FACULTY OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION AND HIGHWAY ENGINEERING
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Ohio State Engineering Lab Report about measuring the speed of traffic flow to determine the safety of the given area.
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Faculty : Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department : Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering Title : SPOT SPEED STUDY
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Speed is the rate of movement of a vehicle, generally expressed in kilometers per hour. A spot speed study is a study of traffic speed at one point or spot on a traffic way. It consists of a series or a sample of observations of the ind ividual speeds at which vehicles are approaching an intersection or passing pa ssing a point at a non-intersection location. These observations are used to estimate the speed distribution of the e ntire traffic stream at that location, under the conditions prevailing at the time of the study. Spot speed studies can be used to study speeds at problem locations in order to determine whether speeds are too high and if complaints received are justified, for accident analysis in order to determine the relationship of speed to accidents which may help in developing corrective measures, and for before-and-after studies in order to evaluate the effect of some change in controls or conditions.
2.0 OBJECTIVE
The objectives of this study are: (a) To determine the speed characteristics c haracteristics of traffic at the study location. (b) To determine the compliance of drivers to the speed limit.
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Faculty : Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department : Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering Title : SPOT SPEED STUDY
3.0 APPARATUS
1. 2. 3. 4.
Radar Gun Forms SS1 and SS2 Graph Paper (3 nos) Safety Vest
4.0 PROCEDURE
1. Identify the spot at which the speed data will be collected. 2. Use the radar gun to measure the speed of vehicles according to their respective vehicle class – Class 1 (Motorcycles), Class 2 (Cars), Class 3 (Vans & Medium Truck s), and Class 4 (Large Trucks & Buses). [Make sure that the operator of the radar gun is not seen by the motorists] 3. Record all speed measurements in Form SS1. 4. Based on Form SS1, determine the mean, maximum and minimum speed of vehicles according to their class. Comment on your findings. 5. Transfer the data in Form SS1 to Form SS2. 6. Plot the following: (a) Frequency Histogram ( Percentage of vehicles vs. Speed ) (b) Frequency Distribution Curve ( Percentage of vehicles vs. Speed ) (c) Cumulative Frequency Distribution Curve (Cumulative percentage vs. Speed ) 7. Determine the following speed characteristics: (a) Mean speed (b) Median speed (c) Mode speed (d) 85-th Percentile speed (e) Standard deviation (f) Pace 8. Comment on your findings. 9. Does your findings justify the problem of speeding at the location? If it does, what are your recommendations?
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Faculty : Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department : Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering Title : SPOT SPEED STUDY
Faculty : Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department : Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering Title : SPOT SPEED STUDY
Form SS2
Speed Class (km/h)
Class Midvalue, x (km/h)
Class Frequency, f
fx
Percentage in Class
Cumulative Percentage
Formulae Mean speed = Σfx n f = frequency of observations in the particular class x = mid-point of each class n = total number of observations = Σf n _ f L 2 f m x C Median speed = L + L = lower limit of the class in which the median lies n = total number of observations f L = cumulative number of observation up to the lower limit of the class in which the median lies f m = number of observations in the class in which the median lies C = speed interval of the group
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Faculty : Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department : Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering Title : SPOT SPEED STUDY
Standard Deviation =
(Σ fx)2 − n 1 n(n 1) Σ fx –
2
−
f = frequency of observations in the particular class x = mid-point of each class n = total number of observations = Σf Terminology Pace = the 10 km/h range in speed in which the highest number of observation was recorded 85th Percentile speed = the speed at or below which 85 percent of the motorists drive on a given road unaffected by slower traffic or poor weather Calculations & Results: 1. Class 1 (Motorcycles) Mean speed : Maximum speed: Minimum speed :
km/h km/h km/h
Class 2 (Cars) Mean speed : Maximum speed: Minimum speed :
km/h km/h km/h
Class 3 (Vans & Medium Trucks) Mean speed : Maximum speed: Minimum speed :
km/h km/h km/h 5
Class 4 (Heavy Trucks & Buses) Mean speed : Maximum speed: Minimum speed :
km/h km/h km/h
All Vehicle Types Mean speed : Maximum speed: Minimum speed :
km/h km/h km/h
Comment :
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Faculty : Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department : Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering Title : SPOT SPEED STUDY
2. a)
Median Speed =
b)
Mean Speed =
c)
Mode Speed =
d)
Standard Deviation =
e)
85 Percentile Speed =
f)
Pace =
th
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Faculty : Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department : Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering Title : SPOT SPEED STUDY
