TOOLBOX TALK TOPICS Accidents are preventable
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Abstract
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The Toolbo Toolbox x Talk Talk topics presented presented in this document cover a broad area area o the !"# discipline$ %ost issues are addressed& includin' those related to the (ando (ando 14 )ie )ie #avin #avin' ' Rules$ ules$ #upe #upervi rvisor sors s are are to select select topics topics rom rom this this document or discussion durin' the dail* toolbox talk sessions$ "o+ever& topics or discussion should not be limited to the contents o this document$
TABLE OF CONTENTS 2
Abstract
Document Number: Revision Number: 0 Date:
21-07-2014
The Toolbo Toolbox x Talk Talk topics presented presented in this document cover a broad area area o the !"# discipline$ %ost issues are addressed& includin' those related to the (ando (ando 14 )ie )ie #avin #avin' ' Rules$ ules$ #upe #upervi rvisor sors s are are to select select topics topics rom rom this this document or discussion durin' the dail* toolbox talk sessions$ "o+ever& topics or discussion should not be limited to the contents o this document$
TABLE OF CONTENTS 2
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AFTER THOUGHTS AND REGRETS ACCIDENT COST TO ME AND MY COMPANY
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APPR PPRECIA CIATING ING TH THE HAARD ARDS OF OXY XYA ACET CETYLENE ME MEANS! ANS!! !
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ALCOHOL " THE #OB $ A SAFETY ISSUE A&OIDING ELECTRICAL SHOCKS BACK CARE( YOU CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE) BACK IN#URY PRE&ENTION TIPS BEING MENTALLY PREPARED FOR EMERGENCIES BACKING INTO TROUBLE ,GENERAL SAFETYBE CAUTIOUS .ITH SULFURIC ACID CHOCKING AND BLOCKING COME$A$LONGS/ COFFIN HOISTS " CHAIN HOIST SAFETY CONFINED SPACE ENTRY $ DONT BE A DEAD HERO COMPLACENCY CELL PHONES COLD MEDICATION " DRO.SINESS COMMON SENSE AND ACCIDENT PRE&ENTION CRANE COUNTER.EIGHTS CRANE OPERATIONS $ .ORKING UNDER THE LOAD CLEAR THE AISLES CTDs $$ HO. CAN YOU PRE&ENT THEM5 DERMATITIS DRI&ING IN BAD .EATHER DRI&ER 6UI DRESS THE PART DE&ELOP AND SELL YOUR SAFETY SOLUTIONS DO CELLULAR PHONES CAUSE MO MORE &E &EHICLE ACCIDENTS5 DRUM HANDLING E6UIPMENT HAARDS $ SAFE OPERATION OF FORKLIFTS E6UIPMENT HAARDS $ REPORT UNSAFE E6UIPMENT ERGONOMICS $ THE TERM ERGONOMICS ELECTRICAL HAARDS $ ANATOMY OF AN ACCIDENT EMERGENCY) .HERES THE FIRE EXTINGUISHER5 E6UIPMENT HAARDS $ INSPECTION AND USE OF SLINGS E7 COLI( FOOD SAFETY PRECAUTIONS EATING RIGHT OFFSHORE$FOR SAFETY " HEALTH EIGHT CRANE DANGER SIGNS TO .ATCH FO FOR ELECTR TRIICAL HAARDS $ HIGH &OLTAGE ELECTRICAL BURNS SAFETY SAFETY RU RULES LES FOR PEOPL PEOPLE E .ORK .ORKING ING AROUN AROUND D INDUST INDUSTRIA RIAL L
1% 1' 1* 1+ 19 %1 %% %' %* %2 %+ %3 %9 '1 '' '4 '* '+ '9 40 41 4% 4' 4* 4+ 49 *0 *1 *% *4 *2 *+ *9 21 2% 24
LIFT TRUCKS EMERGENCY EYE .ASH " DELUGE SHO.ERS
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E6UIPMENT SAFETY $ CRANING CONSIDERATIONS E&ERYONE IS RESPONSIBLE FOR SAFETY EYE SAFETY ELECTRICAL SHOCK ELECTRICAL HAARDS EXTENSION CORD SAFETY$TAKE NO CHANCES) EYE PROTECTION( PRESER&E YOUR &ISION FLAMMABLE LI6UIDS $ GASOLINE FORK LIFT FATALITIES FORKLIFT SAFETY FIRE DOORS GENERAL SAFETY $ SIGNS GENERAL SAFETY $ UNSAFE ACTS GENERAL SAFETY $ ATTITUDE AND BEHA&IOR GENERAL SAFETY $ EMPLOYEE RESPONSIBILITY GENERAL SAFETY $ SHIFT .ORK GOOD HYGIENE CAN KEEP YOU HEALTHY GENERAL SAFETY $ CARBON MONOXIDE ,COGENERAL SAFETY$ CONTROLLING STRESS GENERAL SAFETY $ OFFICE SAFETY PRACTICES GENERAL SAFETY $ MAN DO.N))) GENERAL SAFETY $ ITS YOUR DECISION GENERAL SAFETY $ THE BASICS OF SAFETY GAS CYLINDERS GI&E NE. CO$.ORKER YOUR SUPPORT GENERAL SAFETY $ CARELESSNESS GENERAL SAFETY $$ HAARD A.ARENESS GENERAL SAFETY $ CUTS AND BURNS GENERAL SAFETY$ MOTION IN#URIES GENERAL SAFETY $ SAFE ATTITUDES GENERAL SAFETY $ SAFETY AND YOUR SUPER&ISOR HAARDOUS ATMOSPHERES IN CONFINED SPACES H%S $ TOXIC GAS IN OIL " GAS DRILLING HAND TOOL SAFETY HACOMM 8s7 HAMAT 8s7 HAARDOUS .ASTE7
