This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. Symbol Legend: ¬ Press Enter System ID lower case System ID upper case
How do I....? Backups ....what do I need to backup? ....how often do I need to backup? ....what are my backup options?
Client Tasks ....add a client? ....add a logical system ID to be assigned to a client? ....change a client? ....copy one client to another in the same R/3 system? ....copy one client to another in different R/3 systems? ....copy only user master data from one client to another? ....delete a client? ....lock a client so configuration changes cannot be made? ....verify that a client copy ran successfully? ....view all past client copies for a client?
Communications Tasks ....add a RFC connection? ....delete a RFC connection? ....modify a RFC connection? ....verify one R/3 system is talking to another?
Database Tasks ....perform Database Stats, Check Database, and Backup Jobs – MS SQL Server? ....perform Database Stats, Check Database, and Backup Jobs – Oracle?
Job Tasks ....change the start time/date for a scheduled job? ....clean out old job logs? ....delete a scheduled job? ....delete a running job? ....schedule a new job to run? ....verify that a job has run successfully?
Printer Tasks ....add a printer? ....create a new Frontend aka Local aka Desktop Printer? ....reprint a document that has already printed? ....reroute a printer output request? ....reset the cache for a printer? ....view a list of all printer output requests?
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. ....view a list of the output requests for one printer only?
Security Tasks ....attach a role to a user? ....attach a user to a role? ....copy an existing role to a new role? ....create a user role? ....delete a user role? ....grant a transaction to a user? ....modify a user role? ....move roles from one client to another? ....revoke an authorization from a user? ....revoke a transaction from a user?
Support Package and Binary Patch Tasks ....apply a SPAM/SAINT update? ....apply kernel patches? ....apply other SAP binary patches? ....apply support packages? ....check for New SPAM Updates, Support Packages and Kernel Patches? ....download a kernel patch from SAP Marketplace? ....download a SPAM/SAINT Update? ....download a support package from SAP Marketplace? ....download other SAP binary patches? ....find your Current SPAM Update and Support Package Level ....know when SAP releases new fixes for our SAP software? ....ready a kernel patch for application? ....find SAP’s most current patches? ....find your Current Kernel Patch Level? ....find your Current SPAM Update and Support Package Level? ....know when SAP releases new fixes for our SAP software? ....ready a kernel patch for application? ....ready a SPAM/SAINT update or Support Package for application? ....ready other SAP binary patches for application?
System Tasks ....add a system parameter? ....apply a SAP (OSS) note? ....check that the system parameters are valid? ....delete a system parameter? ....generate a developer’s key for a programmer? ....generate an object key to change a SAP-owned object? ....how do I make server files viewable from SAP? ....keep all users out of a transaction? ....modify a system parameter? ....open a service connection for SAP to come into my system? ....reclaim system space from obsolete temporary objects? ....recompile all ABAP programs in a R/3 system? ....send a message to all connected users? ....send a message to one connected user? ....start R/3? ....start saprouter (OSS Link)? ....start the OS collector? ....stop a SAP work process? ....stop R/3? ....stop saprouter?
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. ....stop the OS collector? ....stop the R/3 subsystem? ....verify that our link to SAP is up? ....verify that R/3 is up? ....verify the status of saprouter? ....view a short dump received by a user? ....view all processes currently running? ....view all system locks? ....view all table locks? ....view all update locks?
Transport Tasks ....add a change request to a transport queue? ....add a new SAP Instance to an Existing TMS Domain? ....automate the Transport Process? ....configure TMS – Transport Management System – for the First Time? ....configure TMS to Use SAP's Quality Assurance Functionality? ....re-Transport One or Several Change Requests at Once? ....transport a change from one R/3 system to another? ....transport several change requests at once? ....verify that the transport system is up and running? ....view a history of what changes have been transported? ....use Target Groups to Transport to Mulitple Clients to Different Instances?
User Tasks ....add a user? ....add an ITS user? ....change a user’s password? ....change several users at once? ....copy an existing user to a new user? ....delete a user? ....delete an ITS user? ....drop a connected user? ....get a list of all users in a client? ....lock a user? ....lock all users at once? ....modify a user? ....modify an ITS user? ....produce various user reports? ....start an audit trace for a specific user? ....view a list of all users currently connected?
Web and Internet Tasks ....start and stop the SAP IGS Server?
Working with the SAP Marketplace ....apply a SAP License Key the new way? ....apply a SAP License Key the old way? ....check the status of a request License Key? ....find your Hardware Key? ....generate a Developer’s Key for a Programmer? ....generate an Object Key for a Programmer? ....open a Problem via SAP Marketplace? ....open a Service Connection for SAP Support to allow SAP access? ....request a new License Key?
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. ....request a SAP Marketplace User ID aka “S” Number aka OSS User ID?
What do I do if.... ....my SAP instance won’t start? ....my SAPGui session won’t start? ....users say response is slow? ....I make user changes in the CUA Parent but they don’t show in QAS or PRD? ....a printer has stopped printing? ....I need to apply patches to my SAP instance? ....a support package was applied and now every time a user moves from one screen to another they get a “compiling” message? ....I downloaded a kernel patch. Now what? ....users are getting errors via the Internet when displaying pictures? ....the development staff says that the IGS server is down? ....a user is receiving multiple X_MESSAGE errors, partial SAPGui screens, SAPLPAD errors when printing, or other Seemingly SAPGui related errors. What do I do? ....how to find important pages in the SAP Marketplace?
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. System Tasks Starting the SAP Instance The normal SAP instance start up consists of three parts: starting the SAP OS Collector, starting the Oracle Listener, and starting the SAP instance. The process mainly goes like this: ora logs on and starts the Oracle Listener then adm logs on and runs the startsap script. What?
You say we missed a step?
What happened to the SAP OS Collector?
The startsap script takes care of the SAP OS Collector for us. When the SAP Instance starts up via the startsap script, it checks to see if saposcol is up and running – whether from the root user starting it manually or from another SAP Instance already starting it up, it doesn’t matter. If saposcol is up and running, the script simply moves on to the next step. If it is not, the script starts saposcol as root and then proceeds. So the SAP OS Collector gets handled one way or another. Even if you have multiple SAP instances on a server, the process is pretty much the same unless the Oracle databases were installed using the MCOD installation option. Then only one Oracle Listener is used since both databases share one Oracle listening port which is normally 1527. Normally each SAP database – ie SAP instance - has it’s own listener. Enough talk, here is how to start a SAP instance. 1. 2. 3.
Verify that the SAP instance is down. Log on to the appropriate server as ora. Type in the following: lsnrctl start¬
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Log on to the same server as adm. Type in the following – the saposcol will come up automatically: startsap¬ If you only need to start the database and not the SAP instance too, type instead: startsap DB¬
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And do not do the rest of the start up procedures listed below, you can stop now. Wait until the startup messages have scrolled by. There may be other minor programs that start at the time as well. If you try to logon and are refused connection, check the logs in the /home/adm for applicable errors.
Return to Index... Verifying that the SAP Instance is up The easiest way to confirm that the SAP instance has started successfully is to log on to the instance. If it has not had a successful start up, look at the logs in the /home/adm directory. Sort them witj “ls – ltr” is see the list sorted in descending order for the ease of viewing.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. If nothing obvious is found, go to the /usr/sap//DVEBMGS00/work directory and do the same thing in this directory. The most useful information can be found in the dev_wx, dev_ms, dev_disp, dev_rfcx, and stderrx files. If you need further assistance, please refer to the section SAP System Start Up Troubleshooting. Return to Index... Stopping the SAP Instance The stopping of a SAP instance is practically the reversal of the start up Process; stop the SAP instance, stop the Oracle Listener, and stop the SAP OS Collector. The only real difference is that the stopsap script will NOT stop the SAP OS Collector for you, you have to stop that manually once everything else it down. There could be other SAP instances still running so the OS Collector needs to continue to gather information. 1. 2.
Log on to the appropriate server as adm. Type in the following: stopsap¬ If you only need to stop the SAP instance and not the database too, type instead: stopsap R3¬
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And do not do the rest of the start up procedures listed below, you can stop now. Log on to the same server as ora. Type in the following: lsnrctl stop¬
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Log on to the same server as root. Type in the following: cd /usr/sap//SYS/exe/run¬ ./saposcol -k¬
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Log off the server.
Return to Index... Starting the SAP OS Collector 1. 2.
Log on to the appropriate server as adm. Type in the following: cd /usr/sap//SYS/exe/run¬ ./saposcol¬
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Log off the server.
Return to Index...
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. Stopping the SAP OS Collector 1. 2.
Log on to the appropriate server as adm. Type in the following: cd /usr/sap//SYS/exe/run¬ ./saposcol -k¬
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Log off the server.
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Backups Your Company’s Take on Backups Backup and recovery for a SAP instance is best handled along with the other backup and recovery needs of your company’s computer systems. But for those company’s who do not yet possess a solid backup and recovery solution, or who simply want to segragate the SAP landscape from all other internal IT solutions, here are a few things you need to know. Online versus offline, high availability, frequency, are all decisions your IT staff need to make based on their history with similar procedures at your company, the recommendations of SAP, and the guidance of your implementation Basis consultant. Enforced backups, and detailed and tested recovery procedures should be part of any Disaster Recovery plan, and a documented part of any SAP implementation project. If your company falls into the latter category, SAP does supply tools for your uses which can be used in either line command form or from within the SAP instance. If you SAP server contains a tape drive or has access to the network tape unit, transaction DB13 can be used to schedule periodic backups. This is the same transaction where weekly statistics, log cleanup, and database verification jobs are scheduled in the post-installation work after installation of a new SAP instance. DB13 scheduled BRCONNECT runs which can also be CRONed in command line form by the IT staff. For more information, please see the SAP Online Documentation for DB13 by going to the DB13 transaction and clicking Help -> Application Help or referring to the section Creating Database Statistics, Index Rebuilds, and Log Backup Jobs – Oracle. More information regarding BRCONNECT can be found in the SAP BRCONNECT Guide which can be found at http://service.sap.com/instguides. Return to Index... What Needs to Be Backed Up? The PRD Instance Daily backup should be made for these SAP specific directories: /usr/sap/ /sapmnt/ /usr/sap/trans on the TMS Domain Controller Server Any directories containing flat files that are used by the SAP instance Daily backups should be made for these Oracle specific directories:
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. /oracle Directory holding redo logs if not in the /oracle structure Weekly backup should be made for these OS specific directories: Root /etc /dev For Oracle, the entire /oracle directory should be backed up daily if there is only one Oracle Instance on the server, and each separate /oracle/ directory if there is more than one instance on the server. It is also recommended that a full offline image of the entire server be made before the monthly closing cycle. The DEV and QAS Instances Weekly backup should be made for these SAP specific directories: /usr/sap/ /sapmnt/ Any directories containing flat files that are used by the SAP instance Weekly backups should be made for these Oracle specific directories: /oracle Directory holding redo logs if not in the /oracle structure Monthly backup should be made for these OS specific directories: Root /etc /dev For Oracle, the entire /oracle directory should be backed up daily if there is only one Oracle Instance on the server, and each separate /oracle/ directory if there is more than one instance on the server. It is also recommended that a full offline image of the entire server be made at the same time every month. Return to Index...
Working with saprouter Starting saprouter (OSS Link) 1. 2. 3. 4.
Log on to the appropriate server as adm. Click Start → Administrative Tools → Services to open a Services window. Right-click on the SAPROUTER service and click Start. You may now log off the server.
Return to Index... Verifying the Status of saprouter
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. If you have previously successfully established SAPNet (OSS) communications with SAP via saprouter in the past, there can only be three reasons for a “broken” SAPNet connection to SAP: the SAP VPN is down (which rarely happens); your saprouter configuration has been incorrectly changed (also very rare); or your saprouter is not running (happens all the time). 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to the appropriate server as adm. Click Start → Administrative Tools → Services to open a Services window. Look at the SAPROUTER service. If is not started, right-click to start the service. If it is started, right-click & Stop the service and then rightclick & Start the service. This should “bounce” your saprouter instance. You may now log off the server.
Return to Index... Stopping saprouter 1. 2. 3. 4.
Log on to the appropriate server as adm. Click Start → Administrative Tools → Services to open a Services window. Right-click on the SAPROUTER service and click Stop. You may now log off the server.
Return to Index...
Applying a SAP Note Not all SAP Notes can be applied via the SNOTE transaction. Some are information only, providing no code corrections. Others entail corrections that can only be done manually. This latter type of SAP Note should be applied to your SAP system in conjunction with a trained ABAP programmer. Also, SAP recommends that SNOTE change requests NOT be transported into other systems. Use the SNOTE transaction in each SAP system that needs the correction, and delete the generated change requests since they should never be transported and could lock resources during application of other SAP Notes and support package application. If you do not have a working OSS connection, you can download an OSS note from the SAP Marketplace using the SAP Download Manager and use the upload feature in SNOTE to load it into the SAP instance instead. 1. 2. 3. 4.
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Log on to client 000 in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SNOTE. On the Note Assistant - Version XXX/XXXX: Worklist screen, on the top-most menu bar click Goto → SAP Note download. On the Note Assistant: Download Note popup, type the number of the SAP note in the Note number box and click the clock picture-icon. A SAP Note XXXXXX is being downloaded message will appear in the bottom status bar. If you get a communications error message, verify that saprouter is up and try again. Once the SAP Note has been downloaded, it will appear on the Assistant Version XXX/XXXX: Worklist screen under the SAP Notes → New navigation tree. The SAP Note can only be applied if there is a blue box with a black arrow to the left of the note number. If there is a gray diamond instead, the downloaded note cannot be applied or is not application for this SAP system. To apply the SAP Note, on the Note Assistant - Version XXX/XXXX: Worklist screen double click on the downloaded SAP Note number. On the Note Assistant – Display Note XXXXXX screen, read the note text to see if there are any necessary manual tasks to be performed after the note
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 8.
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is applied. When you are ready to apply the note, click on the clock picture-icon. If there are any prerequisite SAP Notes which need to be applied to the SAP system before the downloaded SAP Note can be applied, a list will appear in a Load the following notes into your SAP system popup will appear. Click the clock picture-icon to download these prerequisite SAP Notes as well. If any of the prerequisite SAP Notes must be applied in parallel with the original downloaded SAP Note, a list will appear in a SAP Note queue to be Imported popup. Click the clock picture-icon to apply all the listed SAP Notes. Before applying any SAP Notes to your SAP system, a Confirmation: SAP Note read popup will appear. Once you have read the information contained in this popup, click the Yes button. A standard Make repairs in foreign namespaces... popup will appear. Click the green √ to continue. On the Prompt for transportable Workbench request popup, click the blank page picture-icon to create a new change request. On the Create Request popup, fill in the Short description and click the Save picture-icon. You will be returned to the Prompt for transportable Workbench request popup which contains the generated change request number for this system change. Click the green √ to continue. On the Confirm changes popup, click the green √ to continue. After the SAP Note has been applied to the SAP system, you will be returned to the Note Assistant - Version XXX/XXXX: Worklist screen. There is no completion message. Click the green √ and pencil picture-icon. On the Set Processing Status for Note XXXXXX popup, click on the Completed line to turn “on” the radio button. Click the green √. You can now leave the SNOTE transaction. Modified programs, functions, etc. may require recompilation. If the OSS note you applied changed a ABAP program, you must go to the SE38 transaction and manually recompile the program. If it changed a function, go to transaction SE37 and click the Single Test button – this is enough to force the function to rebuild and you can back out of the SE37 transaction.
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Working with the SAP Marketplace When a SAP instance is first installed, it comes with an automatical four week license. But you can’t install any kind of SSCR key on a termporary instance, so it is best to get the permanent license key immediately. The license key request process has been drastically overhauled by SAP over the past. Normally, if you request a new SAP license key, the information will be emailed to you in the form of a script. But in case you don’t receive this e-mail promptly, it is important to know how to obtain the newly generated key “the oldfashioned way”. Finding your Hardware Key 1. 2.
