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salir De Pantalla De autoDiagn0stico !** ;* ;<* =F ;*< **= <>; ;
Definiciones De fallas. - s& &"%* d b+ (ocP) = =* * *<*F ><* * * B+ (135&) ; <<** 72 IC001. E <>; ; ***.
uso De autoDiagn0stico en Pantalla D* 9= ; ;=<*; *F;<; ;<*; * *<** ; * *=<<*<, = ; * *<** *=<*F;< =*< ;= ; **. C=*-7 1*44* 784<*-7 4*; :8*:*27;, 4282 47; :;=4<*-7; - ::7: 7;<:*-7; 8*<*44*, 8F*47; * "0J. A ; 9= ; ;=<*; ;<*; ;< "0J, * =F *=<*F;< ; ** <<* ; ;<; <*; * **F *; **;.
borrar los resultaDos o errores (reset) !** * * *<** ;=<*; * "0", ; <* * ;> * ;=*:
Publicidad
- i-Prot # = =* ; <<* * *<* =; ><* 78 IC001. L* =< ; **** =* <>* * * * @* ; 2 ;=;.
- iK (aKb) = ; ; >; GB ; *** *<; 2 ;=; ;=; * , ; <<** ;< IC001. E $& ; *< * *. !*:* 74=2:, 4* /2=:* 5 +:2-*7; 4 -2*:** +479=; 7::;87-2< * 4* 84** <:*4 -4 <4>2;7: #7 7 1*;2; BA6, :=:- 9= ;2 -;* <: 4 *=*4 - <:*2<7 784<7 8=- -;*:*:47 -;- =;<:* ?+ 7 47; -*<7; -*-7; *<:27:<.
T!cnico Reparador Figura 5
Montaje En el mes de nuestro aniversario, queremos destacar la labor de uno de nuestros principa- les socios comerciales: $Radioinstituto% quien desde hace a"os es uno de los referentes en la ense"anza de electr#nica. El presente informe es una $recopilaci#n de una de las lecciones de la mencionada Instituci#n y pretende dar un enfoque prctico sobre las t!cnicas digitales, tema que estamos desarrollando en nuestro curso de T!cnico Superior en Electr#nica. Aa(+ac$.& ! F!!)$c' P)a' S'b)! Ma+!)$a% B$b%$'#)-"$c' ! Ra$'$&*+$+,+'
Proyectos cerraDura
De
con
4
y
circuitos Digitales
6 Bits - tx
CeRRAduRA digitAl de 4 B itS
' < < < < CD4013, G 4 *<, < < <* < << >G, < * < G < << >, > < <, *
y
rx coDificaDo
G , < 6 *< <. E 1 *> < 4013. $ < <, << 4 <G *< < . A < < (#) (FF1B), < <* < *< < <, < <G
F$#,)a 1
Montaje
F$#,)a 2
<, * <, << < <, G < . L < *< * < <, < *. % < < G, < <. A < < < , << G << <, < < < -
< < 1 < 0 < -. E< <G < < <<. $ < , < < 4013 *< 2 *< <, < G 6 *<, 3 < <. A > < G. F$#,)a 3
Proyectos con Circuitos Digitales E 2 < < < L>? &. < > < 3 < < .
CeRRAduRA digitAl de 6 B itS
# < G 6 *< <<> , * < * < > , * . ! < < CD4010, << @* <> < G. E 4 < < <. $ << 6 - * <, < . E < , <G < < < < 0, %2 < < -@<. A < < FF A 1, <* 1 < < <> < 10. D < < <, - > 1. E 8;7 ;6< ;: 78:: <+ +7::;8766< FF B, +76 7 9 <*6 +* ;<7 ;7 77 9 7 7 A. E;< ;+6+ ; : +76 :;<7 <+;, C, D, E, F.
F$#,)a 4
C < FF F, 15 < <> < %2 <> <<. A < << G . E < G @, * < 1 - < <G < <. E< * < < 0, , < <, > (A), <G < * < < 0 <> . N * > < < 1 <G <, < < < . $ <>, > + B <, ** , *, >. E < < < G, < < * %1 <> < 22. E< << < < < 'CC <G <. M< < < < *, < G G < 100 < . A < < <, * < <> << <, < 'CC <G < < -. D @<
Montaje
F$#,)a 5
G < < < < > <, , <* < < <. ! < < 16 <, * 12 -
F$#,)a 6
<. D* < , < <, >, < > < G<. $ < > 4 *< <, < < * %2
Proyectos con Circuitos Digitales 16 >G <@ BCD. L > <, < MC145027, >< <@G < <.
tRAnSMiSoR
F$#,)a 7
FF D ( 10) @ < FF E F, < < < < < <. %* << < < < << G <, < < , < <, * * < < < . E 5 > < < < L>? CD4050 6 < < .
