SAP Logon Ticket SSO with User ID and password (User Mapping) SSO using a 3rd party system (Microsoft Active Directory, Kerberos, etc, but the Issuing System for the SAP Logon Ticket is an SAP NetWeaver AS!) What are the steps for SSO? Create RFC destination in SM59 Create JCO-RFC destination in Visual admin Maintain the profile parameters for single sign on in RZ10
login/create_sso2_ticket=2 login/accept_sso2_ticket=1 4.Export portal certificate (verify.der) 5.Import Portal certificate in STRUSTSSO2 6.Export R/3 certificate in STRUSTSSO2 7.Import R/3 certificate in keystore administration 8.Create system alias in portal 9.Check the SAPJSF user in ABAP system 10.Map the ABAP user to Portal user if it is required. 2012-7 21 JAVA bootstrap Stops Due to Database Problems in SAP.. Category: SAP Portal | No Comments More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email Bootstrap Stops Due to Database Problems Symptom AS Java stops with one of the following exit codes: 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 511, 512, 513, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 529, 530, 532, 542, 546, 548, 549, 550, 551. Scenario Type: Error analysis SAPNetWeaver Component: Application Server Java (AS Java) Analysis The bootstrap module fails to synchronize the files due to problems with the connection to the database or database inconsistency. Solution
If you get one of the exit codes listed above, take the following steps: 1.
1. Find a detailed description of the problem in the bootstrap log files, which are located in the /usr/sap/
/JC/work/ folder. The log files are:
○ dev_bootstrap* – logs from the Java Startup and Control Framework that shows the parameters with which the bootstrap was started. ○ log_bootstrap* – logs from the execution of the bootstrap that show the execution flow from the last session and the possible errors. ○ jvm_bootstrap* – logs from the JVM output for the bootstrap process that show possible JVM problems during the bootstrap execution. 1.
2. Perform a database consistency check following the procedure below. If any of the steps is not completed successfully, stop the check and report the result in a CSS message.
2.
a.
Start the Config Tool to check if it connects to the database.
3.
b. Check if you can connect to the database using an external tool. This external tool can be DBManager for MaxDB or Enterprise Manager for MSSQL Server.
4.
c. Run the integrity check tool provided with the database (for example, DBManager for MaxDB).
5.
3.
Proceed depending on the particular exit code.
Exit code 503: Error while initializing the database connection. Check if the database is running. For more information, check the bootstrap logs and see SAP Note 915825. The connection to the database cannot be initialized. Try the following steps in the order they are described: … 1.
1.
If the database is not started, start the database.
2.
2.
Check if database drivers are correctly set in the instance profiles.
In the profile /usr/sap//SYS/profile/_J_, check for the j2ee/dbdriver entry and make sure that it is correct for the database you are using. Check if the files in the entry really exist and have the correct permissions for access from adm user. 1.
2.
3. Make sure the user name and the password for accessing the database are correct. 4.
Perform a database consistency check.
Exit code 504: Custom parameters mappings not found in the database. Possible reason: incorrect or inconsistent database content. For more information, check the bootstrap logs and see SAP Note 915825.
Exit code 505: Problem accessing the database. Check if the database is running and the database connection details. For more information, check the bootstrap logs and see SAP Note 915825. These exit codes indicate problems with access to the custom parameters mappings. The parameter mappings are used when Software Deployment Archives (SDA) are deployed that contain parameterized settings. Parameterized settings contain system parameters provided by the Configuration Manager that are transparently substituted during runtime. The custom parameters are defined by the user of the system. Some parameters may be vital for the work of other system components and if they cannot be substituted, their incorrect value may cause inconsistencies in the system. If you deployed a SDA that uses a custom parameter, which it is not found in the database, this causes the bootstrap to exit. Proceed depending on when the problem occurred. If the problem appeared after:
installation: Create a CSS message under component BC-INS.
upgrade: Create a CSS message under component BC-INS or BC-UPG-TLS-TLJ depending on the tool used (SAPInst or JINUP)
deploy: Create a CSS message under component BC-JAS-DPL
In the CSS message for this problem include:
the bootstrap logs
description of the installations/deployments/upgrades you performed lately
the logs of the server(s) from /usr/sap//JC/j2ee/cluster/server/log.
a report about any of the steps that failed during the database consistency check.
Exit codes 506 and 507: Cannot access the synchronization root. Possible reason: incorrect or inconsistent database content. For more information, check the bootstrap logs and see SAP Note 915825. The content that needs to be synchronized is located under specific location (root) in the database. The bootstrap module cannot find this root so the synchronization fails to start. These exit codes indicate problems with the: …
Database consistency – the state can be caused by errors during installation, upgrade or deploy.
Check the database consistency and include the report for the steps that failed. Create a CSS message depending on whether the problem occurred after installation, upgrade, or deploy under the components listed above.
Wrong or missing profile entry j2ee/instance_id, which determines the specific instance root.
Find the profile in /usr/sap//SYS/profile/_J_. Check if the entry is missing and if so, create a CSS message under BC-INScomponent.
Exit codes 508 and 509: Cannot access the version information in the database. Possible reason: incorrect or inconsistent database content. For more information, check the bootstrap logs and see SAP Note 915825. The bootstrap uses special versioning to optimize the synchronization process. Without this optimization, everything from the database has to be downloaded to the file system. This
information is always present in the database. If it is not there, the bootstrap stops with an exit code. The problem can be caused by erroneous installation, upgrade or deploy. The reason for the error may be:
Missing or improperly linked template
Missing instance ID entry from the profile
Create a CSS message depending on whether the problem occurred after installation, upgrade, or deploy under the components listed above. In the CSS message for this problem include:
the bootstrap logs
description of the installations/deployments/upgrades you performed lately
the logs of the server(s) from /usr/sap//JC/j2ee/cluster/server/log.
a report about any of the steps that failed during the database consistency check.
Exit codes 511, 512 and 513: Problem accessing the instance metadata. Check the database settings. For more information, check the bootstrap logs and see SAP Note 915825. The instance metadata contains information about the JVM location, JVM settings (heap and perm sizes, GC options, and so on), the infrastructure (SCS host and ports). If the instance data cannot be read, the instance does not run as desired so the bootstrap exits. Create a CSS message for this problem and attach the bootstrap logs.
Exit codes 515 and 516: Cannot find information about the native files. Possible reason: incorrect or inconsistent database content. For more information, check the bootstrap logs and see SAP Note 915825. The database contains metadata about the native files that are synchronized in /usr/sap//JC/j2ee/os_libs. If this metadata cannot be obtained, the bootstrap has to exit, otherwise the AS Java does not function properly. Check the database consistency and create a CSSmessage with the consistency report and the bootstrap logs.
Exit codes 517, 518, 519, 520 and 521: Error while reading index information from the database. Possible reason: incorrect or inconsistent database content. For more information, check the bootstrap logs and see SAP Note 915825. Bootstrap uses indexes to optimize the synchronization process. If these indexes cannot be read from the database, all the binaries have to be downloaded, which takes a lot of time. The indexes are always present in the database. If the bootstrap exits because of access problem while reading the indexes, this may be an indication of database inconsistency. Check the database consistency and create a CSSmessage with the consistency report and the bootstrap logs.
Exit codes 524, 525 and 526: Problem accessing the cluster file system global version. Possible reason: incorrect or inconsistent database content. Check the Deploy Controller version. For more information, check the bootstrap logs and see SAP Note 915825. The Cluster File System (CFS) is used for deploying single file system archive in multiple file systems in the whole cluster. The CFS serves as a repository for the deployed files, while the bootstrap is responsible for the synchronization of the CFS components in the FS of the cluster elements. The global version is used for optimization purposes. If it is missing this may be an indication of:
Database corruption.
Check the database consistency.
Version mismatch between the bootstrap and deploy controller versions.
Check the versions of the components as described above. Create a CSS message that includes the database consistency report, the versions of the components and the bootstrap logs.
Exit codes 527 and 528: Problem accessing the versions repository of the cluster file system. Possible reason: incorrect or inconsistent database content. Check the Deploy Controller
version. For more information, check the bootstrap logs and see SAP Note 915825. The version’s repository of the CFS is used to optimize the synchronization time. If it is missing this may be an indication of:
Version mismatch between the bootstrap and deploy controller versions.
Check the versions of the components using: ○
SystemInfo application if the engine is running
○ Version script located in the folder /usr/sap//JC/j2ee/cluster/bootstrap/scripts if the engine cannot start Create a CSS message, including the version information displayed by the tool you are using. The minimum information required is the bootstrap and the deploy controller components versions. You also have to include the name of the tool (“SystemInfo application” or “version script”) used to obtain the versions.
Database corruption
Check the database consistency. Create a CSSmessage that includes the database consistency report, the versions of the components and the bootstrap logs.
