Lahore College for Women University Department Of O f Architecture
ARCHITEC ARCHITECTURAL TURAL DESIGN DESIGN - V DOCUMENTATION OF TOLLINTON MARKET, LAHORE
SUBMITTED BY: KHIZRA SHAHZAD ROLL # 1428 Session 2012-2017 DATED: DATED: NOV EMBER 3RD , 2015
TOLLINTON MARKET
HISTORY: In
1864 as a result of the Industrial revolution of the 1850’s, 1850’s, a a movement started in the Punjab for developing local arts and industries ind ustries.. Subsequently Subseq uently,, it was decided to organize o rganize the First Punjab Exhibition Ex hibition in Lahore.
To display vast number of exhibits, a special building, now known as Tollinton Market, was erected in the vicinity of the famous Anarkali Bazaar.
While While Mr. Mr. Lockwoo Lockwood d Kipling Kipling,, C.I.E. C.I.E. was Curato Curatorr of the Museum, Museum, the design design o f the buildi building ng was prepared by Bhai Ram Singh. The building was completed in 1894, and all the collections were immedi immediately ately transferred transferred to it.
Sir Robert Montgom Montgomerie erie opened the exhibition in January January 1864.
In May 1864 it was converted into a Central Museum Museum..
In 1893 the Old Central Museum Museum was shifted shifted to the new Building. Building.
In 1895 Sir Ganga Ganga Ram repaired the Halls for converting converting it into a Municipal Municipal Market.
In 1920 the Market was repaired with alterations alterations and named named Tollinton.
The Illustrated Illustrated London News printed a couple of sketches sketches showing showing the façade and the interior of Tollinton market, so important was this exhibition center.
The name Tollinton Tollinton market was the name of o f a Lahore District D istrict Commissioner. Commissioner. It is not clear whether the name was Tollinton or Tollington.
TOLLINTON MARKET
BATTLE BATTLE FOR TOLLINTON TOLLINTON MARKET MARK ET:: 1994 – 2000: 2000: The
Land Mafia [ aka Qabza Group] Group] of Lahore Lahore along with the minions of Lahore Development Development authority authority and the Lahore Municipal Corporation became became the [10 storey] Plaza & Parking Lot protagonists. protagonists. On
the conservation side were the Museum of Lahore, the Pakistan Heritage Foundation , Lahore Conservation Society and the Ajuman-e Mimaran whose President is Kamil Khan Mumtaz .
Dr
Ahmed Hasan Dani was also on the t he board of the La hore Museum and is perhaps the most important & senior archaeologist of Pakistan.
Dr.
Ajaz Anwar held a slide show on 30th October 1994 to "Save Tollinton". In addition he painted a water color of the Tollinton Tollinton Market called Gambit . All
buildings buildings over 75 years old are protected pro tected by the Antiquiti Antiquities es act amended amended in 1992.
The
details of the Tollinton Market Battle are documented in a calendar brought out in 1997 by Dr Ajaz Anwar [Professor at NCA, Lahore] on Tollinton Market.
Around
1994, a group of students at the NCA spontaneously took to the streets and fellow Lahoris joined them in their protest to save the Tollinton market building.
The
government eventually decided to save the Tollinton market building by renovating it and also by donating RS 40 million to carry out the repairs [ actual spent is about Rs 30million].
TOLLINTON MARKET
MEMORIES MEMOR IES OF TOLLINTON TOLLINTON MARKET MARK ET:: Scholars
& Students from the nearby institutions of Punjab University, Government College, King Edward Medical College, and the National College of Arts have always dropped by and served as the plebian/proletarian customers of Tollinton market.
One
remembers remembers the t he Tangiers Tangiers Milk Milk Bar and the Capri Restaurant. Restaurant. Shopping by t he Begums of Lahore Lahore [BOLs] [BOLs] was also a key economic economic indicator. indicator. Al
Fatah stores now near Liberty Market in Gulberg Gulberg was situated situated at the end of o f the building. building.
The
building housed a Meat & Fish Market in one Hall with high roofs and a Vegetable & Fruit market Hall at the other end. In 1950’s 1950’s as as kids we would frequent these places with our shopping mothers. Later
in our 1960’s 1960’s student student days, the favourite snacks were the "Bund Kebabs" with Cokes or a "Hunters Beef" sandwich. Outside on the verandah were the Magazine shops.
During
Christmas, turkeys would be sold by the poultry merchants who eventually [courtesy the foul smell of the chicken refuse refuse ] managed managed to destroy the Tollinton Tollinton market and were moved moved to Jail Road. Tollinton
Market big shoppers /customers have included the rich and powerful, from the governors of Punjab to the senior Civil servants and the feudal gentry.
TOLLINTON MARKET
INTERVENTION FROM FR OM A MUSEU MUSEUM M TO TO A MAR MARKET KET:: The
building was constructed in 1864 to host the Punjab Exhibition which was inaugurated by Lt Governor Sir Robert Montgomery and showcased manufactured goods, antiques and paintings.
Later
that year, one wing of the building served as the Lahore Museum while the remainder was used as a hall for public meetings. A
few decades later, probably in the late 1910s, the building was converted into a market where one could buy fresh fruit and vegetables, groceries and poultry.
A MARKET EVOL EVOLVES: VES: Over
the years, the number of shops in the Market increased and included ones that sold ornaments, spices, tea, books and even birds, much much like Empress Empress Market in Karachi. Karachi. All
this in addition to several dhaabas and restaurants. Unfortunately, although during the Raj it was known to be “spanking be “spanking clean” it clean” it fell prey to neglect neglect and disrepair d isrepair and ceased ceased to be a shopping venue for the city’s the city’s elite. elite.
