TRABAJO GRUPAL N°2 - CANTERAS.docx

UNIVERSIDAD ALAS PERUANAS

CICLO IX

TRABAJO GRUPAL N°2 TEMA: INFORME DE CANTERA CURSO

:

DISEÑO MODERNO DE PAVIMENTOS

PROFESOR

:

ING. CASSO VALDIVIA, HUGO

TURNO

:

MAÑANA

GRUPO

:

N°7

INTEGRANTES:

TITO PERALES, ALEX J. J. TONG IPUSHIMA, ROGER YAPUCHURA YAPUCHURA CAYLLA CAYLLAHUA, HUA, MIGUEL A.

DISEÑO MODERNO DE PAVIMENTOSPágina PAVIMENTOSPágina 1


CICLO IX

20! . "NDICE 1. 2. 3. 4.

ÍNDICE............................................................................................................................2 INTRODUCCIÓN..........................................................................................................3 OBJETIVOS...................................................................................................................4 MARCO TE TEORICO.......................................................................................................5 I. DEFINICION:.............................................................................................................5 II. II. EXPL EXPLOT OTA ACION CION DE DE CANT CANTER ERAS AS::...........................................................................5 III. III. CRITER CRITERIOS IOS PARA PARA LA EXPLOT EXPLOTA ACIÓN CIÓN SOST SOSTENI ENIBLE BLE DE LOS YACIMIENTOS.................................................................................................................8 IV. EVA EVALUAC LUACIÓ IÓN N DE CANT CANTER ERAS AS...........................................................................9 V. PROSESO PROSESO DE DE EXTRAC EXTRACCIO CION N DEL AGREG AGREGADO ADO:: ............................................10 VI. CARACTERISTICAS..........................................................................................12 VII. CLASIFIC FICACIÓN.................................................................................................13 VIII VIII.. CLAS CLASES ES DE DE CAN CANTE TERA RAS S...................................................................................16 IX. FACTO ACTORES RES QUE QUE CONDI CONDICIO CIONAN NAN LA LA EXPLOT EXPLOTAC ACIÓN IÓN DE UNA UNA CANTER CANTERA A 18

X. USOS DE DE LOS MATE MATERIALES RIALES DE CANTERAS CANTERAS EN LA INDUSTRIA INDUSTRIA DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN..........................................................................................................18 XI. CANTERA DE ES ESTUDIO....................................................................................19 . ANALISIS.....................................................................................................................21 !. CO CON NCLUS LUSIONES:......................................................................................................23 ". RECO RECOM MENDA ENDACI CION ONE ES..............................................................................................24 #. BIBLIOGRAFIA FIA:..........................................................................................................25

DISEÑO MODERNO DE PAVIMENTOSPágina PAVIMENTOSPágina 2


CICLO IX

2. INTRODUCCI#N E$%& %'()(*+ ,& -/&$%-0(- %-&& & '+$-%+ ,& +)%&&' & ++-5-&%+ &&$('-+ (&'( ,& ( E6+%(- 7 E/(8(- ,& C(%&'($9 8+$ ,& P+%&-( B'8%(9 P+%&-( N&%(9 P+%&-( A'+/&;()&9 R&,-5-&%+$. L( &6%'(- ,& 5(%&'-(&$ <%'&+$ ('( ( +$%'8- &$ -5+'%(%& & 8(=8-&' 80(' ,& 58,+9 7( =8& ,& &$%( (%-/-,(, ,&&,& & )8& ,&$(''++ ,& ($ +)'($ ,& ->'(&$%'8%8'( =8& -58$( & '&-5-&%+ ,& 8 (?$ CANTERA &$ & %<'5-+ =8& $& 8%--@( ('( '&>&'-'$& ( ($ &6+%(-+&$ ( -&+ ()-&'%+ ,& 5(%&'-(&$ ,& +$%'8- &%'& +$ 8(&$ $& -87& ($ '+($ -,8$%'-(&$ 7 +'(5&%(&$9 0'(/($9 0'(/-($9 ('&($ 7 ('-($.

DISEÑO MODERNO DE PAVIMENTOSPágina 3


CICLO IX

$. OBJETIVOS OBJETIVO GENERAL: 

R&++&' & %-+ ,& &6+%(- ,& 8( (%&'( (8/-( 7 ($85-' ( 8( (%&'( +5+ 8%+ ,& ('%-,( ,& &$%8,-+ ,& +$ (0'&0(,+$ ('( ( +$%'8- 7 ++&' & '-%&'-+ &+5-+9 0&+0-+ 7 5&,-+$ ,& %'($+'%& ,& 5(%&'-( + & +)*&%-/+ ,& '+7&%(' ( &$%8,-(%& ( )8$(' & -/&$%-0(' 8&/($ (%&'(.

OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS:  

(&' & &$%8,-+ 0&+%<-+ ,& 8( (%&'( 7 +5'&,&' & '-%&'-+ 7 +$ '---+$ ('( ( &6%'(- ,& +$ (0'&0(,+$. E$%()&&' ( (-,(, ,& '+7&%+9 & ( &6+%(- ,& ($ (%&'($9 %'()(*(,+ +*8%(5&%&



CICLO IX

!. MARCO TEORICO I. DEFINICION: U( (%&'( &$ ,&$-%+ ,& 5-&'(&$ + 5&%-+$ 7 '+($ 0&&'(5&%& ( -&+ ()-&'%+9 &'+ %(5)-< +,&5+$ &+%'(' (%&'($ $8)%&''&($9 & ($ =8& $& +)%-&& '+($ -,8$%'-(&$9 '+($ +'(5&%(&$ + '-,($. L+$ 5(%&'-(&$ +)%&-,+$ & ($ (%&'($ $+ 5'5+&$9 0'(-%+$9 ('-($9 (-@($ 7 -@(''($9 '--(5&%&. T+,( (%&'( %-&& 8( /-,( %-9 8( /&@ (0+%(,( '&$&%( $&'-+$ '+)&5($ ,& ('%&' (5)-&%(9 '--(5&%& '&(-+(,+$ + & (-$(*&.

II.