2+ 23 +0 +1 +' +* +2 +3 30 3% 3' 34 3* 32 3+ 33 39 91 9% 94 9* 92 93 100 10% 104 10* 102 103 110 111 11' 11* 112 113
.HAT IS THE DIFFERENCE55 HO. TO READ MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS HAARD A.ARENESS HAARD RECOGNITION HAARDS OF SOL&ENTS HEAD IN#URIES $ AFTER THE FALL HEALTH " SAFETY $ HEAT STRESS DISORDERS HEARING PROTECTION
1%0 1%% 1%4 1%2 1%3 1%9 1'0 4
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HEA&Y E6UIPMENT SAFETY HOUSEKEEPING IS AN IMPORTANT PART OF YOUR #OB HO. TO LIFT SAFELY HYDRAULIC HOSES AND THE DANGER OF LEAKS HO. LOUD IS LOUD5 INDI&IDUAL 6UALITY MAKES THE DIFFERENCE INFECTIOUS DISEASE " FIRST AID TREATMENT LIFT IT T.ICE LOOK OUT FOR YOUR CO$.ORKERS LIMITATIONS OF CARTRIDGE$TYPE RESPIRATORS LADDER SAFETY MATERIAL HANDLING LIFT TRUCKS MACHINE OPERATION RE6UIRES SKILL " THOUGHT MAKE THE BEST USE OF YOUR FIRST$AID KIT O&ER THE COUNTER MEDICATIONS OFFSHORE OPERATIONS$$A SPECIAL EN&IRONMENT OILFIELD OPERATIONS $ RIGGING UP OIL RIG BREAK DO.N AND SET UP OFFICE SAFETY PERSONAL ERGONOMICS PERSON PERSONAL AL PRO PROTEC TECTIO TION N $$ STORA STORAGE/ GE/ MAINT MAINTENA ENANC NCE E AND AND CARE CARE PERS PERSON ONAL AL PRO PROTE TECT CTIO ION N $$ Ar Ar Y:; Y:; Dr Drss ss< < F:r F:r T= T= Occ Occas as>: >:?5 ?5 PERS PERSON ONAL AL PROT PROTEC ECTI TI&E &E E6 E6UI UIPM PMEN ENT T $ RES RESPI PIRA RATO TOR R FIT FIT CHEC CHECK K PERSON PERSONAL AL PROTE PROTECTI CTION ON $ 6UI 6UI $$ SELECT SELECTING ING SUIT SUITABLE ABLE EY EYE E
1'% 1'4 1'* 1'+ 1'9 141 14% 14' 142 14+ 149 1*0 1*1 1*' 1** 1*2 1*3 120 12% 12' 12* 122 122 12+ 12+ 129
PROTECTION PERSON PERSONAL AL PRO PROTEC TECTI& TI&E E E6UIP E6UIPME MENT NT $ EYE EYE IN#UR IN#URY Y PRE PRE&EN &ENTIO TION N 1+0 PERSON PERSONAL AL PROTEC PROTECTIO TION N $ CARE CARE FOR YOUR HALF HALF$MASK $MASK AIR$ AIR$ 1+1 PURIFYING RESPIRATOR PROPER LIFTING PERSONAL TOOLS " E6UIPMENT PERSONAL PROTECTION$PICKING THE PROPER GLO&E PERSONAL FALL ARREST AND FALL RESTRAINT SYSTEMS PARTS .ASHING TANKS $$A SAFETY CHECKLIST) PRE&ENTING STRAINS " SPRAINS PRE&ENTING .ELDING FLASHBACK PROTECTI&E HEAD.EAR PALLET SAFETY REPORTING AND IN&ESTIGATING AN ACCIDENT SCAFFOLD INSPECTIONS SAFETY " SECURITY AFTER HOURS STACKING UP A PILE OF TROUBLE STAIRS AND .ALK.AYS SMOKE DETECTORS $ A LIFE SA&ING .ARNING
1+% 1+' 1+4 1+2 1++ 1+9 131 13' 13* 132 133 190 19% 19' 19*
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SA&E YOUR BACK .HEN .ORKING IN A.K.ARD POSITIONS SE&EN COMMON ACCIDENT CAUSES SHOP HAARDS " TYPICAL INCIDENTS $$ SAFETY AT ALL LE&ELS $$ SPONTANEOUS IGNITION STOP FIRES SAFETY SIGNS TRYING TO DO THE #OB ALONE THE SILENT SICKNESS $ CO POISONING THE TEN COMMANDMENTS OF GOOD SAFETY HABITS THAT CONTAINER ONLY LOOKS EMPTY) THIS@ KILL YOU) SUR&I&ING THE DEADLY SILENT KILLER USING PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS USING " STORING ACETYLENE GAS .HY TAKE A CHANCE5 .HEN YOU LEAST EXPECT IT777LESSONS LEARNED) .HATS THIS IN OUR TOOL BOX) .HAT IS YOUR BACK I65 .AS IT AN ACCIDENT OR .AS IT AN ERROR5 .ATCH YOUR STEP)) DONT SLIP " FALL .HAT YOU DONT KNO. .ARNING( READ THE SIGNS) .HAT IS A HAARDOUS MATERIAL OR CHEMICAL5 .HAT TO DO ABOUT NEAR MISSESNEAR HITS5 .HY DO .E HA&E SAFETY MEETINGS5