Conjunto tRAnSMiSoR ReCePtoR CodiFiCAdo
E< > < > << <, < < < < < , < < <. ! < <G < #.F. * << < << * < <. E < < < MC145026 < < G, >G ,
de 4
C AnAleS
E 7 *> < < < <. L G < 300MH, < < 145026 > <. E< < < < < , < < ( G > < 14 K*<G- ). ! < <> 12' <G < <, < << < <<. E < < << N!N > 14, < G < , < < * << <> < 10. D < > , , > < < < < <>< * <<, < < > < 14. E < <G < < *< 15 * << . $ * < << < <, BF199 * <* <* < * &HF. E BF199, BC548, < < < * <, 15 < 0 < < <>, << < < < < < .
Montaje
F$#,)a 8
E L < +B < 548 * G < <, < . E<>< <G < <> 6,8', * 9', . D 9' * L, 2' > : 6,8' + 2' = 8,8'. E < , L . L 1 5 <G; * < <, << @G, * < +B. L << 6,7,9 10, < < > 1 < < << G BCD, < G <.
tRAnSMiSoR
de 16
CAnAleS
B< < < <, < <, < <@ << G BCD <<. ! < , < 1N4148 , < < < < 0
< 15 , 0000 < 1111 *. E 8 *> < < @G < < <. A *>< < : A < < < 0, << <G < << < 14 <G (< = 0000). C < 1 > < < < 6 2 <G 1 G BCD (< = 0001). L < 7 > > < << 6,7, 9 7 << BCD (0111) < @<, *> < 15 < < > <, 15 * (< = 1111), <, < * '%, < <>. E< < < , , <, > > < < <, <> , G BCD, < <. A < > < > . E < < < 16 <, @ << (1111), < 12, <,
Proyectos con Circuitos Digitales *G < , < < < 12, 13, 14 15 <, < , 12. D < < << (1011). L ** <; << >< * * 1 G , < 15 . ! * , * <, < 3 . E #.F. 1,5 H 2,2 H () < < ( < <). E < < 2,7 10 ! >G, < M&#A%A . $ <* , < < <. L < , < > < < < < G > <* <.
ReCePtoR
de 4
C AnAleS CodiFiCAdo
E 9 *> < < * <, < < < , < .
$ << < <> * *, < *. $ < <, << #.F. < < M!$H10, <* < BF92, BF#91, BF#93 BF#96 * <. L < < < << <, < **, #.F. < <. L < << BC550, BC547 > ; < < < * , < < << < . L >> < < 741. ! < < < <, < <, < < MC145027. E < < < << BC547, G , * << N!N . L < 145027 < G BCD A < < <>, D <> 15, 14, 13 12 <><. %* >G
F$#,)a 9
Montaje
F$#,)a 10
<G ('%) * <G > < G <* G <. # '% < BCD, G G 0 (0000) < <G < <, < BCD < < 0. E < < < * < <, < <* BCD '%.
etAPA
de ContRol de 4
C AnAleS
E < < < < <G<. A < *, 4 , , <, << < <. < , G * < . E 10 @ < <. L < 145027 '%, < < CD4081, < AND 2 <. $ < < >< 5027, < < , < < *. D <* > AND, < > < < < 1, < 0.
*> < > '% < < < < <> < 10. L < < < BCD 5027. D < < < 1, * 1 < BCD 5027 1 < <G '%. L, <G, <G '% 0, < 1 5027, < 4081 0, (1.0 = 0). E< G <. C * 145027, <, <G <, <. E << <<, < , <* > < < < * <<. D < < G > 1 <. ! < , < > <> < << < < < < G * <, > 0, < < G < 0. E< < < 145027 > < < >. L < 10 '% << 1F < -
Proyectos con Circuitos Digitales * * <. L < > < < *; < - CD4013 < > < >> < <G. E< < < A <, - * < 1 ", <, < << . & > G * - < , <> . L D , * < < *< < <, <, < <G < 0. D < G . L < > 300A, << , * < < < < < << . D7; 9 ; 86 6;<: :; < 87<6+, <87 ;7 6 7; <7G>;, H6+7 :9;<7 ; 9 *7*6 <6 6 :;;<6+ 9 67 ; 6:7: 50N (12' / 50N = 240A).