EXPLOTACION DE CANTERAS:

L( &6+%(- ,& (%&'($ $& ('(%&'-@( +' ( (&'%8'( ,& ( &6+%(- ,& (0'&0(,+$ ,& >+'5( 5(8( 7 5&(-@(,(9 $- %&&' & 8&%( $-$%&5%-(5&%& ($ ,-'&-+&$ ,& ($ %'+;($ 7 ($ 8'/($ ,& -/&. S& +%-( + ( >+'5(- ,& ($ (@+&%($ ,& %'()(*+ ('( ($ 5=8-($ &'>+'(,+'($ ,& &6+'(- 0&+0-(. L( >+'5(- ,& ($ (@+&%($ -5-( + $++ & ,&$)'+& %+%(9 $-+ ( '&%-'(,( ,& ( +'%&@( %&''&$%'& %+%( + ('-(5&%& 7 ( '&(- ,& $8&'>--&$ 8&/($ ,& 0'( &,-&%& =8& ,( +'-0& ( ,&$-@(5-&%+$ 7 $8)$&8&%&$ -'&5&%+$ ,& ( &'+$-. E (-$-$ ,& +$ -5(%+$ &$&?>-+$ $+)'& +$ '--(&$ '&8'$+$ 7 $8 %&5+'(-,(, +$%-%87& 8 5(%&'-( +5&5&%('-+ ('( ( ('(%&'-@(- ,& ($ ->8&-($. E &$%& ($+ $& ,&%&'5-('+ 7 ('(%&'-@('+ +' ( ,8'(- ,& -5(%+9 (,( 5)-%+ ,& (%&'(- & & '&8'$+ %-&''(9 & +$ '&8'$+$ ;?,'-+$ 7 & & '&8'$+ (-'& (%5+$><'-+ 7 & & $8)$-$%&5( $+-+  &+5-+.

IMPACTOS EN EL RECURSO TIERRA %MBITO DE

IMPACTOS ESPEC"FICOS

ALTERACION V&0&%(-

D&0'(,(- %+%( ,& ( /&0&%(-.

S8&+

A85&%+ ,& +$ '+&$+$ &'+$-/+$ 7

DURACI#N DEL IMPACTO P&'5(&%& T&5+'(

<',-,( %+%( ,& $8&+ R&-&/&

C(5)-+$ & ( +5+$-- %++0'>-( &

P&'5(&%&

-&$%()--,(, D'&(*&

M+,->-(- ,& ( '&, ,& ,'&(*& (%8'(


P&'5(&%&


CICLO IX

D&%'+ ,& ($ (%&'(-+&$ $+)'& ( %-&''( ($ '-5&'($ 5+,->-(-+&$ $& '+,8& $+)'& ( /&0&%(- 7 +$ $8&+$9 =8& +5+ '&$8%(,+ ,& ,&$%(& $& &-5-( %+%(5&%&. P+$%&'-+'5&%& ,8'(%& ( &6%'(- ,& 5(%&'-( +' ( (- ,& ( &6+$- 7 /+(,8'( $& (>&%( & $8&+ 7 & 5&,-+ (5)-&%& & 0&&'( + 8( %'(& +$-0+ =8& $& '+,8@( (5)-+$ & & '&-&/& ,+,& $& %'($>+'5( ( %++0'(>?( 7 $& (%&'( 0&&'(5&%& ,& >+'5( '(,-( & ,'&(*& (%8'(9 =8&,(,+ +$ +'%&$ ,& 8 8&/+ '&-&/& ,&+5-(,+ (%'++%&0&+. L($ (%&'(-+&$ ( ($ (08($ $8&'>--(&$ $& '+,8& +' +$ (5)-+$ & $8 +5+$-- >?$-+  =8?5-(9 '+,8%+ ,& (''($%'& ,& ('%?8($ +' &'+$-9 =8& '+/-&& ,& ($ $8&'>--&$ ,&/($%(,($ +' ( 8/-(. E (08( $8)%&''&( $& /& $+5&%-,( ( (5)-+$ & $8 +5+$-- >?$-+  =8?5-( +' ->-%'(-9 (>&%,+$& %(5)-< +$ -/&&$ >'&%-+$. C+55&%& & & '&-&/& -''&08(' '&(,+ $& >+'5( (858(-+&$ ,& (08(9 /&',(,&'($ (08($9 =8& %-&& ('%&' %(%+ &'5(&%& +5+ %&5+'(. L($ &$%'8%8'($ '&(,($ ,&$8<$ ,& ( &6%'(- (5)-( & &%+'+ ,& ($ &6+%(-+&$ 7 ( '&8&'(- ,& ($ +,--+&$ +'-0-(&$9 '&$8%( 587 ,->?-&$. ALTERACIONES EN LOS RECURSOS H"DRICOS AMBITO DE ALTERACION A08($ S8&'>--(&$ A08($ S8)%&''&($

IMPACTOS ESPEC"FICOS

DURACION DEL IMPACTO

A%&'(-+&$ & ( +5+$-- >?$-+ T&5+'(  =8?5-( C+%(5-(- >?$-+  =8?5-(. P&'5(&%& A%&'(-+&$ ,& -/& >'&%-+

E (-'& &$ +%'+ +5+&%& ,& -%&'<$ =8& $& (>&%( ,&)-,+ ( +/+ =8& $& 0&&'( & %-&5+ ,& '&(%-/( $&=8?( +' & ($+ ,& %'($+'%& +' +$ (5-+$9 +' ( &'>+'(- ,& ($ '+($9 +' ( (- ,& /-&%+ $+)'& ($ &$+5)'&'($ 7 $8&'>--&$ &6(/(,($ 7 ,&8,(,($9 +' ( 5(-8(- ,& +$ 5(%&'-(&$9 +' ( (- ,& ( /+(,8'(. L+$ &>&%+$ ,& +/+ (8$( 5+&$%-($ ( &'$+( ,& %'()(*+9 '+,8& +8$-+&$ & +$ +'+$ ,& ($ (%($ & --,& &0(%-/(5&%& & ( >+%+$?%&$-$ ,& ($ 5-$5($. ALTERACIONES EN EL AIRE AMBITO DE

