Automatic Vending Machine Cebu Technological University - Main Campus
Project Development
A Thesis Presented to: The College of Technology Cebu Technological University – Main Campus ! Palma "t!# Cebu City $nd "emester "!%! $&'()$&'* Presented by: Ares# Treshia Mae +aranggot# ,r-in Michael .! +ayno# odney /! 0on1ales# 2udy "an Pascual# 0arnet 3agas# 2astine %! 0roup 4 BSMx 3-B
A!"VA# S$%%T
This thesis entitled 5Automatic .ending Machine5 is prepared in and submitted by Ares Treshia Mae# +aranggot ,r-in Michael# +ayno odney# 0on1ales 2udy# "an Pascual 0arnet and 3agas2astine in partial fulfillment of the re6uirements for the degree of +achelor of "cience in Mechatronics has been e7amined and recommended for 8ral ,7amination! T$% A&V'S"!( C"MM'TT%% MA!C'A# &) S"SAS h)&) Chairman# Mechatronics Department
MA!'" ) !%BUCAS* +!)* h)&) Adviser
%ngr) AU# .) ,ABA#A Professor9Member
%&!" ) CU',"* h)&) Professor9Member
M'/U%#'T" A)#AU/#AU/* h)&) Professor9Member
MA!&% T) "C%* h)&) Dean# C8T
Approved by the committee on 8ral ,7amination -ith 0rade0000000000000000000000 MA!C'A# &) S"SAS* h)&) Chairman# Mechatronics Department
MA!'" ) !%BUCAS* +!)* h)&)
Adviser
%ngr) AU# .) ,ABA#A Professor9Member
%&!" ) CU',"* h)&) Professor9Member
M'/U%#'T" A) #AU/#AU/* h)&) Professor9member
MA!&% T) "C%* h)&) Dean# C8T Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the re6uirement for the Degree of the +achelor of "cience in Mechatronics!
8ral ,7amination00000000000000
ABSTRACT
Title
: Innovation of the Automatic Vending M achine of the BSMx 3B 2015-201
!e"ea#che#"
: $# %in Mi chael V Ba#anggot& !o dne' A ( Ba 'no& )u"tin *aga"& T#i"hia Mae A#e"& )ud' +onale"& +a#net San ,a"cual(
Degree
:+"Mechatronics
Adviser
: Mario +! ebucas# Ph! D!
nstitution
: Cebu Technological University ) Main Campus
%ear Completed
: $&'(
/o! of Pages
:
!esearch roblem and Methodology
This study -as conducted to innovate the current Automatic .ending Machine made by the class 4+ of +"M7 in CTU)MC# batch $&';)$&'(! The said innovation -ould have to be able to discern bet-een for-ard and bac<-ard motion and some other ne- features! ,ight =>? +"M7 faculty members and Ten ='&? +"M7 students -ere chosen as respondents in determining the acceptability levels of the project as to functionality# reliability# usability# serviceability# and safety! The arithmetic mean -as used to interpret the data obtained! 1indings
All acceptability levels -ere of the Moderately Acceptable =MA? -ith @ighly Acceptable =@A? solely for the "afety Acceptability evel! 8verall acceptability -as Moderately Acceptable =mean of B!4?! The follo-ing are the means of the
AC."2#%&/%M%T
This study -ould not have been possible -ithout the participation and the guidance of our mentors and our families! The best of our gratitudes to the follo-ing: 8ur Mentor and 8ur Adviser: PAU ! EA+AA# Ph!D! MA8 P! ,+UCA" 2!# Ph!D! 8ur supportive colleagues and friends: +achelor of "cience in Mechatronics 4)+ 8ur Parents: Mr! and Mrs! +aranggot Mr! and Mrs! +ayno Mr! and Mrs! 0on1ales Mr! and Mrs! 3agas Mr! and Mrs! Ares Mr! and Mrs! "an Pascual
&%&'CAT'"
“DESIGN IS NOT JUST WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE OR FEELS LIKE, DESIGN IS HOW IT WORKS” -STEVE JOBS
TAB#% "1 C"T%TS
TT, PA0, )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) i APP8.A "@,,T )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) ii A+"TACT )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) iii AC/83,D0,M,/T )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) iv D,DCAT8/ )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) v TA+, 8F C8/T,/T" )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) vi "T 8F F0U," ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 "T 8F U"TAT8/" )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7i "T 8F TA+," ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7ii
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T@, P8+,M A/D T" "C8P, ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 /T8DUCT8/ ationale ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 Theoretical +ac
C$AT%! 4
P,",/TAT8/ A/A%"" A/D /T,P,TAT8/ 8F DATA ))))))))))))))))) 7 T,C@/CA "P,CFCAT8/" ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 Functions of the Design )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 ACC,PTA+T% Functionality ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 eliability ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 Usability )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 "erviceability ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 "afety )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 C$AT%! 3
"UMMA%# F/D/0"# C8/CU"8/ A/D ,C8MM,/DAT8/ "ummary )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 Findings ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 Conclusion ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 ecommendation )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
C$AT%! 5
8UTPUT 8F T@, "TUD% 8utput of the study ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 Proposed vending machine )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 User 0uide ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 ++80AP@% ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 APP,/DC," )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 A! Cover letter of the Guestioner )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 +! "urvey Guestionnaire for the faculty group and the group of students )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7 CUCUUM .TA, ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
#'ST "1 1'/U!%S
Figure '
Theoretical Frame-or< ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
Figure $
The Flo- of the "tudy )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
Figure 4A
Cebu Technological University Main)Campus: .icinity Map of CTU)MC ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
Figure 4+
.icinity Map of Mechatronics ab 4 ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