E< < << < >, 30A 50A. N , , < < , <, < , < , > . L G < <, <G < < ><. E L < '% <> <<, < <, <G < ( < < G). %* < L * < <>.
etAPA
de C ontRol de 16
CAnAleS
E < < <@ G * G BCD < < 145027, > < CD4514, * BCD < 16 . E< , < 0, * 1 < <>, > $0 ( 11), , < 1 , * 0 > < . E< > 0 <, <> '% < 145027, < <*, < < 4081 0, $1 $15 4514, $0 1. E< @G < < > <. E 11 > < < < < , <G 16 . F$#,)a 11
Montaje A < < , A, B, C, D, '% < < < CD4081, . L < < < < A, B, C, D 4514. E < < < < < G < 0 15 < < 16 @<. ! 0 <> > <, < , <<. E< < < < : % > * <G < , '% < > * > <, $0 > <<, * 1 0. D < * << <* <> < '%, < , <> < $0. E * G < << 0, '% <* * 1 , $0 < > , 1. E < G, < < <G 0, < > < <, * << G <> < > <> <> < 100 < <. E < << < * < G << >< < G ><*< < <G < 4081 4514 G 1 15, 0 < < <>. $ < <, << <> < G 0 <>, < < 1 15 , < * *J L < < > <G: I*< < < <, << >, < 16 , << , , <, >, 1,
2, 3 4 *< < < < . E < G << *< <> . L < *< , 8. ! , < 4 0, 1, 2 3, < < 4. L < 3 13, 14 15, < 10. %* < *< 9 '<, *< <, *< <. E < 4,7' * 7 ><, < *<.
etAPAS
de SAlidA PoSiBleS
L < < 16 , < > < , , < < <, < * . $ << < < <G < * < <,
F$#,)a 12
Proyectos con Circuitos Digitales
F$#,)a 13
< < < *<, * - <<, . %* - 1 < >> 0 >. E< < -. < < > -, < 1, < < < . E 12, 13 14 < * <. E < *> < < < 1 <, << G .
Publicidad
& * < 1 <, < >, < . $ * < , > 0 <>. E 12 > - < <G < < < <; >. L < <G < < < , 8 ><, < < < << . C <>< *,
Montaje
F$#,)a 14
7808 78L08 < 12'. E G@ G > < < < < <<; << CD40174 - < D, < CD4013.
' <* < <, << < 4013, > ("), < < <, < < < <. %* < 0, <> < < , < 4013 <>.
Publicidad
E l M u Ndo
dE loS
M ic ro co Nt ro la do rE S : "l oS t EM po ri ad or ES
a rq ui tE ct ur a#
Microcontroladores y la
eL mundo de Los microconTroLadores Continuando con nuestro curso de microcontrolado- res, en esta edici%n ere- mos qu$ tempori"adores suele tener un micro, c%mo se los emplea ! que tipos de arquitecturas puede pre- sentar la unidad. El conoci- miento de estos componen- tes nos permitir# aan"ar en conocimientos para poder comen"ar con ejem- plos de uso ! programa- ci%n.. ***."!&$e.c$"
Lección 4:
Los Temporizadores y L a a rquiTecTura Temporizadores , ConTadores E &$' ' &&$' <$ &$ ' &$< $$ &$. A $$ ' $ & = , +$; &+$ $< $$ <$. L$ &&$ ' &$' ''$ & & ; ; $%, $? *$ ' $&+, +$& & $$ '& ' . !$ &$' <$ ' &$<. &$ ' $&' ' , %$$ & &$ *$' &$'. E $&$ +$& <$' ; $& $ ' %$ $ *$ 1. L$ $;?$ ' *$$ <$ & && $$. G$ * FR ' 8 16 % &; &' $$ $=&$ & &$'$ .