IMPACTOS ESPECIFICOS

DURACION DEL

ALTERACION

C+%(5-(- +' +/+ 7 0($&$

IMPACTO

A-'&

E5-$-+&$ +%-8($ /('-()&$ ,& '8-,+


T&5+'(


CICLO IX

L( ->8&-( ,& ( 5-&'?( $+)'& & (-$(*& &$ 8( ,& ($ 5$ -5+'%(%&$. E$%& -5(%+ ,&&,& ,& >(%+'&$ +5+ ( /-$-)--,(,9 ( >'(0--,(,9 +$ &&5&%+$ $%-+$ =8& + +$%-%87&. O'-0-( ( <',-,( ,& &$%<%-(9 ('5+?(9 ++'-,+ 7 /-$%+$-,(,9 '+/+(,+ %+,+ &+ 8 0'( +%'($%& + $8 &%+'+ (%8'( ALTERACIONES EN EL SUBSISTEMA SOCIO&ECON#MICO AMBITO DE ALTERACION

IMPACTOS

DURACION DEL

ESPECIFICOS

IMPACTO

N-/& ,& /-,( 7 &$%'8%8'( ,& ( A85&%( ( +>&'%( ,& &5&+ 7 ($ +)(-.

T&5+'(

(%-/-,(,&$ =8& '+--( 8 (85&%+ ,& -/& ,& /-,(.

U$+ ,& +$ '&8'$+ >+'&$%(&$ P<',-,( ,& '&8'$+$ >+'&$%(&$ 7 ,&

T&5+'(

$8 ((-,(, ,& '&0&&'(-

E6+%(- &+5-( ,&

A%( &6+%(- + $-0->-(%-/+

7(-5-&%+.

)&&>--+

T&5+'(

E (-$-$ &>&%8(,+ +$-)--%( +$-,&'(' (08+$ -5(%+$ %-&& ('%&' &'5(&%&9 (8 7 8(,+ ($ (-+&$ $& 5(->-&$%( 0&&'(5&%& ,& >+'5( %&5+'(. L( -,&%->-(- 7 ,&%&'5-(- ,& +$ -5(%+$ (5)-&%(&$ + +5&5&%( & (-$-$ &$(-( ,& +$ (5)-+$. 1. S& -,&%->-( ($ $8&'>--&$ ,&$8,($ +' ,&$)'+&$ 5-&'+$ ,&$%(&9 ($ 8(&$ &$% ($+-(,($ ( +$ +'%&$ 5-&'+$ 7 ( ( '&, ,& (5-+$. ( L+$ +'%&$ 5-&'+$ $8&'>--&$ -''&08('&$ %+%(5&%& ,&0'(,(,($ +' ( &6%'(- ,& 5(%&'-(&$9 ()('( &6%&$($ '&($ ,& ( @+(. E &($ $& >+'5( 0'(,&$ ,&'&$-+&$ 7 5+%?8+$ =8& '+/+( ( (('-- ,& (5(,+ (-$(*& 8('9 +' $&5&*(@( + ( $8&'>--& ,& ( L8(. ) L( %&++0?( ,& &6+%(- ,& 7(-5-&%+ &6-0& ,& 8( (5-( '&, ,& (5-+$ ('( ( %'($+'%(- +' (5-+&$ ,& 5(%&'-( &6%'(?,+. E$%+$ /-(&$ '&'&$&%( $8&'>--&$ -&(&$9 ( 5(7+'?( ,& +$ 8(&$ $& &8&%'( $- ($>(%('. 2. L($ &$+5)'&'($ $& +(-@( ,-$&'$($ +' %+,+ & %&''-%+'-+ ,& +$ 7(-5-&%+$9



CICLO IX

%(%+ & -%&'-+' ,& 7(-5-&%+ +5+ & +$ )+',&$ &6%&'-+'&$9 +&%(,($ + + ( ?&($ ,& &$8''-5-&%+. C+$%-%87& >+'5($ +$-%-/($9 /&',(,&'+$ '&-&/&$ (%'-+$ + 8 %(5(+ 7 >+'5($ /('-()&$9 &0(,+ ( >+'5(' 5+%?8+$ + 5$ ,& 1 5&%'+$ ,& (%8'(. 3. L($ '&($ & '+&$+ ,& '&;()--%(-9 $+ +%'+ %-+ ,& $8&'>--& '&$&%& & & %&''-%+'-+ (08($ ;( $-,+ +>+'5(,($ 7 '&>+'&$%(,($ ;(& (08+$9 &'+ ( $& &&$-%( ,& 5$ %'()(*+ ('( '&$%(8'(' &$%($ '&($ 4. R+,&(,+ &$%($ $8&'>--&$ (%'++%&0&($ (('&& (-$(*&$ (%8'(&$ 7 ++$ 5+,->-(,+$9 +$ 8(&$ &$% '&'&$&%(,+$ '--(5&%& +' &,-&%&$ 7 ('%&$ ,& -5($ ,& 5+%(($ + /&0&%(- 0&&'(5&%& )+$+$(. T+,($ &$%($ $8&'>--&$ )'-,( 8 >+,+ (5)-&%( $+)'& & 8( $& &$%()&& 8( ,-5-( =8& &/+8-+( 587 (&*(,( ,& ( =8& ('(%&'-@()( ( %&''-%+'-+ (%&$ ,& ( ($-5-(- 5-&'(.

III.

CRITERIOS PARA LA EXPLOTACI#N SOSTENIBLE DE LOS YACIMIENTOS

L( &6+%(- $+$%&-)& ,& +$ 7(-5-&%+$ ,&)&' &$%(' ,-'-0-,( ( 5--5-@(' ( 56-5+ +$ -5(%+$ &0(%-/+$ -,&%->-(,+$ (%&'-+'5&%&. L+$ &$()+&$ >8,(5&%(&$ ,& +$ (5)-+$ $+: & (08(9 ( /&0&%(- 7 & $8&+. E+$ 0('(%-@( & &=8--)'-+ &+0-+. E &$%& $&%-,+ 8( &$%'(%&0-( ,& +''&- ,&)&' >+'58('$& $&0 ($ '&5-$($ $-08-&%&$: •