Log on to the server containing the new SAP system as adm. Type the following, pressing enter when you are done: saplicense -get
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You will see a line reading “saplicense: HARDWARE KEY = XXXXXXXXXXXXXX”. Make note of this information before pressing Enter. You may now log off the server.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. Return to Index... Alternative Method for Finding your Hardware Key 1. 2. 3. 4.
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Log on to client 000 of the newly installed SAP system. Go to transaction SLICENSE. From the top-most menu bar of the SAP License Administration screen, click Goto → Get hardware key. On the Determine Remote Hardware Key popup, find the host name or IP address for the new SAP system server. Click the button to the left of this entry to high-bright the line. Click the Detrmne button to continue. The hardware key will appear in the box to the right of the Detrmne button. You may now leave the SLICENSE transaction.
Return to Index... Requesting a New SAP License Key 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
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Log on to the SAP Marketplace using an OSS ID with Administration rights – http://service.sap.com/licensekey. In the navigator tree on the right-hand side of the License Keys screen, click on mySAP Business Suite. On the License keys for mySAP Business Suite screen, click on the Request license key hyperlink. On the License key: Request screen, click the correct Installation hyperlink the mySAP Business Suite component. On the License key request: System overview screen, click the New system button. On the License key: Request for a new system screen, fill in the required information in the System section. In the License request section, fill in the Hardware key box right above the Save New Item button. After you have supplied the hardware key, click the Save New Item button. The license key request will be shifted up to the first line of the License request list. Click on the □ to the left of the license request to place a √ in the box. Now you are finally ready to click the Send Request button. You may now close your web browser session.
Return to Index... Checking the Status of a Requested SAP License Key 1. 2. 3. 4.
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Log on to the SAP Marketplace using an OSS ID with Administration rights – http://service.sap.com/licensekey. In the navigator tree on the right-hand side of the License Keys screen, click on mySAP Business Suite. On the License keys for mySAP Business Suite screen, click on the Display license keys requested by me hyperlink. On the License key: request screen, look for your requested key. It should appear with the you provided during the request process. If the Status shows as Sent to SAP, the license key has not yet been generated. If the Status shows as Completed, your new license key has been generated and you can click on the System hyperlink to continue. On the License key: request screen, scroll down until you can see the License request section. Under the License key header you will see you new SAP system license key. Write this key down and remember that it is case sensitive. Or you can cut-and-paste it to a more convenient storage location.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 6.
You may now close your web browser session.
Return to Index... Applying a SAP License Key the Old Way 1.
Log on to the server that contains the new SAP system as adm. saplicense -install
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You will be prompted license, and the new data. Once the new license applied message. If it somewhere on your license as well:
for the , hardware key, expiration date of the new license. Press Enter after the entry of each piece of key has been accepted, you will received a License key you have the TXT file SAP e-mailed you, you can place server and use the following syntax to install the
saplicense –install ifile=¬ 4.
You may now log off the server.
Return to Index... Applying a SAP License Key the New Way 1. 2. 3. 4.
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Log on to client 000 in the SAP system in which the new license key is to be installed. Go to transaction SLICENSE. From the top-most menu bar on the SAP License Administration screen, click Edit → Install license. On the Install New License popup, fill in the new license key you obtained from SAP. Click network picture-icon to finish the new license installation. You will receive a License key successfully installed message. You may now leave the SLICENSE transaction.
Return to Index... Generating a Developer’s Key for a Programmer 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to the SAP Marketplace using an OSS ID with Administration rights – http://service.sap.com/sscr. In the navigator tree on the right-hand side of the SSCR screen, click on Registration. On the SSCR – Registration screen, click the Register developer radio button and click an Installation hyperlink. Make sure you select the correct Installation Number for the SAP “flavor” you need or the generated key will not work. On the SSCR – Register Developer screen, type in the developer’s SAP user ID and click the Register button. A new Details section will appear. Note the generated developer’s key or cut-and-paste for other storage. You may now close your web browser session.
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This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. Generating an Object Key to Change a SAP-owned Object Log on to the SAP Marketplace using an OSS ID with Administration rights – http://service.sap.com/sscr. In the navigator tree on the right-hand side of the SSCR screen, click on Registration. On the SSCR – Registration screen, click the Register object radio button and click an Installation hyperlink. Make sure you use the MS SQL installation and not R/3. On the SSCR – Register Object screen, fill in the information necessary to generate an object key. If you need help, this information is contained in the Register Object popup the programmer received on his workstation. Or, if this is a repair, the information can be found in the SAP Note containing the advanced correction. Click the Register button once all information has been enter. A new Details section will appear. Note the generated object key or cutand-paste for other storage. You may now close your web browser session.
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Return to Index... Opening a Service Connection for SAP Support Before opening a service connection for SAP, be sure that the SAPAG client has been added to the appropriate SAP system and Client, and that a Security Audit Trace has been activated for the SAPAG ID. Before a Service Connection to a SAP server via your saprouter can be created, the saprouter must run the LOP – Line Opener Program – to initiate the mode of SAP connection. Please LOPInstalltion.exe on your saprouter server before trying to add and open any Service Connections. Log on to the SAP Marketplace using an OSS ID with Administration rights – http://service.sap.com/serviceconnection. On the Service Connections screen, click the Service Connections button. On the Service Connections – Overview screen, scroll down the page and find the SAP instance you want to open. Click on the red X in that instance’s line. In the Enter Data for the system’s semi-automatic opening popup, set the days, hours, and minutes you want the service connection to stay open. Click the Continue button.
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This part is being rewritten to meet the new SAP procedures. Return to Index... Problem Logging with SAP Support Reporting a Problem to SAP 1. 2. 3. 4.
Log on to the SAP Marketplace using an OSS ID with Administration rights – http://service.sap.com/message. On the Create Customer Messages screen, click on the Start Message Wizard button. On the Customer messages – Create screen, click the Select a System button. On the System Selection popup, click on the + sign next to Show systems to see a list of your SAP systems registered with SAP. From the expanded list
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission.
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of system, click on the radio button just left of the for which you are reporting the problem. Click the Choose button and you will be returned to the Customer messages – Create screen. On the Customer messages – Create screen, click on the radio button to the left of the System type which has the problem: development system, test system, or production system. From the Release dropdown, select the appropriate SAP software release. Click the Continue hyperlink. On the next Customer messages – Create screen, scroll down to the bottom of the screen. If the problem involves an add-on, select the appropriate Addon and Add-on release from the dropdowns; if an add-on is not involved, leave these dropdowns blank. Verify that the information showing in the Oper. System, Database, and Frontend dropdowns is correct. If it is not correct, selection your SAP system’s information from the appropriate dropdowns. Click the Continue hyperlink. On the next Customer messages – Create screen, scroll down to the bottom of the screen. From the Priority dropdown, select the appropriate priority of Low, Medium, High, or Very High. From the Component dropdown, select which SAP component is having the problem. Once you select a component, a secondary Component dropdown will appear. Select a secondary component and a third component as well. Do the best you can to make all three component pieces fit your problem as closely as possible. Click the Continue hyperlink. On the next Customer messages – Create screen, scroll down to the bottom of the screen. Select a language from the Language dropdown, type a short but descriptive summary of your problem in the Short description box, and type a more detailed description of your problem in the Long test box. If there are logs or other files which might assist SAP in resolving the issue, rename them all so that they have a suffix of “.log” and use the Add attachment hyperlink and the Attachments popup to attach them to the message. After attaching all the necessary files, click the Close hyperlink to return to the Customer messages – Create screen. When you have provided as much information as possible, click the Send to SAP hyperlink. You will receive a confirmation screen with a generation problem number. Write this problem number down for later use. You may now leave the Message Wizard and close the web browser window.
Return to Index... Checking the Status of a Reported Problem 1. 2. 3.
Log on to the SAP Marketplace using an OSS ID with Administration rights – http://service.sap.com/message. Click on Customer Messages. All the open OSS problems you have sent to SAP will appear here. You may now leave the Message Wizard and close the web browser window.
Return to Index... Creating, Modifying, Deleting, Transporting, and Resetting Print Devices Creating a Print Device 1. 2. 3.
Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SPAD. On the Spool Administration: Initial Screen screen, under the Devices/servers tab click the Output devices button.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 4.
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On the Spool Administration: List of Output Devices screen, click the pencil picture-icon to switch into change mode. The easiest way to create a new printer is to copy an existing one. Click on a similar printer in the output devices screen then click the create with template picture-icon. On the Spool Administration: Create Output Device screen, fill in the Output device and Short name. Make any changes that are unique for the new printer on the Device Attributes and Host Spool Acc Method tabs. When all the required data has been changed/added, click the Save picture-icon. You will receive an Output device was saved message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. Click the lit match picture-icon to activate the printer. You may now leave the SPAD transaction.
Return to Index... Modifying a Print Device 1. 2. 3. 4.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SPAD. On the Spool Administration: Initial Screen screen, under the Devices/servers tab click the Output devices button. On the Spool Administration: List of Output Devices screen, click the pencil picture-icon to switch into change mode. Double click on the output device to be changed. On the Spool Administration: Output Device (Change) screen, make any necessary changes on the Device Attributes and Host Spool Acc Method tabs. When all the required data has been changed/added, click the Save pictureicon. You will receive an Output device was saved message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. Click the lit match picture-icon to activate the printer. You may now leave the SPAD transaction.
Return to Index... Deleting a Print Device 1. 2. 3. 4.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SPAD. On the Spool Administration: Initial Screen screen, under the Devices/servers tab click the Output devices button. On the Spool Administration: List of Output Devices screen, click the pencil picture-icon to switch into change mode. Click on the output device to be deleted and then click the trash can picture-icon. On the Spool admin.: Delete screen, verify that the correct printer is about to be deleted. Click the Yes button. You will receive an Output device deleted message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. You may now leave the SPAD transaction.
Return to Index... Transporting a Printer or a Group of Printers 1. 2.
Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SPAD.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
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On the Spool Administration: Initial Screen screen, under the Devices/servers tab click the Output devices button. On the Spool Administration: List of Output Devices screen, click the pencil picture-icon to switch into change mode. Click on an output device to be transported and then click the truck picture-icon. On the Spool Administration: List of Output Devices (Change) popup, click the green √ picture-icon. On the Prompt for Workbench request popup, click the blank page picture-icon to create a new change request. On the Create Request popup, fill in the Short description and click the Save picture-icon. You will be returned to the Prompt for transportable Workbench request popup which contains the generated change request number for this system change. Click the green √ to continue. You will receive an Entry is made in transport request message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. Repeat steps 11 through 14 as many times as necessary, using the same transport request for all printers. You may now leave the SPAD transaction.
Return to Index... Resetting the Cache for a Printer If resetting the printer cache does not clear your printing problem, try using some a non-SAP application to print to it to see if it working correctly on the network. This should at least narrow down the possibilities. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SPAD. On the Spool Administration: Initial Screen screen, under the Devices/servers tab click the Output devices button. On the Spool Administration: List of Output Devices screen, double click on the printer you need to reset. On the Spool Administration: Output Device (Display) screen, click on the pencil picture-icon to switch from display mode to change mode. On the Administration: Output Device (Change) screen, on the top-most menu bar click Edit → Reactivate. On the same Administration: Output Device (Display) screen, on the top-most menu bar click Edit → Reset Cache. On the same Administration: Output Device (Display) screen, on the top-most menu bar click Edit → NI Reset. You may now leave the SPAD transaction.
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Printer Output Creating a Local aka Frontend Printer aka Desktop Printer Local or frontend printing is sometimes confusing in concept but actually very easy to understand. As a rule, local printer is simply another way of saying that the user is going to print to the default printer designated on his/her workstation. You probably do this all the time with Windows to printer spreadsheets, Word documents, etc without thinking about it. You can do the same thing using SAP. 1.
Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Go to transaction SPAD. On the Spool Administration: Initial Screen screen, click the Output Devices button. On the Spool Administration: List of Output Devices screen, click the Change button and then the Create button. On the Spool Administration: Create Output Device screen, fill in the Output Name and Short name - I normally use a short name of “DESK” for “Desktop Printing” but alot of people use a Short name “SWIN” or “LOCL” as well. Use the following DeviceAttributes fields: Device type = SWIN Device Class = standard printer And the following Access Method fields: Host spool access method = F: Printing on frontend computer Host printer = __DEFAULT. That is _ _ D E F A U L T
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Save the printer. You may now leave the SPAD transaction.
Using this printer will cause print to go to SAPLPD which will use the default printer of the current workstation. Return to Index... Viewing a List of Pending Printer Output Requests for All Printers 1. 2. 3. 4.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SP01. On the Output Controller: Spool request selection Screen screen, click on the Output requests tab. On the Output Controller: Output request selection Screen screen, fill in any information needed to filter the selection results. Then click on the clock picture-icon. A list of all pending output requests will be displayed. You may now leave the SP01 transaction.
Return to Index... Viewing a List of Output Requests for a Specific Printer 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SPAD. On the Spool Administration: Initial Screen screen, under the Devices/servers tab click the Output devices button. On the Spool Administration: List of Output Devices screen, click on the printer where you need to check the output requests. Then click on the printer and page picture-icon. A list of all pending output requests for the selected printer will be displayed. You may now leave the SPAD transaction.
Return to Index... Reprinting a Document
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SP01. On the Output Controller: Spool request selection Screen screen, fill in any information needed to filter the selection results. Then click on the clock picture-icon. A list of all spool requests will be displayed. Double click on the spool request that is to be reprinted. Click on the printer picture-icon. An Output request created message should appear in the bottom status bar. You may now leave the SP01 transaction.
Return to Index... Re-routing Print to a Different Printer 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SP01. On the Output Controller: Spool request selection Screen screen, fill in any information needed to filter the selection results. Then click on the clock picture-icon. A list of all spool requests will be displayed. Double click on the spool request that is to be reprinted. Click on the printer with a box outline picture-icon. On the Output controller: Print spool request XXXX screen, tab down to the line reading Output device and select a new printer. Click on the printer picture-icon. On the Output control: Save attributes popup, click the Yes button. On the Confirm redirection of output popup, click the Yes button. An Output request created message should appear in the bottom status bar. You may now leave the SP01 transaction.
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Deleting Obsolete Temporary Objects and Reclaiming the Space 1. 2. 3. 4.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SP12. On the TemSe --- Administration of Temporary Sequential Data screen, on the top-most menu bar click TemSe database → Reorganization. On the TemSe --- Administration of Temporary Sequential Data popup, click the All TemSe objects older than option to turn “on” the radio button to the left. Fill in the Days box with “7” for development and quality assurances SAP systems, and “32” in production SAP systems. Click the Delete button. On the TemSe objects older than XX days popup, click the Yes button. After the successful deletion of the selected temporary objects, you will be returned to the TemSe --- Administration of Temporary Sequential Data screen. There is no task completion message. You may now leave the SP12 transaction.
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Mass Recompilation of ABAP Programs 1. 2. 3.
Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SGEN. On the SAP Load Generator screen - Generation task section, click on the line reading Generate all objects in selected software components to turn
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 4.
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“on” the radio button to the left. Click on the Continue button at the bottom. On the SAP Load Generator screen - Selection by software components of generation set section, click the button to the left of each entry listed in the Software component box. Click the Continue button at the bottom of the screen. On the SAP Load Generator screen – Select server for parallel generation section, there should only be one entry in the Server box. Click the button to the left of this entry. Click the Continue button at the bottom of the screen. Several messages will appear in the bottom status bar before the next screen appears. On the SAP Load Generator – Job Monitor screen, fill in the time and date listed under the Schedule job at button located at the bottom of the screen. Click on the Schedule job at button. On the SAP Load Generator – Job Monitor screen – Load generator status section, the status of mass generation is shown. You may now leave the SGEN transaction and later return to check the progress of the recompilation. No other load regeneration jobs can be scheduled until this one completes. If a load regeneration jobs fails for some reason, return to the SGEN screen for instructions on how to restart the job.