19+ 199 %00 %0% %0' %04 %02 %0+ %09 %10 %1% %1' %14 %1* %12 %1+ %13 %%0 %%% %%4 %%* %%+ %%3 %%9 %'1 %'%
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AFTER THOUGHTS AND REGRETS
"o+ oten have *ou said or done somethin' and then later& re/ectin' on *our action& thou'ht to *oursel& "o+ could have done that "ere are some aterthou'hts +hich& unortunatel*& too man* o us have experienced: That3s ho+ +e3ve al+a*s done it beore$ (…before the accident
occurred anyway.) never thou'ht that a little bolt dropped rom that distance +ould cause
so much bleedin'$ (I should have worn a hard hat, I guess.) had taken that rst-aid56R course& probabl* could have helped
him$ (…and chances are, he would still be here.) should have taken care o that board +ith the pro8ectin' rust* nails
earlier$ (Now, I have to take o work to get a tetanus shot.) 9o+& never realied that a re could 'et out o control so ast$ (If I'd
called the re deart!ent before trying to ut it out !yself, I !ight still have a lace to work to!orrow.) kno+ the* +ere al+a*s preachin' that +e should lit +ith the le'
muscles instead o the back muscles$ ("hat the heck is a herniated disk#)
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;or e+ more dollars& could have bou'ht saet* shoes$ ($hat dee cut
in the toe section ruined !y new work boots, and this broken toe still hurts.) %* saet* 'lasses +ere in the tool box& but +as 8ust 'oin' to 'rind o<
this one little piece=$ (I wonder if they'll still let !e drive with only one eye#) 9e +ere onl* 'oin' to use the sca
hammer +ould all o< the plank and strike someone$ (I had a hunch I should have taken the ti!e to install the toe boards.) The* al+a*s insisted that the tool rest should be no more than one-
ei'hth inch rom the 'rindin' +heel$ 9hat di
uarter inch make (I was lucky not to go blind when the chisel got wedged and the wheel e%loded into a thousand ieces.) ?n* o this sounds amiliar The* sa* hindsight is the onl* perect sciencebut foresight could have avoided these incidents& misortunes and re'rets$ )earn rom others3 mistakes and *ou3ll have no re'rets@
ACCIDENT COST TO ME AND MY COMPANY
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Acc><?ts =a?7 T= ar ;?:rt;?at/ a>?; a?< ca? b > c=a?>?7 . ta rat as;rs t: r8?t a? acc><?t b;t =? :? =a?s/ =a8 :rrs c: >?s;ra?c t: c:8r t= c:sts/ r>=t7 .r:?) T= >?s;ra?c c:a? :? as ab:;t 1* : =at a? acc><?t ca? c:st :;r c:a?7 T= > a :r t= D>rct C:sts > <>ca b>s/ rscr>t>:? :? : t= >?J;r< :rrs :st as a?< ab tra8 ?ss t: t= <:ct:r7 S: =at ar t= c:sts t: :;r c:a? t=at ar 4 t: * t>s :r t=a? =at t= >?s;ra?c c:a? as5
These are called ndirect 6osts and can include the lost production not onl* b* the in8ured emplo*ee but the co-+orkers that render aid and take him5her to the clinic$ %ost +ork slo+s on a 8ob site ater an accident and a severe incident can shut do+n the +ork completel*$ The in8ured +orker3s tools& materials have to be picked up and someone ma* have to nish up +hat the* +ere doin' beore the accident$ nsurance companies pa* the claim onl* i it3s led correctl* +hich can be a time consumin' process +hich is more lost production$ ?nd +hat i there3s dama'e to e>uipment& to tools& to ra+ materials& or other compan* propert*$ t3s usuall* not covered b* insurance so our compan* pa*s that costs$ ?nd until the in8ured +ork comes back to +ork on ull dut*& +e ma* sub-contract out +ork& +ork over time& or have to hire and train a ne+ emplo*ee$ ?'ain& our compan* cost$ #o the insurance compan* pa*s the