•

•

•

L($ ()+'&$ ,& &6+'(- 0&+0-( ,&)& '&(-@('$& $&0 ($ &6-0&-($ %<-+  &+5-($9 $(%-$>(-&,+ ($ -0&-&'+  &+0-($ & ('%-8(' & + =8& ( ( '+%&- ,& +$ '&8'$+$ (%8'(&$ +%'( ( &'+$- 7 $8$ &>&%+$ $& '&>-&'&. T'(%(' +' %+,+$ +$ 5&,-+$ ,& (%&'(' & ( 5&+' 5&,-,( +$-)& & &=8--)'-+ &+0-+ +( 7 '&0-+(. D&)& %'(%('$& ,& 5(%&&' -%(%($ + + ( 5&+' ->8&-( +$-)& ($ &,-&%&$ 7 /(&$ ,& +$ '?+$ 7 ($ '&($ + &6+%(,($ ,& (%-(+. S& ,&)& %+5(' %+,($ ($ 5&,-,($ ('( '&,8-' ( &6%&$- ,& -5(%+ $+)'& %+,+ ( %'(/<$ ,& ($ ('%&'-($ >8/-(&$. D&)& '&$%'-0-'$& ( 56-5+ ( ->8&-( ,& ($ &$+5)'&'($9 8%--@(,+ +$ &$(-+$ 5-(,+$ ('( $8 ++(- 7 5+,&+$ 5(%&5%-+$ ('( & ,-$&+ ,& $8$ ('5&%'+$9 %&-&,+ & 8&%( $8 &>&%+ &+5-+ 7



CICLO IX

&+0-+. •

P('( &/(' ( ()+ ( '&;()--%(- ,& ($ @+($ ,((,($ $& ,&)& +$&'/(' ( 56-5+ ( (( $8&'>--( ,& $8&+ 7 & )(+ )-+0&<%-+.

L($ (%8(-+&$ 5$ ,-'&%($ =8& $& 8&,& &5'&,&' + & +)*&%-/+ ,& ;(&' +5(%-)& ( '+%&- 7 +$&'/(- ,& 5&,-+ + ( &6+%(- ,& &$%+$ 7(-5-&%+$ $& +(-@( & ($ $-08-&%&$ >($&$: •

•

•

E ( &6+'(-9 %&-&,+ & 8&%( '-%&'-+$ ,& +',&(- ,& %&''-%+'-+ & ( ,&-5-%(- ,& '&($ &6+%()&$9 8( /&@ ,&>--,+$ ($ '&$&'/($ +%&-(&$. E ( &6+%(- 0&&'(,+ 5+,&+$ ,& &6+%(- ,& 5?-5+ -5(%+ (5)-&%( E ( >($& ,& '&;()--%(-9 &$%()&-&,+ '-%&'-+$ 7 5+,&+$ ,& '&;()--%(- %-5+$ ,& +$ %&''&+$ (>&%(,+$.

E &$%& $&%-,+ ($ +$-)&$ (%8(-+&$ %&,' +5+ +)*&%-/+$: • L( @+->-(- ,& %&''-%+'-+ & 8(%+ ( (%-%8,9 ,&$,& & 8%+ 5-&'+ 7 (5)-&%( ('( ( &6+%(-. O',&(5-&%+ 5-&'+  (5)-&%( =8& $-'/( ,& )($& ('( ( -%&0'(- ,& ( (%-/-,(, 5-&'(. •

•

IV.

E$%()&-5-&%+ ,& 5+,&+$ ,& &6+%(-9 ,& 5(&'( =8& ( &6%'(- ,& +$ 5(%&'-(&$ $&( ,& ( >+'5( 5$ '(-+( 7 $&08'(9 + ( 5&+' (>&%(- +$-)& ( 5&,-+ (5)-&%& S-$%&5( ,& ()+'&+ $&&%-/+ 7 ,& %'($>&'&-(. D&%&'5-(- ,& +$ '-%&'-+$ ('( ( '&;()--%(- ,& +$ %&''&+$ (>&%(,+$ +' ( (%-/-,(, 5-&'(.

EVALUACI#N DE CANTERAS

L( 8)-(- ,& (%&'($ &$ 587 -5+'%(%& ('( ( +$%'8-9 +' &+ &$ =8& & & &$%8,-+ ,& (%&'($ $& ;( %'(%(,+ ,& 8)-(' 5(%&'-(&$ (('&%&$ ('( & &5&+ & ($ ,->&'&%&$ '+7&%+$ & & &$%8,-+ ,&>--%-/+ ('( ( R&;()--%(- 7 M&*+'(5-&%+ ,& ($ C(''&%&'($.



V.

CICLO IX

PROSESO DE EXTRACCION DEL AGREGADO: E'()*++- /1 *)*/3:

T*45*/3 /1 *)*/3:

A)*/36 61++3*/36 +3 48)5*6



CICLO IX

L45* / *)*/36

M*()*16 * '()*):



CICLO IX

A)*/3 93

A)*/3 G)863 VI. CARACTERISTICAS CALIDAD: S& 8&,& ,&%&'5-(' ( (-,(, ,& ( '+( + & &6(5& ,& ( 58&$%'( =8& < +$-,&'( '&'&$&%(%-/( ,& %+,( (%&'( $- ( '+( ( ,& 8%--@('$& & 8( -,8$%'-( & ( =8& $+ $+ &$&-(&$ $8$ '+-&,(,&$ =8?5-($9 $& 8&,& %&&' ,(%+$ $8>--&%&$ %+5(,+ 58&$%'($ + $+,($ ,& '&$-. S- &5)('0+ ('( -&,'( ()'(,(9 5(;((,( 7 ('%-,( ,&)& ,&%&'5-('$& ($ '+-&,(,&$ >?$-($. L( '+( ('( -&,'( ()'(,( ,&)& &$%(' -)'& ,& 0'-&%($9 %&&' 8( %&6%8'( 8->+'5&9 8 ++' (%'(%-/+9 & (08+$ ($+$ '&-)-' 8-5&%(-. A08($ -&,'($ +5+ ( (-@( 7 ( ('&-$(9 &$ +/&-&%& =8& %&0( &;+$ ;+'-@+%(&$ ,& &$%'(%->-(-. L( -&,'( 5(;((,( 7 ('%-,( ,&)& $&' >8&'%& 7 >-'5& ,& )(*( ()$+'- ,& (08(. C8(,+ &$%8,-(5+$ ( (-,(, ,& ($ '+($ $& ,&)& '&$%(' (%&- ( +$ '($0+$ 0&+0-+$ =8& 8&,& 0+)&'(' ( &6+%(- +5+ & )8@(5-&%+.



