Form SS1
SPEED (km/h) VEHICLE CLASS
TIME 1 (motor)
2 (car)
3 (van)
4 (truck)
76
120
128
134
97
126
77
144
84
67
54
52
5.30
83
151
132
66
156
140
130
89
98
34
39
57
-
99
80
110
158
140
137
130
80
91
34
61
53
5.45
160
106
96
140
140
126
48
90
60
39
35
43
136
127
78
153
105
140
80
113
63
45
59
32
103
131
138
140
84
126
83
64
53
45
39
42
5.45
127
103
145
97
105
140
63
140
45
56
51
35
-
131
137
131
115
126
84
74
42
63
51
41
50
6.00
160
147
151
158
84
158
66
67
62
36
37
50
84
90
160
115
126
158
104
63
74
69
45
40
37
40
56
105
84
84
69
61
79
59
33
41
6.00
49
49
74
74
66
66
95
96
85
34
38
35
-
58
63
60
70
105
97
63
137
81
36
42
47
6.15
97
88
58
105
140
158
91
148
62
44
33
34
50
63
64
140
90
60
62
77
103
47
61
33
64
63
62
90
105
84
67
80
95
48
34
33
6.15
43
56
44
140
126
66
119
88
86
60
34
32
-
90
53
78
105
55
90
117
147
111
36
40
34
6.30
67
60
56
115
126
79
81
89
66
40
39
50
84
36
76
97
105
115
46
129
110
56
45
37
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
TIME (sec) VEHICLE CLASS
TIME 1 (motor)
2 (car)
3 (van)
4 (truck)
1.66
1.05
0.53
0.50
1.30
1.00
1.64
0.77
1.50
1.88
2.34
2.42
5.30
1.52
0.83
0.78
1.90
0.80
0.70
0.77
0.92
1.29
3.61
3.19
2.23
-
1.27
1.56
1.14
0.80
0.80
0.70
0.77
1.57
1.39
3.69
2.08
2.40
5.45
0.79
1.18
1.31
0.70
0.70
1.00
2.60
1.40
2.10
3.22
3.58
2.95
0.92
0.53
0.73
0.70
1.20
0.70
1.58
1.12
2.00
2.81
2.13
3.89
1.22
0.96
0.91
0.70
1.50
1.00
1.51
1.96
2.38
2.81
3.25
2.97
5.45
0.71
1.22
0.87
1.30
1.20
0.70
1.99
0.90
2.75
2.27
2.48
3.61
-
0.96
0.92
0.96
1.10
1.00
1.50
1.70
2.99
2.00
2.49
3.10
2.54
6.00
0.79
0.66
0.83
0.80
1.50
0.80
1.92
1.88
2.04
3.54
3.39
2.51
1.50
1.40
0.74
1.10
1.00
0.60
1.21
2.00
1.70
1.82
2.79
3.12
3.40
3.12
2.26
1.20
1.50
1.50
1.83
2.06
1.59
2.13
3.85
3.10
6.00
2.56
2.56
2.61
1.70
1.90
1.40
1.32
1.31
1.49
3.67
3.33
3.60
-
2.17
1.99
2.13
1.80
1.20
1.30
2.01
0.72
1.56
3.51
3.00
2.69
6.15
1.30
1.44
2.17
1.20
0.90
0.80
1.39
0.85
2.04
2.88
3.84
3.67
2.51
2.01
1.96
0.90
1.40
2.10
2.03
1.63
1.22
2.68
2.08
3.85
1.96
2.00
2.04
1.40
0.90
1.50
1.89
1.57
1.32
2.61
3.76
3.84
6.15
2.92
2.31
2.86
0.90
1.00
1.90
1.06
1.43
1.47
2.10
3.73
3.89
-
1.40
2.39
1.61
1.20
2.30
1.40
1.08
0.86
1.14
3.48
3.13
3.73
6.30
1.87
4.09
2.26
1.10
1.00
1.60
1.56
1.41
1.91
3.14
3.20
2.54
1.49
3.49
1.66
1.30
1.20
1.10
2.71
0.98
1.15
2.27
4.80
3.44