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SAP IGS Server The IGS server (Internet Graphics Server) component displays and generates the graphics used by SAPGui HTML users. For example, the BW users accessing reports via the internet use the IGS server. The ITS server also channels graphics through the IGS server. The IGS server is installed as a started service on each server. Starting the IGS instance
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Log on to the appropriate server as adm. Type the following: cd /usr/sap//DVEBMGS00/igs¬ ./bin/startigs -p . ¬
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You may log off the server.
Stopping the IGS instance 4. 5.
Log on to the appropriate server as adm. Type the following: cd /usr/sap//DVEBMGS00/igs¬ ./bin/stopigs¬
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You may log off the server.
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Support Tasks in the SAP Marketplace Some adminitrative tasks performed on the SAP Marketplace are instantaneous such as SSCR (SAP Source Correction Registration)
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. requests for Developer and Object Key, while others like a permanent license key request or registeration of a new OSS ID, can take 15 minutes, or several days. As you work with the various SAP provided tools, you will learn the difference between normal lag time, and the possibility of something being “wrong”. Requesting A New SAP Marketplace User ID aka “S” Number aka OSS ID 1.
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You will need the first and last name, function, department, department title, language, telephone number, language, and email address of the person(s) being added as these are all required fields. Log on to the SAP Marketplace using an OSS ID with Administration rights – http://service.sap.com/user-admin. From the left navigational tree, click on Maintain User Data → Request new users. You may be asked for your OSS ID and password again, dependently on your point of original logon. On the User Data Maintenance screen, fill in the gathered information from step #1. Then press Save. You may or may not receive a confirmation message. You may now log off the SAP Marketplace.
Return to Index... Checking A New SAP Marketplace User ID aka “S” Number aka OSS ID 1. 2.
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Log on to the SAP Marketplace using an OSS ID with Administration rights – http://service.sap.com/user-admin. From the left navigational tree, click on Maintain User Data → Display requested users. You may be asked for your OSS ID and password again, dependently on your point of original logon. On the User Data Maintenance screen, you will see a list of your mostly recently generated OSS IDs. If the user ID you are seeking does not appear on the screen, you can fill in any of the information allowed in the top row to performa a search. Verify the status of the OSS ID for which you are looking. If the Status reads Successful, and both the User ID and Initial Password fields contain legitmate data, your OSS ID has been generated and you can pass the information on to your user. If the Status reads “Requesting…”, your OSS ID has not been generated so come again later to check the status. If the Status makes reference to some type of error condition, please open an OSS problem to get it resolved. The normal turnaround for an OSS ID generation is eight hours or less. You may now log off the SAP Marketplace.
Return to Index... Changing the Authorizations for an Existing SAP Marketplace User ID aka “S” Number aka OSS ID ***The vast majority of your OSS ID users have enough privileges to perform their SAP Marketplace tasks without any additional rights granted to their user ID. 1. 2.
Log on to the SAP Marketplace using an OSS ID with Administration rights – http://service.sap.com/user-admin. From the left navigational tree, click on Maintain User Data → Search and maintain users. You may be asked for your OSS ID and password again, dependently on your point of original logon.
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On the User Data Maintenance screen, click Search for an entire list of your SAP Marketplace users, or fill in the provided fields to help narrow your search, pressing Search when you are ready. From the second User Data Maintenance screen, click on the Surname of any user you wish to change. On the next User Data Maintenance screen, click on the Authorizations tab, and then click the Edit button on the bottom of the displayed section. From the resulting User Data Maintenance Authorization objects overview screen, click on a line you want to change. For example, if you want the OSS ID to be able to create new OSS problems with SAP, click the Create Customer messages “on” box at the far left to the line. On the resulting User Data Maintenance Create Customer messages screen, click “on” your option – Customer if you want the user to be able to open problems for any SAP Instance you own, or select a specific Installation(s) for only, say, CRM instances. Click the Add button at the bottom of th page, and you will be returned to step #6. Repeat as many times as you need to do so in order to change the OSS ID to your requirements. When all the changes have been completed, make sure you are at the same screen as in step #6 and click Save. You should get a screen thanking you and saying that your changes have been saved. You may now log off the SAP Marketplace.
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Creating, Modifying, and Deleting System Parameters Creating System Parameters 6. 7. 8.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction RZ10. On the Edit Profiles screen, select the _DVEBMGS00_SAP Profile from the dropdown, or whatever instance profile you need to change. In the Edit profile section, click the radio button to the left of Extended maintenance. Click the Change button. On the Maintain R/3 Profile screen, click the Add Parameter button. On the next Maintain R/3 Profile screen, type in the new Parameter name and Parameter val. Click the Copy button. Click the white arrow on green picture-icon twice. On the Maintain R/3 Profile popup, click the Yes button to save your changes. On the Edit Profiles screen, click the Save picture-icon. On the Save profile popup, click the No button. On the Activate profile popup, click the Yes button. On the Edit Profiles popup, click the green √ button. On the Caution! Caution! Caution! popup, click the green √ button. If you receive a Possible Inconsistencies in OP Modes screen, double click over the unless you are unsure of why this message has been displayed. You will not get a confirmation message. You may now leave the RZ10 transaction.
Return to Index... Modifying System Parameters 1. 2.
Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction RZ10.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 3.
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On the Edit Profiles screen, select the _DVEBMGS00_SAP Profile from the dropdown, or whatever instance profile you need to change. In the Edit profile section, click the radio button to the left of Extended maintenance. Click the Change button. On the Maintain R/3 Profile screen, locate the parameter that needs to be changed in the Parameter name column. Change the matching value under Parameter value to the new value. Click the Copy button. Click the white arrow on green picture-icon. On the Edit Profiles screen, click the Save picture-icon. On the Save profile popup, click the No button. On the Activate profile popup, click the Yes button. On the Edit Profiles popup, click the green √ button. On the Caution! Caution! Caution! popup, click the green √ button. If you receive a Possible Inconsistencies in OP Modes screen, double click over the unless you are unsure of why this message has been displayed. You will not get a confirmation message. You may now leave the RZ10 transaction.
Return to Index... Deleting System Parameters 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction RZ10. On the Edit Profiles screen, select the _DVEBMGS00_SAP Profile from the dropdown, or whatever instance profile you need to change. In the Edit profile section, click the radio button to the left of Extended maintenance. Click the Change button. On the Maintain R/3 Profile screen, locate the parameter you need to delete and click on the Parameter name to high-bright it. On the top-most menu bar, click Parameter → Delete. On the next Maintain R/3 Profile popup, make sure that the parameter listed is the one you need to delete. Click the Yes button to delete the parameter. You will receive a Parameter was deleted message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. Click the Copy button. Click the white arrow on green picture-icon. On the Edit Profiles screen, click the Save picture-icon. On the Save profile popup, click the No button. On the Activate profile popup, click the Yes button. On the Edit Profiles popup, click the green √ button. On the Caution! Caution! Caution! popup, click the green √ button. If you receive a Possible Inconsistencies in OP Modes screen, double click over the unless you are unsure of why this message has been displayed. You may now leave the RZ10 transaction.
Return to Index... Overview of All Work Processes Running on a SAP System 1. 2. 3.
Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SM50. On the Process Overview screen, all processing threads for the SAP system are displayed. If a thread is being used, the name of the report running will be displayed as well as the number of seconds that the report has been running, the client in which the report is running, the action the report is currently doing, and, if applicable, the table the report is currently accessing.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 4. 5. 6.
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Click on the blue arrow circle picture-icon to refresh the process data appearing on the screen. Click the white clock picture-icon to display the amount of CPU time consumed by each process thread so far. Double click any display line containing a report name in order to see more detailed information about the running report. This information includes database access statistics and timings. Use the white arrow on green picture-icon to go back to the Process Overview screen. Click on any process thread and then click the blue cylinder with glasses picture-icon. This will display the Trace Data screen which shows the actual communication between SAP, the operating system, and the database server. This information is useful when tracking process thread problems. Use the white arrow on green picture-icon to go back to the Process Overview screen. You may now leave the SM50 transaction.
Return to Index... Stopping Run-Away or “Bad” Work Processes 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SM50. On the Process Overview screen, find the process which must be stopped. Place a √ in the □ to the left of the process number to be stopped by pressing Space. On the top-most menu bar, click the Process → Cancel without core. Click the blue arrow circle picture-icon to refresh the Process Overview screen until the stopped process has cleared from the display. You may now leave the SM50 transaction.
If this does not kill the process, you can go to transaction SM04 and kill the user’s session. If this does not kill the process, you can log on to the server, open a Task Manager session, and End the Process. If this does not kill the session, there is an executable in the RUN directory on the server called sapntkill.exe. Run it providing the process ID number. If none of the above work, you have no choice but to “bounce” the SAP instance and/or possibly the serve. Return to Index... Increasing or Decreasing the Number of Work Processes 1. 2. 3. 4.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction RZ10. On the Save profile popup, click the No button. On the Edit Profiles screen, select the _DVEBMGS00_SAP Profile from the dropdown, or whatever instance profile you need to change. In the Edit profile section, click the radio button to the left of Extended maintenance. Click the Change button. On the Maintain R/3 Profile screen, locate the dialog processes rdisp/wp_no_dia line in the Parameter name column. Change the matching value under Parameter value to the new value. Click the Copy button. Do the same for the batch processes, rdisp/wp_no_btc, and the update processes, rdisp/wp_no_vb. Be sure to click the Copy button after each change. When all the changes have been made, click the white arrow on green picture-icon. On the Edit Profiles screen, click the Save picture-icon. On the Save profile popup, click the No button.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
On the Activate profile popup, click the Yes button. On the Edit Profiles popup, click the green √ button. On the Caution! Caution! Caution! popup, click the green √ button. If you receive a Possible Inconsistencies in OP Modes screen, double click over the unless you are unsure of why this message has been displayed. You will not get a confirmation message. You may now leave the RZ10 transaction.
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Broadcasting System Messages Creating a System Message 1. 2. 3. 4.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SM02. On the System Messages screen, click the Create button. On the Create System Messages popup, type up to 3 lines of System message text. Select a server (there should only be one) from the Server dropdown. If you want to limit the message to one client, select a client from the Client dropdown. If desired, fill in an Expiry date and/or Delete date. Click the green √ to save the message. A System message added message will appear in the bottom status bar. You may now leave the SM02 transaction.
Return to Index... Modifying a System Message 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SM02. On the System Messages screen, double click on the Id number of the message that needs to be changed. On the Display System Messages popup, click the pencil and glasses pictureicon to switch to change mode. On the Change System Messages popup, make your changes and click the green to save the changed message. A System message changed message will appear in the bottom status bar. You may now leave the SM02 transaction.
Return to Index... Deleting a System Message 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SM02. On the System Messages screen, click on the Id number of the message to highlight the message that needs to be deleted. Click the Delete button. On the System message: Delete popup, click the Yes button to delete the message. A System message deleted message will appear in the bottom status bar. You may now leave the SM02 transaction.
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This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. Sending a System Message to a Single User 1. 2. 3. 4.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SE37. On the Function Builder: Initial Screen screen, type in the Function name “TH_POPUP”. Click the Single Test wrench picture-icon. On the Test Function Module: Initial Screen screen, fill in User, Client, and Message Text. Click the clock picture-icon. The message will be sent to the specified user. You may now leave the SE37 transaction.
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Locking R/3 Transactions 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SM01. On the Transaction Code: Lock/Unlock screen, you will see an empty box at the very bottom of the screen. Type in the transaction code you want to lock and press Enter. The transaction code to be locked should appear at the top of the transaction list. Place a √ in the □ to the left of the transaction to be locked by pressing Space. Press Enter. The transaction is now locked. You may now leave the SM01 transaction.
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Short Dump Analysis Short dumps care generated when one of the SAP programs encounters an “abnormal” condition, a condition that the program was not coded to handle in any of its error routines. While it is not a function of the Basis support team to “debug” SAP programs, familiarity with some of the dump sections can be valuable for SAP Note searches and/or logging system problems with SAP. 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction ST22. On the ABAP runtime errors screen, you can click the Today button for today’s dumps, the Yesterday button for yesterday’s dumps, or use the Own Selection section of the screen to narrow down your time date/time range and then click the Start you selection button. On the List of Selected Runtime Errors screen, double-click on any short dump you want to examine more closely. On the Runtime Error Long List screen, make note of the error that occurred in the What Happened? section, any unique information in the Error analysis section, and search terms for searching SAP Notes in the How to correct the error section. You may now leave the ST22 transaction.
Return to Index... Viewing Database Lock Information 1. 2.
Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction DB01.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 3. 4.
The information displayed on the Oracle Lock Monitor screen can be sorted and filtered to meet your reporting requirements. You may now leave the DB01 transaction.
Return to Index... Viewing Table Lock Information 1. 2. 3. 4.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SM12. On the Select Lock Entries screen, fill in the Table name or use *, the Client or use *, and the User name or use *. Click the List button. On the Lock Entry List screen, you can use the Refresh button to monitor the table locks, or double-click any line for detail information. You can also use this transaction to delete a table lock or all table locks, if necessary. You may now leave the SM12 transaction.
Return to Index... Viewing Update Lock Information Occasionally, due to a dropped user session or some other unknown reason, an update transaction fails. When this happens, locks placed on resources may not be released. If an object was marked as currently being updated, and the update fails, the lock may still be present in the SAP system. Any other transactions attempting an update on the “locked” object fail. Database errors, including SAPSQL_ARRAY_INSERT_DUPREC errors, appear in the system log. To remove these update locks, you should try to force the update to complete. If the update cannot be forced to completion, the lock should be removed from the object.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SM13. On the Update Records: Main Menu screen, if you are looking for the update locks produced by a specific user and/or in a specific client, type in the Client and/or User. Using a From date and To date range can help as well. But if the originating lock happened some time ago, using a date range will not help. Normally, there aren’t that many “hanging” update locks at one time, so don’t worry about being too specific. When you have entered all your information, press Enter. The Update Records screen contains a list of outstanding update records matching your selection criteria. If the list is empty, go back to the previous screen and open your search by using “*” in client and user, and a date range of 01-01-2000 through 12-31-2010. If you still get no results, there are no incomplete update records. The best way to resolve incomplete update records is to try to force them to completion. From the top-most menu of the Update Records screen, click Update records → Update → All records. You will see an Update – Updating update requests which have not yet executed popup. If, after reading this information message, you decide that deleting the update records would be a wiser decision, skip to step 7. Otherwise, click the green √ picture-icon. You will be given one last chance to stop via a Update selected records popup. Click Yes to start the update.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 7.
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If the update records are fairly old (a day or so) and/or the update force produces an error, or you are unsure whether forcing the update record to completion is the wisest choice, forcing the update may not be an option. If this is the case, deleting the update lock is probably your best course of action. From the top-most menu of the Update Records screen, click Update records → Delete → All records. You will be given an opportunity to change your selection criteria in the Delete Update Records popup. Click the green √ picture-icon to continue. You will be given one last chance to stop via a Delete data will be lost popup. Click Yes to start the delete. You will not receive a confirmation message after the update or delete. You may now leave the SM13 transaction.
Return to Index... Viewing OS Server Files from SAP The SAP directory structure on a Linux server can be viewed via SAP using the AL11 transaction. All the usual SAP directories are accessible as well as any custom data views. Text files can be accessed and ported in and out of the SAP instance. Directories can be sorted by Name or Date/Timestamp. Return to Index...