CICLO IX

CANTIDAD O CUBICACI#N: S- ( '+( (>+'( &$&-(5&%& & 8 &;+ ( + ('0+ ,& 8 8'$+ ,& (08(9 $& 8&,& &$%-5(' >-5&%& & /+85& ,& 8( $-5& -$&- +8(' 7 8($ 8(%($ 5&,-,($. S- + ;(7 (>+'(5-&%+ ( 8)-(- 8&,& )($('$& & $+,&+$ + -/&$%-0(- 0&+>?$-(. L( 8)-(- ,& 8( (%&'( $& ;(& 0&&'(5&%& & %+&(,($ ('( &6+%(-+&$ ,& -&,'( ()'(,( + 5(;((,(9 ( '&$&'/( ,&)& $&' $8>--&%& ('( 8+$ 2 (+$9 $- $& ;( ,& *8$%->-(' +$ 0($%+$ ---(&$ 7 +$ +$%+$ ,& (5+'%-@(-. S- ;(7 (%&'(- ,& ( 5($( '++$( + 8 $-5& /-$%(@+ 7 8($ 8(%($ 5&,-,($ $& 8&,& ,&%&'5-(' & /+85& ,& + +%'('-+ 5&,-(%& $+,&+$ 0&+>?$-+$. S& ,&)& %&&' 8-,(,+ 8&$ ($ '+($ $++ 8&,& $&' )8&( +' ('%&$. FACTORES ECON#MICOS: U+ ,& +$ >(%+'&$ 5$ -5+'%(%&$ 8&,( '+;-)-' ( &6+%(- &$ & +$%+ ,& %'($+'%& ,& '+,8%+ ( 80(' ,& +$85+. L( (%&'( ,&)-,+ ( =8& %-&& 587 )8&( 8)-(- 7 &'(?( ( 8( /?( '--( ;(& +$-)& $8 >(--,(, ,& %'($+'%& 7 ((''&+ ,& +$ (0'&0(,+$. L+$ $8&,+$ &&/(,+$9 ($ 5(($ +,--+&$ ,& ,&$(0H& ,& ( (%&'( 7 & ,&$5+%& +$%&'+ ,& 5(%&'-( &$%<'- ('-(9 ('&(9 0'(/( 7 '+( -(,&8(,( =8& 8)'& ( ( '+( =8& $& &6+%& $+ +%'+$ >(%+'&$ =8& ;(& 5(7+' & '&-+.

VII. CLASIFICACI#N D& (8&',+ ( $8 +'-0&: ALUVIAL: S+ ,&$-%+$ ,& (%&'($ ((''&(,($ +' ( '&,8- ,& ( /&+-,(, ,& +$ (08($9 +'%(,+'($ ,& $&,-5&%+ & & (8& ,& 8 '?+ &$%+ +8''& 8(,+ & 8'$+ ,& (08( ((@( ( (8'( (8/-( =8& &$ ( ('%& +'+0'>-( =8& +%-&& 8 (8& 5(7+' 7 =8& 8&,& $&' -8,(,( (%& 8( &/&%8( '&-,( ,& ($ (08($ ,& <$%&. ♦

♦

C++$ ,& ,&7&-: E$%+$ ,&$-%+$ $& &8&%'( 0&&'(5&%& & +$ /(&$ ( -& ,& ($ 5+%(($ ,&$,& ,&$-%+$ + 58;( &,-&%& =8& +%-&& 0'(,&$ >'(05&%+$ ,& '+( 08(''+$ ( +$ ,&$-%+$ ($- (+$ ,& $8(/& &,-&%& =8& 0&&'(5&%& +%-&& &&5&%+$ >-+$. D&$-%+$ ,& %&''(@($: F+'5( 0'(,&$ )((&$ & ( %++0'(>?( ,& 8( '&0- 7 $8&& &+%'('$& ( +$ (,+$ ,& 8 (''+7+ + & ($ (--&$ (8/-(&$ ,& +$ '?+$. L($ ('&($ 7 0'(/($ $8&& &$%(' )-& &$%'(%->-(,+$.



CICLO IX

COLUVIAL. T-&& +5+ -+ (0&%& ,& %'($+'%& ( 0'(/&,(,9 $& -,&%->-( +' ( >+'5( (08(' + $8)(08(' ,& $8$ $&,-5&%+$. E$ 8 $8&+ -&$%()& +' + =8& + &$ '&+5&,()& +5+ 8 $8&+ ,& >8,(- C+58&$%+ +' 5(%&'-( '&$-,8( 7 ,& &$+5)'+$ ,& (,&'( =8& ,8'(%& & 8(%&'('-+ $& ;( ,&+$-%(,+ & ($ >(,($ ,& +$ &''+$ 7 (,&'($ ,& +$ /(&$ ,& '&(. E 5(%&'-( &$ ,& 0'(8+5&%'?( 5&,-( ( 0'8&$( ('&( 7 (0+ ,& 0'(/( + +%&-,+ ,& >-+$ ('-( 7 ('-( -5+$( +$ 08-*(''+$ $+ $8)(08+$+$ 7 $8)'&,+,&(,+$ ,& ('&-$(9 8('-%( 7 5(%&'-( /+-+. E &$&$+' ,& &$%& 5(%&'-( &$ /('-()& '+5&,-+ ,&  ( # 5&%'+$ -'&5&%,+$& 587 '+)()&5&%&9 ;(-( & E$%& 7 S8'9 ,+,& $& +$-,&'(9 &$%8/+ ( 5(7+' '+>8,-,(, ,& ( ,&'&$-. MORRENAS L($ 5+''&($ &$% +58&$%($ +' $&,-5&%+ $8&%+ +$%-%8-,+ +' ('%?8($ ,& ,->&'&%& %(5(+ $- &$%'(%->-(- - ($->-(-. E$%+$ ,&$-%+$ 0(-('&$ &$% +58&$%+$ +' ('-(9 +' 0'(/( 7 )+=8&$ (08+$+$. L+$ &''%-+$ $+ 8+$ )+=8&$ %'($+'%(,+$ 7 ,&+$-%(,+$ +' +$ 0(-('&$ ( 0'(,&$ ,-$%(-($ ,& $8$ 80('&$ ,& +'-0&. L( '+&,&-( 7 ( ,-'&- ,& ,&$(@(5-&%+ ,& 0(-(' $& 8&,& $()&' 5&,-(%& ( +5+$-- -%+0-( ,& ($ 5+''&($. L( 5($( &$%'8%8'( ,& ( 5+''&( & ( =8& $& -%&'(( '+($ 0'(,&$ $& ,&+5-( )+=8& ,& ('-(. A +%-8(- $& &6+& +$ ,->&'&%&$ %-+$ ,& 5+''&($: L($ 5+''&($ %&'5-(&$ $+ %&$%-5+-+$ ,& 8 >8&'%& (/(&$ ,& +$ 0(-('&$ + '&'&$&%( ($ >($&$ ,& '&&$+ (%&$ ,& '&%'+&$+ ,&>--%-/+ ,& ($ 5($($ ,& ;-&+. L+$ 0(-('&$ & (/(& &58*(9 & ('%&9 ($ 5+''&($ ,& >+,+ 7 & 5(%&'-( ,&+$-%(,+ ( >'&%& 7 +$%'87& &&/(,+$ %&''(&&$ & ,-;+ '+&$+. E$($ +-($ ,& 0'(/( ((@( (%8'($ ,& (08+$ 1 5&%'+$. L($ 5+''&($ ,&