Figure B
The Project Development Flo- Chart )))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
Figure ;
+loc< Diagram of Automatic .ending Machine )))))))))))))))) 7
Figure (
"chematic Diagram ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
#'ST "1 '##UST!AT'"S
'llustration Function of the Design )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))
7
'llustration 4Automatic.ending Machine parts ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
#'ST "1 TAB#%
Table
espondents ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
Table 4
Functionality ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))
7 Table 3
Usability ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
Table 5
eliability ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))
7 Table 6
"erviceability ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
Table 7
"afety )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
Table 8
+ill of Materials )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
Table 9
Acceptability of the Automatic .ending Machine as to Functionality )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
Table :
Acceptability of the Automatic .ending Machine as to eliability )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
Table ;
Acceptability of the Automatic .ending Machine as to Usability )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
Table
Acceptability of the Automatic .ending Machine as to "erviceability ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
Table 4
Acceptability of the Automatic .ending Machine as to "afety )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))
7 Table 3
Table "ummary ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7
'ntroduction !ationale
3hen the -orld is running hastily -ith advancement# time is the undisputedly the most valuable resource of all! t becomes inevitable to save the time by all possible means! n places such as shopping malls# -holesale and retail outlets# automation is incorporated for the automatic delivery of products to the customers! A vending machine is a machine that dispenses items such as snac
These
of
vending
machines
operate
based
on
the
application ofelectronics engineering# mechanical engineering# and electrical engineering# -hich are collectively termed as the Mechatronics! Thus# it is proposed in this project to designand fabricate an automatic ball pen vending machine # -ith the application of mechatronics principles# so as to reduce the time ta
the respective coin in the system! t -ill help us to save more time and manual -or< -ill be nullified! The Problem
2astage o< time and the unnecessary cro=ding in the stationary shops especially during exam times)
"cope 8f The Problem
The scope o< this pro>ect is to use mechatronic principle and provide solution
Chapter ' ntroduction As people continue to see< for convenience# more and more technologies are invented! 8ne of these technologies is the vending machine! .ending machines come in different types as they are made for different purposes! .ending Machines are rarely found in the mar
C@APT, '! /T8DUCT8/ Cold and Fro1en .ending Machines: This type is for ice cream# pies and other fro1en foods! Typically# its features include triple pane heated glass that eliminates condensation or frost! There is also an adjustable self)defrosting cycles for a fast cool do-n and recovery! This machine is a great advantage especially to those -ho crave for desserts! i
Figure '!': Cold H Fro1en .ending Machine
C@APT, '! /T8DUCT8/ +ul< .ending Machines These machines come in variety of si1es and styles and they are entirely mechanical! 8peration is done by placing coins and turning a
Figure '!$: +ul< .ending Machines and "tands
C@APT, '! /T8DUCT8/ Coffee or Tea .ending Machines This vending machine has a state)of)the) art bre-ing system and precise ingredient control to satisfy every customers preference! n addition# it has instant or fresh bre- configurations to dispense a broad menu of specialty * coffees and teas! 3ith this vending machine# customers can drin< their favorite coffee in just one touch!
Figure '!4: Coffee or Tea .ending Machine
C@APT, '! /T8DUCT8/ 8ffice "upplies .ending Machines f one forgets to bring a pen or pencil in a very important appointment# theres no need to panic! These office supplies vending machines can be found in public libraries# campuses# airports# and other locations -here office -or
Figure '!B: 8ffice "upplies .ending Machines
C@APT, '! /T8DUCT8/ Drin< and "nac< .ending Machine "nac trays allo-ing configuration for the top selling products! People can buy varieties of snac
Figure '!;: Drin< and "nac
C@APT, '! /T8DUCT8/ ,ntertainment .ending Machine Customers dont need to buy D.Ds to -atch their favorite movies because the entertainment vending machines are found in most fast food chains# restaurants# near entrance of department stores and convenience stores! These machines typically hold more than ;&& D.Ds! They become popular because they offer 6uic< and cheaper entertainment! This self)service machine is combined -ith interactive touch screen# a robotic dis< array system and a -eb)lin
Figure '!(: ,ntertainment .ending Machine C@APT, '! /T8DUCT8/ Change Machines These machines are usually found in laundry shops# restaurants and department stores! Although most of these machines provide bill) to)coin change# some of them accept credit cards or do bill)to)bill change! 8perating the machine is 6uiet simple! %ou just need to insert your bill and ma
Figure '!*: Change Machines Chapter ' Theoretical +ac
vending machine -ill be discussed! The chapter -ill be mainly divided in to t-o parts first the iterature revie- and the the theoretical bac
Chapter ' iterature evien this section -e shall discuss about the significant of the vending machine by investigating its history and then by revie-ing the -or< of previous scholars and engineers to update on the present state of the system to verify its development and aim that should be achieved by our project!