Exit codes 529 and 530: Problem accessing the metadata of the cluster file system. Check the database state and the Deploy Controller component version. For more information, check the bootstrap logs and see SAP Note 915825. The CFS is used for deploying single file system archive in multiple file systems in the whole cluster. The CFS serves as a repository for the deployed files, while the bootstrap is responsible for the synchronization of the CFS components in the file system of the cluster elements. If any data required for the synchronization of the CFSarchives is missing or not accessible, the bootstrap exits. This may be an indication of:
Version mismatch between the bootstrap and deploy controller versions: Check the versions of the components as described above.
DB corruption: Check the database consistency.
Create a CSS message that includes the database consistency report, the versions of the components and the bootstrap logs.
Exit codes 532 and 542: Index not found in the database. Check the database consistency and the version of the OfflineDeploy component. For more information, check the bootstrap logs and see SAP Note 915825. The bootstrap uses database indexes along with the file system indexes to optimize the synchronization process. If a database index cannot be found, one or more components are unknown to the bootstrap and cannot be downloaded to the file system. This can result in the AS Java not working as expected. The error may indicate inconsistent database. Check the database consistency and create a CSS message with the consistency report and the bootstrap logs attached.
Exit code 546: Problem reading kernel properties from the DB. For more information, check the bootstrap logs and see SAP Note 915825.
Exit codes 548, 549: Problem reading the managers’ properties. Check the database consistency. For more information, check the bootstrap logs and see SAP Note 915825.
Exit codes 550, 551: Problem reading the services’ properties. Check the database consistency. For more information, check the bootstrap logs and see SAP Note 915825. The bootstrap reads the kernel properties; the properties of the managers that compose the kernel of the AS Java; and the services’ properties from the database. All these properties are used to configure the kernel so they are vital for the work of the managers. If they cannot be obtained, the bootstrap exits. These errors may indicate an inconsistent database. Check the database consistency and create a CSS message with the consistency report and the bootstrap logs attached.
2012-7 21 Troubleshooting: AS Java Bootstrap Stops with an Exit Code.. Category: SAP Portal | No Comments More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email Troubleshooting: AS Java Bootstrap Stops with an Exit Code Symptom AS Java stops with an exit code because the AS Java bootstrap module failed to synchronize the system’s files. Scenario Type: Error analysis SAP NetWeaver Component: Application Server Java (AS Java) Analysis The bootstrap module collects metadata about the instance and the files it has to synchronize and then downloads the required files to the file system. It can fail to synchronize the system’s files for the following reasons:
The database was not started or is corrupted
Incorrect or missing file system permissions
Wrong installation type (32 bit binaries on 64 bit machine)
Errors in the bootstrap logic
Problem Areas Depending on the kind of problem that caused the bootstrap to fail, you can have an exit code from one of the following problem areas:
Database connectivity/consistency This category includes problems with the connection to the database and the database consistency. The exit codes are: 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 511, 512, 513, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 529, 530, 532, 542, 546, 548, 549, 550, 551. More information: Bootstrap Stops Due to Database Problems File system The problems in this area are connected mainly with file system access permissions. The exit codes are: 514, 522, 523, 531, 541, 533, 534, 535, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540, 543, 544, 547, 552. More information: Bootstrap Stops Due to File System Problems Configuration properties The area includes problems with the configuration of the bootstrap module. The exit codes are: 501, 502, 510, 545. More information: Bootstrap Stops Due to Configuration Problems
Further Information If you are unable to identify the problem or cannot solve the problem following the suggested steps, create a CSS message under the component BC-JAS-COR with short text “Bootstrap exit code XXX”, where XXX is the exit code from the bootstrap process. The exit code can be found in dev_bootstrap file. Collect the bootstrap logs and attach them to the created CSS message. If the offline bootstrap process finished successfully, but the server process fails to start because of a problem related to the bootstrap, collect and attach the server logs too.
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2012-7 5 Monitoring Background Jobs with CCMS Category: Uncategorized | No Comments More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email Monitoring Background Jobs with CCMS
Prerequisites
Confirm that SAPConnect (transaction SCOT) is configured correctly for both email and paging in client 000 of the monitoring system.
Background Job Failure Notification Configuration
To allow for the notification of an individual or group when a certain job does not complete successfully, additional setup is required before the job monitor can be configured.
First, make sure that a distribution list with the contact information for the individuals or groups which will require notification has been created in client 000 of the monitoring system (for information on creating SAP distribution lists see section Creating a Shared Distribution List).
Next, if an appropriate auto-response method has not yet been defined in CCMS one will need to be created. To do so, log on to the monitoring system and call transaction RZ21. In the Methodssection, select the Method definitions radio button and click Display overview.
In the resulting list, select a method which already performs the desired function (ex. zBT_ar_email_dl_DL_EMAIL for emailing or zBT_ar_page_dl_DL_PAGE for paging) and click the copy button.
In the resulting dialog, specify a name for the new method and confirm the copy by clicking the green checkmark.
Recommended naming convention for auto-reaction methods:
zBT____
Example: zBT_ar_email_dl_CCMS_AR_EM01 Method Type
ar
Auto-Reaction Method
Notif Type
email
Method sends an email
Contact Type
dl
Notify a distribution list
Contact
CCMS_AR_EM01
Dist-List CCMS_AR_EM01
The newly created method is now displayed. Enter change mode and change the description for the method to an appropriate value.
On the Parameters tab and set the SENDER to a SAP user in client 000 which has an email address maintained in its user master record. For RECIPIENT enter the name of the appropriate distribution list and for RECIPIENT-TYPE enter C.
On the Release tab, check the Auto-Reaction Method checkbox to classify the new method.
Save the new auto-reaction method by clicking the save button. The new auto-reaction method has been created and is ready for use.
Add the job to be monitored to CCMS
Before a background job can be monitored by CCMS, the job name needs to be entered in table ALBTCMON. To do this, log on to the system on which the background job which needs to be monitored is scheduled and call transaction SE16. Enter table ALBTCMON and press
On the selection screen, just click Execute to display all of the entries in the table. To add a new row, select a row which already exists and choose the menu option Table entry -> Create with Template.
For the new entry confirm that the correct system ID is displayed and enter the name of the background job which is to be monitored. To save the new entry, click the save button.
The background job will now show up in CCMS as available for monitoring after the next system restart. To make the job available for monitoring without a system restart, follow the instructions contained in the section Restarting the Local System Monitoring Segment.
Configuring the New Monitor
Once the above steps have been completed, you are ready to configure monitoring for the job in CCMS. To start, call transaction RZ20 in the monitoring system. Activate the CCMS maintenance functions by selecting the menu option Extras -> Activate maintenance function.
Expand the CCMS monitor sets tree until the appropriate monitor set is displayed.
Select the monitor set to which the new job should be added by single clicking on it and press the change button.
The Edit monitor definition screen is displayed. Expand the structure to locate the new job which is to be added. The job should be in the structure under Selectable MTE -> -> Background -> Background Job Monitoring
To add the job to the monitor set, expand the node with the name of the background job and select the checkbox next to the line Status. Save the changed monitor set by clicking the save button.
After saving, you will be returned to the main screen of RZ20.
Now that the job has been added to the correct monitor set the appropriate auto-reaction method needs to be associated with it. To do this, from the main screen in RZ20, double-click on the monitor set to which the job was added. A list of all jobs which are included in that monitor set will be displayed. Select the checkbox next to the newly added job and click the Propertiesbutton.
The properties screen of the background job monitor are displayed. Select the Methods tab and click the Method assignment button in the Methods effective for MTE nodes section.
The resulting screen displays the methods which are currently assigned to the job monitor. Enter change mode and select the Auto-reaction tab. In the Method
allocation section, select theMethod name radio button and enter the name of the method which was created earlier.
Save the method assignment and the monitor setup is now complete.
Note: when backing out of the method assignment screen immediately after adding the autoreaction method the method association will not be displayed even though it exists. Back all the way out of the transaction and when you go back in, the auto-reaction method will be visible.
Confirming Open CCMS Alerts
After a background job has been set up for monitoring in CCMS, whenever the job fails a CCMS alert will be opened and the appropriate individuals will be notified via the auto-reaction method.
When a notification of job failure is received, the recipient should then confirm the open alert in CCMS to acknowledge awareness of the job failure.
To confirm an open alert in CCMS, log on to the system/client in which the job failed and call transaction RZ20. Drill down to the appropriate monitor set and select it by double-clicking.
A list of all jobs which belong to that monitor set are displayed. Select the checkbox next to the job for which the alert was received and click the Open alerts button.
The display now shows all jobs and whether they have open (unconfirmed) alerts. To display or complete the alerts for a particular job, select the checkbox next to the job name and click theDisplay alerts button.
To complete the alert, select box to the left of the alert line and click the Complete alerts button.