direct costs o an accident Bmedical bill and lost +a'esC and +e pa* the rest$ ut +hat i +e have 2& ,& 10 accidents a *ear The same thin' i *ou have a e+ auto accidents in a *ear$ Eour insurance premiums 'o up or *ou 'et cancelled$ Eou mi'ht be able to drive +ithout insurance but +e can3t +ork +ithout it$ #o ever* claim& lar'e or small& is recorded and used to calculate our compan*3s !xperience %od number$ t3s a number calculated or all companies and used to increase or decrease the dollar amount +e pa* or +orker3s compensation insurance$ The hi'her this number the more +e pa* each *ear or insurance$ ?nd no+& the companies +e +ork or +ant to kno+ +hat our !xperience %od number is$ 9h*& because it is a snap shot o ho+ sae a compan* +e are$ ?nd +hen bids are close& the sae companies +ill 'et the +ork and +e ma* 'et sent to the house$ #o an accident not onl* a
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APPRECIATING THE HAARDS OF OXYACETYLENE MEANS777
%an* +orkers don3t ull* realie the serious haards o ox*acet*lene$ That doesn3t necessaril* mean these people aren3t saet* conscious& or are careless in their +ork$ The haards o 'as +eldin' are not al+a*s visuall* obvious& and thereore are not al+a*s appreciated$ !ven old-timers can become complacent& but this attitude can be ver* dan'erous$ "ere are some examples: 1$ (x*'en is commonl* stored at pressures near 2&000 psi$ This is a hu'e amount o stored ener'*$ 9henever an* compressed 'as c*linder is not in use& remove its re'ulator& and replace the valve cap$ This is the best +a* to protect the c*linder valve rom dama'e$ t is also important to al+a*s secure ever* c*linder in the upri'ht position$ This helps prevent a c*linder rom bein' accidentall* knocked over and dama'ed$ a c*linder3s valve stem +ere to be sheared o< in a all& there is enou'h stored ener'* to turn the c*linder into an un'uided missile +hich could shoot across the shop or *ard& destro*in' an*thin' in its path$ 2$ ?cet*lene is an extremel* unstable 'as$ t has a ver* +ide explosive ran'e and it can be dangerously explosive at pressures above 1 psi$ t is or these t+o reasons that acet*lene must never be used at hose pressures 'reater than 1 psi$ ,$ (x*'en placed under hi'h pressure can erupt in /ame or explode i it comes into contact +ith oil or 'rease$ Never use oil or 'rease on an* 'as +eldin' apparatus& includin' c*linder caps$ Geep the torch clean and ree o 'rease$ Don3t chan'e c*linders or re'ulator valves unless *ou have clean hands$ Hust a little on *our hands could cause an unortunate explosion$ 4$ ?l+a*s close do+n c*linder valves +hen *ou are throu'h +orkin'$ This includes +hen *ou take a break and 'o to lunch$ !ven a pin hole leak in the hose could allo+ 'as to accumulate in the +orkplace creatin' the potential or re or explosion$ $ 9hen openin' re'ulator valves& turn them slo+l* and stand to one side$ ox*'en and acet*lene +ere to mix inside the re'ulator under pressure& an explosion could result$ The explosion could be a minor pop or it could destro* the re'ulator and in8ure the operator$
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.$ Re'ularl* inspect the 'au'es to make sure the* are in proper +orkin' order to prevent possible malunctions& and ensure accurate 'au'e settin's$ ?n* dama'ed or inoperable 'au'es should be repaired or replaced beore use$ 7$ D( N(T use ox*'en to ventilate a conned or enclosed space$ ?n ox*'en enriched conned environment creates a serious re and explosion haard$ These are 8ust a e+ o the haards associated +ith +eldin' operations$ There are others that all torch users should kno+$ Gno+ all the haards$ ;ollo+ all saet* procedures or *our +ork$