$!$!' Definition
Definition for vending machine is a coin)operated machine for selling merchandise! .ending machine provides various product such as snac
@istory of .ending Machine About $'; +!C# the first vending machine is believed to have been invented in Ale7andria# ,gypt! The mathematician @ero introduced machine that accepted a coin and then dispensed a fi7ed amount of holy -ater! After that# in A!D '&*(# .ending Machine -as updated by Chinese inventors that developed a coin) operated pencil vendor!
,arly '>>&s# the first modern coin)operated vending machines that dispensing post card -ere introduced in ondon# ,ngland! The first vending machine in the U!"! -as built in '>>> by the Thomas Adams 0um Company! The vending machine dispensed a piece of tutti)frutti gum! n late 'K$& and 'K4 higher price installed into the vending machine -as introduces! ,7ample for the product that been sold in the vending that time is soft drin< and nic
$!$!4 elated Projects and 2ournals on .ending Machine The author oger =$&&>? stated that in there paper they describes an e7perimental 2ava client server system and a special purpose hard-are interface to control a Pepsi + vending machine over the 3orld 3ide 3eb! This system allo-s users -ith pre)paid accounts to vend a soda from the Pepsi A machine =-ithout any coins or bills? using a -eb bro-ser such as /etscape or nternet ,7plorer! Anyone -ith a -eb bro-ser may find out if any of his or her favorite sodas are left in the machine! The server soft-are can also notify the vending corporation# via nternet email# -hen each brand of soda needs to be restoc
server! The computer system# an ntel based inu7 machine# runs its o-n -eb server at http:99pepsi!millersv!edu9 and is physically located inside the Pepsi + machine! @o-ever the team -as able to described an e7perimental 2ava client server system and a special purpose hard-are interface to control a Pepsi + vending machine over the 3orld 3ide 3eb! This system allo-s users -ith pre)paid accounts to vend a soda from the Pepsi + machine =-ithout any coins or bills? using a -eb bro-ser such as /etscape or nternet ,7plorer! Anyone -ith a -eb bro-ser may find out if any of his or her favorite sodas are left in the machine! The 2ava server cannot the vending corporation# via email# -hen each soda needs to be restoc
ecological improvement -as performed ta
n conclusion they propose a system that provides a ne- means of payment for non)connected points of sales# mainly targeted to small amount transactions# such as vending machines# par? have done a project on A -ireless vending machine system based on the 0"M net-or< is developed in this paper! First of all# several methods by -hich -e may reali1e -ireless data communication of 0"M net-or< are analy1ed and compared# the overall structure of vending machine system based on U""D is given an in)depth introduction! Furthermore# control modules -hich reali1e data transmission and control function of terminal device# middle-are -hich connects application and +8"" =business operation support system?# and transaction soft-are embedded in U""D platform# are also developed respectively! Finally# the operating support system of -ireless vending machine system is formed# -hich can not only integrate vending machines# U""D platform and payment system together# but also manage sale information# logistic information and consumer information on)line! n conclusion the group -as able to successfully finish vending machine system presented in this paper has been put into use in several provinces and cities for more than t-o years! All performance inde7es of the system are satisfying! n this project the author -rites about a "ingle ,lectron Devices =",D? are promising for future U" technology because of their ultra)lo- po-er consumption# higher density of integration and s-itching speed! "tructure of ",D
is based on the discrete nature of electrons tunneling through thin potential barriers! The ultimate goal of this -or< is to venture one possible -ay of using electron)tunneling devices instead of conventional M8" transistors to design and simulate an automatic tea9coffee vending system! The proposed vending machine -ill establish a good appro7imation for the limits and challenges that ever)shrin
n Conclusion -e have presented an event recognition based approach for monitoring tic?! n this paper the author Fau1ihan =$&&K? fro1en foods are -ell)
n this paper proposes a soft-are integration model of service component architecture in the vending industry! They use this architecture to rapidly integrate related services# substantially reduce development costs# establish innovative services# and provide consumers -ith a brand ne- e7periential shopping environment in retail domain! Mean-hile# -e apply a cloud computing technology to solve the follo-ing problem service over loading in a distributed environment! They also discover many issues that -ill happen -ith system scaling up in smart store# such as virtual integration# location)based shopping service# personal services# and product optimi1ation! Therefore -e use cloud computing to solve these discussed issues! Finally# this paper gives t-o services as an e7ample to be implemented in the vending industry! The research provides a cloud)based integration system that composes other services easily! The results of this research can increase development speed# and decrease poorly)done -or< over again and time consumption! t also ma