Transport Tasks Configuring TMS - Transport Management System - for the First Time Note: if you already have a TMS configured, do not use this section to add a new instance to the existing TMS configuration. You could severely damage any preexisting transports, making them untransportable. Instead, use the following section Adding New Instance to TMS Setup. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
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Log on to client 000 of the SAP instance to serve as the Domain Controller. Go to transaction SE06. Click on the Perform Post Installation Actions button. Go to transaction STMS. You should see a popup box with the title TMS: Configure Transport Domain. If the popup doesn't say that, press F6 to change to the correct popup box. Fill in the TMS: Configure Transport Domain popup with the Description, Name of DOMAIN_, and the description of the Transport Domain. Then click Save. On the Transport Management System screen (if you aren’t there, back out until you are), assuming that this is the first SAP instance and there are no other installed SAP instances in your landscape yet, and assuming that you want your transport requests to be transportable and not local only, click on Overview → Systems. On the System Overview – Domain Domain_ screen, click SAP System → Create → External System. Fill in QAS if you are going to have a three system configuration or PRD if you are going to have a two system configuration, or make up a if you are never really going to have another SAP system. Fill in the rest of the information including the Path which is assumed to be \\:\usr\sap\trans for NT or /usr/sap/trans for UNIX. Click Environment → Transport Routes. On the Display Transport Routes screen, click the User Settings button, turn “on” the Hiergraphical List Editor, and click the √ Continue button. Back out
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of the screen and then go back in – you should see the list in a text mode which makes it easier to handle. On the Display Transport Routes screen, click the Display<>Change button to toggle into Change Mode. On the Change Transport Routes screen, click Configuration → Standard Configuration → Development and Production System. Fill in the Development and Production System popup, using your current SAP system SID as the Development system and the SAP instance you created in step #8 as the Production system. Click the √ mark to Continue. Back on the Change Transport Routes screen, click the Save icon and confirm all the popup questions. On the Change Transport Routes screen, back out until you can once more see the Transport Management System screen. Click Overview → Systems. On the Display TMS Configuration: System XXX screen, double-click the TMS Domain domain controller SAP instance. On the Display TMS Configuration: System XXX screen, click the Display<>Change button to toggle into Change Mode. Click the Communication tab and make sure that the Transport Group Name is correct. It should contain of the Domain Controller in the format of DOMAIN_ where is the System ID of the SAP Domain controller. Use the dropdown to find the correct entry it the field is blank. Click the Transport Tool tab. Verify that the information on the tab is correct and click the Insert Row button. Add a Parameter of CTC and a Value of 1. Click the Save button. Do step #16 for every system in your TMS Domain, making sure to change all Transport Group Names are the same and the CTC row is added to each with a value of 1. Save your way back the the main STMS screen. You may now leave STMS.
Return to Index... Adding a New SAP Instance to an Existing TMS Domain Controller 1.
Log on to client 000 in the SAP instance you want to add to the existing TMS Domain. 2. Go to transaction SE06. 3. Click on the Perform Post Installation Actions button. 4. Go to transaction STMS. 5. You should see a popup box with the title TMS: Configure Transport Domain. Press F6 until you see a TMS: Include System in Transport Domain popup. 6. Fill in the TMS: Include System in Transport Domain popup with the Description, Target Host, and System number of the TMS Domain Controller then click Save. 7. You should see a message that says SAP System waiting to be included in the Transport Domain. 8. Log on to client 000 of the Transport Domain Controller and go to transaction STMS, keeping your original session in the other SAP instance open. 9. On the Transport Management System screen, click Overview → Systems. Highlight the System you just added and then click SAP System → Approve. Then confirm all the messages. 10. Back on the Transport Management System screen, click Environment → Transport Routes. 11. On the Display Transport Routes screen, click the Display<>Change button to toggle into Change Mode. Click on Edit → Transport Route → Create. 11. On the Create Transport Route popup, use the Consolidation boxes to enter the SID of the transport domain, create a Z* transport layer, and the SID
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. of the system you are adding. Click Save and confirm. Back out to the main Transport Management Screen. 12. Back on the Transport Management System screen, click Overview → Systems. Double-click on the new system, and click on the Communications tab. Make sure that the Transport Group name is the name of the original transport domain. If not, change it. Click the Transport Tool tab. Verify that the information on the tab is correct and click the Insert Row button. Add a Parameter of CTC and a Value of 1. Click the Save button. 13. You can switch back to the new instance, and confirm that the SAP System waiting to be included in the Transport Domain has disappeard. 14. You may now log out of both SAP instances. Return to Index... Make a Local Transport into a Transportable Transport Sometimes, mistakes just happen. For this example, we will use a transport SM1K00047 as the erroneous change request. Make sure to release SM1K00047 before beginning this procedure. 1. Log on to the client who is the owner of the local transports that needs fixed. 2. Go to SE03. 3. On the Transport Organizer List screen, click on Merge Object Lists which is in the Requests/Tasks section. 3. On the Merge Objects List screen, put SM1K00046 in the first Request/Task field. Make sure that the Released check box is "on" in the Request Status section and click the Execute icon. 4. On the Merge Objects List screen, click on the Merge icon. 5. On the Enter Transport Request popup, click the Create Request icon. 6. On the Select Request Type popup, click "on" radio buttion Workbench Request. 7. On the Create Request popup, fill in the necessary information and make sure that the fill in the Target field so that the transport request is NOT local. Click the Save, OK, √ icon, etc. until everything is done. You will get a new transport request number, in our case SM1K00050. This new request can be released using one of the transport organizer Transactions like SE10, etc. Once it is released, you can go to /usr/sap/trans on the OS level and in directory cofiles copy K00050.SM1 to K00046.SM1, and in directory data copy R00050.SM1 to R00046.SM1. 8. You may now leave SE03. Once you have control of your session again, the transports are done. Verify their return code in the Import Queue list. It shoud have been updated automatically. Return to Index... Transporting Change Requests To manually transport change requests from DEV/QAS to PRD: 1. Make sure the change request(s) has been released via Se10 or one of the other Transport Organizer Transactions. 2. Go to transaction STMS and click Overview → Imports. Double-click the PRD queue. 3. Click the refresh button to make sure you have the most current view of the PRD queue. Make sure the change request(s) you want to transport shows in the queue.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 4. Using the F9 button, highlight all the transactions you want to manually transport. 5. Click on Extras → Activate Inactive Requests. Confirm the popup. This bypasses the STMS_QA process. 6. Leave the change requests highlighted. Click Request → Import. On the popup, make sure that the target is client 300. Make sure that Synchronous radio button is "on" in the Execution tab. Make sure that the first three options are checked "on" in the Options tab. When you are done, click on the green √ and confirm the next popup. Once you have control of your session again, the transports are done. Verify their return code in the Import Queue list. It shoud have been updated automatically. Return to Index... Adding a Change Request to a Transport Queue 1. Make sure the change request(s) has been released via Se10 or one of the other Transport Organizer Transactions. 2. Go to transaction STMS and click Overview → Imports. Double-click the PRD queue. 3. Click on Extras → Other Requests → Add. Fill in the Number of the Transport Request to be added to the queue and then press Enter. 4. Confirm the Add Transport Request popup. The transport request should now appear at the bottom of the queue list. Return to Index... Viewing the Transport Queue History 1. Go to transaction STMS and click Overview → Imports. Double-click the queue for which you want to view the history. 2. Click on the Import History button or press Ctrl+F7. The resulting list can be sorted and filtered to produce a more exacting report if needed. Return to Index... Re-Transport Several Change Requests at Once 1.
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Go to transaction STMS and click Overview → Imports. Highlight the queue into which the transport(s) to be moved again were originally transported – the “FROM” queue - and click the Import History button or press Ctrl+F7. If your SAP instance is older, you may have a very long Import History list in the next screen. Use some of the available filters and sort options to create a more controllable list of transports. Use the F9 to select and/or unselect as many as you need to transport. Once all choices have been made, click Request → Forward → System. Fill in the “TO” system and click on the Execute green √ mark. Now you can go to the “TO” queue and refresh the list. Your imports should all be there.
Return to Index... Transport Tool System Confirmation
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 1. Go to transaction STMS and click Overview → Imports. 2. On the Import Overview screen, click Import Queue → Check → Transport Tool. You may get a message asking if you want to check the the transport tool for all systems. If only want to check a limited subset of the SAP instances, use F9 to select and/or deselect those systems before you click Transport Tool. 3. On the TMS: Check Transport Tool screen, a list of all selected SAP instances to be checked will appear. If you see any thing but red green Oks, expand all the lines with the non-OK marks and look for more information. Correct these problems and then run this report again until it comes back clean. Return to Index... Use Target Groups to Transport to Mulitple Clients in Two Different Instances 1. 2.
Log on to client 000 of your TMS Domain Controller SAP Instance. Go to transaction STMS. 3. On the Transport System Management screen, click Overview -> Transport Routes. 4. On the Display Transport Routes screen, click the Display<>Change button to toggle into Change mode. Click on the Target Groups line and click the Create button. 5. In the Create Transport Group popup, fill in the Target Group as /XXXCLNTS/, give a Short Description and click the Client Assignment button. Be aware that the Target Group name must start and end with a “/”. 6. Enter each Target system and Target client you need. For our example, we will DEV 100, QAS 200, and QAS 210. Click the green check mark to Transfer. You now have a target group. Now you must create a Consolidation Layer. 7. Back on the Change Transport Routes screen, click on Transport Routes and click Create. 8. In the Create Transport Route popup, click the Extended Transport Control button at the bottom of the popup. Make sure Consolidation is "on" and fill in the information using our Target Group as the Consolidation Target. 9. Click the green check button to Save the change. 10. You now have a Transport Group. Confirm the Disturbution of it to the other SAP Instances. Return to Index... Configure TMS to Use SAP's Quality Assurance Functionality A Quality Assurance system must have a) a delivery route leading from it to another instance, and b) be the target of a consolidation route. See topic Using Target Groups to Transport to Mulitple Clients in Two Different Instances to fulfill the a) requirement. 1. 2. 3. 4.
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Log on to client 000 of your TMS Domain Controller SAP Instance. Go to transaction STMS. On the Transport System Management screen, click Overview -> Transport Routes. On the Display Transport Routes screen, click Display<>Change button to toggle into change mode. Click on the instance in which you want to control QA. Normally, this is QAS and the instance to be controlled is PRD. Under Transport Routes, click on the QAS instance and click Create. On the Create Transport Route screen, make sure Delivery is "on" and fill in Source and Delivery systems with QAS and PRD. Click the green check mark to save. Now you have met condition a. Back on the Change Transport Routes screen, click on the QAS instance and click the single pencil Change button. You will see a Change System
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. Attributes popup. Click "on" Quality Assurance - Delvery After Confirmation. If you want to change the people who OK the transports, click the Procedure button and make your changes. Then back out. Click the green check to Transfer your changes. 7. Back on the Change Transport Routes screen, click on the Target Groups line and click the Create button. 8. In the Create Transport Group popup, fill in the Target Group as /XXXCLNTS/, give a Short Description and click the Client Assignment button. Be aware that the Target Group name must start and end with a “/”. Enter each Target system and Target client you need. Click the green check mark to Transfer. You now have a target group. Now you must create a Consolidation Layer. 9. Back on the Change Transport Routes screen, click on Transport Routes and click Create. 10. In the Create Transport Route popup, click the Extended Transport Control button at the bottom of the popup. Make sure Consolidation is "on" and fill in the information using our Target Group as the Consolidation Target. Click the green check button to Save the change. 11. You now have a Transport Group. Confirm the Disturbution of it to the other SAP Instances. 12. You may now leave the STMS transactions. Return to Index... Automate the Transport Process 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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Log on to client 000 of your TMS Domain Controller SAP Instance. Go to transaction STMS. On the Transport System Management screen, click Overview -> Imports. Double-click on the queue for the SAP instance are in. On the Import Queue screen, click the Refresh button. Click on the Import All Requests button. On the Start Import popup, fill in the information for the job. Make sure "At Start Time" is on. Although Period appears grayed out, you can still change it to the periodic value you need. I recommend every hour in DEV, 4 times a day in QAS, and once an evening in PRD. Click on the green check mark to Continue. You may now leave the STMS transaction. If you ever need to change this job, you must do it via STMS and not SE37.
Return to Index...
User Tasks Creating, Modifying, and Deleting Users Creating a User 1. 2. 3. 4.
Log on to the appropriate SAP system and the client where the new user is to be added. Go to transaction SU01. On the User Maintenance: Initial Screen screen, type in the new User name and click the blank page picture-icon. On the Maintain User screen, fill in at least the following information for each tab: Address Logon data
Last name, First name, Internet mail Initial password, repeat password, user type
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. Defaults Roles Profiles
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Decimal formation, Date formation, Time zone, OutputDevice Select roles to be added to the user Select profiles to be added to the user
When all necessary data has been entered, click the Save picture-icon. You will receive a User saved message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. You may now leave the SU01 transaction.
Return to Index... Copy an Existing User to a New User 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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Log on to the appropriate SAP system and the client where the user is to be changed. Go to transaction SU01. On the User Maintenance: Initial Screen screen, type in the User name to be copied and click the double blank page picture-icon. On the Copy User popup, type in the To for the new user and click the Copy button. On the Maintain User screen, click on the tabs and make the changes to the user’s information. When you are done, click the Save picture-icon. You will receive a User saved message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. You may now leave the SU01 transaction.
Return to Index... Modifying a User 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.
Log on to the appropriate SAP system and the client where the user is to be changed. Go to transaction SU01. On the User Maintenance: Initial Screen screen, type in the user’s name and click the pencil picture-icon. On the Maintain User screen, click on the tabs and make your user information changes. When you are done, click the Save picture-icon. You will receive a User saved message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. You may now leave the SU01 transaction.
Return to Index... Deleting a User 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Log on to the appropriate SAP system and the client where the user is to be deleted. Go to transaction SU01. On the User Maintenance: Initial Screen screen, type in the user’s name and click the trash can picture-icon. On the Delete user popup, click the Yes button. You will receive a User deleted message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. You may now leave the SU01 transaction.
Return to Index...
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. Locking a User 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Log on to the appropriate SAP system and the client where the user is to be locked. Go to transaction SU01. On the User Maintenance: Initial Screen screen, type in the user’s name and click the lock/unlock picture-icon. On the Lock user popup, click the lock picture-icon. You will receive a User locked message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. You may now leave transaction SU01.
Return to Index... Modifying a User’s Password 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Log on to the appropriate SAP system and the client where the user’s password is to be changes. Go to transaction SU01. On the User Maintenance: Initial Screen screen, type in the user’s name and click the lock/unlock picture-icon. On the Change Password popup, enter the new password in both the New password and Repeat password boxes. Click the green √ picture-icon. You will receive a The password was changed message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. You may now leave the SU01 transaction.
Return to Index... Add a Role to a User 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
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Log on to the appropriate SAP system and the client where the user needs the role. Go to transaction SU01. On the User Maintenance: Initial Screen screen, type in the user’s name and press Enter to confirm that the user exists. Click the Change button or press Shift+F6. On the Maintain User screen, click on the Roles tab. Fill in the name(s) in the field(s) provided, and when done press Enter. Click the Save button. Go to transaction PFCG, and on the Role Maintenance screen, type in the name of the role to which the users where added and press Enter to confirm exist of the role. Click the Change role little yellow pencil button. On the Change Roles screen, click the User tab. Click on User Comparison and then Complete Comparison. Once the comparision is done, click Save one more time and you are done!