;Ua 0 ''a ' #%/*, #a 0a %/0+c%! 6/4<$'4 76<$ 5&$'4 ' &7$4< 0640 $4$ 57 70&0$/06, 5 5% /'4
6/ 064 '5 8065 ( 8$4 ' 4*564 0 //06 ' 0&$4 $ /'&A0 5 !1, 0 //06 ' 0$<$4 $ /'&A0 5 !2, 6/ 64$05&744' 5 *7$ $ 4576$' ' $ 456$ !2 - !1). 5 4*5645 5 $7/06$0 &0 5 755 37 800 ' $ 706 :640$, 6$ 6/4<$'4 5 &0846 0 70 &06$'4. Figura 1
Microcontroladores
E $ &$& ' &$. E & = &&$' =&&$.
Figura 2
+C.mo FunCionan los Temporizadores? E $ =&&$ *$' &$' ' &$< $' $ && $ < &$'$ && ' =$ '&$ -&$$', $$ B * ' <$'. $ && ( && ' =$ *$) '$ &$ ?' ' &$' ' &$<, B = &$%$' ' & *' (&$'$ &*') $ &$ $ &$< &$ & $ &&$ ' 4MH<. E =& ' ' $ ' & ' $ $$ '&$ $ (+$$ 256 &*' $; B * ' &). E$ %$ '$$ ' $ ' $$ $$: $ <$ &$' = , ' ' * & = %, ' -&$$' ' $ &. L$ $ ' & $*$ '%'$' $? &'$ <$ -&$$' ;/ $ &.
uTilizando un preesCalador en el FunCionamienTo del Temporizador " -&$$' ' && <$' $$ '' $ &&$ $& '$'. E '& &$ $ 1, 2, 4 = $ $'$ $$ *$ $ $ $'$. L$ $;?$ ' &&$' ' ' = -&$$' &$' ; $$ ' ' ' &$%$'$ ' ' *$$. E -&$$' <$ &$' &$ ' ?' ' = $*, *$ 2. <$' ; <$' *$'= &$ &$$', > ' <$ ' Fifura 3 =$.
uTilizando una inTerrupCi.n en el FunCionamienTo del Temporizador * ' <$' ' 8 %, $; B ' &% > 255 ( * ' 16 % B 65.535). &' B, <$' &$ $=&$ ; & &<$ ' &. E '$' '%'$ % (9). P' *$$, '%'$ ' &$ $ &, $% &$ $ %'$'. P , $' ' * <$' $$ &$ *', '?$ ' $' $ $ ' &. E & (& $ $ ' &) $ $ &$% $, && &$ ' &&$' & *$. L$ *$ 3 '&% ' $ & &$ ' <$'. A $*$ -&$$' $ <$', '& $ ' '$& $%$$ & ?$ &$ $ && ' *$$ &$.
ConTadores <$' $
E l M u Ndo
dE loS
M ic ro co Nt ro la do rE S : "l oS t EM po ri ad or ES
Figura 4
*$' ' $'$ &&$', '& &$'. E', && &&. L$ B&$ '&$ $$ &$ *$ ' $'$ ; '$& ($&+$) ''$. P , ' <$ $$ '& ' , <$ $$ , : &$ '& $ &$'$ ' $, B ' $& ' ' , $$ &. (''' ' <$').
y la
a rq ui tE ct ur a#
ConverTidor diGiTal , anal.GiCo (d/a) L$ @$ ' ' $ ; ' ' $ ' &&$' (& ; ), $? '% &'$ $$ &&$' '$ '$. E $ *$ 5 ' %$ 0 (0#) ; 1 (5#) +$; $ ' '. " &' $$*&-'*$ && && &$*$' ' & $ @$ &$ B '*$ '&. E $ $$%$, && & B $ B %$ ; ?$ $ $ CP" $$ &$'. E ' <$ $$ ' $ ' $'$. Figura 5
Temporizador perro Guardin WaTCHdoG E *$'= <$' &&$' $ &$' RC &$ '' ' ' &&$'. *$'= = +$%$', &$'$ < &$ +$$ = $ & '%'$ ' * *$ $ @$ ' & ' &&$' ; $ && ' *$$ &$ $ $ &&. E $ &$ $ <$ &$' $'&$'. L$ '$ %$$ +&+ ' &$'$ *$$ &$ $ %&, = $* &. $ && &$ <$' *$'= &&$ *$ $>*& ' *$$, $$ &$' &$ *$, &$ ' *$'= $&$= $ $ && ' *$$, *$ 4. &$ $< (' >&& & $ '$) &$' ' *$$ '$ $$$' ' ' %& , $ ' * &$= $$', <$' *$'= $&$<$= = $, * '%'$= ;, ;a''0a! ;Oc0 ' %%c%*!