unmanned shopL to a station providing several services such as a? various @C'' and 0P" module MC4; has been illustrated! This paper describes the -or@C'' and MC4; and ma
n conclusion the actions may have costs that are commensurate -ith the 6uality of the side information they yield# and an overall per)symbol cost constraint may
be imposed! 3e characteri1e the achievable tradeoffs bet-een rate# distortion# and cost in some of these problem settings! Among our findings is the fact that even in the absence of a cost constraint# greedily choosing the action associated -ith the LbestL side information is# in general# suboptimal! n this paper# the authors compared three stoc<)out policies in vending machine systems# -hich are the no stoc<)out allo-ance policy# stoc<)out policy allo-ing only give)ups# and stoc<)out allo-ance policy# by constructing the respective mathematical
models
for
determining
the
item
allocation
to
storage
compartments and replenishment intervals of vending machines! 3e performed computational e7periments on a test problem in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the three policies -ith respect to system profit! The results sho-ed the substantial advantage of the stoc<)out allo-ance policy over the other t-o policies! This paper compared three stoc<)out policies in vending machine systems# -hich are the no stoc<)out allo-ance policy# stoc<)out policy allo-ing only give)ups# and stoc<)out allo-ance policy# by constructing the respective mathematical models for determining the item allocation to storage compartments and replenishment intervals of vending machines %ang =$&''?! The model of side information Lvending machineL accounts for scenarios in -hich ac6uiring side information is costly and thus should be done efficiently! n this paper# the three)node cascade source coding problem is studied under the assumption that a side information vending machine is available either at the
intermediate or at the end node! n both cases# a single)letter characteri1ation of the available trade)offs among the rate# the distortions in the reconstructions at the intermediate and at the end node# and the cost in ac6uiring the side information are derived under given conditions! n conclusion in this project the Cascade source coding models capture important aspects of multi hop net-or
C@APT, '!Theoretical +ac
Microcontroller is a computer)on)a)chip used to control electronic devices! t is atype of microprocessor emphasi1ing self)sufficiency and cost)effectiveness =LMicrocontrollerL# $&&(?! t is a highly integrated chip that contains all the components comprising a controller! Typically# this includes a CPU# AM# some form of 8M# 98 ports# and timers! Unli
CPU =Central Processing unit? t is a component in computers -hich interprets instructions and processes data contained in computer programs! The CPU is the brains of the computer! "ometimes referred to simply as the processor or central processor# the CPU is -here most calculations ta
nput9output nterface t is the collection of interfaces that different functional units =sub)systems? of an information processing system use to communicate -ith each other# or the signals =information? sent through those interfaces! nputs are the signals received by the unit# and outputs are the signals sent from it! 98 devices are used by a person =or other system? to communicate -ith a computer! For instance#
monitors and printers are considered output devices of a computer! Typical devices for communication bet-een computers are for both input and output# such as modems and net-or< cards =Lnput9outputL# $&&B?
Peripheral Devices
t is a type of computer hard-are that is added to a host computer in order to e7pand its capabilities! More specifically the term is used to describe those devices that are optional in nature# as opposed to hard-are that is either demanded# or al-ays re6uired in principle =LPeripheralL# $&&(?!A peripheral is any computer device that is not part of the essential computer but is situated relatively close by! "ome peripherals are mounted in the same case -ith the main part of the computer# as are the hard dis< drive# CD)8M drive# and /C! 8ther peripherals are outside the computer case# such as the printer and image scanner# attached by a -ired or -ireless connection!
AM =andom Access Memory? The most common computer memory -hich can be used by programs to perform necessary tas
8M =ead 8nly Memory?
A class of storage media used in computers and other electronic devices! +ecause it cannot be -ritten to# its main uses lie in the distribution of firm -are =Lead)only memoryL# $&&(?! t is a memory -hose contents can be accessed and read but cannot be changed!