Return to Index... Mass User Changes Making user changes one-at-a-time can be extremely time consuming not to mention boring. SAP has provided mass change transaction to help eleviate the tediousness of making many user changes. It should be noted, however, that the mass change transaction is limited as to the changes that can be made. For example, you cannot change the password for multiple users. Also note that it is best to make one type of mass change at a time. For example, you need to add a new role to and delete an existing role from 20 users. The best method to
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. achieve this would be to first do a mass change to add the new role. Save the changed users. Then delete the existing role from the same 20 users. 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to the appropriate SAP system and the client where the user changes are to take place. Go to transaction SU10. On the User Maintenance: Mass Changes Initial Screen screen, you need to select whether you will select users based on Address Data or Authorization Data and click the appropriate button. If you click Address Data, you can find users with any combination of First name, Last name, User ID, Company, City, Building, Room, Extension, Department, and Cost Center. If you opt to use Authorization Data, you can specify a combination of Groups, Reference User, Authorizations, Athorization Objects, and many other fields. For either method, fill in the fields you want to search on in the Users by Complex Selection Criteria screen, and click the Execute button. On the Users by Complex Selection Criteria screen, you can click “on” the users to be changed, or click the Select All button. Once all the users you want to change have been selected, click the Transfer button. Back on the Maintenance: Mass Changes Initial Screen screen, you can select all the users on the screen again by clicking the Select All button or change your mind and make any last minute corrections. Once you have all the users selected that you want to change, click User → Change. On the Mass User Changes screen, scroll through the tabs, changing data and clicking the Add or Remove button for each correction. Please note, each SU10 batch run must use all Adds or all Removes but never a mixture. Do all Adds in one run and then all Removes in another. Once all your changes have been made, click the Save button. On the Mass changes popup, you will see how many users you are about to change. To make the changes, click on Yes. On the Log Display screen, you will see a log of the changes you made. Expand the list to see the transactional details. You may now leave the SU10 transaction.
Return to Index... User Information Repository Reports 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to the appropriate SAP system and client where the user reports are to be generated. Go to transaction SUIM. On the User Information System screen, click the Infosystem authorizations entry on the navigation tree and click the double arrows pointing down picture-icon to expand the list of available reports. Click on the clock picture-icon to the left of the report you want to run. You will be taken to a selection filter screen to customize the data you need to see on your report. Once your report has been produced, you can print it or send it to your hard disk. You may now leave the SU01 transaction.
Return to Index... User Information Repository Reports 6. 7. 8.
Log on to the appropriate SAP system and client where the user reports are to be generated. Go to transaction SU01. On the User Maintenance: Initial Screen screen, from the top-most menu bar click Information → Information system.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 9.
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On the User Information System screen, click the Infosystem authorizations entry on the navigation tree and click the double arrows pointing down picture-icon to expand the list of available reports. Click on the clock picture-icon to the left of the report you want to run. You will be taken to a selection filter screen to customize the data you need to see on your report. Once your report has been produced, you can print it or send it to your hard disk. You may now leave the SU01 transaction.
Return to Index... Displaying and Dropping User Sessions 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SM04. On the User List screen, all users currently logged on to the SAP system are displayed. To delete a user’s session, place a √ in the □ to the left of the user to be dropped and click the Sessions button. On the Overview of Sessions popup, click on the session No to be deleted. Click the End Session button. You will not receive a deletion confirmation message. You may now leave the SM04 transaction.
Return to Index...
Tracing a User’s Activity Creating a User Audit Profile 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SM19. From the top-most menu bar on the Security Audit: Administer Audit Profile screen, click Profile → Create. On the Create new profile popup, type in a new Profile name and click the green √ picture-icon. On the Filter 1 tab of the Security Audit: Administer Audit Profile screen, click the □ to the left of Filter active to place a √ in the box. In the Selection criteria section, select the Clients and User names to be traced. In the Audit classes section, click “on” all the auditing functions you need for this profile. In the Events section, click the radio button to the left of the level of auditing you need. Once you have entered all your trace information, click the Save picture-icon. You will receive an Audit profile saved in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. Please note that while the user trace has been saved, it is not yet active. To activate the user trace, see the next section Activating a User Audit Profile. You may now leave the SM19 transaction.
Return to Index... Activating a User Audit Profile 1. 2.
Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SM19.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 3.
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On the Security Audit: Administer Audit Profile screen, select the audit profile to be activated from the Profile dropdown. Click the lit match picture-icon to activate it. You will receive an Audit profile activated for next system start in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. The audit will not begin until after the SAP instance has been recycled. You may now leave the SM19 transaction.
Return to Index... Deactivating a User Audit Profile 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SM19. On the Security Audit: Administer Audit Profile screen, select the audit profile to be deactivated from the Profile dropdown. From the top-most menu bar, click the Profile → Deactivate. You will receive a Current audit profile was deactivated in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. You may now leave the SM19 transaction.
Return to Index... Deleting a User Audit Profile 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SM19. On the Security Audit: Administer Audit Profile screen, select the audit profile to be deleted from the Profile dropdown. Click the trash can picture-icon. On the Confirmation prompt popup, click the Yes button. You will receive an Audit profile deleted in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. You may now leave the SM19 transaction.
Return to Index... Viewing the Audit Analysis Report 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to any client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SM20. In the Selection, Audit classes, and Events to select sections of the Security Audit Log: Local Analysis screen, provide your information to filter the audit information. If you need to trace the activities of a specific user, be sure to include that user’s ID. Click the Re-read audit log button. The resulting list is displayed. This list can be printed using the usual methods. You may now leave the SM20 transaction.
Return to Index...
Security Tasks Creating a User Role The easiest way to create a new user role is to copy an already existing user role, either one of your own or one of the ones provided to you in the installation of SAP. So let’s assume that you have none of your own and use one
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. of the SAP role templates provided. It might assist you with picking one of these roles if you have someone dump the appropriate information into a spreadsheet containing the Role Name, Role Description, Transactions contained in the Role, and the Transaction description. The SQL query would be something like this: SELECT AGR_TEXTS.AGR_NAME, AGR_TEXTS.TEXT, AGR_TCODES.TCODE, TSTCT.TTEXT FROM AGR_TEXTS, AGR_TCODES, TSTCT WHERE AGR_TEXTS.MANDT = '000' AND AGR_TEXTS.SPRAS = 'E' AND AGR_TEXTS.LINE = 0 AND AGR_TCODES.MANDT = '000' AND AGR_TCODES.AGR_NAME = AGR_TEXTS.AGR_NAME AND TSTCT.SPRSL = 'E' AND TSTCT.TCODE = AGR_TCODES.TCODE ORDER BY AGR_TEXTS.AGR_NAME, AGR_TCODES.TCODE; This query should be changed based on the details of your SAP instance. the roles(s) to be used as the source for your role copy. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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Identify
Log on to client needing the role. Go to transaction PFCG. On the Role Maintenance screen, either type in the role name to be copied or select it from a dropdown. Press Enter to confirm that the role exists. Click the Copy role button or press Shift+F11. One the Query popup box, fill in the to role field with the name to be given the new role. Come up with a standard that everyone follows so the base original role is designated in some way so you don’t forget where you got the original. The name must begin with Z or Y. Most people will add a Z- in the first two characters of the role name. If you want to only select specific roles from a Composite role, you would click the Copy selectively button, otherwise click the Copy all button. Once the role has been copied, you will be taken back to the original PFCG screen where you will see the name of your new role. Change you Role description and save the new role before working with it any further
Return to Index... Modifying a User Role 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to client needing the role change. Go to transaction PFCG. On the Role Maintenance screen, either type in the role name to be changed or select it from a dropdown. Press Enter to confirm that the role is found. Click the Change Role little yellow pencil button role button or press F6. Click the Authorizations tab and then the Change Authorization Data button. On the Change Role: Authorizations screen, expand and change the authorizations you need to adjust. When finished click first the Save button and then the Generate button – looks like a little red and white beachball. Back out to the Change Roles screen and click the User tab. Click on User Comparison and then Complete Comparison. Once the comparision is done, click Save one more time and you are done!
Return to Index... Deleting a User Role
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to client needing the role deletion. Go to transaction PFCG. On the Role Maintenance screen, either type in the role name to be changed or select it from a dropdown. Press Enter to confirm that the role is found. Click the Role Delete button or Shift+F2. On the Delete Role popup, confirm that you wish to delete the deletion. If you get an Information popup, confirm it also. Your deletion will return a successful message in the bottom status bar.
Return to Index... Transporting User Roles between Clients (Transport System Method) When a modification is made to a role in the 100 client, the roles must be transported to the 800 client. One role, several roles, or all roles can be done if needed. They can all be added to the same transport change request. After the roles have been moved to other clients, you will need to log on to each of those clients and do a user comparison. You will also need to do a text comparison in client 100 of the appropriate SAP system. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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Log on to client 100 of the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction PFCG. On the Role maintenance screen, type in the Role name of the first role to be transported. Click the Truck picture-icon. You will see an Information popup. Click the green √ picture-icon. In the Choose objects popup, unclick the □s beside User assignment and Personalization. If you want to transport the users along with the role, profiles, and authorizations, you can √ the □ to the left of User assignment. Click the green √ picture-icon. On the Prompt for Customizing request popup, click the blank page pictureicon to create a new change request. On the Create Request popup, fill in the Short description and click the Save picture-icon. You will be returned to the Prompt for Customizing request popup which contains the generated change request number for this system change. Click the green √ to continue. You will see a Data entered in change request message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. Now enter the name of the next role to be transported and click the Truck picture-icon. You will see an Information popup. Click the green √ picture-icon. In the Choose objects popup, unclick the □s beside User assignment and Personalization. If you want to transport the users along with the role, profiles, and authorizations, you can √ the □ to the left of User assignment. Click the green √ picture-icon. On the Prompt for Customizing request popup, continue to use the same transport you created in step 6. Click the green √ to continue. Continue to perform steps 7 through 10 until all the roles you need to transport have been attached to the transport change request. The generated transport can now be released and transported into the clients needing the modified roles. You may now leave the PFCG transaction.
Return to Index... Transporting User Roles between Clients (Upload/Download Method) Central User Administration distributes clients and their information to the other clients connected to the Distribution Model. It does not, however, do the
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. same for roles and role authorizations. So when a modification is made to a role in the 100 client, the roles must be transported to the 800 client. One role, several roles, or all roles can be done if needed. They can all be added to the same transport change request. After the roles have been moved to other clients, you will need to log on to each of those clients and do a user comparison. You will also need to do a text comparison in client 100 of the appropriate SAP system. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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Log on to client 100 of the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction PFCG. On the Role maintenance screen, type in the Role name of the first role to be transported. Click the Truck picture-icon. You will see an Information popup. Click the green √ picture-icon. In the Choose objects popup, unclick the □s beside User assignment and Personalization. If you want to transport the users along with the role, profiles, and authorizations, you can √ the □ to the left of User assignment. Click the green √ picture-icon. On the Prompt for Customizing request popup, click the blank page pictureicon to create a new change request. On the Create Request popup, fill in the Short description and click the Save picture-icon. You will be returned to the Prompt for Customizing request popup which contains the generated change request number for this system change. Click the green √ to continue. You will see a Data entered in change request message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. Now enter the name of the next role to be transported and click the Truck picture-icon. You will see an Information popup. Click the green √ picture-icon. In the Choose objects popup, unclick the □s beside User assignment and Personalization. If you want to transport the users along with the role, profiles, and authorizations, you can √ the □ to the left of User assignment. Click the green √ picture-icon. On the Prompt for Customizing request popup, continue to use the same transport you created in step 6. Click the green √ to continue. Continue to perform steps 7 through 10 until all the roles you need to transport have been attached to the transport change request. The generated transport can now be released and transported into the clients needing the modified roles. You may now leave the PFCG transaction.
Return to Index... Performing a User Comparison on the Modified Roles 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Log on to client 100 of the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction PFCG. On the Role maintenance screen, type in the Role name of the first role to be transported. Click the Change button. On the Change Roles screen, click the User tab. On the User tab, click the User compare button. On the Compare Role User Master Record popup, click the Complete compare button. You will receive a User master record for role was adjusted message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. You may now leave the PFCG transaction.
Return to Index... Performing a Text Comparison to Refresh Role Selection Lists
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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Log on to client 100 of the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SU01. On the User Maintenance: Initial Screen screen, type in the user “model_user”. Click the pencil picture-icon. On the Maintain User screen, click the Text comparison from child Syst. button. On the CUA: Text comparison from Child Systems screen, type “LSDEV100” for the Receiving system and “LSQAS800” for the to system. This is a range, and since LSPRD300 falls alphabetically between LSDEV100 and LSQAS800, all three systems will have the text comparison performed. Click the clock pictureicon. On the CUA: Text comparison from Child Systems results screen, you will see a list of the systems compared and the compare results. Click the white arrow on green picture-icon 3 times, or until you have left the SU01 transaction.
Return to Index... Users, Roles, and Authorizations SAP security is based on authorization objects and authorizations. An authorization object is used to indicate that a user can perform a certain activity. An authorization is used to limit the scope of that activity. For example, a profile contains the S_DEVELOP authorization object. This authorization object allows a user to perform ABAP workbench activities. Some users will need to do all ABAP activites while others will only need to perform a few. So S_DEVELOP has a selection of authorizations you can use: ACTVT, DEVCLASS, OBJNAME, OBJTYPE, and P_GROUP. The authorizations are set to the appropriate values as needed. A tree view of the S_DEVELOP authorization object can be seen below: S_DEVELOP ACTVT
Create or generate Change Display Delete Activate, generate Execute Create in DB Delete in DB Convert to DB Administer Copy All Functions Deactivate Mod. assistant DEVCLASS Single Value or Value Range OBJNAME Single Value or Value Range OBJTYPE Single Value or Value Range P_GROUP Single Value or Value Range The S_DEVELOP authorization object in a profile lets a user perform ABAP workbench activities. But having a S_DEVELOP authorization object with the ACTVT
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. authorization value set to Display (03) means that the user is limited to display only in the ABAP workbench transactions. Thus we see that authorization objects grant while authorizations limit. It is important to remember, however, that a user with a profile having a S_DEVELOP with full authorizations still cannot access an ABAP workbench transaction until a matching S_TCODE (start up transaction code) has been added as well. In other words, a user may have the rights to add, modify and delete ABAP programs but until an entry for SE38 has been added to the S_TCODE authorization object, he cannot access transaction SE38 which is the ABAP Editor. All authorization objects and authorizations are grouped into profiles before being attached to users. Profiles use a combination of authorization objects and their respective authorizations, and their creation can be complex as well as tedious. In order to simplify the creation of profiles, the Profile Generator (transaction PFCG) was created. Roles are created via a more user-friendly interface which generates profiles based on the information added via this interface. Manually creating profiles is the “old” way of doing things. There are times, such as the start of a new SAP landscape where no roles exist, that the use of profiles is handy. But once the landscape has been completed all users, with the exception of the Basis team, should be attached to roles. There should never be a need to manually create a SAP new profile. To add a new role, the easiest method is to copy an existing role that matches your needs as closely as possible and make the changes you need for the new role. This documentation covers changing user security via both methods. Adding Authorization Objects and/or Authorizations to a Profile Remember that profiles are NOT the standard way to implement SAP security 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to the appropriate client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SU02. In the Manually edit authorization profiles section of the Profile: Initial Screen screen, enter the Profile you want to change. Make sure the Active only □ is checked. Click the Create work area for profiles button. On the Profile List screen, double-click the profile to be changed. A profile can contain authorization objects only (single profile) or one or more other profiles (collective profile). If the next screen is titled Maintain Profile, this is a single profile, and you should proceed to the next step. If the next screen is titled Collect Profiles, this is a collective profile and you should skip to step 13. On the Maintain Profile screen, you must decide if you need to add a new authorization object and one or more of its authorizations, or add a new authorization to an authorization object already in the profile. If you need to add a new authorization to an authorization object already in the profile, skip to step 7. Otherwise, scroll down the Consisting of authorizations list until you find a blank line. Type the authorization object you need to add and press Enter. You will need to scroll through the list again until you find the authorization object you just added (it is was to find since the Authorization column should still be blank). Once you find the new entry line, use the drop down to fill in the Authorization column. Click on the Save picture-icon. If you need to add another authorization to an authorization object already in the profile list, click on the +Add authorization button. From the Maintain Profiles: Object Classes screen, double-click the Object class of the authorization you are adding. On the Maintain Profiles: List of Authorizations screen, select the authorization you need to add by double-clicking the appropriate line. This
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 10. 11. 12. 13.