E $' ' $ '& B ( $ '*$) <$' ; &$' = $' *$$.
arquiTeCTura inTerna de un miCroConTrolador !' &&$' $&$ <$ ' ' ' %=& ' $&$ '$' H$$' ; #-N$. ' $$ ' ' &$% ' '$ $ CP" ; $ $:
a&%'c'& v$#-n"## L &&$' <$ $ $&$ #- N$ ' ' % ' $ ; ' % ' '$ ' 8 %, *$ 6. C ' '$ &$%$ ' ' $ 8 ?$, % = %&$*$', ; $ &&$& $ ; $ &$<. L$ CP" ' $ && /&% '$ '/ $ $.
Microcontroladores
$ $ RAM. E & $$ ?$ (12, 14 16) ; &&$ $ $ CP" ; $ $ ROM. P &*, $ CP" ' $ && ; $<$ $&& $ $ $ ' '$ $ $ <. P ' * ' $ $ RAM ' 8 % ' $&+, ' '$ ' ' &&$' &$%$ ' $ $ $&+$. D$ & ' $ &$ ' *$$, $$ '$ ' 8 %. E $ $$%$, ' ' '= &$Figura 6 %$ *$$ ; $ '= $&$ = ' 8 % ' $&+. !' *$$ & $$ L ' & ' & $ $ < &&$' = $$&$' $ $ && ; '$ <$ $ ROM $ ' &&$' '> %. P , $*$ ?$ ' *$$ ' +$% ' &$' $ &'* =$. '& * ' $ $ RAM $$' N %$, $ &$'$' ' $ ROM "M '% $$' (&&: & 8, 12, 14 16 %. 4, 6 8 % $'&"MA), &&$' +$= *: $ $ $ && &&$ $ $ CP" > +$& & '$ ' 8 %. 1. L 'a +a/ 'a %/0cc% +*#aa L$ $$ ' '@ $ *:
0 +c%"%ca QU '* 0 b a'%a ( / ca* 'a %/0cc% +aa %c/a <%c"=) 2. S#0% '* 'a %a %/0cc% 0 +c%"%ca *b CU>L a/* '* b a'%a ( / ca* ' c*/%* ' #%/*
a&%'c'& H&& L &&$' <$ $ $&$ ' ' ' % ' '$ ', *$ 7. " ' 8 % ' $&+ ; &&$ $ CP" &
Figura 7
: T** '* a/* ' +*#aa * 0 b/ (8 b%/) ac$*. C** 0 b0 a/* 0/%'%a- * +aa 'c/0a +*#aa /% 0a '7a 5 (12, 14 * 16), /a/* 'a %/0cc% c** ' a/* +0 ' %0'/5a/ a' 0/%'%a /* b%/ a%c%*a'. P* *, /*a 'a %/0cc%* &- c0/a 0 c%c'* a'* 'a %/0cc%* a'/* 0 * * c%c'*. : E' $c$* 0 0 +*#aa ('a ROM) '* a/* /+*a' ('a RAM) / +aa*, +%/ a 'a CPU +* &c0/a * %/0cc%* %0'/5- a/. D%c$* aa c%''a, %/a 0 a'%a 'a 'c/0a * c%/0a 'a RAM (0 aca ' "% 0a %/0cc%), 'a %#0%/ %/0cc% ' +* %* */* b0. : E '* %c*c*/*'a* 0 0/%'%a 'a a0%/c/0a *-N0a, 0ca ab c05/a *%a *c0+a5 a'#9 +*#aa. Ga'/, 'a a*7a 'a %/0cc%* +*#aa *c0+a * '*ca'%a *%a (0a c*/% %"*ac% *b QU b a'%a, %/a 0 'a */a c*/% %"*a- c% *b CU>L a/* b a'%a). S% ba#*, /* * 0a "0'a 7#%a, %* ' ca* 5 "c0/. E '* %c*c*/*'a* 0 0/%'%a 0a a0%/c/0a Haa, ' b0 'a +a'aba +*#aa 5 ac$* 0 0 b/, '* 0 +%/ 0 caa +a'aba +*#aa / c*+0/* +* 0a %/0cc% 0 a/*. E */a +a'aba, 0a '*ca'%a *%a - 0a %/0cc% +*#aa.
