SOAL UTS FITOKIMIA
Nama
: Ulfa Alya Alya Nadira Putri
NIM
: P17335116045 P17335116045
Ti!"at Ti!"at : #$
P%N&ANTA' FITOKIMIA 1( Sala) *atu *um+,r dari -,m+uata .+at *,+a!ai +,ri"ut/ ",uali((( a( $a)a I.r!ai" +( Taama Taama O+at ( ,2a d( $a)a +a"u *,diaa +i.l.!i" +,ru-a a"*i/ati*,ra ,( Taama liar #( i+a2a) ii m,ru-a"a rua! li!"u- "aia fit."imia/ ",uali((( a( Uraia t,ta! i*.la*i da ".*titu*i *,ya2a "imia dalam taama +( P,r+adi!a ".m-.*i*i *,ya2a "imia taama ( P,r+adi!a *tru"tur *,ya2a "imia taama d( P,!!.l.!a *,ya2a "imia y! dit,mu"a di alam ,( P,r+adi!a *,ya2a a.r!ai" d,!a *,ya2a "imia taama 3( Pada -,m+,laaraya/ fit."imia m,a"u- "aia *,+a!ai +,ri"ut/ ",uali((( a( $.tai fi*i.l.!i da aat.mi tum+u)a +( M.rf.l.!i tum+u)a ( A"tiita* +i.l.!i -ada tum+u)a
d( M.dul *it,*i* .+at lama ,( P,r",m+a!a *tru"tur "imia dalam tu+u) ),2a da mau*ia 4( Fra"*ia*i dii*,+ut u!a dr!a ,"*tra"*i((( a( 8air9Padat +( 8air98air ( 8air9&a* d( &a*9Padat ,( Padat9&a* 5( alam taama t,rda-at ri+ua *,ya2a ya! m,yu*u ",+,rla!*u!a )idu-ya/ *,ya2a t,r*,+ut adala)((( a( M,ta+.lit S,"ud,r da M,ta+.lit Prim,r +( M,ta+.lit S,"ud,r ( M,ta+.lit Prim,r d( M,ta+.lit Kuart,,r da M,ta+.lit Prim,r ,( M,ta+.lit S,"ud,r da M,ta+.lit Kuart,,r
P%NAPISAN FITOKIMIA &OLON&AN ALKALOI/ FLAONOI/ AN TANIN 6( Suatu ara atau t,"i" utu" m,!id,tifi"a*i +i.a"tif ya! +,lum tam-a"/ m,lalui *uatu t,* atau -,m,ri"*aa ya! da-at d,!a ,-at m,mi*a)"a atara +a)a alam ya! m,mili"i "adu!a fit."imia t,rt,tu d,!a +a)a alam ya! tida" m,mili"i "adu!a fit."imia t,rt,tu m,ru-a"a d,fii*i dari((( a( %"*tra"*i +( P,r".la*i Ma*,ra*i
d( S"rii!;-,a-i*a ,( P,yaria 7( $,ri"ut m,ru-a"a )al ya! t,rma*u" "rit,ria -ada *"rii! fit."imia/ ",uali((( a( S,d,r)aa +( 8,-at ( M,mili"i +ata* limit d,t,"*i ya! ",il d( aya m,m+utu)"a -,ralata *,d,r)aa ,( K)a* utu" *atu !.l.!a *,ya2a <( Sala) *atu )al -,ti! ya! +,r-,ra dalam -r.*,dur *"rii! fit."imia adala) -,mili)a -,larut ya! *,*uai d,!a d,raat ",laruta -ada +a)a/ )al da-at di*,+a+"a "ar,a((( a( T,rda-at *,ya2a9*,ya2a !.l.!a lai ya! da-at +,r,a"*i d,!a -,larut +( I".m-ati+ilita* -,larut d,!a +a)a ( a*il -.*itif yata d( ',a"*i -,!,da-a atara +a)a d,!a -,larut ,( Kura!ya d,raat ",laruta =( S,ya2a !.l.!a al"al.id da-at did,t,"*i d,!a ara m,r,a"*i"a d,!a -,r,a"*i((( a( $at, Smit) > M,talf da ?il*tat,r +( May,r da ?a!,r (ra!,d.rf da ?a!,r d( Sal".2*"i da May,r ,( Sal".2*"i da ra!,d.rf