Upon completion, the alert should be removed from the screen and the open alerts branch for the job in the monitor set will now be green, indicating that there are no open alerts. Restarting the Local System Monitoring Segment
Whenever a new job is added to table ALBTCMON for monitoring it will not immediately available for monitoring in CCMS. To make the job available for immediate monitoring, without a system restart, you can manually restart the Monitoring Segment (WARNING: Manually restarting the segment will also restart all CCMS data collection methods for the selected segment). To restart the local system monitoring segment, call transaction RZ21 and select the menu optionTechnical infrastructure -> Display Topology
In the Display Technical Topology screen, enter into change mode and select the Local Segmentstab. Select the line for the Appl. Server segment which should be restarted and click the Reset Segment in “WARMUP” Status. Confirm any informational messages which are displayed and the monitoring segment will be restarted.
Upon successful restart of the monitoring segment, all background jobs in table ALBTCMON will be immediately available for monitoring.
Creating a Shared Distribution List
In order to send an auto-reaction email to a group of users or send an auto-reaction page to anybody a SAP Business Workplace distribution list is required.
To create a distribution list, log on to client 000 in the monitoring system and call transaction SBWP. From the main screen, click the Distribution lists button.
In the resulting screen, to create a new distribution list, click the Create button.
Give the new distribution list a name and enter an appropriate title. In the Features section, select the drop-down help for the Folder field.
In the resulting pop-up box, enter the same name that was entered for the distribution list in theFolder name field and the title of the distribution list in the Folder title field. Make sure that theShared radio button is selected and click the Create folder button.
Confirm that the values are correct for the folder to be created and click the green checkmark.
Confirm the folder selection dialog by clicking the green checkmark.
Select the Distr. list content tab for the new distribution list and list enter all recipients which should receive the auto-reaction notification as well as the recipient type and click the save button to create the list.
2012-6 29 Transport Guide Category: SAP BASIS | No Comments
More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email Tips for Different SAP Objects Question: How can I transport certain SAP objects? Here are tips for different objects: LSMW: There are 2 ways for transporting LSMW data from a system to another. 1. Export/import this method gives you the opportunity to select the subprojects or objects you want to transfer. LSMW -> Extras -> Export project 2. Transport request with this method, you can transport a LSMW project in full (you can not select the objects you want). With this method, the project will be transported as any other SAP object in a transport order. LSMW -> Extras -> Create change request Program variants If you have several program variants in a development system that you want to transport, use the following method to transport them: Execute program ‘RSTRANSP’ (via se38) and inform the program and/or variant names (you can transport variant of several programs in one shot). Layout In some transactions, one can save layout of the screen (sort, filter, … criteria). These layouts can be transported: In the required transaction, when your layouts have been saved, go to Settings -> Layout -> Layout Management. Select the desired layouts and go to Layout -> Transport… There you can add your layouts in existing TO or create a new one. Database data In some unusual cases, you might have to transport data of a SAP table. Go to transaction SE16, select your entries and go to Table entry -> Transport entries. It’s only possible for some tables… If you cannot do it that way,you have to create a Workbench transport order with transaction SE10. When created, click on it, go in menu Request/task -> Object list -> Display object list. Go in modification mode and add a new line with: PgmID = R3TR Obj = TABU Object name = Name of your table Double-click on the created line and, depending on your need, put ‘*’ in the key field or doubleclick on it and select the key you need to transport.
Queries Queries, datasets and user groups can be exported/imported between the systems using the ProgramRSAQR3TR. Report template (ALV variants) There is a button or somewhere in the menu Change/Select/Save/Manage Layout. Go to Manage Layout, than Layout menu/ Transport. SAPSCRIPT Files Transport Use the program RSTXSCRP to upload and Download the SAPSCRIPT files to different systems Transport SAPSCRIPT Use the Program RSWBO052 to create the Transport Request for a SAPSCRIPT, In the Selection screen of the program, give R3TR – FORM – Give the Form name and press Execute button, it will ask the Development Class and the transport Request No. Standard texts Standard texts used in SAPScript(created with transaction SO10) can be included in transport orders. You have to create a Workbench transport order with transaction SE10. When created, click on it, go in menu Request/task -> Object list -> Display object list. Go in modification mode and add a new line with: PgmID = R3TR Obj = TEXT Object name = TEXT,,ST, Example : R3TR / TEXT / TEXT,YMM_MEDRUCK_MAIN_16_EC,ST,F Database tables, that contains the Transport Requests List of tables pertaining to Transport Requests: TABNAME
Description
E070
Change & Transport System: Header of Requests/Tasks
E070A
Change & Transport System: Attributes of a Request
E070C
CTS: Source/Target Client of Requests/Tasks
E070CREATE
Change & Transport System: Creation Date of Request
E070CTV
Generated Table for View E070CTV
E070DEP
Change & Transport System: Dependencies of Requests
E070L
CTS: Index for Assigning Numbers to Requests/Tasks
E070M
CTS: Target Package/Layer for Requests
E070TC
Help Table for E070 for Client-Specific Imports
E070USE
Use of Current Requests by Users
E070V
Generated Table for View E070V
E071
Change & Transport System: Object Entries of Requests/Tasks
E071C
Change & Transport System: Client-Specific Lock Flag
E071E
Lang. Transport: Positive List for Generic Object Selection
E071K
Change & Transport System: Key Entries of Requests/Tasks
E071KC
Change & Transport System: Key Entries of Requests/Tasks
E071KF
Change & Transport System: Nametab Info. on (CHAR)Key Fields
E071KFINI
Change & Transport System: Nametab Info. on (CHAR)Key Fields
E071K_30
Change & Transport System: Key Entries of Requests/Tasks
E071K_KEY
E071K Key Fields
E071S
System-Specific Import Status of Objects
E071V
Generated Table for View E071V
E07T
Change & Transport System: Short Texts for Requests/Tasks
E07T_OLD
E07T Before TRKORR Extension
2012-6 23 Installing SAP R/3 Application server on Linux .. Category: SAP BASIS | No Comments More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email Installing SAP R/3 Application server on Linux In this article, I will give you step by step for installation of application server system SAP R / 3 using the Linux OS. Why use Linux? Instead better use Windows? There are some things that a consideration to me why using Linux include: 1. Database Instance that will be used is Oracle with a platform AIX (IBM’s proprietary UNIX). Between AIX and Linux, UNIX machines are equally so compatibility will be more awake than using Windows. 2. Linux is free and open source. By nature, I was much easier to perform tuning and search for references on the Internet. 3. Communication between Linux and AIX will use NFS, while Windows and AIX will use SAMBA. 4. Linux machine is more stable, reliable, and most importantly the virus-immune. 5. Linux is also less expensive in terms of maintenance, hardware requirements, compared to using Windows (must have a license) and AIX (in terms of licensing and hardware). Selection of Linux distributions that will be used freely. I prefer the distro that can use the concept of LVM (Logical Volume Management) so I can make a logical volume space maintenance easier. I will try to explain using Redhat machine. I personally have tried to use SuSE as well. The main difference between them is the problem of the default file system used. Redhat uses ext3, while SuSE using reiserfs. Excellence ext3 and reiserfs is the ability to manage the logical volume size online.So we can easily increase the size of logical volumes without having to unmount the logical volume.We start, yes … 1. OS InstallationWhen the OS installation, prepare a sufficient partition for the installation of SAP. The table on the following attachment (Disk) The following will give an explanation setting partitions using LVM. 2.
Installing the Central InstanceSince we will use an existing Database Instance on AIX 64 bit machine, then we have to install the Central Instance. Installing the Central Instance package in Linux is to get the executable files from the SAP kernel for Linux. Set environment needed to run sapinst among others:LD_LIBRARY_PATH = / sapmnt / [SID] / exeSAPINST_JRE_HOME = / opt / [location of java runtime environment]DISPLAY = [IP_Address of Windows Client]: 0.0umask = 22 To test, run the xclock command on the console. If an analog clock image, it means that environment is set correctly. If not appear, review the value of each environment variable you.
Go to the directory sapinst. Sapinst Run command on the console.
Choose Install Central Instance.
Fill in the information to the SAP System ID (SAPSID) and Instance Number.Customize with existing information on the Database Instance on AIX.
Fill in the information database ID (DBSID) and Database Host.
Let the information by default. This we do because this server will only be used asapplication servers.
Choose No if you do not use LDAP LDAP facilities on your network.
Make sure that this directory is exist.
Make sure the correct information Database Schema. And do not forget the type ofdatabase server is running on AIX is 64 bits.
Information about the group sapsys. Noteworthy is the Group ID must match the Group ID on the AIX machine (as a database server).
Information about the group dba. Noteworthy is the Group ID must match the Group IDon the AIX machine (as a database server).
Information about the group shift gears. Noteworthy is the Group ID must match the Group ID on the AIX machine (as a database server).
Information about the user [sid] adm. Must be considered is the User ID andpassword must be the same as your User ID and password on AIX machine.
Information about the user ora [sid]. Must be considered is the User ID and passwordmust be the same as your User ID and password on AIX machines.
Note the directory listing above. These directories must exist. If not exist, create itnow!. The directory must exist is / usr / sap, / usr / sap / trans, / sapmnt, / oracle, /oracle / [SID] / 920_64.