ALCOHOL " THE #OB $ A SAFETY ISSUE
9orkin' under the in/uence o alcohol is strictl* prohibited$ This means more than 8ust not drinkin' on the 8ob$ Tests have sho+n that alcohol can still have an euantit* o alcohol impairs a person3s 8ud'ment& thinkin' abilit*& and coordination to some de'ree$ #ome people can handle alcohol better than others& but it is a act that an* alcohol consumed has some e
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?re *ou allo+in' the drinkin' to continue •
Eou are - i *ou cover or the drinker3s poor productivit*
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Eou are - i *ou cover their mistakes$
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Eou are - i *ou make excuses to others or them$
Take control o the situation$ •
Don3t allo+ the situation to continue$ #top coverin' or the drinker$ o
o
Talk to *our supervisor$ t is *our responsibilit* to talk to *our supervisor +henever an* perormance or saet* issue a
9hatever *ou do& make sure *ou do somethin'$ 9atch out or *our co+orker as the* ma* need help$ *ou don3t& *ou ma* pa* dearl* or someone else3s mistake$
A&OIDING ELECTRICAL SHOCKS
!lectrical haards can be ound in all industries$ ?voidin' electrical shocks both at home and at +ork re>uires a+areness o the haards and a respect or this #ilent Giller$ The human bod* has a lo+ resistance to electricit*& makin' it a 'ood conductor& like most metals$ Inlike metals ho+ever& the human bod* does not respond +ell +hen electricit* passes throu'h it$ h*sical results include thermal burns& disruption o normal heart activit*& severe muscle contractions& and even death$ The most common and serious electrical in8uries occur +hen electrical current /o+s bet+een the hands and eet$ This happens +hen a person touches an ener'ied line$ The electrical ener'* is lookin' or the shortest path to the 'round& and it +ill pass throu'h the bod* to the eet to reach it$ 9hen this occurs& a persons heart and lun's are re>uentl* dama'ed b* the electrical ener'*$ 12
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lacin' an insulator bet+een the ener'* and the point o ph*sical contact is one method o protection$ orcelain& rubber& potter* and dr* +ood o
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?l+a*s make sure electric tools are properl* 'rounded or double insulated$ The double insulated tool must have an undama'ed outer case and be clearl* labeled as double insulated b* the manuacturer$ ?l+a*s check to be sure the 'roundin' s*stem is complete$ Inless the* are desi'nated as double insulated& 'rounded po+er tools must be attached to a 'rounded service circuit$ there is any doubt about the 'roundin'& test it@ BJround testers are inexpensive$C Ise heav* dut* 'rounded extension cords$ These cords have t+o la*ers o insulation& +ith reinorcement bet+een the la*ers$ The* are less susceptible to dama'e than house-hold t*pe cords$ To check i the cord is heav* dut*& check its shape$ %ost &at cords are not heav* dut*$ "eav* dut* cords +ill have a markin' on the insulation such as: #& #H& #H(& etc$ ?void mixin' +ater and electricit*@ Not onl* keep cords& tools and +orkin'5+alkin' suraces dr*& keep *our hands and eet dr* as +ell$ The electrical resistance o +et skin is at least 100 times less than dr* skin$ 9et skin 'reatl* increases the likelihood o severe shock i a person comes in contact +ith a live circuit$ *ou must +ork around +ater& connect to a Jround ;ault 6ircuit nterrupter BJ;6C to automaticall* shut o< the current i there is an abnormal current /o+$ Never +ork on or around a live electrical circuit$ ock ut the po+er so that only you have control over ener'iin' the machine or e>uipment$ Don3t take chances$