Cloc< generator t is a circuit that produces a timing signal =
+ill Acceptor 9 .alidator A bill acceptor validates paper currency and then sends a corresponding 98 signal to its output connector! t doesnOt give change# validate coins or scan magnetic cards! +ill acceptors are found in vending and gaming machines# amusements# gasoline pumps# drop safes# automated payment systems and
nternet &s! 3hile in the past# these devices -ere e7tremely susceptible to failure and jamming due to folded or damaged notes# they have improved remar
"$4$ "tandard ")$4$ is a standard for serial binary data interconnection bet-een a DT, =Data terminal e6uipment? and a DC, =Data communication e6uipment?! t is commonly use din computer serial ports! The ,lectronic ndustries Alliance =,A? standard ")$4$)C as of 'K(K defines: ,lectrical signal characteristics such as voltage levels# signaling rate# timing and sle-)rate of signals# voltage -ithstand level# short)circuit behavior# ma7imum stray capacitance and cable length
nterface mechanical characteristics# pluggable connectors and pin identification Functions of each circuit in the interface connector
"tandard subsets of interface circuits for selected telecom applications The standard does not define such elements as character encoding =for e7ample# A"C# +audot or ,+CDC?# or the framing of characters in the data stream =bits per character# start9stop bits# parity?! The standard does not define bit rates for transmission# although the standard says it is intended for bit rates less than $&&& bits per second! Many modern devices can e7ceed this speed =4>#B&& and ;*#(&& bit9s being common# and'';#$&& and $4B&& bit9s ma
Personal ,rror Personal ,rrors may arise from a personal bias of the observer in reading an instrument# in recording an observation# or his particular method of ta
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Statement o< the roblem
The study aims to create an innovation of the Autonatic .ending Machine made by the +"M7 )+ class from $&';! The innovation should be able to vend or deliver its products automatically to its costumer -ith just a single push of the button! t specifically aims to ans-er the follo-ing: '! 3hat are the technical specifications of the Automatic .ending Machine as to: a! Mechanical Design b! ,lectronic Design c! Accuracy and Precision $! 3hat are the acceptability levels of the project in terms of: a! Functionality b! eliability c! Usability d! "erviceability e! "afety
Signi
This study is believed to be beneficial to the follo-ing: ,lectronics Teachers – This study can be used to teach a specific application of the AT>KC$&;' MCU and the mechanical rotary encoder! "tudents – This study provides an e7ample AT>KC$&;' assembly programming for electronics studies! The project could also be used for faster accurate measurements for projects! Community – This project can be useful to get accurate measurements especially for indoor surveying! Future esearchers – The output of this study is a guide for other researchers for brainstorming even more applications of microcontrollers and innovations of other measuring devices! !%S%A!C$ M%T$"&"#"/(
This study used the e7perimental and descriptive research methods! The e7perimental method is used to determine the technical specifications of the project! The descriptive method is used to determine the acceptability levels! 1lo= o< the Study
This study is composed of the three components: the input# process# and the output! The input consists of designing and materials gathering!
The process consists of machining# programming# soldering# assembly# testing# determination of technical specifications# refinery of the project and descriptive statistics for the acceptability of the project!
1#"2 "1 T$% STU&(
PROCESS Testing
Machining Soldering Progamming Assembl
Furnishing !abeling Statistics
INPUT
Designing Technical Drawing Materials Gathering Block Drawing Canvasing Schematic DiagramBudgeting Flow Chart Purchasing Vending Machine
OUTPUT
%nvironment
This study -as conducted in the Mechatronics aboratory 4 in the ground floor of the Technology +uilding of Cebu Technological University Main Campus# ! Palma "t! corner M!2! Cuenco Ave!# Cebu City! !espondents
The respondents are '& students and > faculty members from the Mechatronics Department of Cebu Technological University – Main Campus! Table ' espondent
/umber of respondent
/umber ta
Distribution
"tudents
4&
'&
;(
Faculty
>
>
BB
Total
4>
'>
'&&
'ST!UM%T
The study utili1ed a researcher)made 6uestionnaire constructed based on different readings from different researchers! The 6uestionnaire sought the perception of the respondents regarding the functionality# usability# reliability# serviceability# and safety of the project! Statistical Treatment
The data obtained from the respondents through 6uestionnaires -ere tabulated to obtain information related to each element of the target population!
ercentage*
This is used to determine the number of respondents per hundred -ho chose a specific rating for a specific criterion! P Q '&&fi9/ fi Q number of respondents -ho chose a specific rating for a specific criterion / Q total number of respondents 2eighted mean* x
This is used to determine the average rating for a specific criterion of a specific acceptability category as rated by the respondents! 7 Q ="fi7i?9/ 3here: 7 Q mean of a criterion f Q number of respondents -ho chose a specific rating for a specific criterion 7i Q numerical rating for the criterion / Q total number of respondents Average mean* x
This is used to determine the overall rating for a specific category of an acceptability level! 7 Q ="7i?9/ 7 Q mean of a category 7i Q -eighted mean of a criterion of the category / Q total number of respondents
&e
Mechatronics ) is a multidisciplinary field of engineering that includes a
combination of systems engineering# mechanical engineering# electrical engineering# telecommunications engineering# control engineering and computer engineering!R'SR$S As technology advances# the subfields ofengineering multiply and adapt! MechatronicsO aim is a design process that unifies these subfields! 8riginally# mechatronics just included the combination of mechanics and electronics# hence the -ord is a combination ofmechanics and electronicsJ ho-ever# as technical systems have become more and more comple7 the definition has been broadened to include more technical areas! Arduino Uno ) is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega4$> =datasheet?!