You must indicate the location of the SAP Kernel for Linux is available. You should be ready.
Information extraction of Oracle Client. Remove the check mark. We will not installOracle Client now.
Information on ports used by SAP applications. The following ports should not beused by other applications, which is 36 [system number], 33 [system number], 32[system number], 47 [system number], and 48 [system number]. Please edit the file /etc / services.
Information listener name and port used by the listener. Make sure the port is not usedby other applications.
Show location IGS_SOFT.
Summary information on the Central Instance installation. Check back and you stillcan click the back button if there is not yet appropriate.
Installing the central instance is running.
Congratulations!! Installing the central instance successfully. We’re already in half way.Please break before … enjoy hot coffee and fried bananas you …:) 3. Installing Dialog Instance Set environment needed to run sapinst among others: LD_LIBRARY_PATH = / sapmnt / [SID] / exe SAPINST_JRE_HOME = / opt / [location of java runtime environment] DISPLAY = [IP_Address of Windows Client]: 0.0 umask = 22
To test, run the xclock command on the console. If an analog clock image, it means that environment is set correctly. If not appear, review the value of each environment variable you. Make sure the machine Linux and AIX machines know each other. Perform the addition of the IP Address and hostname Linux on AIX machines and vice versa. From the AIX machine via NFS, shared directory / sapmnt / [SID] / global and /sapmnt / [SID] / profile. From the Linux machine, mount the directory with the samemount point.
Screen installation election. Select Non-Unicode_Install Dialog Instance.
Information about the Central Instance. Remember! instance number and instanceinformation are hosted on the AIX machine.
Information Database ID (DBSID) and Database Host.
Information hosted instance of parameters. Leave the default.
Choose No if you do not use LDAP LDAP on the network.
Location SAP Mount Directory is on / sapmnt. Make sure this directory exists.
Note the type of information Database Schema and Database servers. Do not forgetthat the database server that we use is 64 bits.
Note the directory listing above. These directories must exist. If not exist, create itnow!. The directory must exist is / usr / sap, / usr / sap / trans, / sapmnt, / oracle, /oracle / [SID] / 920_64.
You must indicate the location of the SAP Kernel for Linux is available. You should be ready.
Now is the time for us to install Oracle Client. Tick the option extract oracle client.
Information used ports in the SAP. Should have been prepared at the time ofinstallation of the Central Instance.
Setting name of the listener and the listener port name.
Location IGS_SOFT.
Installation Summary Dialog Instance.
Installing Dialog Instance is running.
Error will be out due to lack of permissions on the directory NFS / sapmnt / [SID] /profile.
From the AIX machine, change the first permissions recursively to 777, the command# chmod-R / sapmnt / [SID] / profile. Continue the installation until it met the error again.
Errors occur because the permissions on the directory NFS / sapmnt / [SID] / profileon AIX machines.
Restore permissions to its original position. Use the following commands in succession: # chmod-R 644 profile, # chmod 755 profile.
This error is a bug from SAP. Please edit the file keybd.xml. Search keyword”ERROR” and change it to OK. Save, then run back to the old installation.
Congratulations! Dialog Instance installation has been completed. 4. Next run the dialog instance. Previous sure central instance and database server is running on the AIX machine. Now we already have a Linux application servers are cheap, reliable and stable.There is more to be dituning, later we went on again. 2012-6 14 Requirements for Installing Oracle 11gR2 RDBMS on RHEL (and OEL) 5 on 32-bit x86 Category: Databases | No Comments More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email Requirements for Installing Oracle 11gR2 RDBMS on RHEL (and OEL) 5 on 32-bit x86 References
Applies to:
Oracle Server – Enterprise Edition – Version: 11.2.0.0 Linux x86 Red Hat Advanced Server Oracle Enterprise Linux 4.0 Purpose: This note explains the requirements that need to be met for a successful installation of RDBMS release 11.2.0.x (a 1 DVD set) on RedHat 5.2 or greater, 32-bit (x86). You can download the 11.2.0.1 from following URL. But you require a valid OTN account for download. http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/oracle11g/112010_linuxsoft. html Scope and Application: This procedure is meant for those planning/trying to install Oracle Server 11.2.0.1.0 (or above) on Red Hat Server 5.2 (or greater) on the 32-bit (x86) platform. Since it is the expressed goal to keep Oracle Enterprise Linuxfunctionally IDENTICAL to RHEL, this NOTE is also completely applicable to 32-bit (x86) OEL 5.2 (or greater) Requirements for Installing Oracle 11gR2 RDBMS on RHEL (and OEL) 5 on 32-bit x86 Requirements for Installing 32-bit Oracle 11gR2 RDBMS on RHEL or OEL 5.2 (or greater) 32-bit (x86) I. Hardware: =========== 1. Minimum Hardware Requirements a.) At least 1.0 Gb (1024 MB) of physical RAM b.) Swap disk space proportional to the system’s physical memory as follows: RAM Swap Space 1024 Mb to 2048 Mb 1.5 x RAM 2049 Mb to 16 Gb 1 x RAM greater than 16 Gb 16 Gb c.) 1024 Mb of disk space (and less than 2Tb of disk space) in the /tmp directory. d.) approximately 4 Gb of local disk space for the database software. e.) approximately 1.7 Gb of disk space for a preconfigured database that uses file system storage (optional)
II. Software: ============ 1. As is specified in section 1.3.2 of the Oracle Database Installation Guide for 11gR2 on Linux (part number E10840-02), Oracle recommends that you install the Linux operating system with the default software packages (RPMs) and do not customize the RPMs during installation. 2. Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 5.2 (or greater), which is Kernel 2.6.18-92 or newer. 3. Required OS Components (per Release Notes, and Install Guide) a.) The exact version number details of this list are based upon 32-bit (x86) RHEL Server 5.2. When a higher “update” level is used, the RPM release numbers (such as 4.1.2-42) may be slightly higher (such as 4.1.2-57 or 4.1.3-10). Since “update 2″ and greater of RHEL 5 are certified, this is fine so long as you are still using 32-bit Linux (x86) RHEL Server 5 RPMs. b.) Some of the Install Guide requirements will already be present from the “default-RPMs” foundation of Linux that you started with: 1.) binutils-2.17.50.0.6-2.el5 2.) compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61 3.) elfutils-libelf-0.125-3.el5 4.) glibc-2.5-24 5.) glibc-common-2.5-12 6.) ksh-20060214-1.7 7.) libaio-0.3.106 8.) libgcc-4.1.2-42.el5 9.) libstdc++-4.1.2-42 10.) make-3.81-1.1 c.) The remaining Install Guide requirements will have to be installed: 1.) elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125-3.el5.i386.rpm a.) requires elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.125-3.el5.i386.rpm as a prerequisite. b.) elfutils-libelf-devel and elfutils-libelf-devel-static each depend upon the other. Therefore, they must be installed together, in one (1) “rpm -ivh” command as follows: rpm -ivh elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125-3.el5.i386.rpm elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.1253.el5.i386.rpm 2.) kernel-headers-2.6.18-92.el5.i386.rpm 3.) glibc-headers-2.5-24.i386.rpm 4.) glibc-devel-2.5-24.i386.rpm 5.) libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-42.el5.i386.rpm 6.) libgomp-4.1.2-42.el5.i386.rpm 7.) gcc-4.1.2-42.el5.i386.rpm
8.) gcc-c++-4.1.2-42.el5.i386.rpm 9.) libaio-devel-0.3.106-3.2.i386.rpm 10.) sysstat-7.0.2-1.el5.i386.rpm 11.) unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm 12.) unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm 4. Additional Required OS Components (per the runInstaller OUI) a.) intentionally blank 5. Additional Required OS Components (per this NOTE) a.) Please do not rush, skip, or minimize this critical step. This list is based upon a “defaultRPMs” installation of 32-bit (x86) RHEL Server 5. Additional RPMs (beyond anything known to Oracle) may be needed if a “less-than-default-RPMs” installation of 32-bit (x86) RHEL Server 5 is performed. For more information, please refer to Note 376183.1, “Defining a “default RPMs” installation of the RHEL OS” b.) intentionally blank 6. Oracle Global Customer Support has noticed a recent trend with install problems that originates from installing too many RPMs. For example: a.) installing your own JDK version (prior to beginning the Oracle Software “runInstaller”) is not needed on Linux, and is not recommended on Linux. A pre-existing JDK often interferes with the correct JDK that the Linux Oracle Software “runInstaller” will place and use. b.) installing more than the required version of the gcc / g++ RPMs often leads to accidentally using (aka enabling or activating) the incorrect one. If you have multiple RDBMS versions installed on the same Linux machine, then you will likely have to manage multiple versions of gcc /g++ . For more information, please see Note 444084.1, “Multiple gcc / g++ Versions in Linux” 7. All of the RPMs in section II. are on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 32-bit (x86) distribution media. Create Oracle user and groups # groupadd oinstall # groupadd dba # useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle # passwd oracle Create the required directories for Oracle database and change the ownership For example # mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle III. Environment: ================ 1. Modify your kernel settings in /etc/sysctl.conf (RedHat) as follows. If the current value for any parameter is higher than the value listed in this table, do not change the value of that parameter. Range values (such as net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range) must match exactly. kernel.shmall = physical RAM size / pagesize For most systems, this will be the value 2097152. See Note 301830.1 for more information. kernel.shmmax = 1/2 of physical RAM, but not greater than 4GB. This would be the value 2147483648 for a system with 4Gb of physical RAM. kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max = 512 x processes (for example 6815744 for 13312 processes) fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 2. To activate these new settings into the running kernel space, run the “sysctl –p” command as root. 3. Set Shell Limits for the oracle User. Assuming that the “oracle” Unix user will perform the installation, do the following: a.) Add the following settings to /etc/security/limits.conf oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 b.) Add or edit the following line in the /etc/pam.d/login file, if it does not already exist: session required pam_limits.so c.) Add the following lines to /etc/profile: if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -u 16384
ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi 4. The gcc-4.1.2 and gcc-c++-4.1.2 RPM items above will ensure that the correct gcc / g++ versions are installed. It is also required that you ensure that these correct gcc / g++ versions are active, and in-use. Ensure that the commands “gcc –version” and “g++ –version” each return “4.1.x”. 5. The hostname command should return the fully qualified hostname as shown below: % hostname hostname.domainname 6. If any Java packages are installed on the system, unset the Java environment variables, for example JAVA_HOME. 7. The oracle account used to install Oracle 11.2.0.1, should not have the Oracle install related variables set by default. For example setting ORACLE_HOME, PATH, LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include Oracle binaries in .profile, .login file and /etc/profile.d should be completely avoided. a.) Setting $ORACLE_BASE (not $ORACLE_HOME) is recommended, since it eases a few prompts in the OUI runInstaller tool. b.) following the succesful install, it is recommended to set $ORACLE_HOME, and to set $PATH to include $ORACLE_HOME/bin at the beginning of the $PATH string. 8. By default, RHEL 5 x86 Linux is installed with SELinux as “enforcing”. This is fine for the 11gR2 installation process. However, to subsequently run “sqlplus”, switch SELinux to the “Permissive” mode. 9. Log in as Oracle user and start the installation as follows: ./runInstaller a.) It is best practice not to use any form of “su” to start the runInstaller, in order to avoid potential display-related problems. b.) When performing the 11.2.0.1 installation, make sure to use the “runInstaller” version that comes with 11.2.0.1 software. c.) When performing any subsequent 11.2.0.x patchset, make sure to use the “runInstaller” version that comes with the patchset.