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will return you to the Maintain Profile screen where you can see that your authorization has been added. On the Maintain Profile screen, click the Save picture-icon. Then click the lit match picture-icon to activate the new profile changes. On the Activate Profile: Execution Screen screen, click on the lit match picture-icon to complete the profile activation process. You may now leave the SU02 transaction. In order the change a profile collection, you must make the changes in one or more of the dependent profiles, save the changes in the dependent profile(s), activate the dependent profile(s), save the collection owner profile, and activate the collection owner profile. On the Collect Profiles screen, double-click on the profile you want to change. You will be taken to the Maintain Profile screen. Perform steps 6 to 11. Then use the white arrow on green picture-icon to go back. On the Collect Profiles screen, click the Save picture-icon. Then click the lit match picture-icon to activate the new profile changes. On the Activate Profile: Execution Screen screen, click on the lit match picture-icon to complete the profile activation process. You may now leave the SU02 transaction.
Return to Index... Adding Authorization Objects and/or Authorizations to a Role 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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Log on to client 100 in the DEV SAP system. Go to transaction PFCG. On the Role Maintenance screen, enter the Role you want to change. Click the Change button. On the Change Role screen, click the Authorizations tab and then click the pencil picture-icon. If you are only adding a start up transaction to the role, skip to step 10. Otherwise, the assumption is that a new authorization object is to be added. On the Change role: Authorizations screen, click the +Manually button. On the Manual selection of authorizations popup, enter the authorizations objects that need to be added (ie S_DEVELOP, S_PROGRAM, etc.) Click the green √ when you are finished. Back on the Change role: Authorizations screen, if all the displayed signal lights are green, skip to step 8. Otherwise, fully expand the lines that are yellow and/or red and supply the necessary information. All signal lights should be green before moving to the next step. On the Change role: Authorizations screen, click the Save picture-icon. You will receive a Data saved confirmation message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. On the Change role: Authorizations screen, click the red-and-white beach ball picture-icon to generate a profile from the saved role. Reply affirmatively if any confirmation popups. You will receive a Profile(s) created message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. If you do not need to add any start up transactions to the profile, you may now leave the PFCG transaction. On the Change Role: Authorizations screen, expand the Cross-application Authorization Objects → Authorization Check for Transaction Start → Authorization Check for Transaction Start until you see the Transaction code entry line. Double-click on the entry portion of the Transaction code line. In the Maintain Field Values popup, scroll down the list until you find a blank From and To line. Enter the transaction(s) to be added, and click the Save picture-icon when you have finished.
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On the Change role: Authorizations screen, click the Save picture-icon. You will receive a Data saved confirmation message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. On the Change role: Authorizations screen, click the red-and-white beach ball picture-icon to generate a profile from the saved role. Reply affirmatively if any confirmation popups. You will receive a Profile(s) created message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. You may now leave the PFCG transaction.
Return to Index... Granting Transaction Access to a User via Profile *** Since SAP R/3 4.5, this is not the standard for user authorizations. *** Return to Index... Granting Transaction Access to a User via Role 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Log on to the applicable SAP instance and client. Go to transaction SU01. On the User Maintenance: Initial Screen screen, fill in the User ID for the user you want to change, either by typing it in or choosing it from the drop down. Click the little yellow pencil Change button. On the Maintain User screen, click on the Roles tab. Fill in the new role in the first available Role field. Press ENTER to confirm that the role exists. Click the Save button. Make sure to use transaction PFCG to run a user comparion to rebuilt the role-to-user connections. You may now leave the PFCG transaction.
Return to Index... Revoking Authorizations from a User via Profile *** Since SAP R/3 4.5, this is not the standard for user authorizations. *** Return to Index... Revoking Authorizations from a User via Role Use the same procedure as Adding Authorization Objects and/or Authorizations to a Role Return to Index... Revoking Transaction Access from a User via Profile *** Remember that profiles are NOT the standard way to implement SAP security. *** Return to Index...
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. Attaching a Profile to a User *** Since SAP R/3 4.5, this is not the standard for user authorizations. *** Return to Index... Attaching a Role to a User 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Log on to the applicable SAP instance and client. Go to transaction SU01. On the User Maintenance: Initial Screen screen, fill in the User ID for the user you want to change, either by typing it in or choosing it from the drop down. Click the little yellow pencil Change button. On the Maintain User screen, click on the Roles tab. Fill in the new role in the first available Role field. Press ENTER to confirm that the role exists. Click the Save button. Make sure to use transaction PFCG to run a user comparion to rebuilt the role-to-user connections. You may now leave the PFCG transaction.
Return to Index...
Client Tasks Client Copies within the Same SAP System *** SAP’s terms for the sending and receiving clients can be confusing. The “target” client is the client into which data is to be copied. The “source” client is the client which contains the data to be copied. Also, remember that all client copies are destructive and will delete all data before copying in the new data. The only exception is when the SAP_USER profile is used. In this case, only user master data is deleted from the target client before the new user master data is copied. *** 1. 2. 3. 4.
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Create the target client if necessary. Log on to the target client in the appropriate SAP system. If the target client is new, use “SAP*” for the user and “pass” for the password. Go to transaction SCCL for Local Client Copy. On the Client Copy – Copy a Client screen, use the Selected profile dropdown to select a profile that matches your needs. Use SAP_ALL or SAP_UAPP to copy all data except change documents, SAP_USER to copy only user master data, or one of the other SAP provided client copy profiles. Type the Source client and Source client user masters in the provided boxes. These two boxes should contain the same client number unless the data is to come from one client and the user master data from a different client. Once all information has been provided, click the Schedule as background job button. If you receive a Change documents will not be copied message in the bottom status bar, click the green √ next to the transaction command field at the very top of the screen to continue. On the Schedule Client Copy in Background screen, use the Background server dropdown to select the background server on which the job is to run. There should only be one server available in the dropdown. Click the Schedule job button.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 6. 7.
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On the Verification popup, check that everything is correct and click the Continue button. On the Start Time popup, if you want the client copy job submitted right away, click the Immediate button. To schedule the copy for a later date and/or time, click the Date/Time button. In the Date/Time section, provide the Scheduled start Date and Time. If you are unsure as to the format of date and time, click on the top-most menu bar System → User profile → Own data. Click on the Defaults tab to see your default date format. If the user is SAP* due to a new client, you may receive a date validation error if you use the date format of MM-DD-YYYY. Try other variations such as DD.MM.YYYY, MM/DD/YYYY, YYYY.MM.DD, YYYY/MM/DD, and YYYY-MM-DD. Click the Save picture-icon. On the Background Print Parameters popup, select an Output device from the dropdown. Click the green √ to continue. You will receive a client copy confirmation message. You can monitor this copy by using transaction SCC3. You may now leave the SCCL transaction.
Return to Index... Client Copies between Different SAP Systems *** SAP’s terms for the sending and receiving clients can be confusing. The “target” client is the client into which data is to be copied. The “source” client is the client which contains the data to be copied. Also, remember that all client copies are destructive and will delete all data before copying in the new data. The only exception is when the SAP_USER profile is used. In this case, only user master data is deleted from the target client before the new user master data is copied. *** 1. 2. 3. 4.
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Create the target client if necessary. Log on to the target client in the appropriate SAP system. If the target client is new, use “SAP*” for the user and “pass” for the password. Go to transaction SCC9 for Remote Client Copy. On the Client Copy – Copy a Client screen, use the Selected profile dropdown to select a profile that matches your needs. Use SAP_ALL or SAP_UAPP to copy all data except change documents, SAP_USER to copy only user master data, or one of the other SAP provided client copy profiles. Since this is a client copy that uses data from a client in another SAP system (or remote client), a Source destination must be provided. This is a RFC connection pointing to a specific client in another SAP system. If there is no RFC connection to the client you wish to copy, you will need to create one. Otherwise, use the dropdown to select the remote source client. To test that your select Source destination RFC connection will work, click the RFC system check button. Once the proper remote source client has been selected, the System name and Source client boxes will fill automatically. Once all information has been provided, click the Schedule as background job button. If you receive a Change documents will not be copied message in the bottom status bar, click the green √ next to the transaction command field at the very top of the screen to continue. On the Schedule Client Copy in Background screen, use the Background server dropdown to select the background server on which the job is to run. There should only be one server available in the dropdown. Click the Schedule job button. On the Verification popup, check that everything is correct and click the Continue button. On the Start Time popup, if you want the client copy job submitted right away, click the Immediate button. To schedule the copy for a later date and/or time, click the Date/Time button. In the Date/Time section, provide the Scheduled start Date and Time. If you are unsure as to the format of
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission.
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date and time, click on the top-most menu bar System → User profile → Own data. Click on the Defaults tab to see your default date format. If the user is SAP* due to a new client, you may receive a date validation error if you use the date format of MM-DD-YYYY. Try other variations such as DD.MM.YYYY, MM/DD/YYYY, YYYY.MM.DD, YYYY/MM/DD, and YYYY-MM-DD. Click the Save picture-icon. On the Background Print Parameters popup, select an Output device from the dropdown. Click the green √ to continue. You will receive a client copy confirmation message. You can monitor this copy by using transaction SCC3. You may now leave the SCC9 transaction.
Return to Index... Client Copy Variations Limiting a Client Copy to Refresh User Master Data Sometimes you need to retain the data residing in a client but refresh the roles, users, and other security components that have changed in DEV client 100. Since role changes don’t transport across the other clients maintained via Central User Administration, a user master client copy can be used on any client in the SAP landscape. 1. 2.
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Log on to the appropriate client on the appropriate SAP system. If the user master data is coming from a client within the same SAP system, go to transaction SCCL. If the user master data is to be copied from a client in another SAP system, go to transaction SCC9. On the Client Copy – Copy a Client screen, use the Selected profile dropdown to select profile “SAP_USER”. Type in the same client for both the Source client and Source client user masters. This should be the client that contains the user master data you want to copy. If this is a user master copy that uses data from a client in another SAP system (or remote client), a Source destination must be provided. Once all information has been provided, click the Schedule as background job button. If you receive a Change documents will not be copied message in the bottom status bar, click the green √ next to the transaction command field at the very top of the screen to continue. On the Schedule Client Copy in Background screen, use the Background server dropdown to select the background server on which the job is to run. There should only be one server available in the dropdown. Click the Schedule job button. On the Verification popup, check that everything is correct and click the Continue button. On the Start Time popup, if you want the client copy job submitted right away, click the Immediate button. To schedule the copy for a later date and/or time, click the Date/Time button. In the Date/Time section, provide the Scheduled start Date and Time. If you are unsure as to the format of date and time, click on the top-most menu bar System → User profile → Own data. Click on the Defaults tab to see your default date format. Click the Save picture-icon. On the Background Print Parameters popup, select an Output device from the dropdown. Click the green √ to continue. You will receive a client copy confirmation message. You can monitor this copy by using transaction SCC3. You may now leave the SCCL or SCC9 transaction, whichever is appropriate.
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This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. Viewing the Client Copy Logs 1. 2. 3. 4.
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Log on to any client in the “target” SAP system. Go to transaction SCC3. On the Client Copy/Transport Log Analysis screen, click the All clients button. From the list of Client copy logs, double click on a client to view summary information for all client copies where this client was the target client. Double click on any of these summary lines to see statistics for a particular copy client job. You may now leave the SCC3 transaction.
Return to Index... Creating and Deleting Clients Creating a Client *** Before adding a new client you should first ask if it will be used in communications with other clients (Central User Administration, source for client copies, etc.) If so, the new client will need to be assigned a Logical System ID that is unique among all the SAP systems in the landscape. It is recommended that all new clients be assigned to a Logical System ID as soon as they are created. *** 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
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Log on to any customizable client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SCC4. On the Display View “Clients”: Overview screen, click the pencil and glasses picture-icon to switch into change mode. On the Display View “Clients”: Overview popup, click the green √ to dismiss the informational message. On the Change View “Clients”: Overview screen, click the New Entries button. On the New Entries: Details of Added Entries screen, fill in Client number and description and the City. Use the Logical system dropdown to assign a logical system ID to the client. Type “USD” in the Std currency box. Select a Client role from the client role dropdown (remember that there can only be one Productive client per SAP system). In the Changes and transports for client-specific objects, Client-independent object changes, Protection: Client copier and comparison tool, and Restrictions when starting CATT and eCATT sections, select the necessary restriction levels from the provided dropdowns. Once all information has been provided, click the Save picture-icon. You will see a Data saved in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. You may now leave the SCC4 transaction.
Deleting a Client 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to the client to be deleted. Go to transaction SCC5. On the Delete Client screen, verify that you are deleting the correct client. If you also want the client deleted for T000 (ie the scc4 entry), put a √ in the □ to the left of Delete entry from T000 by clicking the □. Click the Background button. On the Schedule Client Copy in Background screen, use the Background server dropdown to select the background server on which the job is to run. There should only be one server available in the dropdown. Click the Schedule job button. On the Verification popup, check that everything is correct and click the Continue button.
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On the Start Time popup, if you want the client delete job submitted right away, click the Immediate button. To schedule the delete for a later date and/or time, click the Date/Time button. In the Date/Time section, provide the Scheduled start Date and Time. If you are unsure as to the format of date and time, click on the top-most menu bar System → User profile → Own data. Click on the Defaults tab to see your default date format. Click the Save picture-icon. On the Background Print Parameters popup, select an Output device from the dropdown. Click the green √ to continue. You will receive a client copy confirmation message. Don’t panic, it looks like a client copy confirmation and says nothing about this being a delete job. You can monitor this copy by using transaction SCC3. You may now leave the SCC5 transaction.
Return to Index... Restriction Change Levels in a Client When adding a new client to a SAP system, the information listed in the SCC4 can be confusing. This is a brief explain of the available client restrictions. Client role: The category indicates the role of the client in your R/3 system. Possible roles are: * * * * * *
Production client Test client Training client Demo client Customizing client SAP reference client
This field should be maintained by the customer for Documentary purposes. Release 3.0 also ensures the following: If there is a productive client in the target system, no client copy (remote copy) which also selects cross-client customizing objects may be imported into the system. If cross-client settings are imported, inconsistencies may occur in all clients. In a productive client, customizing settings that can be maintained as "current settings" can be excluded from a client lock or transport links; this means current settings (e.g. exchange rates, posting periods) can always be maintained in a productive client without recording changes. SAP is planning to link further effective functionality to this flag, to enable adequate protection of a productive client in a system with further (test) clients. Other settings for a client: Change and transports for Client Dependent Objects Changes without automatic recording – the client can be customized although the system will not generate change requests.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. Automatic recoding of changes – the client can be customized and all changes are generated into change requests. No changes allowed – no modifications can be made to the client – it is protected or locked. This is the usual configuration for a production client where customization should not be performed. No transports allowed – changes are allowed but cannot be transported. Client-Independent Object Changes Changes to repository and client-independent customizing allowed – no restrictions on this client for changes and development. No changes to client-independent customizing objects - allows for development on repository objects but not client-independent customizing. No changes to repository objects – lets users perform clientindependent customizing but no development or modifications to repository objects. No changes to repository and client-independent customizing objects – this setting prohibits any client-independent modifications and is common on Production systems. Return to Index... Creating a Logical System ID to be Assigned to a Client A logical system gives a client a unique “name” which can be referenced by other clients within the SAP landscape. Once you have created a logical system, use the SCC4 transaction to assign the logical system to a client. Normally, you create the logical system before creating a client so that both start out together. Adding a logical system to a client after the client has been in existence and in use to a long time period could cause referencing problems between that client and the rest of the SAP systems. 1. 2. 3.