Remember& electricit* strikes +ithout +arnin'-al+a*s pla* it sae@
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BACK CARE( YOU CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE)
(I6"@ 9h* did tr* to lit that much +ei'ht on m* o+n Did *ou ever ponder those +ords ater *ou hoisted somethin' heav*& or lited rom an a+k+ard position These incidents are +ell kno+n causes o back strain& but *ou mi'ht not have considered other underl*in' actors that lead to back in8ur*$ #everal conditions in/uence *our back health$ 14
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The cause o most back problems is poor posture& loss o /exibilit*& stressul livin'5+orkin' habits and above all& a 'eneral decline in ph*sical tness$ #urprised Eou shouldn3t be$ 9hen *ou let *oursel 'o& Band most o us do +ith a'eC the rst thin' to go can be back stren'th$ ?lon' +ith correct litin' techni>ues& +e should also +ork on our overall ph*sical condition$ Nutrition--is an important ke* to sta*in' ph*sicall* t@ ?s +e 'ro+ older& our metabolism slo+s do+n$ To counteract this natural event& +e have to eat the ri'ht t*pes o ood-and not too much o it-or the pounds come on >uickl*@ No+& +hat does nutrition have to do +ith a health* back ;or one thin'& a health* back is correctl* balanced on *our spine$ 9ith a s+a* back& that balance is lost-and those darned potbellies cause s+a* backs$ 6arr*in' around excess +ei'ht puts tremendous strain on back tissues& so litin' even a small extra load ma* cause an in8ur*$ !xercise--pla*s an important role as +ell$ ? orm o exercise as simple as +alkin' ,0 minutes a da* can raise *our heart rate and burn enou'h calories to help keep *ou lean$ ;lexibilit* is another condition that chan'es as +e 'ro+ older& i +e don3t +ork to retain it$ t3s true& as the* sa*-Ise it or lose it@ 9ithout /exibilit*& +e lose our bod*3s ull ran'e o motion$ Then& +hen a sudden& ph*sical demand takes a muscle or 8oint urther than it3s used to& the risk o in8ur* is hi'h$ Eou can do stretchin' exercises ever* mornin' to keep *oursel /exible and read* or the ph*sical demands o +ork$ ?ter all& don3t athletes +arm up beore a 'ame to prevent in8ur* ;ixed positions--not movin' enoughcan also cause back problems$ #ta*in' in a xed position or too lon' can lead to muscle spasms$ 9e eel it as stiues to help escape in8ur*: •
?void usin' ast& 8erkin' motions +hen litin'$
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?void bendin' and t+istin' at the same time$
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?void handlin' a load too ar a+a*@ Geep the load close to *our bod*$
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Team+ork@ the load is too heav*& t+o persons should carr* the load$
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!motional #tress leads to mental distraction& so that thin's other than proper bod* mechanics are on *our mind$ #tress and back pain seem to 'o to'ether$ )o+ back pain has been called a tension headache that slipped$ #olvin' our personal problems isn3t al+a*s eas* to do& but it oten takes a+a* back pain and helps prevent repeated in8uries$ n 6onclusion: mproper litin' isn3t the only thin' that causes back in8uries$ eople +ho do not also sta* in 'ood ph*sical and mental condition are at hi'h risk or back problems$ t3s Ip To Eou--Take Jood 6are ( Eour od* and #ave Eour ack@
BACK IN#URY PRE&ENTION TIPS 1.
