Managed Pressure Drilling Society of Petroleum Engineers- Ghana Kenny Thomson
Kenny Thomson
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“To Give an introduction to Transocean and our operations in Ghana” Ghana “I t d “Introduce M Managed d Pressure P Drilling” D illi ” – – – – – – –
Explain Conventional drilling E l i M Explain Managed dP Pressure D Drilling illi Advantages of MPD MPD Equipment and Rig Considerations MPD risks and control measures MPD Rewards History / Future of MPD
Close with Questions and Discussion 3
•129 Offshore drilling units •50 Offices and Training centres •30 Countries C •6 of the worlds 7 Continents
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50 High-Specification Floaters 25 Mid-Water Mid Water Floaters
9 High High-Spec Spec Jack Jack-Ups Ups 44 Standard Jack-ups
2 Ultra Deepwater Drillships g p Jack-Ups p 4 High-Spec Under Construction 5
G lf off Guinea Gulf G i Region R i
DSP
MTR ENR
MAR
Region Summary
702 BAL
ADX 135MGLHi7 AD9
JRY
•Ultra Ult D Deepwater t Drillships D ill hi – 2 •Semi Submersibles – 4 •Jack-Ups – 6 6
GSF Monitor
• Jack-up rig pp • Bottom Supported • 25ft-400ft Water Depth • Côte d'Ivoire
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Transocean Marianas Sedco Energy
• Basic spec
• ENR • Semi-Submersible • Dynamically positioned • 7500ft of water
• • • •
MAR Semi-Submersible M Moored d 7000ft of water
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Discoverer Spirit • • • • •
Dynamically positioned 10,000ft of water Self Propelled Drill ship Liberia
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Transocean People • 18,000+ , Employees p y g globally y “Transocean will be Universally recognized for innovation and excellence in unlocking the worlds offshore resources” “We will be our Customers’ trusted partner and their p preferred solution Provider” 10
MPD Definition e to “An adaptive drilling process used to precisely control the annular pressure profile throughout the wellbore”
IInternational Association of t ti lA i ti f Drilling Contractors
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Conventional Surface Eq. Top Drive
Shaker Mud Pump
Mud Pit
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Conventional Drilling
Drilling fluid pumped down string Returns back up annulus to surface p
Drilling fluid provides a barrier against formation pressure Blow Out Preventor
Formation Pressure
To Prevent influx to the wellbore: Bottom Hole Pressure must be greater than Formation Pressure
BHP = Phyd + Pcirc BHP ≥ Pf 13
Drilling Window Theoretical Well Profile with straight lines
Less than Pore Pressure = Influx to Wellbore to Wellbore
Well Depth
Fracture Pressure Pore Pressure Pore Pressure
Drilling Window
Pressure
Greater than Fracture Pressure = Breakdown of formation ie Fluid losses
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Connections While drilling:
BHP = Phyd y + Pcirc Top Drive, Rotates and circulates fluid through drill string
Drill pipes racked
When stopping circulation for Connections:
BHP = Phyd + Pcirc Connection Well Depth Fracture Pressure Bottom Hole Pressure Pore Pressure
Top of drill string
Pressure
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Real life well diagram Narrow Drilling Narrow Drilling Window Cannot afford to loose the pressure from pressure from Circulation, will take an influx
Wellll W Depth
Fracture Cannot increase Pressure mud mud density, will density, will Pore Pressure
break down formation
Pressure 16
Real life well diagram
This Well is Un‐‐Drillable! Un
Fault
Wellll W Depth
Shale
Narrow Drilling Window
Narrow Drilling Narrow Drilling Window Cannot afford to loose the pressure from pressure from Circulation, will take an influx
Fracture Cannot increase Pressure mud mud density, will density, will
Sand
Pore Pressure
break down formation
Pressure 17
MPD Can make C k P Previously i l U Un-drillable d ill bl wells, Drillable.
Two main reasons: • Constant Circulation through connections y , back pressure p applied pp • Pressurised fluid system, at surface to act through entire system Constant and Controlled Bottom Hole Pressure throughout entire section.