t has 'B digital input9output pins =of -hich ( can be used as P3M outputs?# ( analog inputs# a '( M@1 crystal oscillator# a U"+ connection# a po-er jac<# an C"P header# and a reset button! t contains everything needed to support the microcontrollerJ simply connect it to a computer -ith a U"+ cable or po-er it -ith a AC)to)DC adapter or battery to get started! The Uno differs from all preceding boards in that it does not use the FTD U"+)to)serial driver chip! nstead# it features the Atmega>U$ programmed as a U"+)to)serial converter! Sensors ) are sophisticated devices that are fre6uently used to detect and
respond to electrical or optical signals! ASensor converts the physical parameter =for e7ample temperature# blood pressure# humidity# speed# etc!? into a signal -hich can be measured electrically! #C& li?uid crystal display ) is the technology used for displays in noteboo<
and other smaller computers! i
Coinslot ) An small opening on a vending machine# arcade game machine#
par
&C motor ) is any of a class of electrical machines that converts direct current
electrical po-er into mechanical po-er! The most common types rely on the forces produced by magnetic field! /early all types of DC motors have some internal mechanism# either electromechanical or electronic# to periodically change the direction of current flo- in part of the motor! Most types produce rotary motionJ a linear motor directly produces force and motion in a straight line! Voltage ) an electromotive force or potential difference e7pressed in volts! Series connection ) The defining characteristic of a series circuit is that there is
only one path for electrons to flo-! arallel connection ) The defining of a parallel circuit is that all components are
connected bet-een the same set of electrically common points! #ight-%mitting &iode #%& – is a t-o lead semiconductor light source! t is a p)
n junction diode# -hich emits light -hen activated! 3hen a sutable voltageis applied to the leads# electrons are able to recombine -ith electron holes -ithin the device# releasing energy in the form of photons ! This effect is called electroluminescence# and the color of the light =corresponding to the energy of the photon? is determined by the energy band gapof the semiconductor! rogramming – is the process of ta
notation# a programming language# so that it can be e7ecuted by a computer e7ist# the important first step is need to have the solution! 3ithout an algorithm there can be no program!
C$AT%! 4
T@, ACC,PTA+T% 8F T@, AUT8MATC .,/D/0 MAC@/, A" P,C,.,D +% T@, "TUD,/T" A) 1unctionality
The first to be determined in the survey is the functionality of the device! The results are sho-n in Table! "hould the average mean of the Table be greater or e6ual to: B!;);! the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine is $ighly AcceptableJ 4!;)B!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine is Moderately Acceptable $!;) 4!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine is AcceptableJ '!;)$!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic
.ending Machine is 1airly Acceptable J &!;)'!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine isot Acceptable!
Functionality "even)segment Display 3heel otation
@A (& $&
MA 4& >&
A '&
FA
/A
7 B!; B!$
.D @A MA
UpandDo-nCounting 4& B& 4& Unit Conversion B& (& Average mean Average Percentage 4> ;4 '&
B!& MA B!B MA B!4 MA
egend: @A Q @ighly Acceptable MA Q Moderately Acceptable A Q Acceptable FA Q Fairly Acceptable /A Q /ot Acceptable 7 Q 3eighted Mean .D Q .erbal Description Table sho-s an average mean of B!4 for the acceptability level as to the functionality of the ,lectronic "urveyors 3heel# it isModerately Acceptable!
B) !eliability
The second to be determined in the survey is the functionality of the device! The results are sho-n in Table! "hould the average mean of the Table be greater or e6ual to: B!;);! the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine is $ighly Acceptable J 4!;)B!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine is
Moderately
Acceptable $!;)4!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic
.ending Machine is
AcceptableJ '!;)$!;# the acceptability level as to
functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine is1airly AcceptableJ &!;)'!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine is ot Acceptable!
eliability Precision
@A >&
MA '&
A '&
FA
/A
7 B!*
.D @A
obustness 3heel"urfaceFriction Average mean Average Percentage egend:
'& ;& B& B& B& $& B4
44
4!* B!$ B!$
MA MA MA
$4
@A Q @ighly Acceptable MA Q Moderately Acceptable A Q Acceptable FA Q Fairly Acceptable /A Q /ot Acceptable 7 Q 3eighted Mean .D Q .erbal Description Table sho-s an average mean of B!$ for the acceptability level as to the reliability of the ,lectronic "urveyors 3heel# it isModerately Acceptable!
C) Usability
The third to be determined in the survey is the functionality of the device! The results are sho-n in Table! "hould the average mean of the Table be greater or e6ual to: B!;);! the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine is $ighly AcceptableJ 4!;)B!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine is Moderately Acceptable $!;) 4!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine is AcceptableJ '!;)$!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic
.ending Machine is 1airly Acceptable J &!;)'!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine isot Acceptable!