10( ',a"*i atara 8l -,"at da *,r+u" ma!,*ium -ada id,tifi"a*i *,ya2a !.l.!a fla..id a"a m,!)a*il"a !a* +,ru-a((( a( 84 +( # ( 8O# d( 8O ,( N4O 11( 8.t.) *,ya2a . .latil -ada t,r-,.id adala)((( a( Miya" at*iri +( S,*"uit,r-, ( St,r.l d( M..t,r-, ,( it,r-, 1#( Id,tifi"a*i t,r-,.id da-at dila"u"a d,!a -,r,a"*i Li,+,rma9$ur)ard ya! a"a m,!)a*il"a 2ara laruta +,r2ara((( a( M,ra) +( @i!!a ( %da-a d( M,ra) ",u!ua ,( iau ",+irua 13( i+a2a) ii m,ru-a"a *im-li*ia ya! m,!adu! t,r-,.id/ ",uali((( a Zingiber officinalis b. Alpinia officinarum
c. Kaempferia galanga d. Curcuma domestica e. Citrus sp. 14( $,ri"ut m,ru-a"a .t.) *im-li*ia ya! m,!adu! atra"ui. adala)((( a( Cassia angustifolia a)l( +( Carica papaya ( Camelia sinensis d( Citrus sp. ,( Kaempferia galanga 15( K,!uaa !li".*ida atra"ui. -ada -,d,rita ".*ti-a*i *ala) *atuya adala)((( a( P,!)ila! ra*a mula* +( P,a)ar ( Ati+a"t,ri d( Atiamur ,( Atia*i,ta*
T%KNIK %KST'AKSI KON%NSIONAL 16( Suatu -r.*,* ,"*tra"*i +,r!atu! -ada ya! t,r,t,ra di +a2a) ii/ ",uali((( a( $!ia taama ya! a"a di,"*tra"*i +( Kadu!a r,*idu -ada *im-li*ia ( Kadu!a air -ada *am-,l d( @,i* *,ya2a -ada *am-,l ,( Sifat *,ya2a dari *am-,l
17( Sala) *atu ,i* t,"i" ,"*tra"*i yaitu((( a( %"*tra"*i Paa* +( %"*tra"*i $a*a) ( %"*tra"*i 8air d( %"*tra"*i L,m+a,( %"*tra"*i -ar*ial 1<( Sala) *atu t,"i" ,"*tra"*i ya! id,al adala)((( a( M,!,"*tra"*i +a)a d,!a lam+at +( a*il ya! di-,r.l,) ".*i*t, i"a dila"u"a +,rula!9ula! ( Ma)al d( Tida" rama) li!"u!a , a*il ,"*tra"*i *,*uai d,!a ya! dii!i"a 1=( Tuua dila"u"aya ,"*tra"*i di!i yaitu((( a( M,m-,r,-at -r.*,* ,"*tra"*i dalam *u)u "amar +( M,!)idari t,radiya ",ru*a"a *,ya2a +a)a a"tif -ada *am-,l taama a"i+at -,ma*a ( A!ar dida-at"a )a*il ,"*tra"*i ya! ma"*imal d( M,!)idari t,radiya ",ru*a"a *,ya2a +a)a a"tif -ada *am-,l taama a"i+at ",l,m+a-a ,( Utu" +a)a9+a)a ya+! tida" ta)a t,r)adal *u)u *a!at ti!!i #0( %"*tra"*i d,!a m,t.d, d,"."*i dila"u"a -ada +a)a ya! m,m-uyai "ara"t,ri*ti"((( a( a-at larut dalam air da tida" ta)a -aa* +( Tida" da-at larut air da tida" ta)a -aa*
( a-at larut air da ta)a t,r)ada- -aa* d( Tida" da-at larut air da tida" ta)a -aa* ,( a-at larut air da ta)a t,r)ada- ",l,m+a-a
$AAN TUM$UAN #1( P,y,diaa *am-,l ya! +,ar -ada -r.*,* -,yia-a *ala) *atu ya! -ali! -,ti! adala)((( a( M,,tu"a taama a-a ya! a"a diui +( M,,tu"a "adar umla) *,ya2a dalam tum+u)a t,r*,+ut ( M,,tu"a alat a-a *aa ya! )aru* di*ia-"a d( M,,tu"a +a!ia taama ya! a"a di!ua"a ,( M,,tu"a umla) *im-li*ia ya! di!ua"a ##( Taama *,+a!ai .+y," *uatu *tudi/ *a!at +,*ar umla) da ",a,"ara!amaya/ *,)i!!a -,rlu di-ila)9-ila) da di",l.m-.""a m,adi uit9uit t,rt,tu m,ru-a"a d,fii*i dari((( a( Id,tifi"a*i +( Tata ama ( K,m.ta"*..mi d( Ta"*..mi ,( P,m+a!ia *-,*i,* #3( K,tida"+,ratura m,!,ai tata ama tum+u)a +,ra")ir d,!a t,ri-taya *,-,ra!"at ",t,tua ya! m,!atur -,m+,ria ama ",-ada tum+u)a( Utu" da-at m,,ra-"a ama ilmia) *,ara t,-at *,*,.ra! )aru* m,!ua*ai((( a( Farma".-, ,r+al Id.,*ia