ADDITIONAL NOTES —————1. Supported distributions of the 32-bit (x86) Linux OS can run on on AMD64/EM64T and Intel Processor Chips that adhere to the x86_64 architecture a.) Oracle 32-bit running on AMD64/EM64T with 32-bit OS is supported, and is covered by this NOTE. b.) Oracle 32-bit running on AMD64/EM64T with 64-bit OS is not certified and is not supported. 2. Asynchronous I/O on ext2 and ext3 file systems is supported if your scsi/fc driver supports that functionality. 3. No extra patch is required for the DIRECTIO support for x86. 4. No LD_ASSUME_KERNEL value should be used with the 11gR2 product. You might also like:
2012-6 14 Manual Upgrade Database from Oracle 10.2.0.4 to Oracle 11.2.0.2 Category: Databases | No Comments More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email Introduction: This document applies for Oracle 10.2.0.4 Ent. Edition on Red Hat Linux 5. This document will guide you how to upgrade Oracle 10.2.0.4 Ent Edition single Instance to Oracle 11.2.0.2 Ent. Edition. The following topics guide you through the process of performing a manual upgrade. They assume that you have previously run the Pre-Upgrade Information Tool • Backing up the Database • Preparing the New Oracle Home
• Manually Upgrading the Database • Troubleshooting the Upgrade • Cancelling the Upgrade Backing Up the Database After running the Pre-Upgrade Information Tool and cleanly shutting down the instance, Oracle recommends that you back up the database as described in this section. If you encounter problems with the upgrade and wish to abandon the upgrade completely, then you must restore the database from this backup. Therefore, Oracle recommends that you back up your database now as a precaution. There are two ways to take backup: 1. Cold Backup 2. Rman Backup Cold Backup: Copy all the datafiles, control files and Redo log files to a different location. Rman Backup: Sign on to RMAN: 1. rman “target / nocatalog” 2. Issue the following RMAN commands: RUN { ALLOCATE CHANNEL chan_name TYPE DISK; BACKUP DATABASE FORMAT ‘some_backup_directory%U’ TAG before_upgrade; BACKUP CURRENT CONTROLFILE FORMAT ‘controlfile location and name’; }
Preparing the New Oracle Home After backing up the database to be upgraded, prepare the new Oracle home in a new location. Do this for any release of Oracle Database for which you are upgrading, whether the database is release 11.2 or earlier. To prepare the new Oracle home 1. Copy configuration files from the Oracle home of the database being upgraded to the new Oracle Database 11gRelease 2 (11.2) Oracle home: 2. If your parameter file resides within the old environment’s Oracle home, then copy it to the new Oracle home. By default, Oracle looks for the parameter file in the ORACLE_HOME/dbs directory on Linux or UNIX platforms. The parameter file can reside anywhere you wish, but it should not reside in the old environment’s Oracle home after you upgrade to Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2). Note: It might be necessary to create a text initialization parameter file (PFILE) from the server parameter file (SPFILE) so that you can edit the initialization parameters. Sql> CREATE pfile FROM spfile; 3. If you have a password file that resides within the old environment’s Oracle home, then move or copy the password file to the new Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) Oracle home.The name and location of the password file are operating system-specific. On Linux or UNIX platforms, the default password file is orapwsid, located in the ORACLE_HOME/dbs directory. In both cases, sid is your Oracle instance ID. 4. The Pre-Upgrade Information Tool displays any deprecated parameters and obsolete parameters it finds in the Deprecated Parameters and Obsolete Parameters sections. Make sure the COMPATIBLE initialization parameter is properly set for Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2). The Pre-Upgrade Information Tool displays a warning in the Database section if COMPATIBLE is not properly set. 5. Adjust the values of the initialization parameters to at least the minimum values indicated by the Pre-Upgrade Information Tool. 6. Make sure all path names in the parameter file are fully specified. You should not have relative path names in the parameter file. 7.
Make sure you save all of the files you modified after making these adjustments.