CICLO IX

>+,+ &$% +58&$%($ +' & 5(%&'-( %'-%8'(,+ +' & 0(-(' & $8 >+,+ 7 +' $&,-5&%+ >8/-+0(-('. L($ 5+''&($ (%&'(&$ $& &8&%'( &%'& +$ 5'0&&$ ,& ( &08( 0(-(' 7 ( '+( $-,(. $%($ 58&$%'( & ?5-%& $8&'-+' ,& ;-&+ 0(-('9 + =8& &'5-%& '&+$%'8-' ( (%-08( (%8'( =8& <$%& ((@ & ($ >($&$ ,& 0(-(-+&$. S& ,( ($+$ & =8& 8( 5+''&( (%&'( $& +/-&'%& & 8( %&'5-(. D&$,& & 8%+ ,& /-$%( 5+'>+0-+ $& %-&,& ( +>8,-' &$%($ 5+''&($ + ($ %&''(@($ ,& K(5&. L( ,->&'&-( &%'& (5)($ '(,-( & $8 +$%-%8- -%&'(: +' &*&5+9 ($ %&''(@($ '&$&%( 8( ('( &$%'(%->-(-9 5-&%'($ =8& ($ 5+''&($ (%&'(&$ 58&$%'( 8( &$%'8%8'( %?-( ,& ,&$-%+ 5+''<-+ $- &$%'(%->-(- 7 $- +',&.L($ 5+''&($ ,& +>8&-( + &%'(&$ $& >+'5( 8(,+ ,+$ 0(-('&$ $& *8%( +' $8$ 5'0&&$9 -08(5&%& + ;(& ($ ,+$ 5+''&($ (%&'(&$ '&$&%-/($. L($ 5+''&($ &6%&'($ + $8&'>--(&$ &$% +58&$%($ +' >'(05&%+$ =8& (& $+)'& & 0(-(' 5&,-(%& ($ (/((;($. E &$%(,+ >8,-,+ >+'5( ($: 5+''&($ ,& ()(- L($ 5+''&($ -%&'($ &$% +$%-%8-,($ +' +$ 5(%&'-(&$ %'($+'%(,+$ ,&%'+ ,& 0(-('.



CICLO IX

C8(,+ $& >8,& & ;-&+ 0(-(' $8'0& ($ 5+''&($ ,& '&%'+&$+ =8& 5('( ,->&'&%&$ &$%(,-+$ & ( '&%-'(,( ,& 0(-('. E%'& &$%($ 5+''&($ >87& +,+ 0(-'-+ ,& ++' &;+$+ &;& ,& 0(-(' =8& (858( 0'(/( >8/-+0(-('9 08-*(''+ 7 ('&(. E '&%'+&$+ ,& 0(-(' + +8''& ,& 5(&'( ;+5+0<&(. L($ 5($($ ,& ;-&+ (('%(,($ +' & 0(-(' >+'5( )+=8&$ ,& ;-&+ =8& & & -,-+5( (&5 $& ,&+5-( ;-&+ 58&'%+. D-;+$ )+=8&$ ,& ;-&+ $+ ,&$-%+$ ,& 5(%&'-( >8/-+0(-('9 7 +' + %(%+ $& >8,& &%(5&%&. C8(,+ &+$ $& >8,& +' +5&%+ =8&,( ,&'&$-+&$ & >+'5( ,& (,&'( =8& & (&5 $& ,&+5-( +=8&,(,&$ ,& ;-&+ 58&'%+9 (,&'($ ,& ;-&+ 58&'%+9 &%. L($ 5+''&($ ,& +)%8'(- $& >+'5( &%'& & 0(-(' & >8$- 7 ($ 5+''&($ %&'5-(&$ 5$ '&-&%&$. E$%($ 5+''&($ %-&,& ( $&' ,&$5(%&(,($ %(%+ +' 8( '8%8'( & ( 5+''&( %&'5-( + 5&,-(%& & ($&$+ ,& ( '&$- =8& &*&'& & (08(. C8(,+ & ( 5+''&( %&'5-( $& ()'& 8 )+=8&%& ,& &/(8(-9 ($ @+($ ,& /(&$ '6-5($ ( &($ $& -8,( +($-+(,+ ,(+$ $&/&'+$. E ( C+',-&'( B(( & P&'9 +' &*&5+9 ( '8%8'( ,& 8( 5+''&( ,& +)%8'(- ,&$%'87 +' +5&%+ /('-($ (,&($ =8& $& &+%'()( (08($ ()(*+ & & /(& S(%+.