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Advantages of MPD Surface Back Pressure
Drilling with MPD g Fluid Density + Friction + back pressure
Drill through Narrow Drilling Windows No loss in Bottom Hole Pressure during Pressure during connections
Well Depth Static weight: Fluid density
Increased visibility of unfavourable well conditions Greater control of down b bottom hole pressure h l
Pressure
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MPD Surface Eq. Top Drive Constant circulation
Mud Gas separator
Shaker
3 Part Telescopic Joint
Mud Pit
Mud Pump
RCD (Rotating Circulating Device)
Surface Annular Flow Spool Top of Marine Riser
Choke manifold
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MPD Equipment Circulating Subs Addition to Drill floor mud manifold Side entry subs on top of each drill pipe stand Drilling fluid routed through Side inlet hose during connections
Next stand Next stand of Drill pipe
Check Valves
Side inlet hose 21
MPD Equipment Rotating circulating device; RCD Positioned in Marine riser string near surface Sealing elements are tight against drillpipe
Sealing elements seal around drillpipe
Bearing rotates with rotates with drillpipe
Elements housed in bearing which c rotates otates with t d drillpipe p pe System is pressurized below RCD Prevents returns fluid returns fluid passing up the annulus
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MPD Equipment Flow Spool Spool, Surface Annular Flow spool directs returning fluid from annulus through flexible flow lines RCD
Surface Surface annular p Flow Spool Flow lines
•
Top of Marine Riser
•
Surface annular in place in case of emergency where annulus pressure mayy exceed RCD pressure rating. g Annular can be closed to work on RCD while maintaining pressurised system
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MPD Equipment Choke Manifold Downstream fluid flow
Coriolis meter
All returns fluid passes through Choke Manifold Hydraulic chokes are where surface back pressure is applied Coriolis Mass flow meter
Flowline hoses
All fluid downstream of Choke Manifold is atmospheric pressure
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MPD Equipment Mud Gas Separator, Separator cuttings cleaning MGS
If gas is detected in returns fluid, it is routed through MGS Gas is vented up to highest point on rig at tip of derrick Fluid continues to Shakers where solids are removed Everything thereafter is the same as conventional drilling
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MPD Equipment Control and Display system
Flow In
Back Pressure
Choke position
Flow Out
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Rig Considerations
MPD equipment in moonpool
Non MPD moonpool
Choke Manifold T l Telescopic Joint i J i t RCD Surface Annular Flow Spool Flow Spool Top of Marine Riser 27
Rig Considerations • E Each h rig i iis unique i with ith diff differentt d designs i and d equipment i t • MPD compatibility is a large scale engineering project
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Rig Considerations Non standard operation p MPD rig up in moonpool We introduce new Operating procedures, Testing regimes, Maintenance plans and Rig up procedures New to our crews, training and familiarisation is essential. essential Training helps ensure a safe and efficient operation
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Risks of MPD & Controls in place No Static flow check
Example Signature tests and trends observed
Downhole problems may be masked by Constant Circulation and Surface Pressure Controls: • Signature testing provides expected trends • Close monitoring of trends carried out by MPD operator
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Risks of MPD & C Controls in place Surface Back Pressure
Drilling with MPD g
Loss of back pressure or circulation
•
• Well will go underbalance Influx may be taken
Fluid Density + Friction + back pressure
Well Depth
Controls: • Redundancy of circulating equipment • Two chokes in choke manifold
Static weight: Fluid density
Pressure
Risks of MPD & C Controls in place Plugging of surface equipment Controls: • Built in redundancy • Flushing points
6” Fl li Flowlines 18” Marine Riser
4” Choke Manifold
6” lines back to shakers 32
Rewards of MPD This is is to Scale!!
Early Kick Detection
People
Assets Environment
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MPD History
PMCD CBHP
Rig Name
Rig Type
Location
Customer
Year
Application
Status
Trident 8
Jack Up
Cabinda
Gulf
2003
PMCD
Completed
Sedco 601
Semi Sub
Indonesia
Santos
2004
PMCD w/ Surface BOP
Completed
Sedco 601
Semi Sub
Indonesia
Santos
2005 - 2006
PMCD w/ Risercap™
Completed
Roger W. Mowell
Jack Up
Malaysia
Talisman
2006 - 2007
CBHP
Completed
Constellation II
Jack Up
Egypt
BP
2007
CBHP HPHT CBHP,
Completed
High Island VII
Jack Up
Gabon
Total
2007
CBHP, HPHT
Completed
Deepwater Frontier
DP Drillship
India
Reliance
2007
CBHP, Concentric Riser
Completed
Actinia
Semi Sub
India
Reliance
2008
CBHP, Concentric Riser
Completed
Arctic III
Semi Sub
Libya
ENI
ECD, HPHT, Reconfigurable Riser
Completed
Harvey H. Ward
Jack Up
Malaysia
Talisman
2009
CBHP
Completed
Shelf Explorer
Jack Up
Malaysia
Talisman
2009
CBHP
Completed
Trident IX
Jack Up
Indonesia
Pearl
2010
UBD (Low Head Drilling)
Completed
Sedco 601
Semi Sub
Malaysia
Petronas
2010
CBHP
Completed
GSF Explorer
DP Drillship
Indonesia
MSEC
2010 - 2011
CBHP, PMCD, Riser Degassing
Ongoing
GSF Rig 135
Semi Sub
Nigeria
Addax
2011 - 2012
CBHP, HPHT
Completed
Actinia
Semi Sub
Malaysia
Petronas
2011 - 2012
PMCD w/Risercap™
Completed
Marianas
Semi Sub
Ghana
ENI
2012
CBHP, HP
Completed
HH Ward
Jack Up
Indonesia
Pertamina
2012
PMCD
Ongoing
Pressurized Mud Cap Drilling Constant Bottom Hole Pressure
HPHT UBD
2008 - 2009
High Pressure and High Temperature Under Balanced Drilling
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MPD Future / CAPM C Constant t t Annular A l P Pressure M Managementt • • •
CAPM™ is a Transocean product D lG Dual Gradient di t D Drillingilli Hi h d Higher density it d down h hole, l lilighter ht flfluid id iin marine i riser i Closed circulating system for enhanced kick detection
Bending the Curve g in Deepwater 35
Sunset, April 13th 2012 Transocean Marianas
“To Give and introduction to Transocean and our operations in Ghana” “Introduce Introduce Managed Pressure Drilling” Advantages: •Constant Bottom Hole Pressure •Navigate Narrow Drilling Windows •Early Kick Detection
Questions? Response Discussion….
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Contact details: Managed Pressure Drilling in Gulf of Guinea Kenny y Thomson ((Nigeria) g )
[email protected] +234 813 767 4883
Ghana Human Resources Enquiries Sheila Ocansey y (Ghana) ( )
[email protected] +233 302 743906
Managed g Pressure Drilling g and CAPM™ Iain Sneddon (UK)
[email protected] +44 1224 427759
Managed g Pressure Drilling g and CAPM™ John Kozicz (US)
[email protected] +1 713/232-7388
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