Manually Upgrading the Database After preparing the new Oracle home, you are ready to proceed with the manual upgrade. To manually upgrade the database • Shut down the instance: Sql> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE • On Linux or UNIX operating system perform the following checks: Your ORACLE_SID is set correctly. The oratab file points to your Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) Oracle home
The following environment variables should point to the Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) directories:
ORACLE_HOME, PATH Any scripts that clients use to set the ORACLE_HOME value must point to the new Oracle home. • Log in to the system as the owner of the Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) Oracle home directory. • At a system prompt, change to the ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin directory. [oracle@ ~]$ cd $ ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin • Start SQL*Plus. [oracle@ ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=[instance_name] [oracle@ ~]$ sqlplus sys as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Fri Apr 29 10:29:11 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved. Enter password: • Start the instance by issuing the following command: Sql> STARTUP UPGRADE ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1000189952 bytes Fixed Size 1337492 bytes Variable Size 708839276 bytes Database Buffers 285212672 bytes Redo Buffers 4800512 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. Note: The UPGRADE keyword enables you to open a database based on an earlier Oracle Database release. It also restricts logons to AS SYSDBA sessions, disables system triggers, and performs additional operations that prepare the environment for the upgrade. You might be required to use the PFILE option to specify the location of your initialization parameter file. Once the database is started in upgrade mode, only queries on fixed views execute without errors until after the catupgrd.sql script is run. Before running catupgrd.sql, queries on any other view or the use of PL/SQL returns an error. Common Error & Solution for Database Upgrade: The following are common errors that might occur when attempting to start the new Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) database. Some of these errors are written to the alert log and not to your session. If you receive any of these errors, then issue the SHUTDOWN ABORT command to shut down the database and correct the problem. ORA-00401: the value for parameter compatible is not supported by this release Solution: The COMPATIBLE initialization parameter is set to a value less than 10.0.0. ORA-39701: database must be mounted EXCLUSIVE for UPGRADE or DOWNGRADE Solution: The CLUSTER_DATABASE initialization parameter is set to TRUE instead of FALSE. ORA-39700: database must be opened with UPGRADE option Solution: The STARTUP command was issued without the UPGRADE keyword. ORA-00336: log file size xxxx blocks is less than minimum 8192 blocks Solution: A redo log file size is less than 4 MB:
If errors appear listing obsolete initialization parameters, then make a note of the obsolete initialization parameters and continue with the upgrade. Remove the obsolete initialization parameters the next time you shut down the database. • Sql> SPOOL upgrade.log • Run the Pre-Upgrade Information Tool by executing the utlu112i.sql script: Sql> @utlu112i.sql • Run the catupgrd.sql script: Sql> @catupgrd.sql Note: If you did not run the Pre-Upgrade Information Tool, the catupgrd.sql script terminates with one of the following errors: RA-00942: table or view does not exist ORA-00904: “TZ_VERSION”: invalid identifier ORA-01722: invalid number If you receive any of these errors, issue the SHUTDOWN ABORT statement, revert to the original Oracle home directory, and run the Pre-Upgrade Information Tool (utlu112i.sql) The catupgrd.sql script determines which upgrade scripts must be run, runs them, and then shuts down the database. You must run the script in the Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) environment. • Restart the instance to reinitialize the system parameters for normal operation. Sql> STARTUP This restart, following the database shutdown performed as part of the catupgrd.sql script, flushes all caches, clears buffers, and performs other housekeeping activities. These measures are an important final step to ensure the integrity and consistency of the newly upgraded Oracle Database software. Note: If you encountered a message listing obsolete initialization parameters when you started the database, then remove the obsolete initialization parameters from the parameter file before restarting. If necessary, convert the SPFILE to a PFILE so you can edit the file to delete parameters
• Run utlu112s.sql, the Post-Upgrade Status Tool, which provides a summary of the upgrade at the end of the spool log. You must run utlu112s.sql only immediately after running catupgrd.sql. Run utlu112s.sql to display the results of the upgrade as follows: Sql> @utlu112s.sql
If the Post-Upgrade Status Tool returns errors or shows components that are not VALID or not the most recent release, then see “Troubleshooting the Upgrade” for more information. • Run utlrp.sql to recompile any remaining stored PL/SQL and Java code. Sql> @utlrp.sql Verify that all expected packages and classes are valid: Sql> SELECT count(*) FROM dba_invalid_objects; Sql> SELECT distinct object_name FROM dba_invalid_objects; Note: If the pre-upgrade information tool detected INVALID objects and populated the registry$sys_inv_objs and registry$nonsys_inv_objs tables, then execute ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utluiobj.sql to display only those objects which are newly invalid because of the upgrade process. The utluiobj.sql script only displays objects that are now INVALID but which were VALID before the upgrade. • Exit SQL*Plus. Your database is now upgraded to the new Oracle Database 11g release. You are ready to complete the procedures described in Chapter 4, “After Upgrading to the New Release”. WARNING: If you retain the old Oracle software, then never start the upgraded database with the old software. Only start the database with the executables in the new Oracle Database installation. Also, before you remove the old Oracle environment, make sure you relocate any data files in that environment to the new Oracle Database environment. See the Oracle Database Administrator’s Guide for information about relocating data files. About the Post-Upgrade Status Tool The Post-Upgrade Status Tool, which is the utlu112s.sql script, displays the status of the
database components in the upgraded database and the time required to complete each component upgrade. Any errors that occur during the upgrade are listed with each component and must be addressed. The utlu112s.sql script must only be run immediately after catupgrd.sql The Post-Upgrade Status Tool displays a report similar to the following output: Oracle Database 11.2 Post-Upgrade Status Tool 10-18-2010 22:48:55 Component Status Version HH:MM:SS Oracle Server. VALID 11.2.0.2.0 00:17:31 JServer JAVA Virtual Machine. VALID 11.2.0.2.0 00:02:32 ————————– ————————– Oracle Application Express. VALID 3.2.1.00.12 00:23:25 Gathering Statistics. 00:05:12 Total Upgrade Time: 01:29:03 Note: Any time after utlrp.sql is run instead of using utl112s.sql to determine the STATUS of a component, run this query: SELECT COMP_NAME,VERSION,STATUS FROM DBA_REGISTRY; This will return the most up-to-date information. Troubleshooting the Upgrade: This section explains what to do if something goes wrong with your upgrade. This section contains the following topics: • Resource Limits • Edition Session Startup Error • Manual Workaround for ORA-01408 • Running the DBMS_DST Package After Upgrade Can Result in ORA-01822
• DBUA May Mark Invalid Components with an X Before Entire Upgrade is Done • Component Status • Rerunning the Upgrade • Cancelling the Upgrade Resource Limits If you run out of resources during the upgrade, then increase the resource allocation. After increasing the resource allocation, you should perform a SHUTDOWN ABORT and restart the instance (in UPGRADE mode) before rerunning the catupgrd.sql script or restarting DBUA. The resources that generally require increases for a new Oracle Database release are as follows: • SYSTEM and SYSAUX tablespaces Typically you receive one of the following messages during the upgrade if your SYSTEM tablespace size is insufficient: ORA-01650: unable to extend rollback segment string by string in tablespace string ORA-01651: unable to extend save undo segment by string for tablespace string ORA-01652: unable to extend temp segment by string in tablespace string ORA-01653: unable to extend table string.string by string in tablespace string ORA-01654: unable to extend index string.string by string in tablespace string ORA-01655: unable to extend cluster string.string by string in tablespace string To avoid these errors, set AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED for the SYSTEM and SYSAUX tablespaces. ORA-04031: unable to allocate string bytes of shared memory (“string”,”string”,”string”,”string”) You might require larger shared memory pool sizes in some cases. The error message indicates which shared memory initialization parameter must be increased. If you are using an undo tablespace, then be sure it is at least 400 MB.
Rerunning the Upgrade You can rerun the upgrade with the catupgrd.sql script as described in the following steps. To rerun the upgrade 1. Shut down the database as follows: 2. Sql> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE 3. Restart the database in UPGRADE mode: 4. Sql> STARTUP UPGRADE 5. Set the system to spool results to a log file for later verification of success: 6. Sql> SPOOL upgrade.log 7. Rerun catupgrd.sql: Sql> @catupgrd.sql Note: You can rerun the catupgrd.sql script as many times as necessary. The first time you run the script, there should be no error messages returned. If you rerun the script, then the ORA00001 message is displayed. You can safely ignore this message. Cancelling the Upgrade If you completed the steps in “Backing Up the Database” to back up your database, then the easiest way to cancel the upgrade is to restore that backup as described in the following procedure. To cancel the upgrade by restoring the previous backup Restore Usingin RMAN: 1. Log in to the system as the owner of the Oracle home directory of the previous release. 2. Sign on to RMAN: 3. rman “target / nocatalog” 4. Issue the following RMAN commands: 5. STARTUP NOMOUNT
RUN { RESTORE CONTROLFILE FROM ‘save_controlfile_location’; ALTER DATABASE MOUNT; RESTORE DATABASE FROM TAG before_upgrade ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS; } Restore Using Cold Backup: Copy database backup files to original location and database is restored. 2012-6 14 Step By Step Manual Oracle Database Upgrade to 11.2.0.2 Category: Databases | No Comments More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email Minimum Version of the database that can be directly upgraded to Oracle11g Release 2Source Database Target Database 9.2.0.8 or higher 11.2.x 10.1.0.5 or higher 11.2.x 10.2.0.2 or higher 11.2.x 11.1.0.6 or higher 11.2.x The following database version will require an indirect upgrade path. Source Database —> Upgrade Path for Target Database—>Target Database 7.3.3 (or lower)—–> 7.3.4 —> 9.2.0.8 —->11.2.x 8.0.5 (or lower)—-> 8.0.6 —> 9.2.0.8 —->11.2.x 8.1.7 (or lower)—-> 8.1.7.4—> 10.2.0.4—->11.2.x 9.0.1.3 (or lower)—-> 9.0.1.4– ->10.2.0.4—->11.2.x 9.2.0.7(or lower)—->9.2.0.8—->11.2.x
Here I am upgrading my Oracle 10.2.0.4 database to Oracle 11.2.0.2
1. Copy Pre upgrade Information gathering Script:
Log in to the system as the owner of the Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) Oracle home directory.
Copy the Pre-Upgrade Information Tool (utlu112i.sql) and utltzuv2.sql from the Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin directory to a directory outside of the Oracle home, such as the temporary directory on your system.
$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlu112i.sql 2. Execute Pre Upgrade Script:
Should be change to the directory where utlu112i.sql had been copied in the previous step.
Start SQL*Plus and connect to the database instance as a user with SYSDBA privileges. Then run and spool the utlu112i.sql file. Please note that the database should be started using the Source Oracle Home.
$ sqlplus ’/ as sysdba’ SQL> spool upgrade_info.log SQL> @utlu112i.sql SQL> spool off SQL> Check the spool file and examine the output of the upgrade information tool.3. Check for the integrity of the source database: Check for the integrity of the source database prior to starting the upgrade by downloading and running dbupgdiag.sql script from below My Oracle Support article Note 556610.1 Script to Collect DB Upgrade/Migrate Diagnostic Information (dbupgdiag.sql) (Avoid this step if don’t have support access)
If the dbupgdiag.sql script reports any invalid objects, run $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql (multiple times) to validate the invalid objects in the database, until there is no change in the number of invalid objects. $ cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin $ sqlplus ”/ as sysdba” SQL> @utlrp.sql After validating the invalid objects, re-run dbupgdiag.sql in the database once again and make sure that everything is fine. 4. Check that National Characterset: Check that National Characterset (NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET) is UTF8 and AL16UTF16.select value from NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS where parameter = ‘NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET’; If this is UTF8 or AL16UTF16 then no action is needed. If is not UTF8 or AL16UTF16 then refer the following article Note 276914.1 The National Character Set in Oracle 9i and 10g.