Log on to any customizable client in the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SALE. On the Display IMG screen, expand the navigation tree like so: Application Link Enabling (ALE) Sending and Receving Systems Logical Systems Define Logical System
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On the Display IMG screen, click the clock picture-icon to the left of Define Logical System. On the Display IMG popup, click the green √ button to dismiss the informational message. On the Change View “Logical Systems”: Overview screen, click the New Entries button. On the New Entries: Overview of Added Entries screen, fill in the Log. System and Name. The logical system should match the naming convention already in place: LS, such as “LSDEV100” for DEV Client 100. The description should be uniform as well such as “Logical System for DEV Client 100”. Click the Save picture-icon.
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On the Prompt for Workbench request popup, click the blank page picture-icon to create a new change request. On the Create Request popup, fill in the Short description and click the Save picture-icon. You will be returned to the Prompt for transportable Workbench request popup which contains the generated change request number for this system change. Click the green √ to continue. You will receive a Data saved message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. You may now leave the SALE transaction.
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Communications Tasks Creating, Modifying, and Deleting RFC Connections Creating a RFC Connection 1. 2. 3. 4.
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Log on to any client on the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SM59. On the Display and maintain RFC destinations screen, click the Create button. On the RFC Destination screen, type in a RFC destination name. This name should contain meaningful information such as the SID of the SAP system and/or any client numbers. Select the Connection type from the connection type dropdown, and type the connection specifics in the Description box. If the connection type is a “3” (another SAP system), fill in the necessary client logon information in the Logon section. Fill in the Language, Client, User, and Password for an existing user in the target RFC SAP system. This user should be a system or communication user (ie RFC_USER or ALEREMOTE), not a dialog user. Once all this information is provided, press Enter. In the Technical settings section of the RFC Destination screen, type in the name or IP address of the Target host. If the target is another SAP system, enter the number of System number (00 for all SAP systems except BW QAS which needs a 01). Press Enter. On the RFC Destination screen, click the Save picture-icon. You will receive a Destination saved message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. You may now leave the SM59 transaction.
Return to Index... Modifying a RFC Connection 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to any client on the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SM59. On the Display and maintain RFC destinations screen, expand the appropriate RFC destination navigation level and double click the RFC destination to be changed. On the RFC Destination screen, make any necessary changes. Once the information is changed, click the Save picture-icon. You will receive a Destination saved message in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. You may now leave the SM59 transaction.
Return to Index... Deleting a RFC Connection
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 1. 2. 3.
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Log on to any client on the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SM59. On the Display and maintain RFC destinations screen, expand the appropriate RFC destination navigation level and click the RFC destination to be deleted. Click the Delete button. On the Delete destination popup, click the Yes button. You will not receive a confirmation message. You may now leave the SM59 transaction.
Return to Index... Testing a RFC Connection Return to Index...
Database Tasks Creating Database Statistics, Index Rebuilds, and Log Backup Jobs – MS SQL Server Database statistics refresh jobs should be scheduled to run twice daily on all the SAP systems. But occasionally a manual refresh needs to be done due to table reorganization, index rebuild, etc. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Log on to the server using the adm user ID. Open the MS SQL Server Enterprise Manager. Expand the navigator tree until you see the Management entry. Expand it. Right-click on Database Maintenance Plans and click New Maintenance Plan. Use the wizard to create the job you need. You may now close the Enterprise Manager session and log off the server.
Creating Database Statistics, Index Rebuilds, and Log Backup Jobs – Oracle 1. 2. 3. 4.
Log on to the appropriate SAP instance any client. Go to transaction DB13. On the DBA Planning Calender for Oracle Database : Maintain screen, double-click on a blank line on any day in the future. On the Schedule Action for . DD.MM.YYYY popup, use the radio button to turn “on” the task you want to do. For each action, you need to fill in the Start Time in military time format, the Period (Weeks) which is how many weeks between running of this job – blank for one time only, 1 for weekly, 2 for bi-weekly, etc. and Calender if you want to use any calendar except the SAP supplied standard Factory calendar. These are the details for each action: Whole Whole Whole Whole
database offline + redo log or database offline backup or database online + redo log or database online backup Generic tape names for database backup Database backup profile – usually init.sap Options for ReDo log backup Redo log backup Generic tape names for database backup Options for ReDo log backup Partial database offline backup or Partial database online backup Tablespace names to be included in the back up
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. Generic tape names for database backup Database backup profile – usually init.sap Check and update optimizer status Tablespace names to be included in the statistics run Adapt next extents Tablespace names for next extents adaption Check database N/A Verify database Tablespace names to be verified Database backup profile – usually init.sap Cleanup logs N/A 5.
You may now leave the DB13 transaction.
Return to Index... Jobs, Job Logs, and the Job Queue Scheduling a New Job 1. Log on to the appropriate SAP instance and client using BATCH_USER. 2. Go to transaction SM36. 3. On the Define Background Job screen, fill in the Job name field with the new job name. Select a Job Class priority of A for High, B for Medium, and C for Low. It is SAP’s recommendation that all client-owned jobs begin with a Z for identification purposes. And most Basis people recommend the next two characters be the initials for the SAP module for which the SAP instance runs. Like ZBC* for a Basis job, and ZHR* for a Human Resources job. Click on the Specify start condition button or press F5. 4. On the Start Time popup, click the Immediate button to start the job right away, or click the Date/Time button to specify a date/time in the future for which the job run. Click “on” the Periodic job radio button and then click the Period values button if you want to schedule to job to run on a periodic basis. Provide the periodic values and click Save back to the main Define Background Job screen. 5. On the main Define Background Job screen, click the Step button. 6. On the Create Step 1 popup, fill in the ABAP program Name and any Variant needed to run the program – you had to have created the variant using BATCH_USER before using it here. Then click Save once more. 7. Back on the Define Background Job screen, check that all the job information is correct and then click the Save button one last time. Return to Index... Modifying a Released or Scheduled Job 1. Log on to the appropriate SAP instance and client as either the user ID owning the job or an administrator ID. 2. Go to transaction SM37. 3. On the Simple Job Selection screen, fill in the Job name field or use any of the screens filtering options to produce a list from which you can see the job to be changed. In order for a job to be changed, it has to have a status of Schedule or Released so turn those statuses “on” and turn the rest “off”. Click on the Execute button. 4. On the Job Overview screen, click “on” the line containing the job to be changed and then click Job → Change.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 5. On the Change Job screen, make your changes and then click Save. If you have more than one occurance of the same job in your list, you must change each job scheduled to run earlier than that job you just changed. Once the job you changed runs, all occurences of the jobs running after that date will be changed as well. Return to Index... Deleting a Released of Scheduled Job 1. Log on to the appropriate SAP instance and client as either the user ID owning the job or an administrator ID. 2. Go to transaction SM37. 3. On the Simple Job Selection screen, fill in the Job name field or use any of the screens filtering options to produce a list from which you can see the job to be deleted. In order for all occurances of a job to be deleted, all statuses of the job should be checked “on”. And enter an all-encompassing date like 01-011990 through 12-31-2010. Click on the Execute button. 4. On the Job Overview screen, click “on” all the perpetent line containing the job(s) to be deleted and then click on the Delete job from database button. 5. On the Delete Scheduled Jobs? popup, confirm the deletion. Return to Index... Viewing the Job Queue 1. Log on to the appropriate SAP instance and client as either the user ID owning the job or an administrator ID. 2. Go to transaction SM37. 3. On the Simple Job Selection screen, fill in the Job name field or use any of the screens filtering options to produce a list from which you can see the job you want to view. In order for all occurances of a job to be viewed, all statuses of the job should be checked “on”. Click on the Execute button. Return to Index... Deleting an Active aka Runaway Job Opinions on this topic vary so these are good guidelines to use. pretty much in the order they should be tried:
These are
1. Kill the session via SM37 or SM04. 2. Try End session through SM50 or cancel program from SM66. 3. If the Work Process in SM50 is in stopped state then killing it will not help much or quickly, you need to identify why it is stopped (running a program on another server, runing in parallel etc.) Try and end those. 4. Kill Work Process in SM50 without core. 5. Kill process or PID via program RSBDCOS0. 6. If all else fails, restart the SAP instance server. The most important things to remember when killing a WP are: 1. Change to restart = no as otherwise the session can jump back in sometimes as most of its memory is not actually living in the WP. 2. Allow it a long time to stop, there is no need to do it twice or 50 times as I have seen some people do, the poor old thing is just trying to recover rollback and reinitialize itself.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. Return to Index... Cleaning the Job Log 1. Log on to the appropriate SAP instance and client. 2. Go to transaction SE38 and type in Program name RSBTCDEL and click on the Execute button. 3. On the Delete batch jobs screen, fill in the filtering information you need. It is suggested that Delete with forced mode be “on”. Click on the Execute button. 4. A status message will appear in the bottom Status Bar as the list of job logs to be deleted is built. Once all the specified job logs have been deleted, a final total of jobs logs cleaned will appear in the bottom Status Bar. Return to Index...
Support Package and Binary Patch Tasks In order to apply new support packages and kernel patches to a SAP system, several preparation steps are required: • • • • •
Checking for new SPAM updates, support packages and kernel patches Downloading the new SPAM updates, support packages, and kernel patches Preparing the new SPAM updates, support packages, and kernel patches for application Applying the new SPAM updates, support packages, and kernel patches Mass recompiling all programs used in patched components
Be aware that SPAM/SAINT update and support package application occurs within the SAP system using the SPAM transaction. These corrections are changes to ABAP program code and must be handled in a special way by SAP. Kernel patches, on the other hand, are fixes to SAP executables found on the SAP server. Kernel patches must be applied when the SAP instance is down. Please refer to the Check for New SPAM Updates, Support Packages and Kernel Patches. Return to Index... Checking for New SPAM Updates, Support Packages and Kernel Patches To check if SAP has released any new software fixes for your release of SAP, you need to know your current support package and kernel release levels. The patching process consists of: -
finding you current patch levels finding what patches you should be applying downloading the patches unCARing the patches loading the patches into the patching EPS queue applying the patches
Return to Index... Find your Current SPAM Update and Support Package Level
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. Method One: 1. 2. 3. 4.
Log on to your SAP instance, any client. On any SAP screen, click System -> Status… On the System: Status popup, click the Component Information button. On the System: Component Information popup, you will see the support package level for each component installed in your current SAP instance.
Method Two: 1. 2. 3. 4.
Log on your SAP instance, any client. Go to transaction SPAM. On the Support Package Manager screen, turn “on” the radion button beside the Imported Support Packages in the Directory section of the screen, and then click Display button. On the OCS Package Directory: Imported Packages screen, you will see a list of all SAP Support Packages imported into your current SAP instance.
Return to Index... Find your Current Kernel Patch Level Method One: 1. 2. 3. 4.
Log on to your SAP instance, any client. Go to transaction SM51. On the SAP Servers screen, click on the server for which you need the information and then click on the Release Notes button. On the SAP Release Information from Server screen, look down the SAP R/3 Kernel information section until you find Kernel Patch number. To the right, you will find the current patch level of your current SAP instance.
Method Two: 1. 2. 3.
Log on to the SAP instance sever using a Telnet session as user adm. Change the Telnet windows properties to use a Screen Buffer Size of 9999. At the Linux prompt, type: disp+work –v
4. 5.
and press ENTER. Scroll back up the listing to where you entered the command in step c. Scroll down the listing untill you find a line beginning patch number. To the right is the patch number for the SAP instance hosted on this server.
Return to Index... Find the Most Current SAP Support Packages It should be noted here that sometimes an older SAP may run on a newer SAP Basis level. For example, CRM 4.0 has a Basis level of a 6.20 instance but runs on a 6.40 kernel. So make sure that the kernel patches you download match the SAP R/3 Kernel located via SM51. 1.
Log on to the SAP Marketplace using an OSS ID with Administration rights – http://service.sap.com/patches.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 2.
In the navigator tree on the right-hand side of the My Application Components screen. For example, to find new patches for CRM Basis expand as follows: Support Packages and Patches My Company’s Application Components SAP CRM SAP CRM 4.0 Entry by Component CRM Server SAP BASIS 6.20
3.
4.
Scroll down the Download screen until you find your current package level. Any support packages after your current level will need to be applied to your SAP System. You may now leave the SAP Marketplace.
Return to Index... Find the Most Current SAP SPAM Update 1. 2.
Log on to the SAP Marketplace using an OSS ID with Administration rights – http://service.sap.com/patches. In the navigator tree on the right-hand side of the My Application Components screen. For example, to find new patches for SPAM/SAINT for CRM 6.20 expand as follows: Support Packages and Patches My Company’s Application Components SAP SPAM/SAINT UPDATE SPAM/SAINT UPDATE 6.20 SPAM/SAINT UPDATE 6.20
3.
4.
Click the Download tab of the SPAM/SAINT UPDATE screen. Find the SPAM/SAINT Update – Version XXX value. If this SPAM version is higher than you current SPAM version, you will need to download and apply the latest SPAM update. You may leave the SAP Marketplace.
Return to Index... Find the Most Current SAP Kernel Patches 1. 2.
Log on to the SAP Marketplace using an OSS ID with Administration rights – http://service.sap.com/patches. In the navigator tree on the right-hand side of the My Application Components screen. For example, to find new patches for CRM 4.0 expand as follows: Support Packages and Patches My Company’s Application Components SAP KERNEL 32-BIT SAP KERNEL 6.40 32-BIT Linux on IA32 32bit ORACLE & #Database independent
3.
Scroll down the Download screen until under the File Name column you find SAPEXEDB*.SAR files. Unless SAP has instructer you to use a different
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 4.
5.
kernel, the most recent SAPEXEDB*.SAR is the one you need to download. You may leave the SAP Marketplace. Now go to the @Database independent section in the same list as ORACLE was displayed. Scroll down the page until you find the SAPEXE*.SAR that matches the same number as the SAPEXEDB*.SAR you found in the previous step. These two files will give you a complete kernel replace. You may leave the SAP Marketplace.
Return to Index... Download SPAM/SAINT Updates 1. 2.
Log on to the SAP Marketplace using an OSS ID with Administration rights – http://service.sap.com/patches. In the navigator tree on the right-hand side of the My Application Components screen. For example, to find new patches for SPAM/SAINT for CRM 6.20 expand as follows: Support Packages and Patches My Company’s Application Components SAP SPAM/SAINT UPDATE SPAM/SAINT UPDATE 6.20 SPAM/SAINT UPDATE 6.20
3.
4.
To download a SPAM/SAINT update, click on the SPAM/SAINT Update Title hyperlink. Click the Download button. On the File Download popup, click the Save button. On the Save As popup, select a location to store the SPAM/SAINT update and click the Save button. Alternatively, you may add the patch to your SAP Download Manager and download all patches in one batch group. Once you have downloaded your SPAM/SAINT updates, you may leave the SAP Marketplace.
Return to Index... Download SAP Support Packages 1. 2.
Log on to the SAP Marketplace using an OSS ID with Administration rights – http://service.sap.com/patches. In the navigator tree on the right-hand side of the My Application Components screen. For example, to find new patches for CRM Basis expand as follows: Support Packages and Patches My Company’s Application Components SAP CRM SAP CRM 4.0 Entry by Component CRM Server SAP BASIS 6.20
3.
4.
To download a support package, click on the package Title hyperlink. Click the Download button. On the File Download popup, click the Save button. On the Save As popup, select a location to store the support package and click the Save button. Alternatively, you may add the patch to your SAP Download Manager and download all patches in one batch group. Once you have downloaded as many support packages as you need to apply, you may leave the SAP Marketplace.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. Return to Index... Download SAP Kernel Patches 1. 2.
Log on to the SAP Marketplace using an OSS ID with Administration rights – http://service.sap.com/patches. In the navigator tree on the right-hand side of the My Application Components screen. For example, to find new kernel patches for CRM 4.0 expand as follows: Support Packages and Patches My Company’s Application Components SAP KERNEL 32-BIT SAP KERNEL 6.40 32-BIT Linux on IA32 32bit ORACLE
3.
4.