E#LICO S8$ 5(%&'-(&$ $+ (858(,+$ +' & %'($+'%& ,& 5(%&'-( ( (8$( ,& /-&%+9 >+'5,+$& ,8($ +)%&-<,+$& ,& &$%($ $++ (0'&0(,+ >-+ =8& $& 8%--@( 5(7+'5&%& ('( (()(,+$. D8($ D& A'&(: P8&,& &+%'('$& & (8'($ ($- '-,($ ( + ('0+ ,& (08($ (--&$ ,& (8/-9 ( +$ =8& & /-&%+ ;( ($->-(,+ +$ /-&*+$ ,&$-%+$ ( + ('0+ ,& ($ (7($. L($ ,8($ $+ 587 +''-&%&$ & '&0-+&$ '-,($9 ( ('&( $8&& %&&' %(5(+ ,& >-+ ( 5&,-(9 &'+ $8 0'(,(- + &$ )8&(. LMNICO O LACUSTRE O'-0-(,+ +' & ,&$-%+ ,& 5(%&'-( & & >+,+ ,& & 8 (0+ 5(7+'5&%& $+ >-+$ ('-($ 7 -5+$. VIII.

CLASES DE CANTERAS CLASIFICACI#N DE CANTERAS S&0 & %-+ ,& &6+%(-

C(%&'($ ( C-&+ A)-&'%+: E (,&'($9 8(,+ ( '+( $& (''(( & ( >(,( ,& 8 &''+.



CICLO IX

E +'%&9 8(,+ ( '+( $& &6%'(& ,& -&'%( '+>8,-,(, & & %&''&+. C(%&'($ S8)%&''&($.

S&0 & 5(%&'-( ( &6+%('

D& M(%&'-(&$ C+$+-,(,+$ + R+(. D& M(%&'-(&$ + C+$+-,(,+$ +5+ $8&+$9 (0'&0(,+$9 %&''(@($ (8/-(&$ 7 ('-($.

S&0 $8 +'-0&

C(%&'($ A8/-(&$. C(%&'($ ,& '+(9 &( + &''+.

CANTERAS ALUVIALES

CANTERAS DE ROCA, PEÑA O CERRO



IX.

FACTORES ;UE CONDICIONAN LA EXPLOTACI#N DE UNA CANTERA



C(%-,(, ,& 5(%&'-(



C(-,(, ,& 5(%&'-(



V('-&,(, ,& T(5(+ ,& +$ A0'&0(,+$



D-$%(-( ,& ( C(%&'( ( ( O)'(

 

X.

CICLO IX

A&$+ ( ( C(%&'( P+$-)--,(,&$ ,& M&'(,&+

USOS DE LOS MATERIALES DE CANTERAS EN LA INDUSTRIA DE LA CONSTRUCCI#N

L( -&,'( (%8'( &$ =8-@$ & 5(%&'-( ,& +$%'8- 5$ (%-08+9 ()8,(%& 7 ,8'(,&'+9 $& &8&%'( '&,+5-(%&5&%& & @+($ 5+%(+$($. V('-+$ %-+$ 7 >+'5($ ,& -&,'( (%8'( %(5)-< 8&,& '+&$('$& ('( '+,8-' +%'+$ 5(%&'-(&$ ,& +$%'8-.



CICLO IX

L( &6%'(- ,& '+($ &$ +$-)& + ;&''(5-&%($ $-5&$9 +5+ &'>+'(,+'($9 '&%'+&6(/(,+'($9 &%. P&'+ &$ &$&-( %&&' ++-5-&%+ 7 &6&'-&-( ('( ($&08'(' +'%&$ '&-$+$.

A1+*+36:

 P-&,'( )'8%( ('( -5-&%+$9 -$+$9 58'+$9 + & &$%'8%8'($ ,& %&;+$ (+$ & /+(,-@+9 & %+,+$ +$ ($+$ + + $- 5+'%&'+.  S-(' -&,'( 8(,'(,( + + >+'5( ('( +)'($ ,& ()(-&'?( ,& >+'5($ '&08('&$9 (%&&;+$ ,& /&%(($9 0'(,($ 7 (/-5&%+$9 (,&5$ ( ,->&'&-( + +$ 5(58&$%+$ =8& $+ ++(,+$ + ( 5(+ 7 &$ ,& >+'5( '&,+,&(,(.  G'(/( 7 >'(05&%+$ ,& '+( +5+ '-,+$ ('( +'&%+ 7 %&''(@+.  G'(8(,+$ +/&' ('( $8&'>--& ,& '+%&- ,& >-&%'+$ ($>%-+$.  P+/+$ ('( -%8'(.  P-&,'( (-@( ('( ( '+,8- ,& ( 7 &5&%+. Y ,&5$ 8$+$ =8& -'&5+$ ,&$8)'-&,+ ( + ('0+ ,& 8&$%'( /-,( '+>&$-+(.

XI.

CANTERA DE ESTUDIO CANTERA
*> UBICACION:

S& &8&%'( +(-@(,( ( $8' &$%& ,& ( -8,(, ,& L-5(9 ,-$%'-%+ ,& L8'? ( 8 +$%(,+ ,& '-+ L8'?.



CICLO IX

?> IDENTIFICACION GEOLOGICA:

E 5(%&'-( '&'&$&%(%-/+ ,& ( (%&'( &$ ,& (%+ '+,(,+ +58&$%( +' ('&-$($9 8('-%($ )(($ ,& 0'(+ 5&,-+ ( 0'8&$+. +> TEXTURA:

L($ '+($ ,& ( (%&'( $+ ,& (%+ '+,(,+9 '&$&%( 0'(/($9 0'(,-($ 7 ('&($ & >+'5( (08('. /> EXPLOTACION DE LA CANTERA EN ESTUDIO

E ( &6+%(- ,& ( C(%&'( $& &6%'(& ,+$ %-+$ ,& 5(%&'-(&$ ('( ,->&'&%&$ 8$+$ & & (5+ ,& ( +$%'8-. L( &6+%(- ,& &$%+$ 5(%&'-(&$ $& '&(-@( ( -&+ ()-&'%+ $-&,+ ( >+'5( ,& &6+%(- + (,&8(,( 7 &-0'+$( 8,-&,+ +8''-' (-,&%&$ ,& +$-,&'(-. E ( @+( ,& ( (%&'( ,& ( =8& $& &6%'(& 5(%&'-(&$ ('( 8$+ ,& 5&@($ ,& +'&%+9 ( &6+%(- $& '&(-@( + &'$+( + (->-(,+ 7 $- -0 5<%+,+ '(-+(9 &5&(,+ ('( ( &6%'(- (($9 -+$ 7 )(''&%($.