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%ost o *ou have probabl* heard that in order to lit sael*& *ou must lit properl*$ Eou3re told to bend *our knees not *our back& and don3t t+ist as *ou lit$ This is 'ood advice but sometimes seems to 'o a'ainst human nature$ Eet& there are actions *ou can take to help *ou lit properl*$ 17 Gt as c:s t: t= :a< as :ss>b7 The urther the load is rom the center line o *our bod*& the 'reater the strain imposed on *our back$ need be& s>uat do+n to lit the load and pull it bet+een *our le's$ This 'ets it closer to the center o *our bod* and helps prevent the need to bend at the +aist$ "o+ever& since *our le' muscles are the lar'est muscles in *our bod*& the* are the bi''est ener'* consumers$ Repeated s>uattin' can be ver* ati'uin'& and reduces a person3s abilit* to lit in this manner or an* len'th o time$ n addition to litin' the load& *ou are also hoistin' the ma8orit* o *our bod* +ei'ht$ ;or reeated litin'& other strate'ies must be used$ %7 A8:>< >c>? ; =a8 :bJcts ac< b: :;r ?s7 Tr* to see that heav* ob8ects are placed and stored above knee level and belo+ shoulder level$ *ou suspect the load is too heav* to be lited comortabl*& do not chance it$ Ise a mechanical aid& break the load do+n into its component parts& or 'et help$ The most common cause o back in8ur* is overloadin'$ '7 K :;r bac stra>=t7 This means don3t bend at the +aist +hen reachin' to lit an ob8ect$ Geep the natural arch in *our lo+er back& +hich distributes the load evenl* over the surace o spinal disks& and is less stressul than i the disk is pinched bet+een vertebras$ endin' principall* rom the hips is acceptable i *ou maintain the arch in *our back& rather than bendin' at the +aist$ 47 G; :;r =a?< t: :;r t=>=7 *ou carr* a load in one hand& such as +hen carr*in' a tool box& place *our ree hand on the outside o *our thi'h and mentall* 'lue it into position$ This +ill help *ou maintain correct back ali'nment rather than litin' and tiltin' to one side$ 9hen carr*in' a heav* load& side bendin' can be 8ust as stressul to the spine as bendin' or+ard$ *7 T>=t? :;r st:ac= ;scs7 This techni>ue helps prevent *our spine rom t+istin'$ *ou lit a load and need to place it o< to one side& turn b* movin' *our eet$ ?ter repeated lits *ou mi'ht nd *oursel 'ettin' a bit slopp* and or'ettin' to move *our eet$ Eou can overcome this tendenc* i the place *ou set the load do+n is at least one step a+a* rom +here it is lited$ *ou +ear a back support belt& +ear it lo+ on *our trunk and loosen it +hen *ou are not litin'$ 27 Sta >? ::< =s>ca c:?<>t>:?7 ? protrudin' stomach is an extra load carried a+a* rom the center line o the bod*& and prevents *ou rom 17
21-07-2014
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keepin' a lited ob8ect close-the number one rule or back care$ 9hen *ou bend at the +aist to lit& due to the levera'e principal& the load is up to 10 times heavier than its actual +ei'ht$ ? pot bell* puts extra& stressul +ei'ht on the spine$ +7 Strtc= a?< ::s? ; b:r :r7 Research has sho+n that trunk /exibilit* and mobilit* is si'nicantl* lo+er in the mornin' than later in the da*& increasin' the number and severit* o back strains at this time$ ? e+ minutes o stretchin' can +arm up cold sti< muscles and tendons and help *ou avoid an in8ur*$ ?ll proessional athletes kno+ this-industrial athletes should too@
1A
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BEING MENTALLY PREPARED FOR EMERGENCIES