To download a kernel patch, click on the SAPEXEDB_.SAR hyperlink. Click the Download button. On the File Download popup, click the Save button. On the Save As popup, select a location to store the kernel patch and click the Save button. Alternatively, you may add the patch to your SAP Download Manager and download all patches in one batch group. Now backup a step and instead of clicking ORACLE, click #Database independent. The full path would look like this: Support Packages and Patches My Company’s Application Components SAP KERNEL 32-BIT SAP KERNEL 6.40 32-BIT Linux on IA32 32bit #Database independent
5.
6.
This produces a list of database independent kernel patches. Scroll down the Download screen until under the File Name column you find SAPEXE_.SAR. Use the same instructions in step 5 to download the patch. Make sure that the version number of your database independent files matches the version number of your MS SQL Server dependent file. Once you have downloaded the kernel patch, you may leave the SAP Marketplace.
Return to Index... Download Other SAP Binary Patches Unlike SPAM/SAINT updates, support packages, and kernel patches, the storage location for other SAP binary patches can be either SAP Marketplace or sapserv1. SAP Marketplace is the normal respository but if you can’t find your patch there, go look on sapserv1. ***Due to the shutdown of the sapserv1x servers in April, this section has been discontinued. Everything should now to accessible via SAP Marketplace.*** Return to Index... Prepare a SPAM/SAINT Update or Support Package for Application Once you have downloaded your SPAM/SAINT Update and/or support package(s), they must be moved to the appropriate transport directory and uncompressed.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 1.
2. 3.
For a SAP instance, move the downloaded K*.?AR file to the /usr/sap/trans/tmp directory on the SAP Transport Domain Server which is normally the DEV server of a SAP “Flavor”. Log on to the appropriate server as adm. Type the following: cd /usr/sap/trans ¬ SAPCAR.EXE -xvf “tmp\*.?AR” ¬
4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
9.
10.
This will unCAR all CAR and SAR files in the \usr\sap\trans\tmp directory to the /usr/sap/trans/EPS/in. Log off the server. Log on client 000 of the appropriate SAP system. Go to transaction SPAM. From the menu bar of the Support Package Manager screen, click Support Package → Load Packages → From application server. On the SPAM: Confirm upload popup, click the green √ picture-icon. The progress of the support package loads will show in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. Scroll down the SPAM: Uploading Packages from the file system screen to make sure your SPAM/SAINT update is listed. Use the Go Back icon to return to the previous screen. You may now leave the SPAM transaction.
Return to Index... Prepare a Kernel Patch for Application Kernel patches must be applied on the SAP server. before a kernel patch can be applied. 1. 2.
3.
Logon the server to be patched The downloaded SAPEXE*.SAR and SAPCAR.EXE. You can place the the SAPCAR.EXE –xvf “*.?AR” to You may now leave the server.
The SAP instance must be down
as adm. SAPEXEDB.SAR files must be uncompressed using SAPEXE*.SAR files in any directory and use unCAR the files.
Return to Index... Prepare other SAP Binary Patches for Application Use the same procedure as Preparing a Kernel Patch for Application. Return to Index... Application of SPAM/SAINT Updates Before you apply the most current SPAM/SAINT, please pull the OSS Note 484219 Known problems with transaction SAINT in Basis Release 6.20 or for whatever version you are using and review any problems you may have adding the SPAM/SAINT patch. Once you have loaded the latest SPAM/SAINT update into your support Package manager buffer, you need to apply the update to your SAP system. 1.
Log on client 000 of the appropriate SAP system.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 2. 3.
4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
Go to the SPAM transaction. From the menu bar of the Support Package Manager screen, click Support Package → Import SPAM/SAINT update. Click the green √ picture-icon to continue. The progress of the SPAM/SAINT update application will be displayed in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. These messages look very similar to the messages generated during a change request transport. When the Restart SPAM popup appears, click the green √ picture-icon to leave the SPAM transaction. Go to the SPAM transaction. You may notice programs compiling in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. This is normal. Once you are again on the Support Package Manager screen, verify that the SPAM status in the Status section of the screen contains a green light. You may now leave the SPAM transaction.
Return to Index... Application of SAP Support Packages Before applying any support packages to your SAP system, release all “repair” change requests to prevent error messages due to locked resources. Repairs are usually advanced corrections obtained from SAP Notes that are eventually accumulated into support packages. So the same objects “repaired” in the advanced corrections will be “repaired” during the application of the support package. Releasing the repair change requests allows the support package to overlay the temporary advanced correction “fix”. Before you apply the most current SPAM/SAINT, please pull the OSS Note 782140 OCS: Known problems with Support Packages in Basis Rel.6.20 or for whatever version you are using and review any problems you may have adding the SPAM/SAINT patch. Once you have loaded the latest support packages into your support Package manager buffer, you need to apply the packages to your SAP system. 1. 2. 3.
4.
5. 6. 7.
Log on client 000 of the appropriate SAP system using a adminitrator user ID that is not DDIC or SAP*. Go to the SPAM transaction. On the Support Package Manager screen, click the Display/Define button to build your import queue. On the Component Selection popup, click on the Comp. ID having support packages you want to install. The component order support packages should be applied is SAP_BASIS, SAP_ABA, SAP_APPL, and PI. A list of all application support packages for the selected component will appear in the Define Queue popup. Select the support packages you want to apply. See SAP Note 782140 for information on restrictions to grouping support packages into queues. The Package ID with the green √ to the left is the highest support package to be placed in the queue. All lower number support packages for this component will be applied as well. Click the green √ picture-icon to confirm the queue. From the menu bar of the Support Package Manager screen, click Support Package → Import queue. On the SPAM: Import Queue popup, read the displayed information and then click the green √ picture-icon to continue. The progress of the support package application will be displayed in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. These messages look very similar to the messages generated during a change request transport.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 8. 9.
10.
When the Imported successfully Information popup displays, click the green √ picture-icon to continue. On the Support Package Manager screen, verify that the SPAM status in the Status section of the screen contains a yellow light and the Next action value is Confirm queue. To confirm that your support packages applied completely, click the green √ picture-icon. A Support Package queue was confirmed message will appear in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. You are ready to build another support package queue, or if you have applied all the necessary support packages, you may now leave the SPAM transaction.
Return to Index... Application of SAP Kernel Patches *** It is recommended that the /usr/sap//SYS/exe/run directory be copied to /usr/sap//SYS/exe/backup_run before replacing the kernel *** 1. 2. 3.
4.
Log on to the appropriate server as adm. Double check that the SAP instance, SAPOSCOL, and SAP_00 services are stopped. To apply the new kernel patch to a R/3 instance, copy the new files into usr\sap\\SYS\exe\run directory. If prompted for overwrites, say yes to all. After the new kernel has been copied make sure that the following file ownerships are correct: All files in /usr/sap//SYS/exe/run /usr/sap//SYS/exe/run/saposcol /usr/sap//SYS/exe/run/br* /usr/sap//SYS/exe/run/sapdba
5.
adm root ora ora
After the successful completion of the kernel patch, you may bring the instance back up and log off the server.
Return to Index... Application of other SAP Binary Patches Use the same procedure as Application of SAP Kernel Patches. Return to Index...
Other SAP Issues SAP System Response Troubleshooting 1.
What has changed since the performance is poor?
2.
System Parameter Changes (RZ10)? Increase in the number of users? Kernel patch? Support Packages? Linux and Oracle patches? Hardware Changes?
Any signs of general problems in the System Log - SM21?
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. 3.
Places to look:
4.
SM50: → Process → Trace → Components – is there a Trace level set? Is it greater than 1? What is the utilization of the work processes? Click the white clock picture-icon. Is the total CPU for the last dialog process > 10 minutes? ST04: Is the database monitor activated? If yes, it should deactivated it in normal operation. ST02: Check the buffering quality. If paging occurs in a buffer, the corresponding parameter should be increased. Also refer to SAP Note 121625 in this context. ST03: → Select a server → Today's Workload: What are the response times? In the case of poor response times, where is most of the time needed? Button 'Top Time': Are there a lot of different transactions with poor response times or are there only a few? Is a certain transaction always slow or only sometimes? ST06: → Detail analysis menu → Hardware Info. To which extent are the hardware resources utilized? Call ST06 at times with poor system performance. What is the CPU utilization? → Goto → Current Data → Snapshot → Top CPU processes and display the main CPU consumers. What is the utilization of the disks? How high is the paging in the base pool?
If only few transactions are affected by the performance problem, you should additionally note the following points: 1. 2. 3. 4.
5.
Look for tables that have experienced unusual monthly growth. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
6.
Check whether modifications were made in the affected or related transactions. ST03: Display the corresponding performance records. SE30: Carry out a runtime analysis for the affected transactions. ST05: If the database times are high, you should generate an SQL trace of the affected transactions to find out whether the database access is carried out in a useful way.
DB02 → Space Statistics button Press Enter on the Tables and Indexes popup History → All objects off/on Click the Months button Click on the first number under the Rows – Chg/Month header and click the Sort button. The sorted results shows the top tables when it comes to rows changes per month. These tables are your “database hogs”.
What is considered “normal” response time? Performance Standards: Response time CPU time Wait time Load time DB request time
-- 1 second (dialog), < 1 second (update) -- approx 40% of average response time -- < 1% of average response time -- < 10% of average response time -- approx 40% of average response time
Database Standards: Direct reads -- < 10 ms Sequential reads-- < 40 ms Changes -- < 25 ms High Value Indications:
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. DB request time –- Database or index problems Load time -- Buffer problems Wait time -- Not enough work processes Locked tasks Long running transactions Return to Index... SAP System Start Up Troubleshooting Whether you are trying to start a brand new SAP instance, or an old one, there are some very specific places to look for information. If this is a brand new SAP instance, and the installation completed 100% successfully, you know that the instance itself must be viable. If your installaion was never able to complete due to the instance not being able to start up, the issue is probably due to lack of resources. Use the sapinst directory to search the installation logs and find your problem. Sort them with “ls – ltr” is see the list sorted in descending order for the ease of viewing. If you have a test searching tool, look for “error” in all files with the suffix “.log”. If your SAP instance has been up and running fine for a good while, then something has probably changed that makes it not come up. • • • • • • • • •
have you changed any instance paramters? did you do a kernel replacement for some reason? have there been SAP Support Packages applied that might necessitate a kernel replacement? have there been OS patches? is the database archiver stuck or hosed? has a crucial directory run out of space? has a semaphore or ipc segment gotten stuck from a previous run? is your memory so fragmented that it can’t get enough primary space to start the instance? has someone changes the directory privileges?
To investigate an unsuccessful start up, look at the logs in the /home/adm directory. Sort them with “ls – ltr” is see the list sorted in descending order for the ease of viewing. If nothing obvious is found, go to the /usr/sap//DVEBMGS00/work directory and do the same thing in this directory. The most useful information can be found in the dev_wx, dev_ms, dev_disp, dev_rfcx, and stderrx files. If all else fails, zip the contains of the /usr/sap//DVEBMGS00/work directory, open a problem with SAP, and attach the zipped file to it. Also provide them with the answers to the above questions as well as your current hardware and database platforms, patch level for SAP support packages, kernel, and the OS, and anything else you might think useful. Return to Index... The Delicate Art of SAP Note Search
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. How often have you seen a posted message saying "I have searched through SAP Notes and can find nothing related to this matter."? And how often have you gone to SAP Marketplace and done a search yourself and found a hit? If we only had a had a nickle... Searching SAP Notes (formerly known as OSS notes) is a science as well as an art. Lets use this error message as an example: "BR051I BRBACKUP 6.10 (80) BR055I Start of database backup: bdmsqjbi.anf 2004-02-27 00.05.42 BR602W No valid SAP license found - please contact SAP" First, you should search the specific error message "BR602W No valid SAP license found". If you get at least one hit, you should read the SAP Note even if it didn't look as if it pertained 100%. Why? Because it might contain information leading to other notes that did pertain, or give you new ideas for more search terms to help narrow the scope of my query. If you didn't find a note that matched the problem, you could make your next search a little less specifc, like "brbackup No valid SAP license found". First you could search for the phrase, and if you had no luck, you could search for all words. And if that produced nothing tangible, you could make it even less specific as in "brbackup SAP license error" or "SAP license error". Normally a very specific query will get you the results you need. But sometimes things get lost in translation. For example, you are applying support packages and get an import error with the following message "Panic! Panic! Panic! there's no object header". Since we speak English and we realize that the SAP product was designed and implemented in Germany, we have to guess that the English word "Panic!" somehow was translated from the German word "Warning!" and that we can temporarily delay a panick attack until we can research the error. Moral of the story? Realize that some things just don't translate correctly from language to language, and search accordingly. If you searched for "Panic! Panic! Panic!" and got no hits, you could try "warning message no object header". Last, and not least, read and become familiar with your SAP Notes. There are certain notes that you pull over and over again due to some task that needs fresh, current and precise information. These are mostly lists of supported printer devices, known problems with applying patches, etc. Return to Index... SAPGui Troubleshooting If a user seems to be experiencing SAPGui errors, several things need to be checked: • • • • • • •
Is the operating system on the user’s workstation patched to the level recommended by SAP? Is the user using a version of SAPGui that is too old for his workstation? Is the user using a version of SAPGui that is not certified for his operating system? Is the user’s workstation having resource problems? Is the user’s workstation connected to the LAN? Can a different user reproduce the same error on the same workstation? Are there any SAPGui patches that have not been applied?
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. Most SAPGui problems can be solved by either a) deleting and reinstalling SAPGui on the workstation, or b) deleting and installing a newer version of SAPGui. Make sure that these lines were added to the services file on the user’s workstation: After you have successfully configured your SAPGui, add these three lines to the bottom of your \Windows\system32\drivers\etc\services file: sapdp00 sapmsR3I #
3200/tcp 3600/tcp
If you have SAP Instances using System Numbers other than 00, you will have to add their equivalents to the services file as well. Also, check if you are having connection problems due to firewall restrictions. And, be sure that your Insert Key is set so that you can type your password in properly – you can delete whatever is in the password field in order to enter your password. If you have never tested connectivity to a SAP instance on the workstation having the connection problem, first you need to make sure that the workstation can connect to the SAP server in some non-SAPGui way. Let’s say your user us trying to connect to System ID (SID) DEV, System Number 00, and IP address 10.1.10.11. Open a DOS-Windows and type this: telnet 10.1.10.11 3200¬ If the screen rolls and goes totally blank then your dispatcher is reachable. You can close the DOS session. If your window never goes completely blank and you set a "Connecting To 10.1.10.11... Could not open connection to the host, on port 3200: Connect failed" error message right under the command you entered, the dispatcher is not reachable. Also, make sure the \Windows\system32\drivers\etc\hosts file on the workstation is correct. For information regarding operating system, resource, and hardware requirements for running SAPGui, see SAP Note 26417 - SAP GUI Resources: Hardware and software. Return to Index... Central User Administration is Not Transferring Change from the CUA Parent Client If CUA stops sending changes from DEV to QAS or PRD, something in the RFC setup has changed. Either the password or the user type for RFC_USER was changed, or the SM59 RFC connection to was changed and is no longer working. Use SCUL in DEV in your DEV CUA parent to list the errors that are occurring. Look for the user you tried to transport but could not. You might see “You are not authorized to change users in group” or “No authorization for group users in role”. This does not mean that YOU are not authorized, it means that the RFC_USER doing the ALE communication between the SAP systems is not authorized. First, reset the RFC_USER password in DEV, QAS, and PRD. And make sure that the user type is Communication and not dialog. Now go to sm59 and do remote logins using the QAS RFC connections. If they work (ie nothing seems to happen after you click the remote logon button) everything should now be fixed. If you get a logon screen for QAS, change the password in the sm59 screen to the same password you changed RFC_USER to in DEV and QAS.
This document is the intellectual property of Jo Spencer and may not be edited without permission. Retry your user change. hosed and down.
If it still doesn’t go to QAS, maybe the QAS system is
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