CICLO IX

INICIO DE ACCESO A CANTERA.

CANTERA



CICLO IX

AGREGADO FINO

CANTO RODADO

@. ANALISIS CALCULO DE RENDIMIENTO DE UNA CANTERA: D(%+$ ,& ( &6+'(- ,& 8( (%&'(: '&( ,& ( (%&'(

#9 52

P'+>8,-,(, ('+/&;()&

2. 5

T+ $+- $8&+ $8&'>--( =8& ,&)&' &-5-('$&

.1 5



CICLO IX

O/&' & ( (%&'( 5(%&'-( 5(7+' ,& 3,&$8<$

2

,& ,&$)'+& E$+*(5-&%+



P3(+* B)8(*  ?*+3: 2. 6 #9 52

1!9 53 1

D&$)'+&: .1 5 6 #9 52

149" 53 ".

P3(+* N(*  ?*+3: P. B'8%(  D&$)'+&

1#193 53 2.

O/&' 2 ,& ( +%&-( N&%(: .2 6 1#193 53

4932 53 23.1

P3(+* *)3+*?1  ?*+3: P. N&%(  O/&'

139" 53 !.4

DATOS DE LA CURVA GRANULOMTRICA:  &%'& 5(($ ,& 3 7 ,& : .1 6 139" 53 

139". 53

P3(. A)3+*?1 /686 /1 5*)*/3: . 6 139" 53

12293"". 53 !2.4

 ,& -&,'(  4 : .4 6 12293"". 53

4#91 53

 ,& ('&(

!191##." 53

 : . 6 12293"". 53

D(%+$ ,& ,-$&+ ,& 5&@(: P'++'- -&,'( ('&(

!3 3"

E +*63 / 8)) *)3+*) (3/* 1* /)* / 1* +*()*: S& $-08& & 5-$5+ '(@+(5-&%+: S- 4#91 53 >8&'( !3 ,& /+85& '&=8&'-,+9 E 3" $&'?(: .3" 6 4#91.!3 

2#9"4 539 + +

=8&

S+)'('?(: !191##."  2#9"4  32943." 53 ,& ('&(

E1 )/4(3 / 1* +*()* 6)*: 4#91  2#9"4 6 11!9  3.!

E +*63 / 8)) *)3+*) (3/* 1* *)* / 1* +*()*: S- !191##." 53 >8&'( & 3" ,& /+85& '&=8&'-,+9 E !3 $&' : .!3 6 !191##.".3" 

1491#!.2 539 +

F(%('?(: 1491#!.2  4#91  14913".3 53 ,& P-&,'( )8$('+$ & +%'( (%&'(.

R/4(3 / 1* +*()* 6)*: !191##."  4#91 6 11!9  !.2


=8&

+

=8&

;()'

=8&


CICLO IX

. CONCLUSIONES:   



S& +0' ,&$'-)-' ($ (%&'($ 7 $8$ '--(&$ '+-&,(,&$. O)$&'/(5+$ ( '&('(- ,& +$ (0'&0(,+$ (%&$ ,& $8 /&%(9 +5+ & ;((,+9 8$+ ,& 5(=8-('-(9 7 ,& ($->-(- 0'(8+5<%'-(. S()&5+$ + &'%&@( + =8& -5-( %&&' 8( (%&'( ,+,& $& 8$& ( %&++0?( ('( >(/+'&&' ( 5&*+'( ,& +$ (0'&0(,+$9 7( =8& ,& ( '+-&,(,&$ ,& &$%+$ ,&&,& 8 )8& ,-$&+ ,& 5&@(. E$ -5+'%(%& ++&' L( &6%'(- ,& 5(%&'-(&$ <%'&+$ ('( ( +$%'8-9 7( =8& ,& &$%( (%-/-,(, ,&&,& & )8& ,&$(''++ ,& ($ +)'($ ,& ->'(&$%'8%8'( =8& -58$( & '&-5-&%+ ,& 8 (?$.



CICLO IX

7. RECOMENDACIONES 

 



S& '&+5-&,( &$%()&&' 7 >-$(-@(' ( $&8&-( ,& &6+%(- + ( >-(-,(, ,& ---(' ( '&$%(8'(- ,& '&( ,+,& $& +87& + ( &6+%(-9 -5&5&%(,+ '+0'&$-/(5&%& & ( ,& -&''& ,& (8&',+ ( E$%8,-+ ,& I5(%+ A5)-&%(. E %+,($ ($ (%&'($ +(-@(,($ ,&)&' &-5-('$& & 5(%&'-( +'0-+ /&0&%(- 7 5(%&'-(&$ -(,&8(,+$. P('( -'&5&%(' & '&,-5-&%+ ,& ($ (%&'($ 7 & (0'&0(,+ '&$8%(%& 8&%& + (,( 8( ,& $8$ ('(%&'?$%-($ ,&)&' %'-%8'('$& & (0'&0(,+ 0'8&$+9 '&/-(5&%& @('(,&(,(9 $&('(,+ ,& ( ('&( ('( (,( 8+ ,& +$ 8$+$. S& '&+5-&,( ---('9 & &( +&'(- ,& ( (%&'(9 ( (%(- ,& 8( (%(( ,& ')+&$ ('( 5--5-@(' & -5(%+ /-$8( ,& ($ (%&'($.



CICLO IX

. BIBLIOGRAFIA:   

A8%&$: %&++0?( ,& +$ 5(%&'-(&$ : ING. L&@(5( L&7/( J+$< S8&+$9 (%&'($ 7 >8&%&$ ,& (08(  C+$+'-+ G&++$8%  CPA. R&0(5&%+ N(-+( ,& E,->-(-+&$ E S8&+$ 7 C-5&%(-+&$.


TRABAJO GRUPAL N°2 - CANTERAS.docx

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