9ould *ou kno+ +hat to do i an emer'enc* occurred +hile *ou +ere on the 8ob Do *ou kno+ +hat actions to take i a co-+orker +as seriousl* in8ured& a re i'nited& or a structure collapsed *re you reared to react# !mer'encies and disasters are a realit* o ever*da* lie$ )ocal and international ne+s pro'rams document such occurrences ever* da* throu'hout the +orld$ Too man* lives are lost and propert* is dama'ed because no one +as prepared to properl* react +hen immediate decisions and actions counted$ ? 'ood start in learnin' ho+ to respond to an emer'enc* is throu'h certication in asic ;irst ?id and 6R B6ardio ulmonar* ResuscitationC$ These courses teach important skills$ ut even more important than the rst aid skills 'ained& the* teach how to resond to an emer'enc*$ ro'rams o
compan* is Does the emer'enc* scene need to be secured
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Do *ou kno+ the chain o command 9ho3s in char'e durin' an
emer'enc* Eou come to +ork ever*da* prepared or the task at hand and kno+led'eable on ho+ to handle production problems in the +orkplace$ ein' mentall* a+are is also *our best preparation or a potential emer'enc*$ ?nal*e beorehand +hat to do i one o *our co-+orkers is in8ured& and i that in8ur* is lie threatenin'$ Gno+ ho+ to protect *oursel& *our co-+orkers and the compan* in case o a serious chemical spill$ 6hances are& durin' a crisis& *ou +on3t have much time to plan the best possible action-so make those decisions ahead o time$ 9hen an emer'enc* does occur& it is *our responsibilit* to be mentall* read*$
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BACKING INTO TROUBLE ,GENERAL SAFETY-
9hen +e are +alkin' around on the 8ob& particularl* +hen handlin' material& +e are sub8ect to man* dan'ers$ Think about the ollo+in' scenarios and see i *ou have ever been in a similar position: ?n emplo*ee +as inside a truck removin' empt* drums onto the truck3s elevator tail 'ate and lo+erin' it$ ?nother emplo*ee +as removin' the drums and sendin' the elevator tail 'ate back up$ The emplo*ee inside the vehicle had his back to the tail 'ate as he pulled the next drum to+ards the tail 'ate - +hich he thou'ht +as even +ith the bed o the truck$ ?s he s+un' the drum into place and stepped onto +hat +as no+ open space& he ell o< the truck onto the lo+ered 'ate$ ;ollo+in' him do+n +as the drum he +as movin' and he sustained additional in8uries$ T+o errors in 8ud'ment cau'ht up +ith the victim$ ;irst& he ?##I%!D that the tail 'ate had been returned to a sae position$ ?nd despite the act that he +as movin' a heav*& bulk* item& he did not check to make sure o his sae positionin'$ #econd& he +as +orkin' in an un+ise manner: "e moved back+ards +ith a heav* ob8ect$ There is al+a*s the dan'er that the load ma* 'et out o control and cause an in8ur*$ ? load should al+a*s be in ront so *ou can see +here *ou are 'oin'& and so *ou +ill be in the clear i the load 'ets a+a* rom *ou$ n another incident& an emplo*ee +as +alkin' back+ards directin' a vehicle into an aisle-+a* inside a +arehouse$ "e did not see material on the lo+er rack stickin' out into the aisle$ "e backed into and ell over the protrudin' ob8ect$ The truck continued to back up and pinned him a'ainst the rack beore it could be stopped$ ? cut on the le' and a badl* bruised elbo+ +as his re+ard or this unsae act$ The emplo*ee +as not +atchin' +here he +as 'oin'$ %akin' matters +orse +as an unsae condition o an ob8ect protrudin' into an aisle-+a*$ 9hen *ou are on oot& it is al+a*s dan'erous to move back+ards& particularl* +hen handlin' materials$ t is >uicker and saer to move in a 21