! Usability Accuracy Applicability Portability
@A (& B&
MA 4& K& 4&
A '& '& 4&
FA
/A
7 B!; 4!K B!'
.D @A MA MA
Average mean Average Percentage egend:
B!$ 44
;&
MA
'*
@A Q @ighly Acceptable MA Q Moderately Acceptable A Q Acceptable FA Q Fairly Acceptable /A Q /ot Acceptable 7 Q 3eighted Mean .D Q .erbal Description Table sho-s an average mean of B!$ for the acceptability level as to the usability of the ,lectronic "urveyors 3heel# it isModerately Acceptable)
&) Serviceability
The fourth to be determined in the survey is the functionality of the device! The results are sho-n in Table! "hould the average mean of the Table be greater or e6ual to: B!;);! the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine is $ighly AcceptableJ 4!;)B!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine is Moderately Acceptable $!;) 4!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine is AcceptableJ '!;)$!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic
.ending Machine is 1airly Acceptable J &!;)'!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine isot Acceptable!
"erviceability "pare partsavailability eparation CircuitTroubleshooting
@A *& *&
MA $&A '& >& $& 4&
FA
/A
B!;7 4!> B!*
.D @A MA @A
Average mean Average Percentage egend:
B!4 44
;&
MA
'*
@A Q @ighly Acceptable MA Q Moderately Acceptable A Q Acceptable FA Q Fairly Acceptable /A Q /ot Acceptable 7 Q 3eighted Mean .D Q .erbal Description Table sho-s an average mean of B!4 for the acceptability level as to the serviceability of the ,lectronic "urveyors 3heel# it isModerately Acceptable!
%) Sa
The last to be determined in the survey is the functionality of the device! The results are sho-n in Table! "hould the average mean of the Table be greater or e6ual to: B!;);! the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine is $ighly AcceptableJ 4!;)B!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine is Moderately Acceptable $!;) 4!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine is AcceptableJ '!;)$!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic
.ending Machine is 1airly Acceptable J &!;)'!;# the acceptability level as to functionality of the Automatic .ending Machine isot Acceptable!
"afety ,lectrical "afety njury@a1ardFree Average Mean
@A MA A K& '& $& *& '&
FA
/A
7 B!K B!' B!;
.D @A MA @A
Average Percentage
;;
B&
;
egend: @A Q @ighly Acceptable MA Q Moderately Acceptable A Q Acceptable FA Q Fairly Acceptable /A Q /ot Acceptable 7 Q 3eighted Mean .D Q .erbal Description Table sho-s an average mean of B!; for the acceptability level as to the safety of the ,lectronic "urveyors 3heel# it is$ighly Acceptable!
C$AT%! 3 SUMMA!(* 1'&'/S* C"C#US'" A& !%C"MM%&AT'"
Summary
This study -as conducted to innovate the current Automatic .ending Machine made by the class 4+ of +"M7 in CTU)MC# batch $&';)$&'(! The said innovation -ould have to be able to dispense the chosen product automatically! ,ight =>? +"M7 faculty members and Ten ='&? +"M7 students -ere chosen as respondents in determining the acceptability levels of the project as to functionality# reliability# usability# serviceability# and safety! The arithmetic mean -as used to interpret the data obtained! "pecifically# its intended to determine the technical specification the project especially regarding its precision and accuracy! The projects design -as based upon commercial Manually operated hygiene vending machine and upon motor rotation monitoring# that is# in using an Arduino uno to control its operation! After the project -as constructed and toubleshooted# its specification and acceptability -ere determined!
1indings The
t -as found that the specification of the project -ere appro7imate enough to that of the commercial ones! Although# it is slightly bigger than average! The accuracy and precision is very high! $! "n the acceptability level o< the &igital Measuring 2heel by the students ! 4)) 4)4) 4)3)
1unctionality !eliability Usability Conclusion !ecommendation
C$AT%! 5 !ationale
The +"M7 4)+# batch $&';)$&'( of CTU)MC# made an automatic vending machine! t basically consists of t-o geared motors and pushbutton that is
po-ered -hen the prescribed amount is inserted in the coinslot ! The device -ould display the amount inserted and -ould despense the product that the costumer have choosen! This study sought to improve the said device and -ould call it the Automatic .ending Machine as it -ould be no- used not only for several product but -ould be used in the automation of dispensing industry! The improvements include: automatic dispense system# po-erless button if the prescribed amount is not inserted# dispensing process -ill stop automatically if a product is dropped! "b>ectives
This section gives the follo-ing: a! Materials used for construction b! 8perating Manual '! 8perating instructions $! Tools for maintenance Automatic Vending Machine
The project has already been discussed regarding its principles and design! @ere# the materials used in construction and instructions for the operation and maintenance -ill be given!
8UTPUT 8F T@, P8P8",D
T,C@/8PAC F8 T@, //8.AT8/
8F T@, MA/UA .,/D/0
MAC@/,=AUT8MATC
.,/D/0 MAC@/,?
Automatic .ending Machine Table '& Parts and Functions of the Device Part
Function
Motor
Main mechanism that drives the spring
"pring
otates and act as a path for the product
Coinslot
Acts as a
!C!D =i6uid
Displays the amount inserted in the coinslot
Crystal Display?