TOLLINTON MARKET
COMING FULL CIRCLE: CIRCLE:
In 2006, the Market was closed down. again – The interior was renovated and the exterior restored, after which it was converted into a museum once again – the Lahore Heritage Museum. It
comprises three halls, and so far the Museum has only been open to the public on a few occasions such as when seminars, seminars, photography photography and art exhibitions exhibitions have have been held there. Plans
are underway to set up a ‘Hall a ‘Hall of of Fame’ in Fame’ in the Museum, where photographs of well-known residents of Lahore (ranging (ranging from Sir Ganga Ganga Ram, Ram, Rudyard Rudyard Kipling Kipling to Noor Jehan and Ustad Ustad Alah Baksh) will be displayed. displayed. BOOKS, CLOTHES CLOTHES AND MORE: MORE: The
famous Anarkali Bazaar is located nearby which is always worth a trip thanks to the presence of a multitude of stores that deal in art supplies, electronic appliances, fabrics, handicrafts, shoes and stationery.
Mall
Road, for its part, attracts its fair share of visitors, mainly due to well-known bookshops including Siddique Books, Vanguard Books and Co-Opera within its periphery.
IN A NUTSHELL: NUTSHELL:
Although Although
it is a once again a Museum Museum,, this colonial structure structure continues continues to be referred to as Tollinton Market.
And
while much has changed since it was built, it continues to serve as a reminder reminder of the days of o f the Raj.
TOLLINTON MARKET
BUILDING DESIGN: The
original building, modeled after the prevalent bungalow design, utilized encircling verandahs with sloping tiled roofs supported on simple wooden posts.
The
main exhibition hall, with a length of 112', rose above the verandah roof, its pitched roof with gable ends, sporting an array of dormer windows for bringing natural light into the hall.
Two
square towers rose 12' above the roof of the main hall, supplementing the natural light entering the central section of the halls. The
facade was designed to express the wooden structure of the building consisting of posts and a sloping roof fabricated with wooden trusses, while internally brick walls were used to support the trusses. To
introduce a feeling of unlimited space, these walls were punctuated punctuated by a multitude multitude of pointed arch openings openings,, around which displays in the form of stalls were arranged.
TOLLINTON MARKET
Colonial Revival: 1880-1955: 1880-1955: TYPICAL FEA F EATURES: TURES: Accentuated
front door with decorative pediment supported by pilasters or extended forward and supported by slender slender columns columns to form entry porch. Fanlights Façade
and sidelights common; Palladian windows common.
symmetry; symmetry; centered door; aligned windows. windows.
Double-hung
sash windows usually with multi-pane glazing; frequently in adjacent pairs; multi-pane upper sash sash with single single pane lower sash sash and bay windows (not historically accurate) were popular. One-story Broken Door
wings, usually with a flat roof and commonly embellished with a balustrade.
pediments, pediments, rare on origina o riginall colonial structures structures popular in Colonial Revival examples. examples.
surrounds tend to be shallow (less deep) than originals and exhibit machine-planed smoothness.
Dormers,
often with exaggerated, eclectic pediments.
Masonry Masonry
cladding grew in popularity as technology for using using brick or stone veneer improved after 1920
Gable,
Hipped, or Gambrel Gambrel roofs. roofs.
Details
tend to be exaggerated with larger proportions than original elements elements
Details
from two or more types of Colonial styles often combined so pure replicas of a particular style are far less common than eclectic mixtures.
Interior
floor plans are not symm symmetrical etrical and are more open than historic examples
TOLLINTON MARKET
COLONIAL ERA, ARCHITECTURE ARCHITECTURE OF LAHORE:
The The
subcon ubcontin tinent ent was ruled ruled by the British during 1857-1947 1857-1947 during which which they left an impact in the t he region. From
bringing changes to the values, improving infrastructure and adding a new side to the the architectural side of the sub-continent. sub-continent. After
1947 Pakistan came to being but it still had been affected by the changes brought by the British.
Lahoree Lahor
being being the heart heart of Pakis Pakistan tan had gone gone throu through gh several everal
changes. The
British occupation of Lahore took place in a protracted but concerted manner. Differe ferent nt Dif
from from the the Mugh Mughal al arch archit itect ectur uree the the colo coloni nial al era era architecture consisted consisted of simpler simpler designs. designs. The
Mughals focused more on constructions of Forts, Palaces and Mosques Mosques while while the colonial colonial architecture architecture introduced introduced buildings buildings which focus focused ed more ore on benefi benefiting ting the native nativess such as Unive Univers rsities ities to Government offices.
TOLLINTON MARKET
COLONIAL COLONIAL ERA, ARCHITECT ARCHITECTURE URE OF LAHORE: The The
Mugh Mughal arch archit itec ectu ture re used used arch arches es in window windowss, doorw doorway ayss whil whilee the the new new Brit Britis ish h colon colonia iall arch archit itec ectu ture re intro introdu duced ced cubica cubicall shaped shaped buildi building ng with simple imple designs designs ignoring curves and arches. Important
buildings constructed by the British included the High Court, Government College, Tollinton Market and many more. Rather than focusing on massively constructed buildings, the British focused on o n smaller smaller buildings through t hrough which they introduced their own architectural designs into Lahore.
The colonial era architecture had a few basic designs such as handcrafted wooden work, high columns giving support to slopping roofs.
An
example of this is the Tollinton Market. The British intro introdu duced ced the the import importan ance ce of educa education tion in the the region region by constru constructing cting colleg colleges es and unive univers rsiti ities es most most famous famous of which are Aitchison Aitchison College and The Univers University ity of Punjab.
TOLLINTON MARKET INTERIOR VIEW
TOLLINTON MARKET EXTERIOR VIEW