5. Optimizer Statistics: When upgrading to Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2), optimizer statistics are collected for dictionary tables that lack statistics. This statistics collection can be time consuming for databases with a large number of dictionary tables, but statistics gathering only occurs for those tables that lack statistics or are significantly changed during the upgrade
$ sqlplus ”/as sysdba”SQL> EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_DICTIONARY_STATS;
6.Ensure that no files need media recovery: Sql> SELECT * FROM v$recover_file;
7. Stop the listener for the database:
Make pfile from spfile;
$ lsnrctl stop
8. Suhtdown the Database: Shutdown the database.
$ sqlplus ”/as sysdba” SQL> shutdown immediate;
9. Back Up the Database:1- Perform Cold Backup (or) 2- Take a backup using RMAN
Connect to RMAN:rman ”target / nocatalog” RUN { ALLOCATE CHANNEL chan_name TYPE DISK; BACKUP DATABASE FORMAT ’%U’ TAG before_upgrade; BACKUP CURRENT CONTROLFILE TO ”; }
10 Backup and change pfile:
Make a backup of the init.ora file. Comment out obsolete parameters * The DIAGNOSTIC_DEST initialization parameter replaces the USER_DUMP_DEST, BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST.
Note: Once the Parameter file is modified as per your requirement, copy the file to $ORACLE_HOME/dbs (11g Oracle Home )
11 Set Environment Variables:
If your operating system is UNIX then complete this step, else skip to next Step.1. Make sure the following environment variables point to the Oracle 11g Release directories: - ORACLE_BASE - ORACLE_HOME - PATH $ export ORACLE_HOME= $ export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH $ export ORACLE_BASE= Note : If ORACLE_BASE is not known, after setting Path towards 11g Oracle Home, execute ‘orabase’, which will point the location of base. $ orabase /uo1/app/oracle
2. Update the oratab entry, to set the new ORACLE_HOME pointing towards ORCL and disable automatic startup
Sample /etc/oratab#orcl:/opt/oracle/product/10.2/db_1:N orcl:/opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1:N Note : After /etc/oratab is updated to have sid and Oracle Home (11.2), you can execute oraenv (/usr/local/bin/oraenv) and set the environment. The input has to be the sid which is entered in /etc/oratab against 11g home. for Instance,[oracle@localhost ~]$ . oraenv ORACLE_SID = [orcl] ? orcl
The Oracle base for ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1 is /u01/app/oracle [oracle@localhost ~]$
12 Upgrade Database: At the operating system prompt, change to the $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin directory of 11gR2 Oracle Home.
$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin $ sqlplus ”/ as sysdba” SQL> startup UPGRADE
Set the system to spool results to a log file for later verification after the upgrade is completed and start the upgrade script.
SQL> set echo on SQL> SPOOL upgrade.log SQL> @catupgrd.sql SQL> spool off These measures are an important final step to ensure the integrity and consistency of the newly upgraded Oracle Database software. Also, if you encountered a message listing obsolete initialization parameters when you started the database for upgrade, then remove the obsolete initialization parameters from the parameter file before restarting. If necessary, convert the SPFILE to a PFILE so you can edit the file to delete parameters.
Post Upgrade Steps
13 Post Upgrade: Start the database and run the Post-Upgrade Status Tool $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlu112s.sql which provides a summary of the upgrade at the
end of the spool log. It displays the status of the database components in the upgraded database and the time required to complete each component upgrade. Any errors that occur during the upgrade are listed with each component and must be addressed $ sqlplus ”/as sysdba” SQL> STARTUP SQL> @utlu112s.sql
14 Recompile Invalid Objects: This script can be run concurrently with utlrp.sql. Run utlrp.sql to recompile any remaining stored PL/SQL and Java code in another session. SQL> @utlrp.sql
15 Check for the integrity of the source database:
Check for the integrity of the upgraded database by running dbupgdiag.sql script from below Metalink article Note 556610.1 Script to Collect DB Upgrade/Migrate Diagnostic Information (dbupgdiag.sql) If the dbupgdiag.sql script reports any invalid objects, run $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql (multiple times) to validate the invalid objects in the database, until there is no change in the number of invalid objects.After validating the invalid objects, re-run dbupgdiag.sql in the upgraded database once again and make sure that everything is fine. 16 Configure & Start Listener.ora :Modify the listener.ora file: For the upgraded instance(s) modify the ORACLE_HOME parameter to point to the new ORACLE_HOME. Start the listener :
lsnrctl start
17 Crosscheck Environment Variables:
Set Environment Variables1. Make sure the following environment variables point to the Oracle 11g Release directories: - ORACLE_BASE - ORACLE_HOME - PATH Also check that your oratab file and any client scripts that set the value of ORACLE_HOME point to the Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) home. Note : If you are upgrading a cluster database, then perform these checks on all nodes in which this cluster database has instances configured. 2. Modify /etc/oratab entry to use automatic startup SID:ORACLE_HOME:YFor Instance, orcl:/opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1:Y
18 Spfile from Pfile: Edit init.ora:- If you changed the CLUSTER_DATABASE parameter prior the upgrade set it back to TRUE - Migrate your initialization parameter file to a server parameter file. Create a server parameter file with a initialization parameter file SQL> create spfile from pfile; This will create a spfile as a copy of the init.ora file located in $ORACLE_HOME/dbs (UNIX) & %ORACLE_HOME%database (Windows). 19 Start the Database with spfile: Shutdown the database: Sql> shutdown immediate Now start the database it will user spfile Sql> startup Check the Alert log file for any Error.
Database is ready to use now.
============================================================================== =========================================
Upgrading 10g to 11g R 2 with DBUA 1. Install Oracle 11gR2 software only (enterprise or standard to match the source db. This blog is on standard version. More on metalink note 870814.1). 2. In order to downgrade Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control after upgrading to the new Oracle Database 11g release save Database Control files and data before upgrade. The emdwgrd utility resides in the ORACLE_HOME/bin directory in the new Oracle Database 11g release. 3. Follow these steps to save your Database Control files and data: 1. Install the new Oracle Database 11g release. This step is not required for an inplace patchset upgrade. 2. Set ORACLE_HOME to your old Oracle home. This step is not required for an inplace patchset upgrade. 3. Set ORACLE_SID to the SID of the database being upgraded. 4. Set PATH, LD_LIBRARY_PATH, and SHLIB_PATH to point to the Oracle home from which the database is being upgraded. 5. Go to the Oracle home of the new Oracle Database 11g release.
6. Execute one of the following: if Single DB emdwgrd -save -sid old_SID -path save_directory for RAC setenv EM_REMCP /usr/bin/scp emdwgrd -save -cluster -sid old_SID -path save_directory If the release 10g Oracle home is on a shared device, add -shared to the previous command line. create a TNS name entry in the 10g Oracle Home (network/admin) with the same name as the SID before running the above command [oracle@server110 std]$ emdwgrd -save -sid std1 -path /home/oracle/emdu Enter sys password for database std1?
Mon Sep 14 19:14:24 2009 - Verify EM DB Control files ... pass Mon Sep 14 19:14:24 2009 - Validating DB Connection to std1 ... pass ENV var EM_REMCP not defined, check if rcp or scp is configured. RCP = /usr/bin/rcp -rp, REMSH = /usr/bin/rsh shared = 0 Mon Sep 14 19:14:28 2009 - Creating directory ... created Mon Sep 14 19:14:29 2009 - Stopping DB Control ... stopped Mon Sep 14 19:14:34 2009 - Saving DB Control files ... saved Mon Sep 14 19:14:50 2009 - Recompiling invalid objects ... recompiled Mon Sep 14 19:14:57 2009 - Exporting sysman schema for std1 ... exported
Mon Sep 14 19:15:56 2009 - DB Control was saved successfully. Mon Sep 14 19:15:56 2009 - Starting DB Control ... started Mon Sep 14 19:17:33 2009 - Dump directory was dropped successfully. 7. Copy the Pre-Upgrade Information Tool (utlu112i.sql) from the Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin directory to a directory outside of the Oracle home. 8. run above script and examin the output SQL> SPOOL upgrade_info.log SQL> @utlu112i.sql SQL> SPOOL OFF 9. Gather statistics on schemas instructed by utlu111i.sql EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_DICTIONARY_STATS; EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS(’user_name’); 10. Grant privileges revoked from public to resolve invalid objects 11. If the timezone warning is Database is using a timezone file older than version 11. then check the timezone with select * from v$timezone_file; if it is not 11 then to fix the problem use the DBMS_DST PL/SQL package and follow the instructions in “Steps to Upgrade Time Zone File and Timestamp with Time Zone Data” in Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide.