1. CLASS 1 (Motorcycles) Mean speed : 91 km/h Maximum speed : 160 km/h Minimum speed : 37 km/h 2. CLASS 2 (Cars) Mean speed : 112 km/h Maximum speed : 158 km/h Minimum speed : 60 km/h 3. CLASS 3 (Vans) Mean speed : 86 km/h Maximum speed : 148 km/h Minimum speed : 42 km/h 4. CLASS 4 ( Trucks and Buses) Mean speed : 44 km/h Maximum speed : 69 km/h Minimum speed : 32 km/h
Determine the following speed characteristics : a) Mean speed = 84.3 km/h b) Median speed 70.5 + [
] x 75 = 77.3 km/h
c) Mode speed 59.5 + [
(
] x 65 = 81.2 km/h
)
d) 85-th Percentile speed = 141 km/h e) Standard deviation √
(
)
= 37.4
f) Pace = 60 km/h – 70 km/h
CALCULATION TO CONCLUDE, THE MEDIAN SPEED OF THE DATA IS 77.3 KM/H WHILE THE MEAN SPEED OF THE DATA IS 84.3 KM/H, MODE SPEED IS 81.2 KM/H AND THE STANDARD DEVIATION IS 37.4. BESIDE THAT, THE 85TH PERCENTILE IS 141 KM/H AND THE PACE IS 60 KM/H TO 70 KM/H. THE OBJECTIVE OF THE EXPERIMENTS IS ACHIEVE.
INTRODUCTION: SPEED IS THE RATE OF MOVEMENT OF A VEHICLE, GENERALLY EXPRESSED IN KILOMETERS PER HOUR. A SPOT SPEED STUDY IS A STUDY OF TRAFFIC SPEED AT ONE POINT OR SPOT ON A TRAFFIC WAY.IT CONSIST OF A SERIES OR A SAMPLE, OF OBSERVATIONS OF THE INDIVIDUAL SPEEDS AT WHICH VEHICLES ARE APPROACHING AN INTERSECTION OR PASSING A POINT AT A NON-INTERSECTION LOCATION. THESE OBSERVATIONS ARE USED TO ESTIMATE THE SPEED DISTRIBUTION OF THE ENTIRE TRAFFIC STREAM AT THAT LOCATION, UNDER THE CONDITIONS PREVAILING AT THE TIME OF THE STUDY . SPOT SPEED STUDIES CAN BE USED TO STUDY SPEEDS AT PROBLEM LOCATIONS IN ORDER TO DETERMINE WHETHER SPEEDS ARE TOO HIGH AND IF COMPLAINTS RECEIVED ARE JUSTIFIED, FOR ACCIDENTS ANALYSIS IN ORDER TO DETERMINE THE RELATIONSHIP OF SPEED TO ACCIDENTS WHICH MAY HELP IN DEVELOPING CORRECTIVE MEASURES, AND FOR BEFORE AND AFTER STUDIES IN ORDER TO EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF SOME CHANGE IN CONTROLS OR CONDITIONS. IN RELATION WITH THIS STUDY, THERE HAS BEEN SEVERAL COMPLAINTS OF VEHICLES SPEEDING ALONG THE UTHM-FUJITSU SECTION OF ROAD. THIS POSES A DANGER TO MOTORISTS, PEDESTRIANS AND CYCLISTS AS THERE IS A LOT OF ACTIVITY IN THE AREA. FURTHERMORE, THERE IS PLENTY OF RIGHT-TURNING MOVEMENTS ALONG THIS STRETCH OF ROAD, WITH NO STORAGE LANES PROVIDED FOR RIGHT-TURNERS. THIS IS DANGEROUS BECAUSE THE RIGHT-TURNERS STOP ON THE FAST LANE AND HAVE NO PROTECTION.