+( Farma".-, Id.,*ia ( Materiae Medica Indonesia d( K.d, It,ra*i.al Tataama Tum+u)a KITT , F.rmularium Na*i.al #4( Utu" -,amaa ",la* -ada al!a, di+,ri a")ira((( a( -phyta +( -mycota ( -mycetes d( -opsida ,( -phyceae #5( Id,alya utu" aali*i* fit."imia )aru* di!ua"a ari!a tum+u)a ya!((( a( T,la) di",ri!"a +( T,rlidu! dari *u)u ti!!i ( S,!ar d( $,+a* mi"r..r!ai*m, ,( $,+a* ".t.ra
S%NA?A M%TA$OLIT S%KUN%' #6( a*il -r.*,* "imia ,i* lai ya! t,radi )aya -ada *-,*i,* t,rt,tu *,)i!!a m,m+,ri"a -r.du" ya! +,rlaia *,*uai d,!a *-,*i,*ya dimaa -,raya adala) utu" -,rta)aa diri m,ru-a"a d,fii*i dari((( a M,ta+.lit Prim,r +( M,ta+.lit S,"ud,r
( M,ta+.lit T,r*i,r d( M,ta+.lit Kuart,,r ,( S,ya2a a"tif -ada taama #7( La.*t,r.l da *i"l.art,.l m,ru-a"a *t,r.id alami +,ra*al dari tra*f.rma*i((( a( Tai +( Fla..id ( Trit,r-,.id d( P.lif,.l ,( Al"al.id #<( $,ri"ut m,ru-a"a "la*ifi"a*i *t,r.l +,rda*ar"a a*alya/ ",uali((( a( B..*t,r.l +( Fit.*t,r.l ( Mi".*t,r.l d( K.l,*t,r.l ,( Mari*t,r.l #=( $,ri"ut m,ru-a"a .t.) taama ya! m,!adu! *a-.i/ ",uali((( a( Centella asiatica +( D. elliptica ( Phaleria macrocarpa d( Sida rhombifolia ,( Curcuma anthorrhi!a
30( K,laruta tai t,r)idr.li*i* dalam air yaitu(((
a( Sa!at muda) larut +( Muda) larut ( Larut d( A!a" *u"ar larut ,( Sa!at *u"ar larut
T%KNIK %KST'AKSI NON KON%NSIONAL 31( Sala) *atu t,"i" ,"*tra"*i . ".,*i.al adala) *,+a!ai +,ri"ut/ ",uali((( a( %"*tra"*i +,r+atu !,l.m+a! ultra*.i" +( %"*tra"*i +,r+atu m,da li*tri" +,rd,yut ( %"*tra"*i +,r+atu ,Cim d( %"*tra"*i +,r+atu *u)u ti!!i ,( %"*tra"*i d,!a aira -,larut +,rt,"aa 3#( Pr.*,* fit.i" m,ru-a"a -r.*,* ,"*tra"*i ya! +aru da m,!!ua"a -,larut((( a( Or!ai" +( T.lu, ( idr.flu.r."ar+. d( N9,"*a ,( M,ta.l 33( Sala) *atu ,Cim ya! di!ua"a utu" m,m+atu m,l,-a*"a *,ya2a +a)a a"tif ya! t,ri"at .l,) i"ata )idr.!, da i"ata )idr.f.+i" *,)i!!a da-at m,i!"at"a r,d,m, ,"*tra"*i yaitu((( a( Li-a*,
+( Amilum ( D9!lu".*ida*, d( S,lula*, ,( D9!lu".a*, 34( $,ri"ut m,ru-a"a ",utu!a dari -r.*,* ,"*tra"*i +,r+atu !,l.m+a! mi"r./ ",uali((( a( Lau -,maa*aa ya! l,+i) ,-at +( Tida" di)a*il"aya r,*idu -ada -r.*,* ,"*tra"*i ( &radi, *u)u ya! r,da) d( U"ura -,ralata l,+i) ",il ,( ',d,m, ,"*tra"*i ya! ti!!i 35( T,"i" ,"*tra"*i ya! mam-u utu" m,!ura!i t,radiya d,!rada*i -ada *,ya2a ya! tida" ta)a -aa* adala)((( a( %"*tra"*i +,r+atu !,l.m+a! ultra*.i" +( %"*tra"*i +,r+atu m,da li*tri" +,rd,yut ( %"*tra"*i +,r+atu ,Cim d( %"*tra"*i +,r+atu *u)u ti!!i ,( %"*tra"*i d,!a aira -,larut +,rt,"aa