if the timezone warning is Database is using a timezone file greater than version 11. then before upgrading the database, patch the 11gR2 $ORACLE_HOME/oracore/zoneinfo/ with a timezone data file of the same version as the one used in the source release database. 12. Create a listener for the new 11g R2 Oracle home 13. Run DBUA from new 11g Home
14. set the compatible parameter. alter system set compatible='11.2.0.0.0' scope=spfile ; 15. To upgrade the timezone shutdown the database and start in upgrade mode startup upgrade; exec DBMS_DST.BEGIN_UPGRADE(11); After PL/SQL executes start the database in normal mode and truncate timezone trigger tables truncate table sys.dst$error_table; truncate table sys.dst$trigger_table;
VAR numfail number BEGIN DBMS_DST.UPGRADE_DATABASE(:numfail, parallel log_errors log_errors_table
=> TRUE, => TRUE, => 'SYS.DST$ERROR_TABLE',
log_triggers_table
=> 'SYS.DST$TRIGGER_TABLE',
error_on_overlap_time
=> TRUE,
error_on_nonexisting_time => TRUE); DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Failures:'|| :numfail); END; / after finishes BEGIN DBMS_DST.END_UPGRADE(:numfail); END; / 2012-6 14 SDM,JSPM AND VISUAL ADMIN, CONFIG TOOL in enterprise portal Category: SAP Portal | No Comments More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email We have many different tools (12 tools )available in Enterprise Portal. SDM, JSPM, Visual Admin tool, Config Tool are one of them.
SDM :- Software Deployment Manager is been replaced with JSPM tool for more intelligent work. It is a tool from where we can apply the support packages, but now it is outdated and we are using JSPM tool to deploy the support packages. For SDM tool we need to manually feed the support packages.
With SDM tool we can also undeploy the support packages. It is initialized with remotegui.bat (Windows) or remotegui.sh (Unix)
JSPM:- Java support package manager is initialized by go.bat (WIndows) or go.sh (Unix). It uses the SDM password. It is an intelligent tool it will check the patch levels at market place with the existing patch levels. it will read the SP’s from inbox automatically. we can even upgrade the kernel here.
Config tool : It is a configuration tool which works offline. it does not require java engine to be up and running to open. it is initialized by configtool.bat or configtool.sh it is used to configure the ldap to populate the user information. it is used to increase and decrease the server processes. it is used to change the password of superuser when all the users got locked.
Visual Admin Tool : It is online tool requires java engine to be start. remote login is possible with this tool. it is initialized by go.bat or go.sh Most of the parameters are dynamic and does not require restart of engine. it requires user id and password to login
2012-6
14 How to add a new Server Process to a Java Instance Category: SAP Portal | No Comments More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email A server process is added to scale up your Java Instance. In an ABAP+JAVA stack combined (java add-on to ABAP stack) installation, it is not possible to install java stack (individually, without ABAP stack) in any instance or in any host. So any additional instance of Java Stack can only be installed as an add-on to a fresh ABAP stack .i.e. both have to be installed together. For scaling up java stack a further server process can be added, BUT ABAP stack alone, without JAVA Addon, can be installed. Start the SAP‘s “Config Tool” Identify the instance where you have to add Current Instance -> Select the Option “Server” -> “Add”
2012-6 13 How to setup operation modes in SAP ? Category: SAP Admin | No Comments More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email
How to setup operation modes in SAP ?
This article answers the following queries :
What are operation modes and its advantages?
How to setup operation modes ?
How to configure operation modes to switch operation mode automatically ?
How to change workprocesses without restarting the SAP system ?
What are operation modes and its advantages
In SAP we have memory limitations. So, we cannot define very high number of dialog or background workprocesses. Usually in SAP system, dialog activity will be more during day time and batch activity will be more in the night time. Operation modes are a concept provided by SAP to take advantage of this fact. In SAP, we can define operation modes like day and night and configure more dialog workprocesses and less background workprocesses during day time and more background workprocesses and less dialog workprocesses during night time. We can define duration for day and night operation modes so that operation mode switch will happen at defined time and dialog workprocesses will be converted to background workprocesses in the night and vice versa and thus improves performance of the system.
Please note for this operation mode switch restart of the SAP system is not required and system automatically does this at the mentioned time.
How to setup operation modes ?
Goto RZ04 transaction code as shown in below screen.
Click on create button to create an operation mode. It prompts to enter the operation mode name and short description as shown below. Please provide the same
After providing the details and saving, you will get the below screen
Create one more operation mode for night. Please provide details same for day and click on save to confirm
It leads to the below screen. Here we can view 2 operation modes day and night which we have created
Now Click Instances/Operation Modes. Another screen will be displayed.
Navigate to Settings ->Based on Current status -> New Instances -> Generate
as shown below and click generate.
After that profile will get generated as shown below
Place the cursor on respective operation mode and double click to get the work process distribution screen. In the below screen, work process distribution of day operation mode is shown :
Similarly doubleclick night operation mode to view workprocess distribution of it.
In the above screen of night operation mode there are 10 dialog and 3 background workprocesses. Incase you would like to change keep the cursor in the respective box and click plus or minus button in the screen to change workprocesses accordingly.
In the below screen, background processes are increased to 6 by keeping cursor on the text box and pressing plus button thrice. So accordingly dialog workprocesses gets reduced from existing 10 to 7 to maintain total of 13 workprocesses overall.
Please find below workprocess distribution after the changes done
To maintain operation mode switch timings, goto transaction SM63 as shown below and select normal operation (24hr) mode
Click on change button in the above screen to goto below screen.
In the below screen set the operation mode intervals for day and night.
First let us set for day operation mode by clicking on the start time of the day interval and then navigating to Operation mode -> Select interval. Then start interval is marked. After this place cursor at the end interval and again navigate to Operation mode -> Select interval and confirm to mark the entire interval of day operation mode
In the above screen, you can figure the interval marked is highlighted in different colour. Now assign operation mode as below for the highlighted area by clicking on assign button in the below screen
Then as shown below day operation mode is assigned to the selected area
Similarly repeat the same process for Night operation mode and select the interval, assign the operation mode and save as per below screenshots.
So, now day operation mode is set form 8am to 8pm and other interval is set for night operation mode as shown below
This completes the operation mode creation, workprocess allocation and configuring operation mode switch. 2012-6 13
How to configure Early Watch Alert report Category: SAP Solman | No Comments More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on linkedinShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on email To configure Early watch alert some specific settings to be done at managing system (Solution manager system) and satellite system( or managed system – for which EWA report to be generated) Following are the steps to configure EWA in a satellite system :
1) Check whether latest versions of ST-A, ST-PI, ST-A/PI packages are installed in the managed/satellite system (This check can be done going to system->status -> Component information display in any sap screen)
2) If they are installed, run RTCCTOOL report from SE38 transaction code of satellite system.
Check the output of the report. If there are some errors or warnings in the output of the report, please take corrective actions and run the report again and ensure there are no errors
3)
Setup RFC connection between your satellite system and the solution manager system
An RFC connection can be made between 2 systems using Transaction code SM59 4)
Setup RFC connection between your solution manager and the SAP service market place
5)
Assign the solution monitoring roles to the users
6)
Setup your satellite system in a solution landscape of the solution manager(SMSY)
7) Make sure SLD is configured and working fine for satellite system (using Rz70 and SLDCHECK transactions)
8) Activation of SDCCN in satellite system (Goto SDCCN transaction. Then click on Utilities > Activate) then confirm for SDCC_OSS destination creation
9) In satellite system, goto SDCCN transaction and navigate to Goto -> Settings -> Task specific. In the resulted screen, select RFC destination and provide the solution manager RFC from the satellite system and set solution manager RFC as the master system.
10) Addition of satellite system in solution manager system in SDCCN :
Goto SMSY transaction in solman system and then navigate to Environment -> Solution Manager Operations -> Adminstration SDCCN to add the new service data control centre to the solution manager.
Click on add system button to add the new SDCC to the solution manager. When prompted, please select the respective system and client from the resulting screen and confirm
11) Early watch service session activation for satellite system:
In the solution manager system, execute transaction code solution_manager and navigate to operations -> Earlywatch Alert and press create button. This prompts you to confirm the date and time to run the report. Please provide the details and confirm to trigger the generation of the report
12) Login to satellite system, goto transaction code SDCCN and press create button which displays a screen to select a task to be executed. Select request session data task and click continue. You will be prompted to enter the schedule time to run the report. Click now to execute it immediately. After that you can see an early watch session running in SDCCN.
13) After completion of this session run successfully, an Earlywatch Alert will be generated and this can be viewed in Solution_manager of Solution manager system. « Older Entries Newer Entries »
2013-01-21 06:25 IST: 2013-01-21 11:55
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