=also serves as a reminder?
Pushbutton
"tarts up the device -hen toggled
!! "ensor
"top 9 resets the device=motor? -hen signal is interrupted
Table '' Parts Material Composition Part Motor
MaterialComposition Metal Coil H
"pring
Music 3ire
Coinslot
Plastic#Aluminum#HCircuit
!C!D= i6uid
i6uid Crytal# H Circuit
Crystal Display? Pussbutton !! "ensor
Plastic Cicuit
Table '$ ,6uipment and Tools /eeded 'te m o)
%?uipmentandTools
1unctions
t is used to measure the length and '
uler
$
Plier
4
"olderingron
B
"olderingead
; ( * > K '&
ron "tand Drill +it Flat ron Tupper-are Cutter 3ood 0lue
the -idth! Used to hold materials and strip -ires! t gives heat for the solder to melt Used to attach t-o metallic material or object# e7! PC. and esistor Used to hold the soldering iron to avoid touching the heated part! Used for mini drill to dig a small hole in the circuit board! Used to heat up the photo paper so that it -ill transfer to Used to store the Ferric Chloride Used to cut un-anted -ires Used to stic< 9 join -ood
''
oc
Pneumatic /ail 0un
'$
"and Paper
'4
Precise cutting of -ood
Table "a-
Table '4 ist of a- Materials a-materials 3ood
Purpose Mainbodyoftheproject
Table 'B +ill of Materials /umber ' $ 4 B ; ( * > K '& '' '$ '4 'B '; '( '* '> 'K $&
Materials Arduino Uno CD=i6uid Crystal Display? ;. 0eared Motor .oltage Adaptor=cannon? ';& esistor Potentiometer Push+utton Coin"lot "pring 3ood Machining ,D "tripps Terminal+loc
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User /uide
The nnovated ,lectronic "urveyors 3heel =Digital Measuring 3heel? is capable of measuring the distance it has traveled in counts of one =each representing $ cm?! "peration Manual ) nsert thethe prescribed amount in 4) Choose product available forthe thecoinslot amount inserted 3) Press the button to start the dispensing process of the choosen product! 5) Claim the dispensed product in the buttom left most side of the bo7 and
,/28%! Maintenance service procedureD
'! f the device do not dispenses chec< if there is product still available! $! Chec< for proper circuit connections! 4! Chec< electronic components functionality and replace if needed!
APPENDICES A##endi$ A epublic of the Philippines C,+U T,C@/880CA U/.,"T% Main Campus# ! Palma "t!# Cebu City C8,0, 8F T,C@/880%
2anuary $$# $&'*
Dear espondents# 0reetingsW The undersigned are conducting a study entitled 5Automatic .ending MachineI! The result of this study -ill be used for nstructional purposes in the Mechatronics Department at the Cebu Technological University and as -ell as for future industrial applications! n this regard# the researchers are humbly re6uesting for your cooperation by ans-ering the 6uestionnaire as honestly and candidly as you can! t is assured data gathered shall be treated -ith utmost confidentiality! %our cooperation and assistance to this study -ill be highly appreciated!
!esearchersD +aranggot# ,r-in Michael .!
+ayno# odney "an Pascual# 0arnet Ares# Trishia Mae 0on1ales# 2udy 3agas# 2ustine
A##endi$ B
Directions. %s ing the rating below #ut a check & ' mark to the column #rovided best re#resents our #erce#tion o( the device)
Scoring Procedures (or *uestionnaires
Scoring Weight
Parametric Scae
Categorica Res!onse
+
,)+-+).
/ighl Acce#table &/A'
,
1)+-,)+
Moderatel Acce#table &MA'
1
2)+-1)+
Acce#table
Ver"a Descri!tion The Digital Measuring 0heel is #erceived to be highl acce#table The Digital Measuring 0heel is #erceived to be moderatel acce#table The Digital Measuring 0heel is #erceived to
2
3)+-2)+
Fairl Acce#table &FA'
3
.)+-3)+
4otAcce#table &4A'
0heel is #erceived to be not acce#table
A! Functionality A ,T C
@A
MA
A
FA
/A
i6uid Coin)slot Crystal Display Arduino Uno programming system DC Motors
+! eliability A ,T C @A obustness Durable Applicable
MA
A
FA
/A
FA
/A
C! Usability A,T C @A MA CD =Displays amount inserted? Compact
A
be acce#table The Digital Measuring 0heel is #erceived to be (airl acce#table The Digital Measuring
Muti)selection of Product
"erviceability A ,T C @A Guic< "ervice Costumer 8riented ,asy to Use Convenience
MA
A
FA
/A
@A
/A
D! "afety A,T C @A @a1ard Free "mooth ,dges 3iring insulation
MA
A
CU!!'CU#UM V'TA%
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"CCUAT'"D +usinessman M"T$%!ES AM%D ,mily .! +aranggot "CCUAT'"D Teacher
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