OBJECTIVE: THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS STUDY ARE: a) TO DETERMINE THE SPEED CHARACTERISTICS OF TRAFFIC AT THE LOCATION. b) TO JUSTIFY THE PROBLEM OF SPEEDING AT THE LOCATION.
APPARATUS: 1) 2) 3) 4)
RADAR GUN FORMS SS1 AND SS2 GRAPH PAPER (3 NOS) SAFETY VEST
PROCEDURE: 1) IDENTIFY THE SPOT AT WHICH THE SPEED DATA WILL BE COLLECTED. 2) USE THE RADAR GUN TO MEASURE THE SPEED OF VEHICLES ACCORDING TO THEIR RESPECTIVE VEHICLE CLASS – CLASS 1(MOTORCYCLE), CLASS 2(CARS), CLASS 3(VANS AND MEDIUM TRUCKS), AND CLASS 4(LARGE TRUCKS AND BUSES). (MAKE SURE THAT THE OPERATOR OF THE RADAR GUN IS NOT SEEN BY THE MOTORISTS) 3) RECORD ALL SPEED MEASUREMENTS IN FORMS SS1. 4) BASED ON FORMS SS1, DETERMINES THE MEAN, MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM SPEED OF VEHICLES ACCORDING TO THEIR CLASS. COMMENTS ON YOUR FINDINGS. 5) TRANSFER THE DATA IN FORM SS1 AND FORM SS2. 6) PLOT THE FOLLOWING: FRECUENCY HISTOGRAM (PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES VS. SPEED) FRECUENCY DISTRIBUTION CURVE (PERCENTAGE OF VEHICLES VS. SPEED) CUMULATIVE FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION CURVE (CUMULATIVE PERCENTAGES VS SPEED) 7) DETERMINE THE FOLLOWING SPEED CHARACTERISTICS: a) MEAN SPEED b) MEDIAN SPEED c) MODE SPEED d) 85-TH PERCENTILE SPEED e) STANDARD DEVIATION f) PACE 8) COMMENT ON YOUR FINDINGS. 9) DOES YOUR FINDINGS JUSTIFY THE PROBLEM OF SPEEDING AT THE LOCATION? IF IT DOES, WHAT ARE YOUR RECOMMENDATIONS?
DISCUSSION BASED ON THE RESULT, THE OBJECTIVE OF TE EXPERIMENT IS ACHEVE. CAUSE AND ERROR DURING TEST:
WHEN TAKE THE TIME OF THE VEHICLE BETWEEN THE POLE, MAYBE THERE ARE SOME ERROR.
CALCULATION TO CONCLUDE, THE MEDIAN SPEED OF THE DATA IS 128.2 KM/H WHILE THE MEAN SPEED OF THE DATA IS 115.4, MODE SPEED IS 57.4 AND THE STANDARD DEVIATION IS 28.36. BESIDE THAT, THE 85TH PERCENTILE IS 136 KM/H AND THE PACE IS 118/H TO 128 KM/H. THE OBJECTIVE OF THE EXPERIMENTS IS ACHIEVE.
APPENDIX
Form SS2
Speed Class (km/h)
Class Midvalue, x (km/h)
Class Frequency, f
Fx
Percenntage in Class
Cumulative Percentage
30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 90-99 100-109 110-119 120-129 130-139 140-149 150-159 160-169
35 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115 125 135 145 155 165 TOTAL
28 25 23 33 13 23 19 13 10 12 13 16 9 3 240
980 1125 1265 2145 975 1955 1805 1365 1150 1500 1755 2320 1395 495 20230
4.8 % 5.6 % 6.3 % 10.6 % 4.8 % 9.7 % 9.0 % 6.7 % 5.7 % 7.4 % 8.7 % 11.4 % 6.9 % 2.4 % 100.0 %
4.8 % 10.4 % 16.7 % 27.3 % 32.1 % 41.8 % 50.8 % 57.5 % 63.2 % 70.6 % 79.3 % 90.7 % 97.6 % 100.0 %
